Public building operation stage carbon emission calculation method considering urban heat source form

Abstract

The invention discloses a public building operation stage carbon emission calculation method considering an urban heat source form, relates to the technical field of public building carbon emission management and urban heat supply environmental protection evaluation, and solves the problem that in the aspect of heat supply carbon emission of public building operation stage carbon emission, urban heat source form characteristics are not deeply fused, and the urban heat source form characteristics are not deeply fused. The overall consideration on the heat demand change of the tail end public building is lacked, so that the deviation of the overall calculation result is large. By analyzing the unit heat supply carbon emission factor of the heat source side and fully considering the factors such as the heat supply energy proportion, the carbon emission factor and the heat efficiency of the combustion equipment, the method accurately reflects the carbon emission characteristics under different heat source forms, adapts to the dynamic change of a heat supply system, provides powerful support for public building emission reduction and urban energy planning, and has a wide application prospect. The defect of insufficient consideration of heat source forms in related calculation methods is overcome, and standardization and refinement of carbon emission management in the building industry are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon emission management of public buildings and environmental protection evaluation of urban heating, and specifically to a method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings taking into account the form of urban heat sources. Background Art

[0002] As the global climate change problem becomes increasingly serious, greenhouse gas emissions have become a focus of attention. As a major global carbon emitter, the construction industry has considerable carbon emissions throughout all stages of its life cycle. Among them, public buildings have complex functions, large traffic, numerous equipment and irregular operation time, so carbon emissions are particularly prominent during the operation stage. Its carbon emissions mainly include carbon emissions from purchased heat, purchased electricity and its own fossil fuel combustion. Among them, the proportion of carbon emissions from purchased heat is quite considerable, especially in the winter in some northern cities, where the demand for heating is large and lasts for a long time, and the centralized heating system is relatively developed. The heating energy consumption accounts for about 10%-30% of the total energy consumption of the city. Its main energy sources such as coal and natural gas will produce a large amount of carbon dioxide during the combustion process.

[0003] The calculation methods for carbon emissions during the operation stage of public buildings mostly use general models, especially in terms of heating carbon emissions. They do not deeply integrate the characteristics of urban heat source forms, and cannot accurately reflect the actual carbon emissions of buildings under heating with different heat sources and their usage ratios; they ignore the details of heat loss in the heating pipeline network, omits heat loss along the way and the carbon emissions corresponding to its changes; lack overall consideration of changes in heat demand for terminal public buildings, resulting in large deviations in the overall calculation results, which in turn affects the formulation of relevant carbon emission policies; therefore, it does not meet existing needs. In this regard, we propose a method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation stage of public buildings that takes into account the urban heat source form. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation stage of public buildings taking into account the urban heat source form, so as to solve the problem that the heating carbon emissions in the operation stage of public buildings proposed in the above background technology do not deeply integrate the characteristics of the urban heat source form, lack of overall consideration of the changes in the heat demand of terminal public buildings, resulting in a large deviation in the overall calculation results.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings taking into account the urban heat source form, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Based on the energy chain analysis, the heating system is divided into the heat production stage, heat transmission stage and heat use stage, and the calculation framework of carbon emissions in the operation stage of public buildings is clarified;

[0007] Step 2: Calculate the carbon emissions on the heat source side based on the known energy form and corresponding consumption on the heat source side. The carbon emissions on the heat source side are the carbon emissions E0 generated by the combustion of fossil fuels consumed by the heat source end. The formula is:

[0008] E0=EF1·QF1+EF2·QF2+……+EF n ·QF n ;

[0009] EF n is the carbon emission factor of the combustion of the nth fuel on the heat source side, QF n is the consumption of the nth fuel on the heat source side;

[0010] Step 3: Unify the units of fuel consumption and further simplify the carbon emission calculation formula on the heat source side;

[0011] Step 4: Reversely infer the heat output Q0 on the heat source side from the heat demand of the end user and the thermal efficiency of the heating network. The heat output Q0 on the heat source side is calculated as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Where Q0 is the total heat output from the heat source side, is the total heat supply at the terminal, Q b is the sum of the heat demands of n end users, λ is the thermal efficiency of the heating network;

[0014] Step 5: Calculate the carbon emission factor C0 per unit of heating on the heat source side. The calculation formula for the carbon emission factor C0 per unit of heating on the heat source side is:

[0015]

[0016] Where E0 is the carbon emission generated by the combustion of fossil fuels consumed by the heat source, and Q0 is the total heat output from the heat source to the heat network;

[0017] Step 6: Update and correct the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side. Regularly look back over time, update and dynamically adjust the determined factors, and consider the main process of heat transport to determine the correction coefficient;

[0018] Step 7: Update and revise the heat demand of terminal public buildings, and propose a terminal heat demand correction factor γ for changes in heat demand caused by energy-saving renovation of terminal building envelopes, climate change, and increased energy-saving awareness of users;

[0019] Step 8: Based on the above results, the carbon emissions E of the urban terminal public buildings in the operation phase can be calculated. all To perform a more precise calculation:

[0020] E all =Ep +E g +E h =EF i ·E i +EF p ·E p +C1·Q=EF i ·E i +EF p ·E p +αβC0·γQ b

[0021] EF i is the carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source, E i is the consumption of the i-th energy source, EF p is the carbon emission factor of electricity, E p is the power consumption.

[0022] Preferably, the carbon emission calculation formula for the operation stage of public buildings is:

[0023] E all =E p +E g +E h ;

[0024] Where E p is the carbon emissions generated by the consumption of primary energy, E g is the carbon emission of purchased electricity, E h It is the carbon emission of purchased heat.

[0025] Preferably, the calculation formula of the heating system is:

[0026] Q in =Q out +ΔQ s ;

[0027] Where Q in is the system input heat, Q out System output heat, ΔQ s It is the amount of heat dissipated inside the system. The amount of heat dissipated inside the system includes the heat loss in the energy conversion of the source heating equipment and the heat loss in the heat transmission process.

[0028] The change in heat is the fundamental reason for the change in the level of carbon emissions from heating. Therefore, from the perspective of the energy chain, the heating system can be divided into the heat production stage, the heat transmission stage and the heat use stage. Changes in technical scenarios in each stage will have an impact on carbon emissions from heating.

[0029] Preferably, the simplified carbon emission formula on the heat source side is:

[0030]

[0031] E0=Q Fall ·(EF1·A1+EF2·A2+…EF n ·A n );

[0032] Where Q Fall is the total combustion consumption after unit unification, tce; A n is the proportion of the nth heat source in the urban heating system, where A1+A2+…A n =1.

[0033] Preferably, the calculation formula of the terminal heat demand correction factor γ is:

[0034]

[0035] Where Q a represents the terminal heat demand after the scenario changes, Q b Represents the initial terminal heat demand.

[0036] Preferably, updating and correcting the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: For the heat source side, the changes in the proportion of different heating energy sources, the changes in the energy carbon emission factor and the thermal efficiency of the combustion equipment are considered, and the heat source shape correction coefficient α is proposed;

[0038] S2: For the heat network side, the change in total heat output caused by the improvement of the heat network transmission efficiency is mainly considered, the heat network efficiency is corrected, and the heat network efficiency correction coefficient β is proposed;

[0039] S3: Correct the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 according to the heat source form correction coefficient α and the heat network efficiency correction coefficient β to obtain the unit heating carbon emission factor C1 on the heat source side.

[0040] Preferably, the calculation formula of the heat source shape correction coefficient α is:

[0041]

[0042] Where E a It represents the carbon emission of heating on the heat source side after the change of technical scenario, and E0 is the initial carbon emission of heating on the heat source side.

[0043] Preferably, the calculation formula of the heating network efficiency correction coefficient β is:

[0044]

[0045] where λ ais the transmission efficiency of the heat network after the technical scenario changes, λ b is the transmission efficiency of the initial heat network.

[0046] Preferably, the calculation formula for the unit heating carbon emission factor C1 on the heat source side is:

[0047]

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] The present invention has many beneficial results in the method of calculating carbon emissions in the operation stage of public buildings taking into account the urban heat source form: by analyzing the carbon emission factor of unit heating on the heat source side, fully considering factors such as the proportion of heating energy, carbon emission factor and thermal efficiency of combustion equipment, accurately reflecting the carbon emission characteristics under different heat source forms; adapting to the dynamic changes of the heating system, and regularly retrospectively updating the carbon emission factor of unit heating on the heat source side to ensure that the calculation is close to reality; effectively responding to various dynamic changes in heat sources, heat networks and terminals, accurately calculating the carbon emissions of terminal heating (purchased heat), providing a scientific and accurate calculation method, filling the gap in consideration of heat source forms, and promoting the standardization and refinement of industry carbon emission management, thereby providing reliable guarantees for the overall carbon emission assessment of public buildings in the operation stage; helping managers understand the carbon emission status, formulate targeted energy-saving and emission reduction measures, and optimize building emission reduction strategies; providing data support for urban energy planning, helping planners optimize the layout of heat sources according to building heating needs and carbon emission characteristics, and promoting low-carbon urban development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the carbon emission calculation method for public buildings in the operation stage considering the urban heat source form of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a system diagram of the internal heat dissipation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0053] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 The present invention provides an embodiment: a method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of a public building taking into account the form of urban heat sources, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Define the calculation framework of carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings, and divide the heating system into heat production phase, heat transmission phase, and heat use phase based on the energy chain analysis;

[0055] The calculation formula for carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings is:

[0056] E all =E p +E g +E h ;

[0057] Where E p is the carbon emissions generated by the consumption of primary energy, E g is the carbon emission of purchased electricity, E h It is the carbon emission of purchased heat;

[0058] The calculation formula for the heating system is:

[0059] Q in =Q out +ΔQ s ;

[0060] Where Q in is the system input heat, Q out System output heat, ΔQ s It is the amount of heat dissipated inside the system, which includes the heat loss in the energy conversion of the source heating equipment and the heat loss in the heat transmission process;

[0061] Step 2: Calculate the carbon emissions on the heat source side based on the known energy form and corresponding consumption on the heat source side. The carbon emissions on the heat source side are the carbon emissions E0 generated by the combustion of fossil fuels consumed by the heat source end. The formula is:

[0062] E0=EF1·QF1+EF2·QF2+……+EF n ·QF n ;

[0063] EF n QF is the carbon emission factor of the combustion of the nth fuel on the heat source side, in units of tCO2 / tce; n is the consumption of the nth fuel on the heat source side, in tce;

[0064] Step 3: Unify the units of fuel consumption and further simplify the carbon emission calculation formula on the heat source side;

[0065] The simplified carbon emission formula on the heat source side is:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Q Fall =QF1+QF2+…+QF n ;

[0069]

[0070] E0=Q Fall ·(EF1·A1+EF2·A2+…EF n ·A n );

[0071] Where Q Fall The total combustion consumption after unit unification, unit tce; A n is the proportion of the nth heat source in the urban heating system, where A1+A2+…A n =1.

[0072] Step 4: Reversely calculate the heat output Q0 of the heat source side from the heat demand of the end user and the thermal efficiency of the heating network, and the heat demand Q of each end user i and the thermal efficiency λ of the heating network are known quantities, and the heat output Q0 on the heat source side is calculated as:

[0073]

[0074] Where Q0 is the total heat output from the heat source side, tce; is the total heat supply at the terminal, Q b is the sum of the heat demands of n end users, tce; λ is the thermal efficiency of the heating network;

[0075] Step 5: Calculate the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side. The unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side represents how many tons of CO2 are generated by 1GJ of heat. The smaller the C0 value, the cleaner the heat source. The calculation formula for the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side is:

[0076]

[0077] Where E0 is the carbon emission generated by the combustion of fossil fuels consumed by the heat source, and Q0 is the total heat output from the heat source to the heat network;

[0078] Step 6: Update and correct the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side. Due to the volatility of the amount of heating carbon emissions, it can be seen that the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side is not static. It only represents the level of heating carbon emissions under a period of time and technical scenarios. Therefore, as time goes by, it is necessary to regularly look back and update and dynamically adjust the determined factors. Also, consider the main process of heat transmission to determine the correction coefficient;

[0079] The update and correction of the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side includes the following steps:

[0080] S1: For the heat source side, consider the changes in the proportion of different heating energy sources, the changes in energy carbon emission factors, and the changes in the thermal efficiency of combustion equipment. Although coal is still the main heat source for urban centralized heating in northern cities in my country, the proportion of clean energy for heating has continued to increase due to the continuous implementation of national energy-saving and carbon reduction policies in recent years, and the overall proportion of urban heating energy will continue to change; changes in the thermal efficiency of combustion equipment include changes and differences in fuel quality, and changes in energy carbon emission factors caused by the improvement of the thermal efficiency of combustion equipment. Correction of heat source form is performed, and a heat source form correction coefficient α is proposed;

[0081] The calculation formula of heat source shape correction coefficient α is:

[0082]

[0083] Where E a It represents the carbon emission of heating on the heat source side after the technology scenario changes, tCO2, and E0 is the initial carbon emission of heating on the heat source side.

[0084] S2: For the heat network side, the change in total heat output caused by the improvement of the heat network transmission efficiency is mainly considered, the heat network efficiency is corrected, and the heat network efficiency correction coefficient β is proposed;

[0085] The calculation formula of the heating network efficiency correction factor β is:

[0086]

[0087] where λ a is the transmission efficiency of the heat network after the technical scenario changes, λ b is the transmission efficiency of the initial heat network.

[0088] S3: Correct the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 according to the heat source form correction coefficient α and the heat network efficiency correction coefficient β to obtain the unit heating carbon emission factor C1 on the heat source side;

[0089] The calculation formula for the unit heating carbon emission factor C1 on the heat source side is:

[0090]

[0091] Step 7: Update and revise the heat demand of terminal public buildings, and propose a terminal heat demand correction factor γ for changes in heat demand caused by energy-saving renovation of terminal building envelopes, climate change, and increased energy-saving awareness of users;

[0092] The calculation formula of the terminal heat demand correction factor γ is:

[0093]

[0094] Where Q arepresents the terminal heat demand after the scenario changes, Q b Represents the initial terminal heat demand.

[0095] Step 8: Based on the above results, the carbon emissions E of the urban terminal public buildings in the operation phase can be calculated. all To perform a more precise calculation:

[0096] E all =E p +E g +E h =EF i ·E i +EF p ·E p +C1·Q=EF i ·E i +EF p ·E p +αβC0·γQ b

[0097] EF i is the carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source, in units of tCO2 / tce; E i is the consumption of the i-th energy, unit: tce; EF p E is the carbon emission factor of electricity, unit: tCO2 / tce; p It is the electricity consumption, unit is tce.

[0098] This method first determines the carbon emission composition of public buildings during the operation stage, analyzes each stage of the heating system based on the law of heat conservation, and obtains the unit heating carbon emission factor by calculating the carbon emissions on the heat source side and the output heat. It also takes into account factors such as the proportion of heating energy, the fuel carbon emission factor, the change in the thermal efficiency of the combustion equipment, and the change in the pipeline network loss to correct it. At the same time, it takes into account the change in terminal heat demand, and then corrects the calculation of the carbon emissions of purchased heat, ultimately achieving accurate accounting of the overall carbon emissions of urban terminal public buildings during the operation stage.

[0099] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings considering the urban heat source form, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Based on the energy chain analysis, the heating system is divided into the heat production stage, heat transmission stage and heat use stage, and the calculation framework of carbon emissions in the operation stage of public buildings is clarified; Step 2: Calculate the carbon emissions on the heat source side based on the known energy form and corresponding consumption on the heat source side. The carbon emissions on the heat source side are the carbon emissions E0 generated by the combustion of fossil fuels consumed by the heat source end. The formula is: E0=EF1·QF1+EF2·QF2+……+EF n ·QF n ; EF n is the carbon emission factor of the combustion of the nth fuel on the heat source side, QF n is the consumption of the nth fuel on the heat source side; Step 3: Unify the units of fuel consumption and further simplify the carbon emission calculation formula on the heat source side; Step 4: Reversely infer the heat output Q0 on the heat source side from the heat demand of the end user and the thermal efficiency of the heating network. The heat output Q0 on the heat source side is calculated as follows: Where Q0 is the total heat output from the heat source side, is the total heat supply at the terminal, Q b is the sum of the heat demands of n end users, λ is the thermal efficiency of the heating network; Step 5: Calculate the carbon emission factor C0 per unit of heating on the heat source side. The calculation formula for the carbon emission factor C0 per unit of heating on the heat source side is: Where E0 is the carbon emission generated by the combustion of fossil fuels consumed by the heat source, and Q0 is the total heat output from the heat source to the heat network; Step 6: Update and correct the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side. Regularly look back over time, update and dynamically adjust the determined factors, and consider the main process of heat transport to determine the correction coefficient; Step 7: Update and revise the heat demand of terminal public buildings, and propose a terminal heat demand correction factor γ for changes in heat demand caused by energy-saving renovation of terminal building envelopes, climate change, and increased energy-saving awareness of users; Step 8: Based on the above results, the carbon emissions E of the urban terminal public buildings in the operation phase can be calculated. all To perform a more precise calculation: AND all =And p +E g +E h =EF i ·AND i +EF p ·AND p +C1 Q=EF i ·AND i +EF p ·AND p +αβC0·γQ b EF i is the carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source, E i is the consumption of the i-th energy source, EF p is the carbon emission factor of electricity, E p is the power consumption.

2. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings considering the urban heat source form according to claim 1 is characterized by: The calculation formula for carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings is: AND all =And p +E g +E h ; Where E p is the carbon emissions generated by the consumption of primary energy, E g is the carbon emission of purchased electricity, E h It is the carbon emission of purchased heat.

3. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings considering the urban heat source form according to claim 2 is characterized by: The calculation formula for the heating system is: Q in =Q out +ΔQ s ; Where Q in is the system input heat, Q out System output heat, ΔQ s It is the amount of heat dissipated inside the system. The amount of heat dissipated inside the system includes the heat loss in the energy conversion of the source heating equipment and the heat loss in the heat transmission process.

4. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings considering the urban heat source form according to claim 3 is characterized by: The simplified carbon emission formula on the heat source side is: Q Fall =QF1+QF2+…+QF n ; <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">E0=Q<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> Fall <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> (EF1 A1 + EF2 A2 +… EF<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> n <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ·A<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> n <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ); Where Q Fall is the total combustion consumption after unit unification, tce; A n is the proportion of the nth heat source in the urban heating system, where A1+A2+…A n =1.

5. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings considering the urban heat source form according to claim 4 is characterized by: The calculation formula of the terminal heat demand correction factor γ is: Where Q a represents the terminal heat demand after the scenario changes, Q b Represents the initial terminal heat demand.

6. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings considering the urban heat source form according to claim 5 is characterized by: The update and correction of the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 on the heat source side includes the following steps: S1: For the heat source side, the changes in the proportion of different heating energy sources, the changes in the energy carbon emission factor and the thermal efficiency of the combustion equipment are considered, and the heat source shape correction coefficient α is proposed; S2: For the heat network side, the change in total heat output caused by the improvement of the heat network transmission efficiency is mainly considered, the heat network efficiency is corrected, and the heat network efficiency correction coefficient β is proposed; S3: Correct the unit heating carbon emission factor C0 according to the heat source form correction coefficient α and the heat network efficiency correction coefficient β to obtain the unit heating carbon emission factor C1 on the heat source side.

7. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings considering the urban heat source form according to claim 6 is characterized by: The calculation formula of the heat source shape correction coefficient α is: Where E a It represents the carbon emission of heating on the heat source side after the change of technical scenario, and E0 is the initial carbon emission of heating on the heat source side.

8. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings considering the urban heat source form according to claim 6 is characterized by: The calculation formula of the heating network efficiency correction factor β is: where λ a is the transmission efficiency of the heat network after the technical scenario changes, λ b is the transmission efficiency of the initial heat network.

9. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the operation phase of public buildings considering the urban heat source form according to claim 6 is characterized by: The calculation formula for the unit heating carbon emission factor C1 on the heat source side is:

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