Corn and soybean dual-purpose high-speed precision seed metering device

Abstract

This invention discloses a dual-purpose (corn and soybean) pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device. It includes a front shell, a seed metering disc, a shaft, and a rear shell. A seed-carrying space is formed by a tapered speed-increasing baffle, an upper sidewall of the front shell, a seed-gathering baffle, a seed-discharging tube, a rear shell, and a front end plate of the front shell. The seed metering disc, fixed to the shaft, rotates periodically within this space. Several U-shaped suction holes are formed on the surface of the seed metering disc. The working sequence of these holes during the seed-carrying cycle is: seed-gathering baffle, upper sidewall, tapered speed-increasing baffle, and seed-discharging tube. The seed-gathering baffle is used to lift and gather the seed population. A seed-pushing plate is fixed to the front shell. The main body of the seed-pushing plate is a grid plate, which separates the seeds during the filling and falling stages within the seed-carrying space. This invention achieves overall lifting of the seed population position through the seed-gathering baffle, bringing the seeds in the middle layer of the population closer to the suction holes of the seed metering disc, greatly improving the seed-filling performance of the seed metering device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seed metering technology, specifically a pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for both corn and soybeans. Background Technology

[0002] Corn is a key source of food and feed, as well as an important raw material for industrial production, providing solid support for livestock and industrial systems. Therefore, increasing corn production is crucial, not only helping to alleviate pressure on land resources but also serving as an important pathway to promote the sustainable development of the corn industry.

[0003] In mechanized planting operations, the performance of the seed metering device directly affects the yield. Therefore, developing high-precision, high-efficiency seed metering devices is of great significance for the mechanization of corn planting.

[0004] Pneumatic seed metering devices have attracted widespread attention and research due to their advantages such as strong seed adaptability, excellent sowing effect, and no seed damage. Currently, pneumatic suction seed metering technology is relatively mature in China, achieving excellent sowing results at operating speeds below 14 km / h. However, as operating speeds increase further, pneumatic suction seed metering devices require special seed guiding devices to reduce drastic fluctuations in plant spacing caused by seed bouncing within the seed guide tube. In contrast, pneumatic pressure seed metering devices guide seeds rapidly through the seed tube under positive pressure airflow during the sowing stage, reducing seed-to-tube collisions and lowering the coefficient of variation in plant spacing. However, domestic pneumatic pressure seed metering devices are still in the early stages of research and development, and their sowing performance urgently needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the background technology, this invention provides a dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybeans. The technical solution includes: a front shell, a seed metering disc, a shaft, and a rear shell. A seed inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are located on the outer side of the front end plate. The seed inlet pipe connects the seed box and the lower part of the seed-carrying space, allowing seeds to enter the seed metering device through the seed inlet pipe. The air inlet pipe connects the circularly distributed air distribution holes of the front shell to a blower. The seed metering pipe connects to the seed-carrying space through a seed-guiding inlet, and its lower end is connected to a seed guide pipe. The front shell also includes a tapered speed-increasing baffle and an upper sidewall of the front shell. The seed-carrying space is formed by the seed-gathering baffle of the front shell, the seed-discharging tube of the front shell, the rear shell, and the front end plate of the front shell. The seed-discharging disc, which is fixed to the shaft, rotates periodically in the seed-carrying space. Several U-shaped groove suction holes are opened on the surface of the seed-discharging disc. The working sequence of the seed-carrying cycle of the U-shaped groove suction holes is: seed-gathering baffle, upper side wall, gradually narrowing speed-increasing baffle, and seed-discharging tube. The seed-gathering baffle is used to lift and gather the seed population, so that the seeds in the middle layer of the population are close to the U-shaped groove suction holes. The seed-pushing plate is fixed to the front shell. The main body of the seed-pushing plate is a grid plate, which is used to separate the seeds in the filling stage and the seed-dropping stage in the seed-carrying space.

[0006] The distance between the seed-gathering baffle and the U-shaped groove suction hole is 11.5mm, ensuring that slightly disturbed seeds are used as the main adsorbed seeds, thus improving the seed filling performance of the seed metering device.

[0007] There is a seed discharge port on the seed-gathering baffle.

[0008] The seed-gathering baffle has a lower circumferential sidewall on its radial outer side, which is integrally fixed to the upper circumferential sidewall to form a cylindrical wall. The seed discharge port has a sidewall that extends to the lower circumferential sidewall to form a seed discharge channel. The lower circumferential sidewall extends to the outer side of the tapered speed-increasing baffle, so that both ends are integrally fixed to the upper circumferential sidewall. The seed-blocking tray positioning hole and the seed-blocking tray mounting hole are connected by screws. The seed discharge port mates with the seed-blocking tray positioning boss. The buckle positioning hole and the buckle mounting hole are connected by screws. The buckle has a buckle groove. One side of the seed-blocking tray is placed in the buckle groove, and the other side of the seed-blocking tray is fixed by the seed-blocking tray mounting hole, thus achieving positioning of the seed-blocking tray from two directions. When it is necessary to actively remove the seeds inside the seed metering device, the buckle and the seed-blocking tray can be rotated in sequence to open the seed discharge port to complete the seed discharge.

[0009] The radial outer side of the U-shaped groove suction hole is provided with a seed suction notch, and all U-shaped groove suction holes are equidistant from the shaft.

[0010] The edge of the U-shaped groove suction hole is chamfered in the direction of the front housing.

[0011] The front housing includes: a seed inlet pipe, a baffle positioning groove, an air inlet pipe, a front housing mounting lug, a seed discharge pipe, a honeycomb semi-hole group for disturbing seeds, a mounting post on the seed pusher plate, a sealing ring mounting groove, a seed suction port, a lower mounting post on the seed pusher plate, a seed gathering baffle, a circular distribution air distribution hole group, a seed discharge port, a snap-fit ​​positioning hole, a seed scraper mounting post, a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole, a tapering speed-increasing baffle, an upper side wall, and a front end plate; wherein the seed inlet pipe, air inlet pipe, seed gathering baffle, upper side wall, and tapering speed-increasing baffle are all fixedly connected to the front end plate, and the front end plate is also provided with a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole, a front housing mounting lug, a honeycomb semi-hole group for disturbing seeds, a mounting post on the seed pusher plate, a sealing ring mounting groove, a lower mounting post on the seed pusher plate, a seed tray positioning hole, a circular distribution air distribution hole group, a snap-fit ​​positioning hole, a seed scraper mounting post, and a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole, wherein the seed gathering baffle, upper side wall, and tapering speed-increasing baffle are all located inside the front end plate;

[0012] One end of the gradually narrowing speed-increasing baffle is connected to the seed-inhaling port, and one end of the beam is connected to the side wall of the previous week.

[0013] The seed scraper is equipped with multiple stepped seed cleaning bosses, a right positioning hole and a left positioning hole. The left positioning hole is connected to the seed scraper mounting post by bolts. The right positioning hole and the oblong hole through which the seed scraper is mounted are connected by seed scraper positioning bolts. The angle of the seed scraper's travel trajectory relative to the U-shaped groove suction hole can be changed by the assembly position of the right positioning hole and the oblong hole.

[0014] The seed scraper is equipped with a sealing air baffle outside the waist-shaped mounting hole, and the seed scraper positioning bolt passes through the air baffle mounting hole in the center of the air baffle; the front housing is also provided with an air baffle positioning groove, and the air baffle is set in the air baffle positioning groove;

[0015] The seed-disturbing honeycomb semi-hole group is located on the inner wall of the front plate directly above the seed discharge pipe. The seed-disturbing honeycomb semi-hole group is used to generate turbulent airflow, thereby disturbing the adsorption of seeds during the seed falling stage, reducing the adsorption force of the seeds, and facilitating seed falling. The mounting column on the seed pusher plate is connected to the positioning hole on the seed pusher plate, and the mounting column under the seed pusher plate is connected to the positioning hole under the seed pusher plate. The sealing ring mounting groove is used to place the O-ring sealing ring. The guide suction port is used to assist the air blocking block to ensure the consistency of the seed falling position. Multiple stepped seed cleaning protrusions of different sizes are used to remove excess seeds adsorbed on the suction holes of the U-shaped groove.

[0016] The seed-pushing plate includes: a grid plate, a seed inlet, a second seed scraper, a seed-blocking wing plate, positioning holes on the seed-pushing plate, positioning holes below the seed-pushing plate, a seed orientation adjustment plate, and an anti-replanting protrusion. The seed stock is arranged so that it accumulates on the side of the grid plate closest to the seed inlet tube, preventing the seed stock from being directly discharged from the seed outlet under airflow and causing reseeding. The seed-blocking wing plate, seed orientation adjustment plate, second seed scraper, and anti-replanting protrusion are all integrally fixed to the grid plate. The seed-blocking wing plate and second seed scraper are located on the seed inlet tube side of the grid plate, while the seed orientation adjustment plate and anti-replanting protrusion are located on the seed outlet tube side of the grid plate. A seed inlet is opened at the top of the grid plate, allowing seeds pressed onto the seed outlet plate to pass through the seed-pushing plate to one side of the seed outlet tube.

[0017] The positioning holes on the seed pusher plate and the lower positioning holes on the seed pusher plate are respectively located in the middle and lower part of the grid plate. The seed pusher plate is bolted and fixed to the seed pusher plate mounting post and the lower positioning post on the front shell through the positioning holes on the seed pusher plate and the lower positioning post on the seed pusher plate, respectively. The second seed scraper and the anti-weight protrusion remove excess seeds from the suction hole during the seed cleaning stage. The seed baffle prevents the seed population from moving upward under the action of airflow and knocking down the adsorbed seeds. The seed attitude adjustment plate is used to control the seed falling posture and ensure that the seeds can fall in a straight line along the attitude adjustment plate during the seed falling stage.

[0018] The rear housing includes: a rear housing mounting lug, a seed metering device fixing plate, a bearing mounting stepped hole, a main airflow outlet, a wire ring buckle positioning hole, and a motor mounting base. The rear housing has a bearing mounting stepped hole at its center. The space inside the bearing mounting stepped hole is used to accommodate a first bearing, a bushing, and a second bearing. The inner ring of the first bearing, the bushing positioning hole of the bushing, and the inner ring of the second bearing are sequentially fitted onto the shaft. The bearing retainer ring set in the retainer ring mounting groove at the shaft end fits against the inner ring of the second bearing, and the shaft shoulder fits against the first bearing, thereby clamping the first bearing, the bushing, and the second bearing between the shaft shoulder and the bearing retainer ring.

[0019] The first boss at the shaft end is inserted into the seed metering disc shaft hole, and the seed metering disc mounting post is inserted into the seed metering disc positioning hole, thereby ensuring the circumferential positioning of the seed metering disc to drive the seed metering disc to rotate. A pin is inserted into the pin hole, thereby fixing the seed metering disc in the position between the pin hole and the shaft shoulder to ensure the axial positioning of the seed metering disc. The rear housing is provided with a main airflow outlet that penetrates the housing and is connected to the atmosphere.

[0020] The rear housing is integrally fixed to the outer circumferential side with a rear housing mounting lug. This lug is connected to the front housing mounting lug via wire ring clips, restricting the circumferential freedom of the front housing. The rear housing has two wire ring clip positioning holes, each bolted to a central positioning hole in a wire ring clip. Four clip connecting posts are fixed to the outer circumference of the front housing via the lugs. Two clip connecting posts form a group, with each post inserted into one end ring of the wire ring clip. The steel wire ring buckle restricts the relative axial freedom of the front and rear housings; multiple seed metering device fixing plates are integrally fixed to the rear housing, and the seed metering device fixing plates are fixed to the frame of the seed metering unit by bolts; the positioning hole of the air blocking block on the rear housing and the mounting hole of the air blocking block are connected by bolts; the upper end of the air blocking block is close to the travel trajectory of the back of the U-shaped groove suction hole, and the upper end face of the air blocking block is located above the seed metering tube, so that when the U-shaped groove suction hole travels to the air blocking block, it loses air pressure, and the seeds pressed on the U-shaped groove suction hole fall into the seed metering tube;

[0021] The motor housing is fixed to the motor mounting base, and the motor's power output shaft is directly connected to the second boss at the shaft end to drive the shaft and seed metering disc to rotate.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. This invention achieves overall elevation of the seed population position through a seed-aggregating baffle, bringing the seeds in the middle layer of the population closer to the U-shaped groove suction holes (seed metering disc suction holes). Compared to the upper and lower layer seeds, the middle layer seeds are slightly disturbed by airflow, exhibiting a certain degree of fluidity and preventing them from piling up. Simultaneously, their relative velocity with the seed metering disc is minimal, allowing the disc to more effectively adsorb seeds in this area, significantly improving the seed metering device's filling performance. This enables high-speed sowing of crops such as corn and soybeans, and is suitable for flat field plots. This structure utilizes the principle of pressure difference adsorption to achieve precise seed separation and stable transport, resulting in high operational efficiency, minimal seed damage, and stable plant spacing.

[0024] 2. The seed metering disc of the present invention agitates the seed population through chamfered U-shaped groove suction holes, enhancing the fluidity of the seed population. Under the agitation of the suction holes, the seeds acquire an initial velocity moving towards the suction holes, which is beneficial for seed adsorption.

[0025] 3. The air-blocking block boss of the present invention blocks the airflow through the suction hole during the seeding stage, causing the seeds to leave the suction hole and be quickly sucked in at the seed-guiding suction port, thus ensuring the consistency of the seeding position.

[0026] 4. The air baffle and O-ring of the present invention effectively improve the airtightness of the seed metering device, reduce its rated working air pressure, and achieve the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an exploded structural diagram of the dual-purpose high-speed precision pneumatic seed metering device for corn and soybeans of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front housing structure;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear axle view of the front housing.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air baffle.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seed scraper.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the seed-pushing plate.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the seeding tray;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the seeding tray;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a sectional view of the radial section of the seed metering disc;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the rear shell;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the rear axle view of the rear housing.

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft structure;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the steel wire ring buckle structure;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the bushing structure;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the air barrier block.

[0042] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the buckle structure;

[0043] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the seed-blocking tray.

[0044] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the high-speed precision pneumatic seed metering device for both corn and soybeans of the present invention.

[0045] Wherein: 1-Air baffle, 101-Air baffle mounting hole, 2-Front housing, 201-Seed inlet pipe, 202-Air baffle positioning groove, 203-Air inlet pipe, 204-Front housing mounting lug, 205-Seed discharge pipe, 206-Seed-disturbing honeycomb semi-hole group, 207-Seed pusher plate mounting post, 208-Sealing ring mounting groove, 209-Guide seed suction port, 2010-Seed pusher plate lower mounting post, 2011-Seed-gathering baffle, 2012-Seed baffle support plate positioning hole, 2013-Circular distribution air distribution hole group, 2014-Seed discharge port, 2015-Snap-on positioning hole, 20 16-Scraper mounting post; 2017-Scraper mounting waist-shaped hole; 2018-Gradual-increasing speed baffle; 2019-Upper week side wall; 2020-Lower week side wall; 2021-Front end plate; 2022-Snap-on connecting post; 3-Scraper; 301-Scraper left positioning hole; 302-Stepped seed cleaning boss; 303-Scraper right positioning hole; 4-Push plate; 401-Grid plate; 402-Seed passage; 403-Second scraper; 404-Seed baffle wing plate; 405-Push plate positioning hole; 406-Push plate lower positioning hole; 407-Seed orientation adjustment. Plate, 408-Anti-weight boss, 5-Seed metering disc, 501-Seed metering disc shaft hole, 502-U-shaped groove suction hole, 503-Seed metering disc positioning hole, 504-Seed metering disc boss, 5021-Seed suction notch, 6-Rear housing, 601-Rear housing mounting lug, 602-Seed metering device fixing plate, 603-Bearing mounting stepped hole, 604-Air baffle mounting groove, 605-Air baffle positioning hole, 606-Main airflow outlet, 607-Wire ring buckle positioning hole, 608-Motor mounting base, 7-Shaft, 701-Seed metering disc mounting column, 702-Shaft end first boss 703-Pin hole, 704-Shoulder, 705-Shaft end retaining ring mounting groove, 706-Shaft end second boss, 8-First bearing, 9-Wire ring snap fastener, 901-Wire ring snap fastener mounting hole, 10-Second bearing, 11-Shaft sleeve, 1101-Shaft sleeve positioning hole, 12-Air block, 1201-Air block boss, 1202-Air block mounting hole, 13-O-ring seal, 14-Snap fastener, 1401-Snap fastener mounting hole, 1402-Snap fastener groove, 15-Type stop plate, 1501-Type stop plate mounting hole, 1502-Type stop plate positioning boss. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 18The embodiment of the present invention shown includes: an air baffle 1, a front housing 2, a seed scraper 3, a seed pusher 4, a seed dispensing disc 5, a rear housing 6, a shaft 7, a first bearing 8, a wire ring buckle 9, a second bearing 10, a bushing 11, an air blocking block 12, an O-ring seal 13, a buckle 14, and a seed-blocking support plate 15; wherein, the front housing 2 has a tapered speed-increasing baffle 2018, a previous upper sidewall 2019, a seed-gathering baffle 2011, a seed dispensing pipe 205, a rear housing 6, and a front... The seed-carrying space enclosed by the end plate 2021, and the seed-discharging disc 5 fixed to the shaft 7 rotates periodically in the seed-carrying space; the surface of the seed-discharging disc 5 has several U-shaped groove suction holes 502, and all U-shaped groove suction holes 502 are equidistant from the shaft 7. The working sequence of each U-shaped groove suction hole 502 on the seed-discharging disc 5 for a single seed-carrying cycle is the seed-gathering baffle 2011, the upper side wall 2019, the gradually narrowing speed-increasing baffle 2018, and the seed-discharging tube 205; a seed-discharging port 2014 is opened on the seed-gathering baffle 2011;

[0048] The seed-gathering baffle 2011 is used to lift and gather the seed population, ensuring that slightly disturbed seeds are the main adsorbed seeds, thus improving the seed filling performance of the seed metering device. The distance between the seed-gathering baffle 2011 and the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 is 11.5mm.

[0049] The position of the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 away from the seed-gathering baffle 2011 during rotation is the designed height of seed accumulation in the seed-carrying space (usually depends on the highest position of the seed inlet tube 201 connected to the seed-carrying space); since the seed pusher plate 4 needs to be fixed below the upper side wall 2019, the distance between the seed-gathering baffle 2011 and the shaft 7 is less than the distance between the upper side wall 2019 and the shaft 7.

[0050] In this embodiment, the radial outer side of the seed-gathering baffle 2011 is provided with a lower circumferential sidewall 2020, which is integrally fixed to the upper circumferential sidewall 2019 to form a cylindrical wall; the seed discharge port 2014 has a sidewall and extends to the lower circumferential sidewall 2020 to form a seed discharge channel; the lower circumferential sidewall 2020 extends to the outer side of the tapering speed-increasing baffle 2018 so that both ends are integrally fixed to the upper circumferential sidewall 2019.

[0051] The U-shaped groove suction hole 502 has a seed suction notch 5021 on its radial outer side. Compared with the traditional circular hole, the airflow channel of the U-shaped groove is smoother, which is conducive to the movement of seeds to the suction hole. At the same time, it is also conducive to reducing turbulence and reducing energy consumption. In this embodiment, there are 25 uniformly arranged U-shaped groove suction holes 502. The radius of the inner semi-circular arc of the U-shaped suction hole is 2.5mm. The straight length of one side of the seed suction notch 5021 is 5mm. A 2mm chamfer is set on the side of the edge of the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 facing the front housing 2. Since the suction hole is concave in shape, it is conducive to the movement of seeds to the suction hole, which enhances the seed suction capacity of the seed metering device.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The front housing 2 shown includes: a seed inlet pipe 201, an air baffle positioning groove 202, an air inlet pipe 203, a front housing mounting lug 204, a seed discharge pipe 205, a seed-dispersing honeycomb semi-hole group 206, a seed-pushing plate mounting post 207, a sealing ring mounting groove 208, a seed-guiding suction port 209, a seed-pushing plate lower mounting post 2010, a seed-gathering baffle 2011, a seed-blocking support plate positioning hole 2012, a circular distribution air distribution hole group 2013, a seed discharge port 2014, a snap-fit ​​positioning hole 2015, a seed scraper mounting post 2016, a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole 2017, a gradually narrowing speed-increasing baffle 2018, an upper side wall 2019, and a front end plate 2021;

[0053] The seed inlet pipe 201, air inlet pipe 203, seed gathering baffle 2011, upper side wall 2019, and gradually narrowing speed-increasing baffle 2018 are all fixedly connected to the front end plate 2021. The front end plate 2021 is also provided with a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole, a front housing mounting lug 204, a honeycomb half-hole group for blocking interference seeds 206, a seed pusher mounting column 207, a sealing ring mounting groove 208, a seed pusher lower mounting column 2010, a seed tray positioning hole 2012, a circular distribution air distribution hole group 2013, a snap-on positioning hole 2015, a seed scraper mounting column 2016, and a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole 2017. The seed inlet pipe 201 and air inlet pipe 203 are located on the outside of the front end plate 2021, while the seed gathering baffle 2011, upper side wall 2019, and gradually narrowing speed-increasing baffle 2018 are all located on the inside of the front end plate 2021.

[0054] The horizontal distance between the center of the circular distribution air distribution hole group 2013 and the center of the front end plate 2021 is 25mm. The circular distribution air distribution hole group can disperse the large flow of positive pressure air from the fan into the internal chamber of the seed meterer, avoiding excessive boiling of the seed population caused by the airflow being too concentrated and blowing directly on the seed population.

[0055] The seed inlet pipe 201 connects the seed box and the lower part of the seed-carrying space, and the seeds enter the seed metering device through the seed inlet pipe 201; the air inlet pipe 203 connects the circular distribution air distribution hole group 2013 and the fan (air source), thereby blowing positive pressure airflow into the seed-carrying space, and then discharging it from the main airflow outlet 606 of the rear shell 6, ensuring that the seed metering device can achieve normal function; the seed metering pipe 205 is connected to the seed-carrying space through the seed guide suction port 209, so one end of the tapered speed-increasing baffle 2018 is connected to the seed guide suction port 209 (the other end is connected to the upper side wall 2019).

[0056] The lower end of the seed metering tube 205 is connected to the seed guide tube to complete the seed transport from the seed leaving the suction hole to entering the seed metering tube path;

[0057] The seed scraper 3 is equipped with multiple stepped seed cleaning protrusions 302, a right positioning hole 303, and a left positioning hole 301. The left positioning hole 301 is bolted to the seed scraper mounting post 2016. The right positioning hole 303 and the oblong mounting hole 2017 are connected by seed scraper positioning bolts. The angle of the seed scraper 3 relative to the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 can be changed by adjusting the assembly position of the right positioning hole 303 and the oblong mounting hole 2017. The multiple stepped seed cleaning protrusions 302 are of different sizes to remove excess seeds sucked onto the U-shaped groove suction hole 502.

[0058] The seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole 2017 is provided with an air baffle 1 for sealing. The seed scraper positioning bolt passes through the air baffle mounting hole 101 in the center of the air baffle 1. The front housing 2 is also provided with an air baffle positioning groove 202. The air baffle 1 is set in the air baffle positioning groove 202 to better ensure the air baffle effect.

[0059] The seed-disturbing honeycomb semi-hole group 206 is located on the inner wall of the front end plate 2021 directly above the seed discharge pipe 205. The seed-disturbing honeycomb semi-hole group 206 is used to generate turbulent airflow, thereby disturbing the adsorption of seeds during the seed falling stage, reducing the adsorption force of the seeds, and facilitating seed falling. The seed-pushing plate mounting column 207 is connected to the positioning hole 405 on the seed-pushing plate, and the seed-pushing plate lower mounting column 2010 is connected to the positioning hole 406 on the seed-pushing plate, realizing the installation and positioning of the seed-pushing plate. The sealing ring mounting groove 208 is used to place the O-ring 13. During the process of fastening the front shell 2 and the rear shell 6, the O-ring 13 is compressed to ensure a reliable seal between the installation gaps of the front and rear shells. The seed-guiding suction port 209 is used to assist the air-blocking block. 12. Ensure consistency in seed placement; the seed-blocking tray positioning hole 2012 and the seed-blocking tray mounting hole 1501 are connected by screws, the seed unloading port 2014 cooperates with the seed-blocking positioning boss 1502, and the buckle positioning hole 2015 is connected with the buckle mounting port 1401 of the buckle 14 by screws. The buckle 14 is provided with a buckle groove 1402. One side of the seed-blocking tray 15 is placed in the buckle groove 1402, and the other side of the seed-blocking tray 15 is fixed by the seed-blocking tray mounting hole 1501, thus achieving positioning of the seed-blocking tray 15 from two directions; when it is necessary to actively unload the seeds inside the seed metering device, the buckle 14 and the seed-blocking tray 15 can be rotated in sequence to open the seed unloading port to complete the seed unloading.

[0060] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the rear housing 6 includes: a rear housing mounting lug 601, a seed metering device fixing plate 602, a bearing mounting stepped hole 603, an air blocking block mounting groove 604, an air blocking block positioning hole 605, a main airflow outlet 606, a wire ring buckle positioning hole 607, and a motor mounting base 608. The rear housing 6 has a bearing mounting stepped hole 603 at its center. The space inside the bearing mounting stepped hole 603 is used to accommodate the first bearing 8, the bushing 11, and the second bearing 10. The inner ring of the first bearing 8, the bushing positioning hole 1101 of the bushing 11, and the inner ring of the second bearing 10 are sequentially fitted onto the shaft 7. The bearing retainer (not shown in the figure) set in the shaft end retainer mounting groove 705 is in contact with the inner ring of the second bearing 10. The shaft shoulder 704 is in contact with the first bearing 8, thereby clamping the first bearing 8, the bushing 11, and the second bearing 10 between the shaft shoulder 704 and the bearing retainer.

[0061] The first boss 702 at the shaft end is inserted into the seed metering disc shaft hole 501, and the seed metering disc mounting post 701 is inserted into the seed metering disc positioning hole 503, thereby ensuring the circumferential positioning of the seed metering disc 5 to drive the seed metering disc 5 to rotate. A pin is inserted into the pin hole 703, thereby fixing the seed metering disc 5 in the position between the pin hole 703 and the shaft shoulder 704 to ensure the axial positioning of the seed metering disc 5.

[0062] A rear housing mounting lug 601 is integrally fixed to the outer circumferential side of the rear housing 6. The rear housing mounting lug 601 is fixed to the front housing mounting lug 204 by a wire ring buckle, which restricts the circumferential freedom of the front housing 2. Two wire ring buckle positioning holes 607 are opened on the rear housing 6. The two wire ring buckle mounting holes 901 are respectively fixed to the wire ring buckle positioning hole 607 in the middle of a wire ring buckle 9 by bolts. Four buckle connecting posts 2022 are fixed to the outer circumference of the front housing 2 by the lugs. Two buckle connecting posts 2022 form a group. Each buckle connecting post 2022 is inserted into one end ring of the wire ring buckle 9. The two wire ring buckles 9 restrict the relative movement of the front housing 2 and the rear housing 6. The axial degree of freedom; multiple seed metering device fixing plates 602 are integrally fixed to the rear housing 6, and the seed metering device fixing plates 602 are fixed to the frame of the seed metering unit by bolts; the air block positioning hole 605 on the rear housing 6 and the air block mounting hole 1202 on the air block 12 are connected by bolts, and the main body of the air block 12 is stuck in the air block mounting groove 604 to prevent displacement; the upper end of the air block 12 is close to the travel trajectory of the back of the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 (facing the rear housing 6), and the upper end face of the air block 12 is located above the seed metering tube 205, so that when the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 travels to the air block 12, it loses air pressure, and the seeds pressed on the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 fall into the seed metering tube 205;

[0063] The rear housing 6 is provided with a main airflow outlet 606 that penetrates the housing. The main airflow outlet 606 is connected to the atmosphere, ensuring that there is a certain pressure difference on both sides of the U-shaped groove suction hole 502, so that the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 can complete the seed adsorption. The motor housing is fixed to the motor mounting base 608, and the motor power output shaft is directly connected to the second boss 706 at the shaft end to drive the shaft 7 and the seed metering disc 5 to rotate.

[0064] like Figure 6 The seed-pushing plate 4 shown includes: a grid plate 401, a seed inlet 402, a second seed scraper 403, a seed-blocking wing plate 404, a positioning hole 405 on the seed-pushing plate, a positioning hole 406 on the lower part of the seed-pushing plate, a seed orientation adjustment plate 407, and an anti-replanting boss 408. The grid plate 401, as the main body of the seed-pushing plate 4, is used to separate the seeds during the filling and falling stages within the seed-carrying space, causing the seed population to accumulate on the side of the grid plate 401 near the seed inlet pipe 201, preventing the seed population from being directly discharged from the seed outlet under airflow and causing reseeding. The seed wing plate 404, seed orientation plate 407, second seed scraper 403, and anti-weight protrusion 408 are all integrally fixed to the grid plate 401. The seed wing plate 404 and the second seed scraper 403 are located on one side of the seed inlet tube 201 of the grid plate 401, and the seed orientation plate 407 and the anti-weight protrusion 408 are located on one side of the seed discharge tube 205 of the grid plate 401. The upper part of the grid plate 401 has a seed passage 402, which is used to allow the seeds pressed on the seed discharge tray 5 to pass through the seed pusher plate 4 to one side of the seed discharge tube.

[0065] The positioning holes 405 and 406 on the seed pusher plate are respectively located in the middle and lower part of the grid plate 401. The seed pusher plate 4 is bolted and fixed to the seed pusher plate mounting post 207 and the seed pusher plate mounting post 2010 of the front housing 2 through the positioning holes 405 and 406 on the seed pusher plate and the seed pusher plate mounting post 2010, respectively. The second seed scraper 403 and the anti-weight protrusion 408 remove excess seeds on the suction holes during the seed cleaning stage, ensuring that only a single seed is adsorbed on each suction hole. The seed baffle wing plate 404 prevents the seed population from moving upward under the action of airflow and knocking down the adsorbed seeds. The seed attitude adjustment plate 407 is used to adjust the seed falling posture, and at the same time ensures that the seeds can fall in a straight line along the attitude adjustment plate 407 during the seed falling stage.

[0066] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0067] Shaft 7 is directly connected to the motor shaft via a coupling, and the motor drives it to rotate clockwise. This rotational motion is transmitted to the seed metering disc 5 through the seed metering disc mounting column 701.

[0068] Positive pressure airflow enters the seed metering device through the air inlet pipe 203 of the front housing 2. After the accumulated seeds are lifted by the seed gathering baffle 2011, the disturbance resistance generated during accumulation is reduced. The seeds are pressed onto the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 by the airflow and rotate clockwise with the seed metering disc 5.

[0069] When the seeds rotate with the seed metering disc 5 to the position of the seed scraper 3, the first stage of seed cleaning begins. At this time, the seeds come into contact with the stepped seed cleaning protrusions of the seed scraper 3, removing the excess seeds adsorbed on the U-shaped groove suction hole 502.

[0070] As the seed metering disc 5 continues to rotate, the seeds that have completed the first stage of seed cleaning will come into contact with the second seed scraper 403 and the anti-re-adhesion protrusion 408 of the seed pushing plate 4, further removing the re-adhesive seeds remaining after seed cleaning, completing the entire seed cleaning stage, and ensuring the precise adsorption of a single seed.

[0071] After cleaning, the individual seeds continue to rotate with the seed metering disc 5, and the seed orientation adjustment plate 407 adjusts the seed's adsorption posture. When the seed reaches the air-blocking protrusion 1201, the seed-adsorption airflow is blocked. At the same time, due to the effect of the seed-disturbing honeycomb semi-hole group 206, the seed is quickly sucked into the guide suction port 209 at the designed drop position and discharged from the seed metering device, completing the entire process of precise transportation of a single seed. This type of seed metering device maintains high speed in air-suction seed metering while maintaining the seed drop gap between various types, ensuring the consistency of subsequent seed placement positions.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose (corn and soybean) pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device, comprising: The front shell (2), seed metering disc (5), shaft (7) and rear shell (6), the seed inlet pipe (201) and the air inlet pipe (203) are located outside the front end plate (2021). The seed inlet pipe (201) connects the seed box and the lower part of the seed carrying space. Seeds enter the seed metering device through the seed inlet pipe (201). The air inlet pipe (203) connects the circular distribution air distribution hole group (2013) of the front shell (2) and the fan. The seed metering pipe (205) is connected to the seed carrying space through the seed guide suction port (209). The lower end of the seed metering pipe (205) is connected to the seed guide pipe. The characteristic feature is that the tapered speed-increasing baffle (2021) of the front shell (2) is... 18) The seed-carrying space is formed by the upper sidewall (2019) of the front shell (2), the seed-gathering baffle (2011) of the front shell (2), the seed-discharging tube (205) of the front shell (2), the rear shell (6) and the front end plate (2021) of the front shell (2). The seed-discharging disc (5) fixed to the shaft (7) rotates periodically in the seed-carrying space. Several U-shaped groove suction holes (502) are opened on the disc surface of the seed-discharging disc (5). The working sequence of the seed-carrying working cycle of the U-shaped groove suction holes (502) is the seed-gathering baffle (2011), the upper sidewall (2019), the gradually narrowing speed-increasing baffle (2018) and the seed-discharging tube (205). The seed-gathering baffle (2011) is used to lift and gather the seed population, so that the seeds in the middle layer of the population are close to the U-shaped groove suction hole (502); the seed-pushing plate (4) is fixed to the front shell (2), and the main body of the seed-pushing plate (4) is a grid plate (401), which is used to separate the seeds in the filling stage and the seed-falling stage in the seed-carrying space; the seed-gathering baffle (2011) is fixed to the front end plate (2021), and the seed-gathering baffle (2011) is located inside the front end plate (2021); the distance between the seed-gathering baffle (2011) and the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) is 11.5mm.

2. The dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, A seed discharge port (2014) is provided on the seed cluster baffle (2011).

3. A dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybeans according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seed-gathering baffle (2011) has a lower circumferential sidewall (2020) on its radially outer side. The lower circumferential sidewall (2020) and the upper circumferential sidewall (2019) are integrally fixed to form a cylindrical wall. The seed discharge port (2014) has a sidewall and extends to the lower circumferential sidewall (2020) to form a seed discharge channel. The lower circumferential sidewall (2020) extends to the outer side of the tapering and speed-increasing baffle (2018) so that both ends are integrally fixed to the upper circumferential sidewall (2019). The seed-holding tray positioning hole (2012) and the seed-holding tray mounting hole (1501) are connected by screws. The seed discharge port (2014) and the seed-holding tray positioning hole are connected by screws. The boss (1502) is engaged, and the buckle positioning hole (2015) and the buckle mounting port (1401) of the buckle (14) are connected by screws. The buckle (14) is provided with a buckle groove (1402). One side of the seed-blocking plate (15) is placed in the buckle groove (1402), and the other side of the seed-blocking plate (15) is fixed by the seed-blocking plate mounting hole (1501). The seed-blocking plate (15) is positioned from two directions. When it is necessary to actively remove the seeds inside the seed metering device, the buckle (14) and the seed-blocking plate (15) can be rotated in sequence to open the seed unloading port to complete the seed unloading.

4. A dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial outer side of the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) is provided with a seed suction notch (5021), and all U-shaped groove suction holes (502) are at the same distance from the shaft (7).

5. A dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybeans according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The edge of the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) is chamfered in the direction of the front housing (2).

6. A dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front housing (2) includes: a seed inlet pipe (201), a baffle plate positioning groove (202), an air inlet pipe (203), a front housing mounting lug (204), a seed discharge pipe (205), a seed-dispersing honeycomb semi-hole group (206), a seed-pushing plate mounting post (207), a sealing ring mounting groove (208), a seed-guiding suction port (209), a seed-pushing plate lower mounting post (2010), a circular distribution air distribution hole group (2013), a seed discharge port (2014), a snap-fit ​​positioning hole (2015), a seed scraper mounting post (2016), a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole (2017), a gradually narrowing speed-increasing baffle (2018), an upper side wall (2019), and a front end plate (2021); wherein the seed inlet pipe (201) and the air inlet pipe (203) are... The side wall (2019) and the tapered speed-increasing baffle (2018) are fixed to the front plate (2021). The front plate (2021) is also provided with a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole, a front shell mounting lug (204), a honeycomb half-hole group for blocking interference (206), a post on the seed pusher plate (207), a sealing ring mounting groove (208), a post on the lower part of the seed pusher plate (2010), a seed tray positioning hole (2012), a circular distribution air distribution hole group (2013), a buckle positioning hole (2015), a seed scraper mounting post (2016), and a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole (2017). Among them, the side wall (2019) and the tapered speed-increasing baffle (2018) are located on the inner side of the front plate (2021). One end of the tapering speed-increasing baffle (2018) is connected to the seed-inhaling port (209), and the other end is connected to the side wall (2019) of the previous week; The seed scraper (3) is provided with multiple stepped seed cleaning bosses (302), a right positioning hole (303) and a left positioning hole (301). The left positioning hole (301) is connected to the seed scraper mounting post (2016) by bolts. The right positioning hole (303) and the waist-shaped hole (2017) passing through the seed scraper mounting post are connected by seed scraper positioning bolts. The angle of the seed scraper (3) relative to the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) can be changed by the assembly position of the right positioning hole (303) and the waist-shaped hole (2017). The seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole (2017) is provided with a baffle plate (1) for sealing. The seed scraper positioning bolt passes through the baffle plate mounting hole (101) in the center of the baffle plate (1). The front housing (2) is also provided with a baffle plate positioning groove (202), and the baffle plate (1) is set in the baffle plate positioning groove (202). The seed-disturbing honeycomb semi-hole group (206) is set on the inner wall of the front end plate (2021) directly above the seed discharge pipe (205). The seed-disturbing honeycomb semi-hole group (206) is used to generate disturbed airflow, thereby disturbing the adsorption of seeds during the seed dropping stage, reducing the adsorption force of the seeds, and facilitating seed dropping. The mounting column (207) on the seed pusher plate is connected to the positioning hole (405) on the seed pusher plate, and the mounting column (2010) under the seed pusher plate is connected to the positioning hole (406) under the seed pusher plate. The sealing ring mounting groove (208) is used to place the O-ring sealing ring (13). The seed guide suction port (209) is used to assist the air blocking block (12) to ensure the consistency of the seed dropping position. The multiple stepped seed cleaning protrusions (302) are of different sizes and remove excess seeds adsorbed on the U-shaped groove suction hole (502).

7. A dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed pusher plate (4) includes: a grid plate (401), a seed inlet (402), a second seed scraper (403), a seed-blocking wing plate (404), a positioning hole on the seed pusher plate (405), a positioning hole on the lower part of the seed pusher plate (406), a seed orientation adjustment plate (407), and an anti-replanting boss (408). The seed population is arranged to accumulate on the side of the grid plate (401) near the seed inlet pipe (201), preventing the seed population from being directly discharged from the seed outlet under airflow, thus avoiding reseeding. The seed-blocking wing plate (404), the seed orientation adjustment plate (407), and the second seed scraper (408) are designed to prevent seed reseeding. 3) Both the anti-weight protrusion (408) and the grid plate (401) are integrally fixed. The seed-blocking wing plate (404) and the second seed scraper (403) are located on one side of the seed inlet tube (201) of the grid plate (401), and the seed orientation plate (407) and the anti-weight protrusion (408) are located on one side of the seed discharge tube (205) of the grid plate (401). The upper part of the grid plate (401) has a seed passage (402), which is used to allow the seeds pressed on the seed discharge tray (5) to pass through the seed pusher plate (4) to one side of the seed discharge tube. The positioning holes (405) on the seed pusher plate and the positioning holes (406) on the lower part of the seed pusher plate are respectively located in the middle and lower part of the grid plate (401). The seed pusher plate (4) is bolted and fixed to the seed pusher plate mounting post (207) and the seed pusher plate mounting post (2010) of the front shell (2) through the positioning holes (405) on the seed pusher plate and the positioning holes (406) on the lower part of the seed pusher plate. The second seed scraper (403) and the anti-weight protrusion (408) remove excess seeds on the suction hole during the seed cleaning stage. The seed blocking wing plate (404) prevents the seed population from moving upward under the action of airflow and knocking down the adsorbed seeds. The seed attitude adjustment plate (407) is used to adjust the seed falling posture and ensure that the seeds in the falling stage can fall straight down along the attitude adjustment plate (407).

8. A dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybeans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear housing (6) includes: a rear housing mounting lug (601), a seed metering device fixing plate (602), a bearing mounting stepped hole (603), a main airflow outlet (606), a wire ring buckle positioning hole (607), and a motor mounting base (608). The rear housing (6) has a bearing mounting stepped hole (603) at its center. The space inside the bearing mounting stepped hole (603) is used to accommodate the first bearing (8), the bushing (11), and the second bearing (10). The inner ring of the first bearing (8), the bushing positioning hole (1101) of the bushing (11), and the inner ring of the second bearing (10) are sequentially fitted onto the shaft (7). The bearing retainer ring set in the shaft end retainer ring mounting groove (705) fits against the inner ring of the second bearing (10), and the shaft shoulder (704) fits against the first bearing (8), thereby clamping the first bearing (8), the bushing (11), and the second bearing (10) between the shaft shoulder (704) and the bearing retainer ring. The first boss (702) at the shaft end is inserted into the seed metering disc shaft hole (501), and the seed metering disc mounting post (701) is inserted into the seed metering disc positioning hole (503) to perform circumferential positioning of the seed metering disc (5); a pin is inserted into the pin hole (703) to fix the seed metering disc (5) between the pin hole (703) and the shaft shoulder (704) to ensure the axial positioning of the seed metering disc (5); the rear housing (6) is provided with a main airflow outlet (606) that penetrates the housing and is connected to the atmosphere.

9. A dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybeans according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rear housing (6) is integrally fixed to the outer circumferential side with a rear housing mounting lug (601). The rear housing mounting lug (601) and the front housing mounting lug (204) are fixed together by wire ring buckles, which restricts the circumferential freedom of the front housing (2). The rear housing (6) has two wire ring buckle positioning holes (607). The two wire ring buckle mounting holes (901) are respectively fixed to the wire ring buckle positioning hole (607) in the middle of a wire ring buckle (9) by bolts. The four buckle connecting posts (2022) are fixed to the outer circumference of the front housing (2) by the lugs. The two buckle connecting posts (2022) are a group. Each buckle connecting post (2022) is inserted into one end ring of the wire ring buckle (9). (9) Restricts the relative axial degrees of freedom of the front shell (2) and the rear shell (6); multiple seed metering fixing plates (602) are integrally fixed to the rear shell (6), and the seed metering fixing plates (602) are fixed to the frame of the seed metering unit by bolts; the air block positioning hole (605) on the rear shell (6) and the air block mounting hole (1202) on the air block (12) are connected by bolts; the upper end of the air block (12) is close to the travel trajectory of the back of the U-shaped groove suction hole (502), and the upper end face of the air block (12) is located above the seed metering tube (205), so that when the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) travels to the air block (12), it loses air pressure, and the seeds pressed on the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) fall into the seed metering tube (205); The motor housing is fixed to the motor mounting base (608), and the motor power output shaft is directly connected to the second boss (706) at the shaft end to drive the shaft (7) and the seeding disc (5) to rotate.

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