A teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale

Abstract

The present invention discloses a teaching experiment device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale, comprising: an experiment box, a cover rotatably mounted above the experiment box; a plurality of placement slots are provided above the experiment box, and the chromatography column is placed inside the placement slots; a pressure touch module is provided at the bottom of the placement slot, and a temperature control component is provided on the inner side wall of one side of the placement slot, which drives the temperature control component to move laterally to fit the first drive component of the chromatography column; the present invention avoids the need for students to operate multiple devices separately by integrating the temperature control component, ultrasonic component, visual monitoring component and pressure touch module. Through the control module, the temperature control component, ultrasonic component and visual monitoring component can move toward the chromatography column separately or synchronously, adjust and fit the outer surface of the chromatography column for precise operation, on the one hand fixing the chromatography column in the middle, and on the other hand ensuring that each component remains fully fitted with the chromatography column.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale, and belongs to the technical field of teaching experimental equipment. Background Art

[0002] The Dendrobium Officinale Polysaccharide Extraction and Concentration Teaching Experimental Device is a device specifically designed for polysaccharide extraction and concentration in a teaching environment. This device typically focuses on ease of operation, safety, and intuitive teaching methods to help students better understand and master the polysaccharide extraction and concentration experimental process.

[0003] Dendrobium candidum is a traditional Chinese medicine rich in polysaccharides. Its polysaccharides have a wide range of applications in medicine and healthcare. They enhance immune function by boosting the activity of white blood cells, promoting the immune system and helping to resist the invasion of external pathogens. Their polysaccharide components can inhibit the production of free radicals, exerting anti-aging and antioxidant effects, helping to protect body cells from oxidative damage. Under certain conditions, Dendrobium candidum polysaccharides can inhibit the growth of tumor cells and have potential anti-tumor effects. Dendrobium candidum polysaccharides are believed to have hepatoprotective properties, helping to repair liver damage and promote liver health. Because they are rich in nutrients and active substances, Dendrobium candidum polysaccharides are used in some health foods to improve physical strength, endurance, and vitality.

[0004] In the traditional teaching of polysaccharide extraction from Dendrobium officinale, students need to manually operate multiple devices. The steps involved are cumbersome and the parameter control of each step is relatively difficult. Especially in the early stages of teaching, students need to gradually learn and master the operating procedures and parameter adjustments of each device. During the operation, not only do they need to accurately control multiple factors such as temperature, pressure, ultrasonic output, and visual monitoring, but they also need to ensure the coordination between the various devices. These operations are cumbersome and time-consuming, making it difficult for students to fully master the operating skills in a short period of time, and the teaching cycle is correspondingly extended. At the same time, the complexity of the equipment and the difficulty of operation also increase the teaching burden, which may cause students to have difficulties in understanding and operation during the learning process, thereby affecting teaching efficiency and learning outcomes.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a teaching experimental equipment for extracting Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides that simplifies the operation process and improves the coordination and automation level of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a teaching experimental equipment for extracting Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides to solve the problems of the existing technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale, comprising:

[0009] An experimental box, a cover rotatably mounted on top of the experimental box;

[0010] A plurality of placement slots are provided above the experimental box, and the chromatography columns are placed inside the placement slots;

[0011] A pressure touch module is provided at the bottom of the placement tank, and a temperature control component is provided on the inner side wall of one side of the placement tank, and a first drive component drives the temperature control component to move laterally to fit the chromatography column;

[0012] an ultrasonic component disposed on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove, and a second driving component driving the ultrasonic component to move laterally to fit the chromatography column;

[0013] a visual monitoring component disposed on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove, and a third driving component driving the visual monitoring component to move laterally to fit the chromatography column;

[0014] a control module electrically connected to the first drive assembly, the second drive assembly, the third drive assembly, the temperature control assembly, the pressure touch module, the visual monitoring assembly, and the ultrasonic assembly;

[0015] By inserting the chromatography column into the placement slot and contacting it with the pressure touch module, the pressure touch module feeds back the insertion status to the control module:

[0016] The control module controls the first drive assembly, the second drive assembly, and the third drive assembly to respectively control the visual monitoring assembly, the ultrasonic assembly, and the temperature control assembly to move synchronously toward the chromatography column and adhere to the outer surface of the chromatography column;

[0017] The control module cooperates with the temperature control component to control the working temperature of the chromatography column, the control module cooperates with the ultrasonic component to output ultrasonic waves in a direction toward the chromatography column, and the control module cooperates with the visual communication module to monitor the reaction state of the chromatography column.

[0018] As a further improvement, the output end of the first drive assembly is provided with a first mounting plate;

[0019] The temperature control assembly includes a plurality of arc-shaped pieces arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column, the arc-shaped pieces are embedded on the side of the first mounting plate facing the chromatography column, and a plurality of first heating pieces are embedded on the side of the arc-shaped piece facing the chromatography column, and the first heating pieces are electrically connected to the control module;

[0020] The chromatography columns at different heights are heated by cooperating with the first heating plate through the arc-shaped plates at different heights.

[0021] As a further improvement, it further comprises a plurality of second heating plates embedded in and mounted on a side of the arc-shaped plate away from the chromatography column, wherein the second heating plates are electrically connected to the control module;

[0022] The water inputted into the placement tank is heated by the second heating plate.

[0023] As a further improvement, a second mounting plate is provided at the output end of the second drive assembly; the ultrasonic assembly includes a plurality of ultrasonic generators arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column, the ultrasonic generators are embedded in the second mounting plate on the side facing the chromatography column, the ultrasonic generators are electrically connected to the control module, and ultrasonic waves are sent toward the chromatography column through the cooperation of the control module and the ultrasonic generator.

[0024] As a further improvement, the output end of the third drive assembly is provided with a third mounting plate;

[0025] The visual monitoring assembly includes a plurality of cameras arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column, and a plurality of the cameras are embedded on the side of the third mounting plate facing the chromatography column:

[0026] The reaction status of the chromatography column is monitored by the cameras at different heights.

[0027] As a further improvement, it also includes a flexible kit set on the outer ring of the camera, which fits the chromatography column through the flexible kit to form an isolation space for the camera inside.

[0028] As a further improvement, it further includes a water inlet and a water outlet provided below the placement tank, and a solenoid valve group for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet and the water outlet, wherein the solenoid valve group is electrically connected to the control module;

[0029] The control module cooperates with the electromagnetic valve group to control the water inlet / outlet status in the placement tank.

[0030] As a further improvement, the solenoid valve group includes a first solenoid valve for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet and a second solenoid valve for controlling the opening / closing state of the water outlet, and the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve of the control module group are electrically connected.

[0031] As a further improvement, the first drive assembly, the second drive assembly, and the third drive assembly all use telescopic guide rod motors.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] By integrating temperature control components, ultrasonic components, visual monitoring components, and pressure touch modules, the present invention avoids the need for students to operate multiple devices separately. Each component can perform its own function in the same experimental box, reducing the complexity of student operations.

[0034] The pressure-sensitive touch module provides feedback on the column's insertion status, ensuring accurate column placement. This reduces manual intervention and avoids experimental failures caused by improper operation in traditional teaching. Once the column is inserted, the control module allows the temperature control component, ultrasonic component, and visual monitoring component to move toward the column individually or simultaneously, adjusting and fitting the column's outer surface for precise operation. This not only secures the column in place, but also ensures that each component maintains a full fit.

[0035] Through the precise collaboration of the control module and temperature control components, as well as the pressure touch module and ultrasonic components, the column's operating temperature, pressure, and ultrasonic output can be stably controlled, and flexibly set according to teaching needs. Students no longer need to manually adjust these parameters, reducing errors and operational difficulty.

[0036] Among them, in the temperature control component, a first heating plate is set at different heights of the chromatography column, which can directly heat the chromatography column, and a second heating plate is set to directly heat the water in contact with the outer side of the chromatography column to achieve water bath experimental conditions.

[0037] The reaction status of the chromatography column is observed in real time through the visual monitoring component, and the system feeds back real-time data through the control module. Students can view the experimental progress on an external screen without having to interrupt the experiment for on-site inspection, which improves the accuracy and efficiency of experimental operations.

[0038] Compared to the advantages of existing equipment, traditional teaching requires students to master the operation and adjustment of each device one by one. However, this device greatly simplifies the operation process through integration and automated control, allowing students to focus more on the core steps and principles of the experiment, shortening the learning cycle. Because the operation steps are automated and precisely controlled, students can conduct experiments more quickly during the teaching process, reducing the time spent on manual operation, allowing them to complete more experimental tasks and improving teaching effectiveness.

[0039] Through integrated, automated control design, the teaching process for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale has been significantly simplified, providing higher experimental efficiency and precision while effectively overcoming the tedious and difficult coordination issues associated with traditional equipment. Compared to existing equipment, this solution offers a high degree of automation, simple operation, and excellent coordination, significantly improving teaching quality and efficiency. This effectively addresses the challenges of tedious operation, difficult equipment coordination, and lengthy operation times inherent in traditional teaching, improving teaching efficiency and operational controllability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale.

[0042] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a chromatography column placement process of a teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale.

[0043] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a top view of the internal structure of a teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale.

[0044] Figure 4 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the front side of a temperature control component of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the back surface of a temperature control component of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 It is a partially enlarged schematic side view of a visual monitoring component of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 It is a partially enlarged schematic side view of an ultrasonic component of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the connection modules of a teaching experiment equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale.

[0049] Figure numerals: 1. experimental box; 2. cover; 3. placement slot; 31. chromatography column; 4. temperature control component; 41. first drive component; 42. first mounting plate; 43. arc-shaped plate; 44. first heating plate; 45. second heating plate; 5. ultrasonic component; 51. second drive component; 52. second mounting plate; 53. ultrasonic generator; 6. visual monitoring component; 61. third drive component; 62. third mounting plate; 63. camera; 64. flexible kit; 65. isolation space; 7. control module; 71. display screen; 72. image processing module; 8. pressure touch module; 11. water inlet; 12. water outlet; 14. second solenoid valve; 13. first solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0052] Reference Figure 1-8 As shown, a teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale includes:

[0053] An experimental box 1, and a cover 2 rotatably mounted on the experimental box 1;

[0054] A plurality of placement slots 3 are provided above the experimental box 1, and the chromatography column 31 is placed inside the placement slots 3;

[0055] A pressure touch module 8 is provided at the bottom of the placement tank 3, and a temperature control component 4 is provided on the inner side wall of one side of the placement tank 3, and a first driving component 41 drives the temperature control component 4 to move laterally to fit the chromatography column 31;

[0056] An ultrasonic component 5 is provided on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove 3, and a second driving component 51 drives the ultrasonic component 5 to move laterally to fit the chromatography column 31;

[0057] A visual monitoring component 6 is provided on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove 3, and a third driving component 61 drives the visual monitoring component 6 to move laterally to fit the chromatography column 31;

[0058] A control module 7 electrically connected to the first drive assembly 41, the second drive assembly 51, the third drive assembly 61, the temperature control assembly 4, the pressure touch module 8, the visual monitoring assembly 6, and the ultrasonic assembly 5;

[0059] By inserting the chromatography column 31 into the placement slot 3 and contacting it with the pressure touch module, the pressure touch module 8 feeds back the insertion status to the control module 7:

[0060] The control module 7 controls the first drive assembly 41, the second drive assembly 51, and the third drive assembly 61 to respectively control the visual monitoring assembly 6, the ultrasonic assembly 5, and the temperature control assembly 4 to move synchronously toward the chromatography column 31 and adhere to the outer surface of the chromatography column 31;

[0061] The control module 7 cooperates with the temperature control component 4 to control the working temperature of the chromatography column 31. The control module 7 cooperates with the ultrasonic component 5 to output ultrasonic waves in a direction toward the chromatography column 31. The control module 7 cooperates with the visual communication module to monitor the reaction state of the chromatography column 31.

[0062] By integrating the temperature control component 4, ultrasonic component 5, visual monitoring component 6, and pressure touch module 8, students no longer need to operate multiple devices separately. Each component can complete its own function within the same experimental box 1, reducing the complexity of student operations.

[0063] The pressure touch module 8 provides feedback on the insertion status of the chromatography column 31, ensuring accurate placement of the chromatography column 31, reducing manual intervention and avoiding experimental failures caused by improper operation in traditional teaching. After the chromatography column 31 is inserted, the control module 7 can move the temperature control component 4, ultrasonic component 5, and visual monitoring component 6 toward the chromatography column 31 separately or simultaneously, adjusting and fitting the outer surface of the chromatography column 31 for precise operation, on the one hand fixing the chromatography column 31 in the middle, and on the other hand ensuring that each component maintains a sufficient fit with the chromatography column 31.

[0064] Through the precise collaboration of control module 7 and temperature control component 4, and pressure touch module 8 and ultrasonic component 5, the operating temperature, pressure, and ultrasonic output of chromatography column 31 can be stably controlled and flexibly adjusted according to teaching needs. Students no longer need to manually adjust these parameters, reducing errors and operational difficulty.

[0065] The reaction status of the chromatography column 31 is observed in real time through the visual monitoring component 6. The system feeds back real-time data through the control module 7. Students can view the experimental progress on an external screen without having to interrupt the experiment for on-site inspection, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the experimental operation.

[0066] Compared to the advantages of existing equipment, traditional teaching requires students to master the operation and adjustment of each device one by one. However, this device greatly simplifies the operation process through integration and automated control, allowing students to focus more on the core steps and principles of the experiment, shortening the learning cycle. Because the operation steps are automated and precisely controlled, students can conduct experiments more quickly during the teaching process, reducing the time spent on manual operation, allowing them to complete more experimental tasks and improving teaching effectiveness.

[0067] Through integrated, automated control design, the teaching process for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale has been significantly simplified, providing higher experimental efficiency and precision while effectively overcoming the tedious and difficult coordination issues associated with traditional equipment. Compared to existing equipment, this solution offers a high degree of automation, simple operation, and excellent coordination, significantly improving teaching quality and efficiency. This effectively addresses the challenges of tedious operation, difficult equipment coordination, and lengthy operation times inherent in traditional teaching, improving teaching efficiency and operational controllability.

[0068] In order to heat the chromatography columns 31 at different heights, a first mounting plate 42 is provided at the output end of the first driving assembly 41;

[0069] The temperature control assembly 4 includes a plurality of arc-shaped pieces 43 arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column 31. The arc-shaped pieces 43 are embedded in the side of the first mounting plate 42 facing the chromatography column 31. The arc-shaped pieces 43 are embedded in the side facing the chromatography column 31 and are provided with a plurality of first heating pieces 44. The first heating pieces 44 are electrically connected to the control module 7.

[0070] The chromatography columns 31 at different heights are heated by the arc-shaped pieces 43 at different heights in cooperation with the first heating piece 44 .

[0071] By arranging the curved pieces 43 along the insertion direction of the chromatography column 31, the temperature control assembly 4 can conform to the curved shape of the chromatography column 31, providing more uniform and stable heating. While traditional heating methods may concentrate heating at a fixed location, multiple sets of curved pieces 43 are evenly arranged at different heights within the chromatography column 31, enabling more precise heating control. This ensures uniform heating across the entire reaction area of ​​the chromatography column 31, avoiding localized overheating or uneven heating, and ensuring uniform and accurate reactions.

[0072] By electrically connecting the temperature control module to the first heating plate 44 , the working state of the first heating plate 44 can be precisely adjusted by the control module 7 , and heating at different heights can be dynamically adjusted, thereby directly heating the chromatography column 31 .

[0073] The advantage lies in the fact that the coordination of the curved sheet 43 and the first heating sheet 44 enables highly precise heating of the chromatography column 31, ensuring uniformity of the heating process, controllability, and stability of the reaction, while also optimizing energy efficiency and safety. By flexibly adjusting the temperature at different heights, the temperature environment of the reaction during the experiment can be precisely controlled, improving the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment, making this a very practical improvement in teaching and scientific research experiments.

[0074] Because some experiments require water bath heating under different conditions, several second heating plates 45 are embedded and installed on the side of the arc-shaped plate 43 away from the chromatography column 31. The second heating plates 45 are electrically connected to the control module 7.

[0075] The water inputted into the placement tank 3 is heated by the second heating plate 45 .

[0076] By specifically heating the incoming water with the second heating plate 45, rather than directly heating the chromatography column 31, the water temperature can be more precisely controlled, enabling water bath heating of the chromatography column 31, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the entire experimental process. Inlet water temperature control is crucial, especially for temperature-sensitive experimental processes. This ensures that the water temperature remains within a predetermined range, preventing the effects of unstable water temperature on the chromatographic reaction.

[0077] The second heating plate 45 is specifically used to heat the water input through the water inlet 11, rather than heating the entire system, to ensure that the heating energy is only used for the required part. This local heating can transfer heat to the water more efficiently, rather than wasting energy in areas that do not need to be heated. Due to the columnar design of the placement tank 3 that accommodates the chromatography column 31, only a very small part of the water for water bath heating is needed to meet the experimental needs, saving experimental water, and also requiring less heat energy to achieve the target temperature. Furthermore, the inner side of the placement tank 3 is coated with an insulating layer, which can further insulate the heated water.

[0078] Since the amount of water in the placement tank 3 is relatively fixed in the polysaccharide extraction experiment, the opening time of the heating plate can be preset. Therefore, a temperature sensor may not be provided in this embodiment. However, in order to further improve the accuracy of the experiment and the adaptability requirements of other experiments, in other embodiments, a temperature sensor may be embedded in the placement tank 3 to monitor the actual temperature of the water bath heating.

[0079] As mentioned above, water bath heating is required, so the system further includes a water inlet 11 and a water outlet 12 provided below the placement tank 3, and a solenoid valve group for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet and the water outlet 12, and the solenoid valve group is electrically connected to the control module 7;

[0080] The control module 7 cooperates with the electromagnetic valve group to control the water inlet / outlet status in the placement tank 3.

[0081] The solenoid valve assembly enables precise control of the water flow's on / off state and flow rate as needed. Combined with the control module 7, automated water inlet and outlet operations are achieved, reducing manual intervention and improving operational precision and efficiency. For example, the water inlet 11 and outlet 12 can be automatically opened or closed based on preset conditions, thereby precisely controlling the water level or flow rate.

[0082] The coordination of the solenoid valve group and the control module 7 enables the system to flexibly adjust the water flow state according to different experimental needs or process requirements. For example, different switch modes can be set to adapt to different types of experiments or different equipment configurations.

[0083] The electrical connection with the control module 7 allows remote control or programmable control of the operation of the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12. The system can be remotely monitored and adjusted by a computer, PLC, etc., which improves the convenience of operation and reduces the complexity of manual operation.

[0084] The solenoid valve group can accurately control the timing and amount of water inlet and outlet, avoiding excessive water flow or high water level due to improper manual control, and preventing accidents such as overflow or equipment damage.

[0085] Since the size of the placement slot 3 is fixed, the opening and closing time of the automatic regulating valve can be set according to preset conditions, and there is no need to set a water level sensor. However, in order to further improve the safety of the experiment, a water level sensor can also be set in other embodiments.

[0086] Through the water inlet 11 and outlet 12 located below the placement tank 3, and through the coordination of the solenoid valve assembly and control module 7, precise water flow control can be achieved, ensuring the system's efficiency, flexibility, and safety. This provides automated control, reduces manual intervention, improves operational accuracy and efficiency, conserves water resources and energy, and enhances system reliability and stability. By optimizing water flow management, the stability of experimental or production processes can be improved, system failure rates can be reduced, maintenance operations can be simplified, and overall system performance can be enhanced.

[0087] The solenoid valve assembly includes a first solenoid valve 13 that controls the opening / closing state of the water inlet 11, and a second solenoid valve 14 that controls the opening / closing state of the water outlet 12. The control module 7 is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve 13 and the second solenoid valve 14. The first drive assembly 41, the second drive assembly 51, and the third drive assembly 61 all use telescopic guide rod motors.

[0088] By using first solenoid valve 13 and second solenoid valve 14 to control the opening and closing of water inlet 11 and water outlet 12, respectively, the flow of water in and out can be very precisely regulated. This precise control is crucial in many applications that require stable water levels or flows (such as laboratory equipment and production processes), ensuring that the system always operates within the specified conditions and avoiding the impact of abnormal water flow.

[0089] The electrical connection between the control module 7 and the solenoid valve allows the system to automatically control the water flow according to preset conditions. The system automatically adjusts the water flow based on time, sensor data, or other control signals, without requiring human intervention. This automated control significantly improves operational efficiency and reduces human error.

[0090] Since the control module 7 can be programmed according to different requirements, the switching behavior of the first solenoid valve 13 and the second solenoid valve 14 can be made more flexible. For example, the system can set parameters such as water flow rate and cycle according to different requirements to better adapt to different experimental or process requirements.

[0091] By precisely controlling the timing of water inlet and outlet flow through solenoid valves, water waste can be avoided. This has a significant water-saving effect on systems that require timely and quantitative water flow control (such as agricultural irrigation and industrial cooling), effectively reducing resource waste.

[0092] A solenoid valve controls fluid flow through electromagnetic force. Its operating principle is that current flowing through a coil generates a magnetic field, which drives the movement of a valve core, thereby controlling the on / off state of the fluid. When current flows through the solenoid coil, the generated magnetic field causes the valve core to move in a certain direction, opening or closing the fluid passage. Turning off the current returns the valve core to its original position, stopping the flow of fluid.

[0093] The solenoid valve has a very fast switching response, almost instantaneous, and is suitable for situations where water flow needs to be quickly adjusted. By controlling the valve's opening and closing with an electrical signal, very precise water flow control can be achieved.

[0094] A telescopic guide rod motor is typically an electric drive device capable of linear motion, using a motor to drive the extension and retraction of a guide rod. The motor uses electricity to drive the extension and retraction of the guide rod, driving the entire device to complete the desired movement. It is often used in conjunction with other components in a mechanical structure (such as valves, doors, and platforms) to achieve precise motion control.

[0095] Telescopic guide rod motors precisely control the extension and retraction of guide rods through a motor, enabling precise linear positioning and delivering extremely high motion accuracy. This makes them suitable for precision control systems. Their compact size allows them to be used in space-constrained environments. Their drive system provides stable power output, ensuring long-term, reliable operation, making them suitable for industrial applications. These motors can control motion speed and force by adjusting current or voltage, offering high adaptability to meet the needs of diverse operating conditions.

[0096] As a further improvement, a second mounting plate 52 is provided at the output end of the second drive assembly 51; the ultrasonic assembly 5 includes a plurality of ultrasonic generators 53 arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column 31, and the ultrasonic generators 53 are embedded in the second mounting plate 52 on the side facing the chromatography column 31. The ultrasonic generators 53 are electrically connected to the control module 7, and ultrasonic waves are sent toward the chromatography column 31 through the cooperation of the control module 7 and the ultrasonic generators 53.

[0097] The ultrasonic generator 53 can provide more efficient energy transfer. Ultrasonic waves can promote intermolecular interactions through high-frequency vibrations, increasing the reaction rate of substances. This can significantly improve reaction efficiency in a shorter time and reduce experimental time.

[0098] Ultrasound can help break up molecular aggregates, providing more uniform mixing and distribution, thereby enhancing separation during chromatography.

[0099] The control module 7, through its electrical connection to the ultrasonic generator 53, can precisely adjust the output intensity, frequency, and duration of the ultrasonic wave, thereby precisely controlling the heating and ultrasonic effects during the experiment. This precise control can optimize the reaction conditions according to the different needs of the experiment, ensuring the stability and repeatability of the experiment.

[0100] According to the design principle of the experimental equipment and the process requirements of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction, the output intensity, frequency and duration of the ultrasound can be parameterized:

[0101] 1. Ultrasonic parameter setting principles:

[0102] Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides are high-molecular-weight compounds, requiring ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to disrupt the cell wall structure and facilitate polysaccharide dissolution. The parameters must balance extraction efficiency with polysaccharide structural integrity: too high an intensity may lead to polysaccharide degradation, while too low a frequency may result in insufficient penetration.

[0103] Adjust the ultrasonic energy distribution according to the column diameter (e.g. 10-30 mm) and material (glass / resin):

[0104] Small diameter cylinder: Use high frequency (40-60kHz) and low intensity (50-100W) to avoid local overheating;

[0105] Large diameter cylinder: low frequency (20-40kHz), high intensity (100-200W) to enhance penetration.

[0106] In addition, it can be optimized in conjunction with temperature control

[0107] When the water bath heating temperature (e.g. 40-60°C) works in conjunction with ultrasound, the parameters need to be dynamically matched:

[0108] Under high temperature conditions, the ultrasonic intensity can be appropriately reduced (to reduce heat accumulation);

[0109] During low-temperature extraction, the intensity needs to be increased to enhance the cavitation effect.

[0110] In this embodiment, the parameter setting scheme is as follows:

[0111] 1. Output intensity: basic range: 50-200W (adjustable step 10W);

[0112] Typical scenarios: Cell wall disruption stage: 150-200W (short-term high-energy impact), polysaccharide release stage: 80-120W (maintaining stable cavitation), sensitive material protection: 50-80W (reducing mechanical shear).

[0113] 2. Frequency selection: Basic range: 20-60kHz (adjustable in sections), for example: 20-30kHz is suitable for large particle size chromatography columns to enhance liquid penetration; 30-50kHz is suitable for conventional polysaccharide extraction to balance penetration and cavitation efficiency; 50-60kHz is suitable for fine separation stages to reduce bubble interference.

[0114] 3. Duration: Pulse mode: Working cycle: 5-30 seconds (on) / 2-10 seconds (off), Advantage: Prevents local overheating and is suitable for long-term reactions (such as more than 30 minutes).

[0115] Continuous mode: Single maximum: ≤15 minutes (to prevent equipment overload), typical application: rapid extraction (5-10 minutes).

[0116] 3. Intelligent design of control module

[0117] 1. Teaching mode:

[0118] Basic template: One-click start of standardized parameters (e.g. 40kHz, 120W, pulse 10s / 5s, total duration 20 minutes)

[0119] Case Library: Built-in optimal parameters for Dendrobium from different origins (e.g. Yunnan Dendrobium: 35kHz, 150W, continuous 15 minutes)

[0120] Scientific research mode: supports custom parameter curves (such as gradient-varying ultrasound intensity).

[0121] 2. Adaptive adjustment function

[0122] Real-time feedback of the material status in the column (such as turbidity and bubble volume) through the visual monitoring component:

[0123] When the packing layer is detected to be clogged, the frequency is automatically increased to 50kHz to enhance the cleaning effect;

[0124] When the viscosity of the polysaccharide solution is detected to be too high, the pulse interval is increased to prevent cavitation failure.

[0125] 3. Safety restriction mechanism

[0126] When the column temperature is greater than 60°C, the ultrasonic intensity is forced to be reduced by 50%;

[0127] Continuous operation for more than 30 minutes triggers cooling protection (pause and start water bath cycle).

[0128] Through the above-mentioned parametric design and control, the equipment can increase the extraction efficiency of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides by 40%-60% (compared with the traditional magnetic stirring method), while reducing the student operation error rate to below 5%, significantly improving the success rate of teaching experiments and the repeatability of scientific research data.

[0129] Furthermore, by arranging ultrasonic generators 53 on the chromatography columns 31 at different heights, the chromatography columns 31 at specific heights can be subjected to ultrasonic action in a targeted manner.

[0130] The output end of the third driving assembly 61 is provided with a third mounting plate 62;

[0131] The visual monitoring assembly 6 includes a plurality of cameras 63 arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column 31. The plurality of cameras 63 are embedded in the third mounting plate 62 on the side facing the chromatography column 31.

[0132] The reaction status of the chromatography column 31 is monitored by the cameras 63 at different heights.

[0133] By placing multiple cameras 63 at different heights, the chromatography column 31 can be comprehensively monitored from various angles. Cameras 63 at different heights can capture the reaction conditions in different areas of the chromatography column 31, particularly the distribution changes, flow conditions, and reaction progress of the reactants within the chromatography column 31. This multi-angle monitoring ensures a comprehensive observation of the reaction process within the chromatography column 31, avoiding any details that could affect the experimental results.

[0134] The reaction conditions within the chromatography column 31 may vary at different heights; some reactions may occur at the top of the column, while others may occur at the bottom or in the middle. The arrangement of multiple cameras 63 can accurately capture the changes in these different areas, ensuring more detailed and accurate monitoring.

[0135] Camera 63 can capture the reaction status of chromatography column 31 in real time, including key factors such as chromatographic band movement and solute distribution changes. Image processing module 72, connected to control module 7, transmits the image to display screen 71, which is also connected to control module 7. This allows for timely identification of abnormal reaction conditions (such as incomplete separation, blockage, excessively fast or slow flow, etc.), and allows for timely adjustment of experimental parameters through a feedback control system to ensure reaction stability and efficiency.

[0136] The image data captured by camera 63 can be used for later analysis and recording, facilitating the archiving and comparison of experimental data. Operators can review the reaction status at each stage and analyze the movement trajectory and concentration changes of substances in chromatography column 31, which is of great significance for optimizing experimental operations and improving experimental conditions.

[0137] It also includes a flexible sleeve 64 that is set on the outer ring of the camera 63. The flexible sleeve 64 is attached to the chromatography column 31 to form an isolation space 65 for the camera 63 inside.

[0138] By installing a flexible sleeve 64 around the outer ring of camera 63 and attaching it to chromatography column 31, an isolation space 65 is formed to protect camera 63. Flexible sleeve 64 effectively protects camera 63 from contamination and damage from liquids, chemicals, or particles that may be present in reservoir 3. During the chromatography process, solvents, solutes, or other reactive substances may contaminate camera 63. Flexible sleeve 64 acts as a barrier to prevent these substances from directly contacting the surface of camera 63, ensuring that camera 63 is clean and operates properly.

[0139] The camera 63 may be damaged by vibration, collision or other external factors of the chromatography column 31. The flexible kit 64 provides a layer of buffer protection for the camera 63, reducing the direct impact of external forces on the camera 63 and extending its service life.

[0140] The flexible sleeve 64 is made of corrosion-resistant rubber material.

[0141] Furthermore, during a water bath experiment, the flexible sleeve 64 isolates the water flow, creating an isolated space and preventing it from affecting the clarity of the monitored image. The flexible sleeve 64 forms an isolation space 65 between the camera 63 and the chromatography column 31, minimizing the reflection or scattering effects of the liquid or chemicals in the chromatography column 31 on light. This helps improve the imaging quality of the camera 63, reduces unnecessary image interference, and ensures clearer and more accurate monitoring data.

[0142] In some experiments, chromatography column 31 may be operated at high temperatures. Flexible sleeve 64 provides a degree of insulation, preventing temperature fluctuations in chromatography column 31 from directly affecting camera 63. This ensures that camera 63 operates in a stable temperature environment, thus preventing thermally induced device failure or image distortion.

[0143] It should be noted that the device structure and drawings of the present invention mainly describe the principles of the present invention. In terms of the technology of the design principle, the settings of the device's power mechanism, power supply system, and control system are not fully described. However, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the details of its power mechanism, power supply system, and control system on the premise that they understand the principles of the above invention. The control method of the application document is automatic control through a controller, and the control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art.

[0144] The standard parts used can be purchased from the market and can be customized according to the description in the specification and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the existing technology. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the existing technology, and the components known to technical personnel in this field, their structures and principles can be known to these technical personnel through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

[0145] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale, characterized in that: include: An experimental box (1), a cover (2) rotatably mounted above the experimental box (1); A plurality of placement slots (3) are provided above the experimental box (1), and chromatography columns (31) are placed inside the placement slots (3); A pressure touch module (8) is provided at the bottom of the placement groove (3), and a temperature control component (4) is provided on the inner side wall of one side of the placement groove (3), and a first driving component (41) drives the temperature control component (4) to move laterally to fit the chromatography column (31); An ultrasonic component (5) is provided on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove (3), and a second driving component (51) drives the ultrasonic component (5) to move laterally to fit the chromatography column (31); A visual monitoring component (6) is provided on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove (3), and a third driving component (61) drives the visual monitoring component (6) to move laterally to fit the chromatography column (31); A control module (7), wherein the control module (7) is electrically connected to the first drive component (41), the second drive component (51), the third drive component (61), the temperature control component (4), the pressure touch module (8), the visual monitoring component (6), and the ultrasonic component (5); By inserting the chromatography column (31) into the placement slot (3) and contacting it with the pressure touch module (8), the pressure touch module (8) feeds back the insertion status to the control module (7): The control module (7) controls the first drive component (41), the second drive component (51), and the third drive component (61) to respectively drive the temperature control component (4), the ultrasonic component (5), and the visual monitoring component (6) to move synchronously toward the chromatography column (31) and adhere to the outer surface of the chromatography column (31); The control module (7) cooperates with the temperature control component (4) to control the working temperature of the chromatography column (31), the control module (7) cooperates with the ultrasonic component (5) to output ultrasonic waves in a direction toward the chromatography column (31), and the control module (7) cooperates with the visual monitoring component (6) to monitor the reaction state of the chromatography column (31); The output end of the third drive assembly (61) is provided with a third mounting plate (62); The visual monitoring assembly (6) includes a plurality of cameras (63) arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column (31), and the plurality of cameras (63) are embedded in a side of the third mounting plate (62) facing the chromatography column (31): Monitoring the reaction status of the chromatography column (31) by using the cameras (63) at different heights; The invention also includes a flexible kit (64) which is set on the outer ring of the camera (63). The flexible kit (64) is fitted to the chromatography column (31) to form an isolation space (65) for the camera (63) inside. The isolation space (65) reduces the reflection or scattering effect of the liquid or chemical substances in the chromatography column (31) on the light, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera (63).

2. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the first drive assembly (41) is provided with a first mounting plate (42); The temperature control component (4) includes a plurality of arc-shaped pieces (43) arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column (31), the arc-shaped pieces (43) are embedded in the first mounting plate (42) on the side facing the chromatography column (31), and the arc-shaped pieces (43) are embedded in the side facing the chromatography column (31) with a plurality of first heating pieces (44), and the first heating pieces (44) are electrically connected to the control module (7); The chromatographic columns (31) at different heights are heated by cooperating with the first heating plate (44) through the arc-shaped plates (43) at different heights.

3. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 2, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of second heating plates (45) embedded and installed on the side of the arc-shaped plate (43) away from the chromatography column (31), the second heating plates (45) being electrically connected to the control module (7), and heating the water input into the placement tank (3) through the second heating plates (45).

4. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the second driving component (51) is provided with a second mounting plate (52); the ultrasonic component (5) includes a plurality of ultrasonic generators (53) arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column (31), the ultrasonic generators (53) are embedded on the side of the second mounting plate (52) facing the chromatography column (31), and the ultrasonic generators (53) are electrically connected to the control module (7), and transmit ultrasonic waves toward the chromatography column (31) through the cooperation of the control module (7) and the ultrasonic generators (53).

5. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water inlet (11) and a water outlet (12) arranged below the placement tank (3), and a solenoid valve group for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet (11) and the water outlet (12). The solenoid valve group is electrically connected to the control module (7), and the control module (7) cooperates with the solenoid valve group to control the water inlet / outlet state in the placement tank (3).

6. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solenoid valve group comprises a first solenoid valve (13) for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet (11), and a second solenoid valve (14) for controlling the opening / closing state of the water outlet (12). The first solenoid valve (13) and the second solenoid valve (14) of the control module (7) are electrically connected.

7. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drive assembly (41), the second drive assembly (51), and the third drive assembly (61) all use telescopic guide rod motors.

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