Welding equipment and process for vacuum container

Abstract

The invention relates to welding equipment and process for a vacuum container, the welding equipment for the vacuum container comprises a welding platform with a cooling device and a welding manipulator, the welding manipulator is mounted on a transverse linear rail, and the transverse linear rail is fixed on a wall; the welding platform comprises a platform supporting frame, a cooling device and a clamp supporting frame, the cooling device and the clamp supporting frame are arranged on the platform supporting frame, a vacuum container flange is installed in the cooling device, and a vacuum container barrel clamp used for clamping a vacuum container barrel and guaranteeing that the vacuum container barrel and the vacuum container flange are coaxial is installed on the clamp supporting frame. A welding gun for welding the joint of the vacuum container barrel and the vacuum container flange is installed on the welding manipulator, a flame gun is installed on the platform supporting frame, and flames of the flame gun directly face the joint of the vacuum container barrel and the vacuum container flange. And the problem of welding deformation of the vacuum container flange with the O-shaped ring groove can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0002] The invention relates to a welding device used on a vacuum container, in particular to a welding device and process used for a vacuum container. Background Art

[0004] The vacuum container includes a vacuum container cylinder and a vacuum container flange. When the vacuum container cylinder and the vacuum container flange are assembled and welded, since the vacuum container flange has an O-ring groove, the existence of the O-ring groove changes the shape and stress distribution of the welding structure. When welding, the weld and its surrounding areas will expand due to heat, and the constraints on the thermal expansion at the edges and corners of the groove become complicated. Inside the groove, the contraction force may be concentrated on certain points or lines, unlike in a grooveless structure where it can be relatively evenly distributed on the entire weld surface. This uneven contraction force can easily lead to deformation, such as distorting the shape of the groove or bending the weld with the groove as a whole. Furthermore, the thermal cycle during welding becomes more complicated in a grooved structure. Due to the existence of the groove, the heat transfer speed inside and outside the groove is different, and a local heat concentration area may be formed near the groove, which causes the metal material around the groove to experience different degrees of thermal cycles at different positions, resulting in different changes in material properties in different areas, further increasing the possibility of deformation. This stress may cause the structure to deform or even crack during use. The vacuum container needs to maintain a high vacuum and it is difficult to detect vacuum leaks. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the flange is not deformed and the weld is stable during welding. Current welding equipment and welding tools make it difficult to improve the problem of non-deformation welding of flanges with O-ring grooves.

[0005] At present, the Chinese patent "An automated welding equipment for large-diameter metal seals of vacuum containers" with announcement number CN118321765B has been retrieved, which includes multiple pre-tightening calipers arranged on the top cover and the cylinder of the vacuum container, and a welding structure located between the pre-tightening calipers. The welding structure has a shell, multiple moving mechanisms, a laser welding gun and a visual camera. Each moving mechanism is provided with a driving motor. The beneficial effects of this invention are: flexible disassembly and assembly, small size, high adaptability, and high welding efficiency. It breaks through many limitations of existing welding equipment on the integrated welding of large-diameter, thin-walled, and confined space structural materials, and can effectively meet the requirements of high-precision sealing assembly of large-diameter vacuum containers, obtain welds with low deformation, small heat-affected zone, and high welding forming quality, and can perform automated welding to save manpower and material resources; however, this patent cannot improve the problem of welding deformation of vacuum container flanges with O-ring grooves.

[0006] In addition, a Chinese patent "A vacuum container and its welding process" publication number CN116649760A was retrieved, which includes an inner liner for storing liquid, the inner liner includes a liner body and an inner bottom, an outer shell is fixed to the outside of the inner liner, the outer shell includes a shell and a middle bottom, the outer shell and the inner liner are coaxially arranged, a first connecting port is opened on the side wall of the liner body or the end face of the inner bottom, a second connecting port is opened on the side wall of the shell or the end face of the middle bottom, the first connecting port and the second connecting port are coaxially arranged, a guide tube is fixed between the first connecting port and the second connecting port, and a faucet is fixed on the inner wall of the guide tube. Although this patent has the effect of facilitating the outflow of liquid in the vacuum container, it is also unable to improve the problem of welding deformation of the vacuum container flange with an O-ring groove. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a welding equipment and process for a vacuum container, which is reasonably designed and is conducive to improving the problem of welding deformation of a vacuum container flange with an O-ring groove.

[0009] The present invention provides welding equipment for a vacuum container, characterized in that it comprises a welding platform with a cooling device and a welding manipulator, wherein the welding manipulator is installed on a horizontal linear track, and the horizontal linear track is fixed to a wall; the welding platform comprises a platform support frame, a cooling device and a clamp support frame arranged on the platform support frame, a vacuum container flange is installed in the cooling device, a vacuum container cylinder clamp for clamping the vacuum container cylinder and ensuring that the vacuum container cylinder and the vacuum container flange are coaxial is installed on the clamp support frame, a welding gun for welding the joint between the vacuum container cylinder and the vacuum container flange is installed on the welding manipulator, a flame gun is installed on the platform support frame, the flame of the flame gun is facing the joint between the vacuum container cylinder and the vacuum container flange, and a rotating mechanism for driving the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder to rotate synchronously is provided in the cooling device.

[0010] Preferably, the above-mentioned cooling device includes a cooling pool and a rotating mechanism connected to the cooling pool, the rotating mechanism includes a chuck located in the cooling pool for clamping the vacuum container flange, a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the chuck, and a rotating motor located outside the cooling pool, the rotating motor drives the chuck and the vacuum container flange thereon to rotate by driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and a circulating pump, a temperature-controlled water tank, and a circulating pipeline connected to the cooling pool, the circulating pump, and the temperature-controlled water tank are provided below the cooling pool to realize the circulation and temperature control of the coolant in the cooling pool.

[0011] Preferably, the above-mentioned circulation pipeline includes three sections, namely the first section, the second section and the third section. The inlet of the first section is connected to the liquid outlet of the cooling pool, the outlet of the first section is connected to the inlet of the temperature-controlled water tank, the outlet of the temperature-controlled water tank is connected to the inlet of the second section, the outlet of the second section is connected to the inlet of the circulation pump, the outlet of the circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the third section, and the outlet of the third section is connected to the liquid return port of the cooling pool.

[0012] Preferably, an inner tube is fixedly installed on the liquid outlet of the above-mentioned cooling pool, and an overflow adjustment tube that can be raised and lowered is sleeved on the inner tube. The upper port of the overflow adjustment tube is lower than the highest liquid level of the cooling pool, and the coolant in the cooling pool overflows into the temperature-controlled water tank through the upper port of the overflow adjustment tube.

[0013] Preferably, a temperature sensor is installed in the cooling pool to adjust the temperature of the coolant in the cooling pool.

[0014] Preferably, a drain port and a drain pipe with a drain valve connected to the drain port are provided at the lower portion of the cooling pool.

[0015] Preferably, a through hole is provided at the bottom of the cooling pool, a sealing seat is installed in the through hole, the sealing seat is an annular stepped sleeve, the annular flange on the upper part of the sealing seat is locked on the outer periphery of the through hole, the lower part of the sealing seat is connected to the rotating motor, a bearing is installed in the stepped groove in the center of the sealing seat, the rotating shaft is passed through the bearing, the boss at the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the clamping seat, and a rotating sealing ring is installed between the boss at the upper end of the rotating shaft and the annular flange on the upper part of the sealing seat.

[0016] Preferably, the lower surface of the vacuum container flange is provided with an annular groove for installing a sealing ring, and the upper port of the overflow adjustment pipe is 1-3 mm higher than the lower surface of the vacuum container flange, so that the coolant water level in the cooling pool is 1-3 mm higher than the lower surface of the vacuum container flange.

[0017] Preferably, the platform support frame is provided with a clamp support frame on two opposite sides of the cooling pool of the cooling device, the clamp support frame includes a vertical plate and a horizontal plate vertically connected to the vertical plate, a transverse plate is provided at the front end of the horizontal plate, a horizontal cylinder is horizontally installed on the horizontal plate, the front end limit of the horizontal cylinder is installed on the transverse plate, the telescopic rod of the horizontal cylinder passes through the center hole of the transverse plate and an arc plate is installed on the free end of the telescopic rod, sliding rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the arc plate, the sliding rods pass through the through holes on both sides of the transverse plate to realize horizontal sliding, and when the telescopic rods of the two horizontal cylinders are extended, the central axis surrounded by the arc plates is coaxial with the rotation centerline of the rotating mechanism.

[0018] The present invention is used for a welding process of a vacuum container, and is characterized in that: Step 1: Place the vacuum container flange on the chuck, and lock the chuck to clamp and fix the vacuum container flange; Step 2: Place the vacuum container cylinder on the vacuum container flange; Step 3: The vacuum container cylinder clamp clamps the cylinder so that the vacuum container cylinder is concentric with the vacuum container flange; Step 4: Release the clamping of the vacuum container cylinder by the vacuum container cylinder clamp, and drive the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder to rotate synchronously by the rotating mechanism; Step 5: Turn on the flame gun to preheat the joint between the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder with a flame spray. The flame spray position of the flame gun is directly opposite to the welding seam position. The temperature at the flame spray position is 100-250 degrees Celsius. The heating time is 2-7 minutes to eliminate internal stress. Step 6: After preheating, the welding equipment on the manipulator uses spot welding to position the joints of the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder. There are four points of positioning welds, and the four-point positioning welds are 90° apart. Then the weld is welded on the bottom surface using the back welding method, that is, the joint of the entire circumference is divided into 4 short welds, each section is welded from back to front, and each section is welded in turn, and the end point of each section coincides with the starting point of the previous section. When the current section is welded and the starting point of the previous section is reached, the temperature of the starting point is still very high, so the temperature difference is not very large. This improves the degree of uneven heating and cooling and reduces stress and deformation after welding.

[0019] Step 7: Turn on the circulation pump, let the coolant flow into the cooling pool, and adjust the height of the overflow adjustment pipe to ensure that the coolant is 1-3mm above the lower surface of the vacuum container flange; Step 8: Turn on the welding equipment on the manipulator to perform three filler welds on the joints between the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder, and one cover weld to complete the welding. Start the temperature-controlled water tank and circulating pump to control the coolant temperature at 65-75°C to ensure uniform heating of the weldment during welding to reduce residual stress and deformation.

[0020] Step 9: After welding, disassemble the vacuum container.

[0021] Preferably, in the above steps, the thickness of the flange is 10 mm, the thickness of the cylinder plate is 5 mm, the diameter of the cylinder is 200 mm, the material is 304 stainless steel, the flange has a single-sided V-shaped groove, the groove angle is 55°, and the blunt edge is 2 mm; the coolant temperature is set to 70°C; argon arc welding is used, the argon purity is 99.99%, the current of the welding equipment is 125A, and the welding voltage is 22V; the welding wire is flux-cored welding wire; the welding speed is 60-90mm / min; the acetylene pressure used by the flame gun is adjusted to 0.05Mpa, the oxygen pressure is adjusted to 0.2Mpa, the temperature of the flame spray at the welding seam position is 150 degrees Celsius, and the heating time is 5 minutes to eliminate internal stress.

[0022] Advantages of the present invention: 1. The present application provides a flame gun to preheat the joint between the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder to eliminate internal stress, thereby improving the welding quality from the first level; 2. The present application is provided with a cooling device, the coolant is ethylene glycol type coolant, and the welding temperature is maintained at a certain temperature so that the flange shape of the welded vacuum container becomes smaller, which plays a role in the quality of welding at the second level; 3. The vacuum container cylinder clamp is provided in the present application, which can ensure the concentricity of the vacuum container cylinder and the vacuum container flange, and improve the welding quality on the third level; 4. The present application sets a temperature sensor and a circulating pump in the cooling device, and the temperature-controlled water tank can accurately control the temperature of the coolant; 5. The present application provides an overflow adjustment pipe and an O-ring in the cooling pool to adjust the coolant level to be 1-3 mm above the lower surface of the flange according to different workpieces, so as to minimize deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial stereogram of Figure 3 yes Figure 2 sectional view of Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partial view from another perspective; Figure 5 , Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A partial view of the .

[0026] The central control reset pedal and its combined connection method of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation structures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] A welding equipment for a vacuum container of the present invention comprises a welding platform 5 with a cooling device and a welding manipulator 3, wherein the welding manipulator 3 is installed on a transverse linear track 2 (which may be a linear guide rail capable of driving the welding manipulator 3 to move transversely), and the transverse linear track 2 is fixed on a wall 1; a welding swing head 4 is installed on the manipulator 3, and a welding gun is installed on the welding swing head 4, and through the action of the manipulator 3 (the manipulator 3 is placed on the transverse linear track 2 and can move transversely, and the welding swing head 4 is placed at the end of the manipulator and can move in all directions), the welding of the welding gun to any welding position can be achieved, and the specific actions of the transverse linear track 2, the manipulator 3, and the welding swing head 4 are prior art and will not be described here.

[0030] An electric control system 6, a welding machine 7 and a wire feeder 8 are also provided on the side of the horizontal linear track 2. The welding machine 7 and the wire feeder 8 are part of the welding equipment to realize the welding action. The electric control system 6 includes an electric control device for controlling the welding action, the manipulator 3, the welding swing head 4 and other actions. It is a prior art and will not be described here in detail.

[0031] The above contents are prior art, and those skilled in the art are familiar with their structures and working methods. The following is the invention content of this application.

[0032] The welding platform 5 includes a platform support frame 504 (such as Figure 2 The cooling device and the fixture support frame 506 are arranged on the platform support frame 504. The vacuum container flange 503 and the like are installed in the cooling device.

[0033] The specific cooling device includes a cooling pool 507 and a rotating mechanism connected to the cooling pool 507. The rotating mechanism includes a chuck 513 (which may be a three-jaw chuck) located in the cooling pool 507 for clamping the vacuum container flange 503, a rotating shaft 519 fixedly connected to the chuck 513, and a rotating motor 518 located below the cooling pool 507 (the rotating motor 518 includes a reducer, etc.). When the rotating motor 518 is working, it drives the rotating shaft 519, the chuck 513 and the vacuum container flange 503 mounted thereon to rotate in sequence. A circulating pump 510, a temperature-controlled water tank 517 (the temperature-controlled water tank 517 can control the temperature of the coolant therein and is an existing component) and a circulating pipeline 520 connected to the cooling pool 507, the circulating pump 510 and the temperature-controlled water tank 517 are provided below the cooling pool 507. Through the operation of the circulating pump 510, the coolant in the temperature-controlled water tank 517 and the cooling pool 507 circulates. The above-mentioned coolant can be water, ethylene glycol-type coolant, etc.

[0034] In order to realize the circulation of the coolant, the circulation pipeline 520 includes three sections, namely the first section, the second section and the third section. The inlet of the first section is connected to the liquid outlet of the cooling pool 507 (located at the bottom of the cooling pool 507), the outlet of the first section is connected to the inlet of the temperature-controlled water tank 517, the outlet of the temperature-controlled water tank 517 is connected to the inlet of the second section, the outlet of the second section is connected to the inlet of the circulation pump 510, the outlet of the circulation pump 510 is connected to the inlet of the third section, and the outlet of the third section is connected to the liquid return port of the cooling pool 507 (which can be located at the bottom of the cooling pool 507). Under the action of the circulation pump 510, the circulation of the coolant in the temperature-controlled water tank 517 and the cooling pool 507 is realized, thereby ensuring the temperature of the coolant in the cooling pool 507.

[0035] An inner tube 521 is fixedly installed on the liquid outlet of the cooling pool 507 (the inner tube is located in the cooling pool 507), and an overflow adjustment tube 516 that can be raised and lowered is sleeved on the inner tube 521. The upper end of the overflow adjustment tube 516 is lower than the highest liquid level of the cooling pool 507. The coolant in the cooling pool 507 overflows into the temperature-controlled water tank 517 through the upper end of the overflow adjustment tube 516 (when the lower end of the overflow adjustment tube 516 is closest to the liquid outlet of the cooling pool 507, the upper end of the inner tube 521 is lower than the height of the upper end of the overflow adjustment tube 516). ), when the overflow adjustment tube 516 is raised or lowered, the position of the upper port of the overflow adjustment tube 516 changes, and the water level of the coolant in the cooling pool 507 changes (when the overflow adjustment tube 516 descends, the coolant in the cooling pool 507 that is higher than the upper port of the overflow adjustment tube 516 flows into the temperature-controlled water tank 517 through the overflow adjustment tube 516 and the inner tube 521; when the overflow adjustment tube 516 is raised, under the action of the circulating pump 510, the coolant level in the cooling pool 507 gradually increases until it reaches the position of the upper port of the overflow adjustment tube 516).

[0036] Specifically, the lower surface of the vacuum container flange 503 is provided with an annular groove for installing an O-ring, and the upper port of the overflow adjustment tube 516 can be adjusted to be 1-3 mm higher than the lower surface of the vacuum container flange 503, so that the water level of the coolant in the cooling pool 507 is 1-3 mm higher than the lower surface of the vacuum container flange 503. In addition, the overflow adjustment tube 516 and the inner tube 521 can both be round tubes, and the inner diameter of the overflow adjustment tube 516 is clearance-matched with the outer diameter of the inner tube 521. At least two annular grooves are provided at the lower part of the inner peripheral wall of the overflow adjustment tube 516, and a sealing ring 522 (such as Figure 5 As shown), by installing sealing rings 522 in at least two annular grooves, on the one hand, the water seal between the two is ensured, and on the other hand, the socket connection between the two can be stabilized to avoid shaking of the overflow adjustment tube 516 and affect the sealing performance.

[0037] In order to accurately adjust the temperature of the coolant in the cooling pool 507, a temperature sensor 515 is installed in the cooling pool 507. The temperature sensor 515 can be electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the circulation pump 510. For example, when the temperature sensor 515 detects that the temperature of the coolant in the cooling pool 507 exceeds the predetermined value of plus or minus 5 degrees Celsius, the circulation pump 510 is started to circulate the constant temperature coolant in the temperature-controlled water tank 517 to the cooling pool 507 (the temperature-controlled water tank 517 is an existing component, and its constant temperature adjustment is an existing technology) until the temperature of the coolant in the cooling pool 507 is within the predetermined value of plus or minus 5 degrees Celsius.

[0038] In order to discharge the coolant in the cooling pool 507 when not in operation, a drain port and a drain pipe 508 with a drain valve 509 connected to the drain port are provided at the lower portion of the cooling pool 507. When welding is not performed for a long time, the drain valve 509 can be opened and a bucket can be placed at the outlet end of the drain pipe 508 to discharge the coolant in the cooling pool 507 into the bucket.

[0039] In order to prevent the coolant from leaking in the cooling pool 507, a through hole is provided at the bottom of the cooling pool 507, and a sealing seat 514 is installed in the through hole. The sealing seat 514 is an annular stepped sleeve. The annular flange on the upper part of the sealing seat 514 is locked on the outer periphery of the through hole. The lower part of the sealing seat 514 is (indirectly) connected to the rotating motor 518. A bearing 511 (having two stepped grooves and two bearings 511) is installed in the stepped groove at the center of the sealing seat 514. The rotating shaft 519 is passed through the bearing 511. The boss at the upper end of the shaft 519 is fixedly connected to the holder 513, and the diameters of the boss and the holder 513 are comparable. A rotating sealing ring 512 is installed between the boss at the upper end of the rotating shaft 519 and the annular flange on the upper part of the sealing seat 514 (the rotating sealing ring 512 can be installed in the annular groove between the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft and the annular flange). The rotating sealing ring 512 can prevent the coolant from penetrating into the interior of the sealing seat 514, which is beneficial to ensure the service life of the rotating shaft and the bearing, as well as the smoothness of the rotation.

[0040] A vacuum container cylinder clamp 502 for clamping the vacuum container cylinder 501 and ensuring that the vacuum container cylinder 501 is coaxial with the vacuum container flange 503 is installed on the clamp support frame 506. Specifically, clamp support frames 506 are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the cooling pool 507 of the cooling device on the platform support frame 504. The clamp support frame 506 includes a vertical plate 5061 and a horizontal plate 5062 vertically connected to the vertical plate. A transverse plate 5063 is vertically provided at the front end of the horizontal plate. A horizontal cylinder 5064 is horizontally installed on the horizontal plate in the same length direction as the horizontal cylinder. The front end (front end face) of the horizontal cylinder is limitedly installed on the transverse plate. The telescopic rod of the horizontal cylinder 5064 passes through the center hole of the transverse plate and An arc plate 5065 is installed on the free end of the telescopic rod (the middle part of the back side of the arc plate 5065 is fixedly connected to the free end of the telescopic rod), and sliding rods 5066 are fixedly installed on both sides of the arc plate. The sliding rods pass through the through holes on both sides of the transverse plate 5063 to achieve horizontal sliding. When the telescopic rods of the two horizontal cylinders are extended, the central axis surrounded by the two arc plates is coaxial with the rotation center line of the rotating mechanism, that is, the central axis of the vacuum container cylinder 501 clamped by the two arc plates is coaxial with the central axis of the vacuum container flange 503, which is conducive to ensuring the uniformity of the welding seam (that is, the seam between the vacuum container cylinder 501 and the vacuum container flange 503). The above structure constitutes the vacuum container cylinder clamp 502.

[0041] A flame gun 505 is mounted on the platform support frame, and the flame of the flame gun faces the joint between the vacuum container cylinder 501 and the vacuum container flange 503. The flame gun 505 is specifically mounted on an adjustment frame 523, and the adjustment frame 523 can adjust the height and swing angle of the flame gun 505 (specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the adjustment frame 523 is a plate fixed to the side of the cooling pool 507, and a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on the plate. The flame gun 505 is locked on the adjustment plate 5051 by screws. The adjustment plate 5051 is provided with a strip groove, and the bolts pass through the strip groove and are locked with the bolt holes on the adjustment frame 523. The height of the flame gun 505 is adjusted by installing the adjustment plate 5051 at bolt holes at different heights. The angle of the flame gun 505 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the flame gun 505 relative to the adjustment plate 5051 by screws, thereby adjusting the preferred injection angle of the flame gun 505. The distance between the flame gun 505 and the joint of the vacuum container cylinder 501 and the vacuum container flange 503 is about 100-200 mm. The temperature of the injection flame of the flame gun 505 at the joint of the vacuum container cylinder 501 and the vacuum container flange 503 is 100-250 degrees Celsius, preferably 150 degrees Celsius.

[0042] The present invention is used for the welding process of vacuum container: Step 1: Place the vacuum container flange on a chuck (which may be a three-jaw chuck 513), and clamp and fix the vacuum container flange 503 by locking the chuck; Step 2: placing the vacuum container cylinder 501 on the vacuum container flange 503; Step 3: The vacuum container barrel clamp 502 moves, that is, the vacuum container barrel is pushed by two horizontal cylinders to make the vacuum container barrel concentric with the vacuum container flange. Step 4: Release the clamping of the vacuum container cylinder by the vacuum container cylinder clamp 502 (i.e., the horizontal cylinder retreats), and the rotary mechanism drives the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder to rotate synchronously (the rotary motor works to drive the rotary shaft 519, the chuck 513 and the vacuum container flange thereon and the vacuum container cylinder to rotate synchronously); Step 5: Turn on the flame gun to preheat the joint between the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder by spraying flame. The flame spraying position of the flame gun is directly opposite to the welding seam position. The temperature of the flame spraying at the welding seam position is 100-250 degrees Celsius. The driving motor drives the chuck to drive the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder to rotate one circle per minute. The heating time is 2-7 minutes to eliminate the internal stress. The preferred temperature of the flame spraying at the welding seam position is 150 degrees Celsius, and the preferred heating time is 5 minutes (that is, the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder rotate 5 circles, and the flame sprays the welding seam 5 times, so as to ensure uniform preheating); Step 6: After preheating, the welding equipment on the robot uses spot welding to position the joints of the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder. There are four positioning welds, and the four positioning welds are 90° apart. Then the weld is welded on the bottom surface using the back welding method, that is, the joint of the entire circumference is divided into 4 short welds (that is, there is a short weld between two spot welding points), each section is welded from back to front, and each section is welded in turn, and the end point of each section coincides with the starting point of the previous section. When the current section is welded and the starting point of the previous section is reached, the temperature of the starting point is still very high, so the temperature difference is not very large. This improves the degree of uneven heating and cooling, and reduces stress and deformation after welding; Step 7: Then, the circulation pump 510 is turned on to flow the coolant into the cooling pool 507, and the height of the overflow adjustment pipe 516 is adjusted to ensure that the coolant is submerged by 1-3 mm from the lower surface of the vacuum container flange (the lower surface of the vacuum container flange 503 is provided with an annular groove for installing an O-ring). By submerging the lower surface of the vacuum container flange by 1-3 mm, the coolant can be evenly cooled, thereby reducing the residual stress on the vacuum container flange and the deformation of the weldment; Step 8: Turn on the welding equipment on the manipulator to perform three filler welds on the joints of the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder, and one cover weld to complete the welding. Start the temperature-controlled water tank and circulating pump to control the coolant temperature at 65-75°C to ensure that the weldment is heated evenly during welding to reduce residual stress and deformation. Step 9: After welding, disassemble the vacuum container.

[0043] In the above steps, the thickness of the flange is 10mm, the thickness of the cylinder plate is 5mm, the diameter of the cylinder is 200mm, the diameter of the flange is 250-300mm, the material is 304 stainless steel, the flange has a single-sided V-shaped groove, the groove angle is 55°, and the blunt edge is 2mm; the coolant temperature is set to 70°C; argon arc welding is used, the argon purity is 99.99%, the current of the welding equipment is 125A, and the welding voltage is 22V; the welding wire is flux-cored welding wire; the welding speed is 60-90mm / min; the acetylene pressure used by the flame gun is adjusted to 0.05Mpa, the oxygen pressure is adjusted to 0.2Mpa, the temperature of the flame spray at the welding seam position is 150 degrees Celsius, and the heating time is 5 minutes to eliminate internal stress.

[0044] After the preheating in the above steps is completed and before spot welding, the two horizontal cylinders are moved again (telescopic action) to ensure that the vacuum container barrel and the vacuum container flange are concentric (because the preheating flame thrust may cause the two to be eccentric, so the re-alignment before welding in multiple small sections can ensure that the two are concentric).

[0045] The comparison table of the effects of different coolant temperatures and different preheating times on welding quality in the above process steps is as follows (preheating for 1 minute corresponds to one rotation of the vacuum container flange):

[0046] Through the analysis of the above experimental table, the deformation is minimized when the preheating time is set to 5 minutes and the coolant temperature is 70±5℃.

[0047] Advantages of the present invention: 1. The present application provides a flame gun to preheat the joint between the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder to eliminate internal stress, thereby improving the welding quality from the first level; 2. The present application is provided with a cooling device, the coolant is ethylene glycol type coolant, and the welding temperature is maintained at a certain temperature so that the flange shape of the welded vacuum container becomes smaller, which plays a role in the quality of welding at the second level; 3. The vacuum container cylinder clamp is provided in the present application, which can ensure the concentricity of the vacuum container cylinder and the vacuum container flange, and improve the welding quality on the third level; 4. The present application sets a temperature sensor and a circulating pump in the cooling device, and the temperature-controlled water tank can accurately control the temperature of the coolant; 5. The present application provides an overflow adjustment pipe and an O-ring in the cooling pool to adjust the coolant level to be 1-3 mm above the lower surface of the flange according to different workpieces, so as to minimize deformation.

[0048] The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and changes.

Claims

1. A welding device for a vacuum container, characterized in that: The invention comprises a welding platform (5) with a cooling device and a welding manipulator (3), wherein the welding manipulator (3) is mounted on a transverse linear track (2), and the transverse linear track (2) is fixed on a wall (1); the welding platform (5) comprises a platform support frame (504), a cooling device arranged on the platform support frame (504), and a clamp support frame (506), wherein a vacuum container flange (503) is installed in the cooling device, and a clamp support frame (506) is installed on the clamp support frame (506) for clamping a vacuum container cylinder (501) and maintaining the vacuum container cylinder. A vacuum container cylinder clamp (502) is provided to ensure that the vacuum container cylinder (501) and the vacuum container flange (503) are coaxial. The welding manipulator is provided with a welding gun for welding the joint between the vacuum container cylinder and the vacuum container flange. The platform support frame is provided with a flame gun (505), the flame of the flame gun is directed toward the joint between the vacuum container cylinder (501) and the vacuum container flange (503). The cooling device is provided with a rotating mechanism for driving the vacuum container flange (503) and the vacuum container cylinder (501) to rotate synchronously.

2. The welding equipment for a vacuum container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device comprises a cooling pool (507) and a rotating mechanism connected to the cooling pool (507); the rotating mechanism comprises a chuck (513) located in the cooling pool (507) and used to clamp a vacuum container flange (503); a rotating shaft (519) fixedly connected to the chuck (513); and a rotating motor (518) located outside the cooling pool (507); the rotating motor (518) drives the chuck (513) and the vacuum container flange (503) thereon to rotate by driving the rotating shaft (519) to rotate; a circulating pump (510), a temperature-controlled water tank (517), and a circulating pipeline (520) in communication with the cooling pool (507), the circulating pump (510), and the temperature-controlled water tank (517) are provided below the cooling pool (507) to realize the circulation and temperature control of water in the cooling pool (507).

3. The welding equipment for a vacuum container according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circulation pipeline (520) comprises three sections, namely a first section, a second section and a third section; the inlet of the first section is connected to the liquid outlet of the cooling pool (507); the outlet of the first section is connected to the inlet of the temperature-controlled water tank (517); the outlet of the temperature-controlled water tank (517) is connected to the inlet of the second section; the outlet of the second section is connected to the inlet of the circulation pump (510); the outlet of the circulation pump (510) is connected to the inlet of the third section; and the outlet of the third section is connected to the liquid return port of the cooling pool (507).

4. The welding equipment for a vacuum container according to claim 3, characterized in that: An inner tube (521) is fixedly mounted on the liquid outlet of the cooling pool (507); an overflow adjustment tube (516) capable of being raised and lowered is sleeved on the inner tube (521); an upper end of the overflow adjustment tube (516) is lower than the highest water level of the cooling pool (507); the coolant in the cooling pool (507) overflows into the temperature-controlled water tank (517) through the upper end of the overflow adjustment tube (516); the coolant in the cooling pool (507) is ethylene glycol-type coolant.

5. The welding equipment for a vacuum container according to claim 4, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (515) is installed in the cooling pool (507); a drain port and a drain pipe (508) with a drain valve (509) connected to the drain port are provided at the lower part of the cooling pool (507).

6. The welding equipment for a vacuum container according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the cooling pool (507) is provided with a through hole, a sealing seat (514) is installed in the through hole, the sealing seat (514) is an annular stepped sleeve, the annular flange on the upper part of the sealing seat (514) is locked on the outer periphery of the through hole, the lower part of the sealing seat (514) is connected to the rotating motor (518), a bearing (511) is installed in the stepped groove at the center of the sealing seat (514), the rotating shaft (519) is passed through the bearing (511), the boss at the upper end of the rotating shaft (519) is fixedly connected to the clamping seat (513), and a rotating sealing ring (512) is installed between the boss at the upper end of the rotating shaft (519) and the annular flange on the upper part of the sealing seat (514).

7. The welding equipment for a vacuum container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower surface of the vacuum container flange (503) is provided with an annular groove for mounting a sealing ring, and the upper end of the overflow adjustment pipe (516) is 1-3 mm higher than the lower surface of the vacuum container flange (503), so that the cooling water level of the cooling pool (507) is 1-3 mm higher than the lower surface of the vacuum container flange (503).

8. The welding equipment for a vacuum container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform support frame (504) is provided with a clamp support frame (506) on two opposite sides of the cooling pool (507) of the cooling device, and the clamp support frame (506) includes a vertical plate (5061) and a horizontal plate (5062) vertically connected to the vertical plate, and a transverse plate (5063) is vertically provided at the front end of the horizontal plate, and a horizontal cylinder (5064) is horizontally installed on the horizontal plate, and the front end limit of the horizontal cylinder is installed on the transverse plate. The telescopic rod of the horizontal cylinder passes through the central hole of the transverse plate and an arc plate (5065) is installed on the free end of the telescopic rod. Slide rods (5066) are fixedly installed on both sides of the arc plate, and the slide rods pass through the through holes on both sides of the transverse plate to achieve horizontal sliding. When the telescopic rods of the two horizontal cylinders are extended, the central axis surrounded by the arc plates is coaxial with the rotation center line of the rotating mechanism.

9. A welding process for a vacuum container as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Step 1: placing the vacuum container flange on the chuck, and clamping and fixing the vacuum container flange (503) by locking the chuck; Step 2: placing the vacuum container cylinder (501) on the vacuum container flange (503); Step 3: The vacuum container barrel clamp (502) is actuated, that is, the vacuum container barrel is pushed by two horizontal cylinders so that the vacuum container barrel is concentric with the vacuum container flange. Step 4: releasing the clamping of the vacuum container cylinder by the vacuum container cylinder clamp (502), and driving the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder to rotate synchronously by the rotating mechanism, and the rotating motor operates to drive the rotating shaft (519), the chuck (513) and the vacuum container flange thereon and the vacuum container cylinder to rotate synchronously; Step 5: Turn on the flame gun to preheat the joint between the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder by spraying flame. The flame spraying position of the flame gun is directly opposite to the welding seam position. The temperature of the flame spraying at the welding seam position is 100-250 degrees Celsius. The driving motor drives the chuck to drive the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder to rotate one circle per minute. The heating time is 2-7 minutes to eliminate the internal stress. The temperature of the flame spraying at the welding seam position is preferably 150 degrees Celsius, and the preferred heating time is 5 minutes, that is, the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder rotate 5 circles, and the flame sprays the welding seam 5 times to ensure uniform preheating; Step 6: After the preheating is completed, the welding equipment on the manipulator uses spot welding to perform positioning welding on the joints of the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder. There are four positioning welds, and the four positioning welds are 90° apart. Then the weld is welded on the bottom surface by the back welding method, that is, the joint of the entire circumference is divided into 4 short welds, that is, there is a short weld between two spot welding points, and each section is welded from back to front. Each section is welded in turn, and the end point of each section coincides with the starting point of the previous section; Step 7: Then, the circulation pump (510) is turned on to allow the coolant to flow into the cooling pool (507), and the height of the overflow adjustment pipe (516) is adjusted to ensure that the coolant is submerged by 1-3 mm from the lower surface of the vacuum container flange. By submerging the coolant by 1-3 mm from the lower surface of the vacuum container flange, the coolant can be evenly cooled, thereby reducing the residual stress on the vacuum container flange and the deformation of the weldment. Step 8: Turn on the welding equipment on the manipulator to perform three filler welds on the joints between the vacuum container flange and the vacuum container cylinder, and one cover weld. The welding is completed, and the temperature-controlled water tank and circulating pump are started to control the coolant temperature at 65-75°C; Step 9: After welding, disassemble the vacuum container.

10. The welding process for a vacuum container according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the steps, the thickness of the flange is 10mm, the thickness of the cylinder plate is 5mm, the diameter of the cylinder is 200mm, the diameter of the flange is 250-300mm, the material is 304 stainless steel, the flange has a single-sided V-shaped groove, the groove angle is 55°, and the blunt edge is 2mm; the coolant temperature is set to 70°C; argon arc welding is adopted, the argon purity is 99.99%, the current of the welding equipment is 125A, and the welding voltage is 22V; the welding wire is a flux-cored welding wire; the welding speed is 60-90mm / min; the acetylene pressure used by the flame gun is adjusted to 0.05Mpa, the oxygen pressure is adjusted to 0.2Mpa, the temperature of the flame spray at the welding seam position is 150 degrees Celsius, and the heating time is 5 minutes to eliminate internal stress.

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