Organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer processing equipment and method

Abstract

The invention relates to organic fertilizer processing, in particular to organic fertilizer, and provides organic fertilizer processing equipment and an organic fertilizer processing method in order to solve the problems of air permeability and heat preservation. Comprising a heat absorbing body for storing heat through illumination, a perforated tray for conducting heat is arranged at the upper end of the heat absorbing body, and a breathable layer for bearing materials is laid at the upper end of the perforated tray. The heat absorption body is used for storing heat through illumination, and heat is released when the environment is low in temperature. The lower concave cambered surfaces are distributed on the upper end face of the heat absorbing body, so that an air channel is formed between the perforated tray and the heat absorbing body, and the ventilation effect is improved. Covering a heat preservation film, such as a polyethylene film or a polyolefin film, on the compost for heat preservation. The fan is used for supplying air into the heat preservation film, airflow is exhausted from the ventilation holes in the front side, and therefore the temperature is adjusted, and the oxygen amount is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to organic fertilizer processing, and more specifically to an organic fertilizer, an organic fertilizer processing device and a method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional composting methods such as open-air composting or trough composting usually rely on natural ventilation to provide oxygen. However, this method often fails to evenly distribute oxygen, resulting in anaerobic areas inside the pile, producing odors such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia and reducing composting efficiency. Improved equipment attempts to improve air permeability by adding vents or forced ventilation systems, but these designs often fail to take into account thermal insulation, resulting in excessive heat loss and difficulty in maintaining the temperature of the pile within the optimal range, thus affecting the activity of microorganisms. During the composting process, the high temperature stage is a critical period for killing pathogens and weed seeds. However, when the thermal insulation performance of traditional composting equipment is poor, the temperature of the pile tends to drop rapidly, resulting in an extended fermentation cycle or incomplete composting. Some equipment also attempts to maintain temperature through electric heating devices, but these methods are often costly and may affect the air permeability of the equipment, resulting in insufficient oxygen supply. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides an organic fertilizer, an organic fertilizer processing device and a method, aiming to improve the air permeability and heat preservation effects.

[0004] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] An organic fertilizer processing device comprises a heat absorber which utilizes light to store heat, a perforated tray for heat conduction is arranged on the upper end of the heat absorber, and a breathable layer for carrying materials is laid on the upper end of the perforated tray.

[0006] The heat absorber includes a black flexible rubber shell with liquid stored inside; or, the black metal shell stores a phase change material that absorbs heat and changes from solid to liquid.

[0007] The upper end surface of the heat absorber is provided with a concave arc surface, so that an air passage is formed between the perforated tray and the heat absorber.

[0008] The perforated trays are made of aluminum, galvanized steel or stainless steel with anti-corrosion treatment.

[0009] The air permeable layer is one or more of a straw layer, a branch layer, a coconut bran or a coconut shell fiber layer.

[0010] When the heat absorbing body includes a black flexible rubber shell, a lifting mechanism for controlling the lifting of the heat absorbing body is fixed to the bottom of the tray.

[0011] Support ribs are built above the heat absorber and the perforated tray.

[0012] A first heat-insulating body is arranged on the periphery of the supporting ribs.

[0013] An organic fertilizer processing method, using the above-mentioned organic fertilizer processing equipment, comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Crop residues as carbon source materials, livestock and poultry manure as nitrogen source materials, pH value adjustment materials and mineral supplement materials are mixed and placed on a breathable layer for fermentation, and the highest temperature stage is maintained at 50-70°C;

[0015] Step 2: Screening to remove incompletely decomposed substances;

[0016] Step 3: Drying.

[0017] An organic fertilizer is processed by the processing method to have a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25:1-30:1 and a water content of 50%-60%.

[0018] The organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer processing equipment and method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The heat absorber is used to store heat under sunlight and release heat when the environment is low. The upper end surface of the heat absorber is distributed with a concave arc surface, so that an air channel is formed between the perforated tray and the heat absorber to increase the ventilation effect. A thermal insulation film, such as a polyethylene film or a polyolefin film, is covered on the compost to keep it warm. A fan is used to send air into the thermal insulation film, and the airflow is discharged from the ventilation holes on the front side, thereby adjusting the temperature and increasing the oxygen content. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an organic fertilizer processing plant is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 A top view of an organic fertilizer processing facility is shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a heat absorber, a concave curved surface, a tray with holes, a lifting mechanism and a first heat-insulating body;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the base ribs, motor, movable ribs, second insulation body, supporting ribs and fan;

[0024] Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 6 A side view of the heat absorber is shown;

[0026] Figure 7 Shows Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0027] In the figure: heat absorbing body 101, concave arc surface 102, tray with holes 103, lifting mechanism 104, air permeable layer 105, first heat-insulating body 106, base ribs 201, motor 202, movable ribs 203, second heat-insulating body 204, supporting ribs 205, fan 206. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] An organic fertilizer processing device, a heat absorber 101, the heat absorber 101 includes a black elastic rubber shell, the black elastic rubber shell can be a spliced ​​fixed structure, or an integrated structure and fixed and connected with an inlet and outlet pipe, the black elastic rubber shell stores liquid inside, and the liquid can be water; or the heat absorber 101 includes a black metal shell inside which stores a phase change material that absorbs heat and converts from solid to liquid. Thus, the heat absorber 101 is used to store heat by light and release heat when the environment is low temperature. A perforated tray 103 for heat conduction is laid on the upper end of the heat absorber 101. The perforated tray 103 is made of aluminum, galvanized steel or stainless steel with an anti-corrosion treatment on the surface, and the holes on it are used for ventilation. A breathable layer 105 for carrying materials is laid on the upper end of the perforated tray 103. The breathable layer 105 is one or more of a straw layer, a branch layer, a coconut bran or a coconut shell fiber layer, so that the materials are piled above the breathable layer 105, and the bottom can be breathable. The upper end surface of the heat absorber 101 is provided with a concave arc surface 102, so that an air passage is formed between the perforated tray 103 and the heat absorber 101, thereby increasing the ventilation effect.

[0029] On the other hand, when the heat absorber 101 includes a black flexible rubber shell, a lifting mechanism 104 for controlling the lifting of the tray 103 is fixed to the bottom of the tray 103. The lifting mechanism 104 can be an electric telescopic cylinder. The top of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixed to the edge of the tray 103. When the tray 103 descends, the heat absorber 101 can be squeezed to deform, thereby increasing the contact area between the heat absorber 101 and the tray 103, increasing the heat conduction area, improving the heat conduction efficiency, and adjusting the heating effect. The first heat preservation body 106 is wrapped around the periphery of the heat absorber 101, and the height of the first heat preservation body 106 is not higher than the concave arc surface 102.

[0030] Further, support ribs 205 are built above the heat absorber 101 and the perforated tray 103, so that a heat-insulating film, such as a polyethylene film or a polyolefin film, is covered on the compost for heat preservation. Preferably, a second heat-insulating body 204 is arranged outside the support ribs 205, and the bottom of the heat-insulating film is fixed on the first heat-insulating body 106.

[0031] Preferably, a base rib 201 is fixed to the right side of the upper end of the second thermal insulation body 204, the right end of the thermal insulation film is fixed to the base rib 201, a motor 202 is arranged behind the thermal insulation film, and an active rib 203 is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 202. The lowest position of the active rib 203 is located on the left side of the upper end of the second thermal insulation body 204. From this position, the active rib 203 rotates clockwise around the motor 202 and gradually rises to pass through the support rib 205.

[0032] Furthermore, a ventilation hole is respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the second insulation body 204, and a fan 206 is provided on the outside of the insulation film. The air outlet of the fan 206 is fixedly connected and connected to one end of the pipeline, and the other end of the pipeline is fixedly connected to the second insulation body 204 and connected to the ventilation hole located on the rear side, so that the fan 206 can be used to supply air to the inside of the insulation film, and the airflow is discharged from the ventilation hole located on the front side, thereby adjusting the temperature and increasing the oxygen content.

[0033] The organic fertilizer processing method comprises the following steps:

[0034] Crop residues as carbon source materials, livestock and poultry manure as nitrogen source materials, pH value adjusting materials and mineral supplement materials are mixed and placed on the air permeable layer 105 for fermentation, including a heating stage, a high temperature stage, a cooling stage and a mature stage, until the compost becomes loose, has very little odor, and is dark brown. The highest temperature stage is maintained at 50-70°C; the pH value is maintained at 6-8, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25:1-30:1, and the moisture content is 50%-60%. Finally, it is screened to remove incompletely decomposed substances and dried and packaged.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer processing equipment, characterized in that, The invention comprises a heat absorber (101) for storing heat by utilizing light, wherein a perforated tray (103) for heat conduction is arranged at the upper end of the heat absorber (101), and a breathable layer (105) for carrying materials is laid at the upper end of the perforated tray (103).

2. The organic fertilizer processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat absorber (101) comprises a black flexible rubber shell and stores liquid inside; or, the black metal shell stores a phase change material that absorbs heat and changes from a solid state to a liquid state.

3. The organic fertilizer processing equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the heat absorber (101) is provided with a concave arc surface (102), so that an air passage is formed between the perforated tray (103) and the heat absorber (101).

4. The organic fertilizer processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforated tray (103) is made of aluminum, galvanized steel or stainless steel with anti-corrosion treatment on the surface.

5. The organic fertilizer processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air permeable layer (105) is one or more of a straw layer, a branch layer, a coconut husk layer or a coconut shell fiber layer.

6. The organic fertilizer processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the heat absorber (101) includes a black flexible rubber shell, a lifting mechanism (104) for controlling the lifting of the tray (103) is fixed to the bottom of the tray (103).

7. The organic fertilizer processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Support ribs (205) are built above the heat absorber (101) and the perforated tray (103).

8. The organic fertilizer processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first heat-insulating body (106) is disposed on the periphery of the supporting rib (205).

9. An organic fertilizer processing method, characterized in that: Using the organic fertilizer processing equipment according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Crop residues as carbon source materials, livestock and poultry manure as nitrogen source materials, pH value adjustment materials and mineral supplement materials are mixed and placed on a breathable layer (105) for fermentation, and the highest temperature stage is maintained at 50-70°C; Step 2: Screening to remove incompletely decomposed substances; Step 3: Drying.

10. An organic fertilizer, characterized in that: When processed by the processing method described in claim 9, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25:1-30:1, and the moisture content is 50%-60%.

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