Downdraft biomass carbonization furnace

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace, and relates to the technical field of biomass utilization. Comprising a support, a material distribution furnace, a drying furnace and an oxidizing furnace, the material distribution furnace is installed on the support, the drying furnace is installed at the bottom end of the material distribution furnace, the oxidizing furnace is installed on the support, the oxidizing furnace is located at the bottom end of the drying furnace, the oxidizing furnace is communicated with the drying furnace, and the drying furnace is arranged in an inverted conical shape; and a material distribution mechanism is mounted in the material distribution furnace. Uniform dispersion and falling of materials can be accelerated; raw materials adhered to the inner wall of the equipment can be stripped, uneven heating of the equipment caused by material caking is prevented, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged; materials can be conveyed stage by stage, sealing in the furnace is ensured, and a large amount of air is prevented from entering to affect carbonization; and carbonized products can be continuously discharged, and combustible gas can be transferred.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass utilization, in particular to a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace. Background Art

[0002] Traditional energy releases a large amount of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide during the combustion process, while biomass energy, as a renewable energy source, is relatively environmentally friendly during its growth, harvesting, processing and use. my country has extremely rich biomass resources. The large amount of straw generated in agricultural production, the residues from logging and processing in forestry production, and wood waste in daily life are all biomass resources.

[0003] At present, biomass carbonization furnaces usually include a metal furnace body, a carbonization chamber and a heat supply device. The carbonization chamber is the core device of the equipment. The interior of the carbonization chamber is usually a high-temperature, oxygen-deficient environment to promote the pyrolysis reaction of biomass. The generated combustible gas and the remaining solid materials are then collected separately.

[0004] In the downdraft biomass carbonization furnace currently used, the biomass raw materials are dispersed into the furnace, and the materials squeeze each other, which will increase the stacking density and facilitate carbonization. However, at the same time, there is a situation where the materials stick to the wall. The materials will gradually harden in the heat radiation after long-term adhesion to the wall, which will cause uneven heating of the furnace body and reduce the service life.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace is provided to solve the problems of the existing background.

[0007] In a first aspect of the present invention, a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace is provided.

[0008] The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace comprises: a support, a distribution furnace, a drying furnace and an oxidation furnace, wherein the distribution furnace is installed on the support, the drying furnace is installed at the bottom end of the distribution furnace, the oxidation furnace is installed on the support, and the oxidation furnace is located at the bottom end of the drying furnace, and the oxidation furnace is connected with the drying furnace, and the drying furnace is arranged in an inverted cone shape;

[0009] A material distribution mechanism is installed in the material distribution furnace;

[0010] The material distribution mechanism comprises: a first motor, a material distribution disc, a mounting rod, a first paddle, a second paddle, a rotating frame and a scraper. The first motor is mounted on the top of the inner cavity of the material distribution furnace. The material distribution disc is mounted on the output end of the first motor. The surface of the material distribution disc is a mesh structure, and the material distribution disc is in contact with the inner wall of the material distribution furnace. A plurality of material pushing assemblies are circumferentially mounted in the material distribution furnace. The rotating frame is mounted on the lower surface of the material distribution disc. There are a plurality of scrapers, which are equidistantly mounted on the lower surface of the rotating frame.

[0011] The pushing assembly includes two mounting rods, a first paddle and a second paddle. The two mounting rods are respectively mounted on the inner wall of the distribution furnace. There are a plurality of first paddles which are equidistantly mounted on the lower surface of one mounting rod. There are a plurality of second paddles which are equidistantly mounted on the lower surface of the other mounting rod. The first paddle and the second paddle are in contact with the distribution plate.

[0012] Preferably, the first paddles and the second paddles are both arranged in a V-shape, and the first paddles and the second paddles installed on the lower surfaces of the two mounting rods are respectively arranged alternately.

[0013] Preferably, the scraper blade is divided into a vertical section and an inclined section, the inclined section is inclined from top to bottom toward the central axis of the drying furnace, and the scraper blade is in contact with the inner wall of the drying furnace.

[0014] Preferably, a feeding mechanism is provided at the top of the distribution furnace;

[0015] The feeding mechanism includes: a feeding bin, an electric push rod and a control panel. The feeding bin is a hollow structure with upper and lower openings. The electric push rod is installed on the feeding bin. The control panel is slidably installed in the feeding bin, and the control panel is connected to the output end of the electric push rod.

[0016] Preferably, there are two feeding mechanisms, connected in the vertical direction;

[0017] The connection between the feed bin at the bottom and the distribution furnace is eccentrically arranged.

[0018] Preferably, a discharging mechanism is installed in the oxidation furnace;

[0019] One end of an output pipe is installed on the lower surface of the oxidation furnace, and a fan is installed on the other end of the output pipe.

[0020] Preferably, the discharging mechanism comprises: a fixing frame, an extrusion cylinder, an isolation net and a partition, the fixing frame is installed in the oxidation furnace, the extrusion cylinder is installed in the fixing frame, the isolation net is installed between the fixing frame and the extrusion cylinder, the isolation net is arranged to be inclined downward from the outside to the inside, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the isolation net, and an exhaust cavity is formed between the extrusion cylinder and the oxidation furnace;

[0021] The partition is installed in the extrusion cylinder, and a discharge port is provided on the partition;

[0022] The space above the partition plate of the extrusion cylinder forms an oxidation chamber, and the inner wall of the oxidation chamber is provided with a heating wire.

[0023] Preferably, the discharging mechanism further comprises: a material pressing chamber, a scraper, an extrusion screw, a discharging pipe, a first gear, a second gear and a second motor, the extrusion barrel is located in the space below the partition to form a material pressing chamber, the scraper is rotatably installed at the center of the partition, the extrusion screw is rotatably installed in the material pressing chamber, and the extrusion screw is connected to the scraper, one end of the discharging pipe is connected to the material pressing chamber, and the other end of the discharging pipe is connected to the bottom end of the oxidation furnace, the first gear is rotatably installed at the center of the bottom end of the extrusion barrel, and the first gear is connected to the extrusion screw, the second gear is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the extrusion barrel, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear, the second motor is installed on the oxidation furnace, and the output end of the second motor is connected to the second gear;

[0024] The connection between the discharge pipe and the extrusion cylinder is eccentrically arranged;

[0025] The bottom end of the inner cavity of the material pressing cavity is tilted downward toward the direction of the material discharging pipe.

[0026] Preferably, a discharge mechanism is installed at the bottom end of the oxidation furnace.

[0027] Preferably, the discharge mechanism includes: a shell, a third motor, a pushing screw and a charcoal outlet, the shell is installed at the bottom end of the oxidation furnace, and the shell is connected to the bottom end of the discharge pipe, the third motor is installed on the shell, the pushing screw is rotatably installed in the shell, and the output end of the third motor is connected to one end of the pushing screw, the charcoal outlet is installed on the shell, and the axis of the charcoal outlet is inclined downward in the direction away from the shell.

[0028] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0029] 1. The present invention provides a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace, which disperses the raw materials by rotating the distribution plate, and uses the first paddle and the second paddle to pry the raw materials back and forth, thereby accelerating the uniform dispersion and falling of the materials.

[0030] 2. The cooperation of the rotating frame and the scraper in the present invention can peel off the raw materials adhering to the inner wall of the equipment, avoid the materials from agglomerating due to long-term adhesion, avoid uneven heating of the equipment due to agglomeration of materials, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0031] 3. The two feeding mechanisms in the present invention can transport materials in sections, ensuring that the furnace is always sealed and preventing a large amount of air from entering the furnace and affecting carbonization.

[0032] 4. The discharging mechanism in the present invention can continuously carry out biomass carbonization and discharge, and automatically discharge the carbonized biomass and transfer and discharge the combustible gas.

[0033] In summary, the present invention can accelerate the uniform dispersion and falling of materials; it can also peel off the raw materials stuck on the inner wall of the equipment, prevent the materials from agglomerating and causing uneven heating of the equipment, and extend the life of the equipment; it can transport materials in stages, ensure the sealing of the furnace, and prevent a large amount of air from entering and affecting carbonization; it can also continuously discharge the carbonized products and transfer combustible gases.

[0034] It should be understood that the contents described in the summary of the invention are not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, wherein:

[0036] Figure 1 It shows a schematic structural diagram of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rear side structure of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a feeding mechanism of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a feeding mechanism of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a charging furnace and a charging mechanism of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a scraper of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 7 A top view of a mounting rod of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of an oxidation furnace of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an oxidation furnace of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0045] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of an oxidation furnace and a discharging mechanism of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Fig.11 A front cross-sectional view of an oxidation furnace of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0048] Fig.13 A front cross-sectional view of an extrusion barrel of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0049] Fig.14 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a discharge mechanism of a downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0050] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0051] 1. Bracket, 2. Distribution furnace, 3. Drying furnace, 4. Oxidation furnace, 5. Feeding mechanism, 51. Feeding bin, 52. Electric push rod, 53. Control panel, 6. Distribution mechanism, 61. First motor, 62. Distribution plate, 63. Mounting rod, 64. First paddle, 65. Second paddle, 66. Rotating frame, 67. Scraper, 7. Output pipe, 8. Fan, 9. Discharging mechanism, 91. Fixed frame, 92. Extrusion Cylinder, 93, isolation net, 94, partition, 94a, discharge port, 95, oxidation chamber, 96, pressing chamber, 97, heating wire, 98, scraper, 99, extrusion screw, 910, discharge pipe, 911, first gear, 912, second gear, 913, second motor, 10, exhaust chamber, 11, discharge mechanism, 111, housing, 112, third motor, 113, pushing screw, 114, charcoal outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] In addition, the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the downdraft biomass carbonization furnace comprises: a support 1, a distribution furnace 2, a drying furnace 3, an oxidation furnace 4 and a discharge mechanism 11. The distribution furnace 2, the drying furnace 3, the oxidation furnace 4 and the discharge mechanism 11 are connected in sequence from top to bottom and are all installed on the support 1. The drying furnace 3 is installed at the bottom end of the distribution furnace 2, and the oxidation furnace 4 is located at the bottom end of the drying furnace 3, and the oxidation furnace 4 is connected to the drying furnace 3. The drying furnace 3 is set in an inverted cone shape. The oxidation furnace 4 can carbonize the biomass raw materials, specifically, the raw materials are decomposed into coke by heat in an oxygen-free environment and release combustible gas. At the same time, the heat generated during carbonization can be gradually radiated upward, so that the materials in the drying furnace 3 can be heated and dried. The raw materials enter the drying furnace 3 from top to bottom and will be concentrated as the inner cavity gradually shrinks. At the same time, the diameter of the material falling passage is reduced, the amount of material falling per unit time is reduced, and the time the material stays in the drying furnace 3 is extended, so that the time for the raw materials to be dried by heat radiation is extended.

[0055] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a distribution mechanism 6 is installed in the distribution furnace 2, and the distribution mechanism 6 includes: a first motor 61, a distribution disc 62, a mounting rod 63, a first paddle 64, a second paddle 65, a rotating frame 66 and a scraper 67. The first motor 61 is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the distribution furnace 2, and the distribution disc 62 is installed at the output end of the first motor 61. The surface of the distribution disc 62 is a mesh structure, and the distribution disc 62 contacts the inner wall of the distribution furnace 2. The biomass raw material used in this embodiment is a granular raw material cut from trees and straws. The mesh number of the distribution disc 62 is adapted to the biomass raw material particles. The biomass raw material falling from the top will fall on the distribution disc 62, and the raw material can pass through the mesh of the distribution disc 62. Turning on the first motor 61 can drive the distribution disc 62 to rotate, change the relative position of the raw material falling on the distribution disc 62, and promote the falling of the raw material. Several groups of pusher assemblies are installed in the distribution furnace 2 along the circumferential direction. The pusher assemblies can move the biomass raw materials while the distribution disk 62 rotates to avoid raw material blockage. The pusher assembly includes two mounting rods 63, a first paddle 64 and a second paddle 65. The two mounting rods 63 are respectively mounted on the inner wall of the distribution furnace 2. There are several first paddles 64, which are equidistantly mounted on the lower surface of one mounting rod 63, and there are several second paddles 65, which are equidistantly mounted on the lower surface of the other mounting rod 63. The first paddle 64 and the second paddle 65 fit the distribution disk 62. The first paddle 64 and the second paddle 65 are both arranged in a V shape. The first paddle 64 and the second paddle 65 installed on the lower surfaces of the two mounting rods 63 are arranged alternately. In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the distribution disk 62 corresponds to the tip direction of the first paddle 64 and the second paddle 65, and the raw materials can be pushed to both sides by the first paddle 64 and the second paddle 65 along the inclined surfaces of their respective outer walls. The rotating frame 66 is installed on the lower surface of the material distribution plate 62, and there are a number of scrapers 67, which are equidistantly installed on the lower surface of the rotating frame 66. The scrapers 67 are divided into a vertical section and an inclined section. The inclined section is inclined from top to bottom toward the central axis of the drying furnace 3, and the scrapers 67 are in contact with the inner wall of the drying furnace 3. The rotating frame 66 can rotate with the material distribution plate 62, and the raw materials passing through the material distribution plate 62 will fall into the drying furnace 3. After the scrapers 67 rotate, the raw materials stuck on the inner wall of 3 can be peeled off.

[0056] When the above structure is in use, the first motor 61 is turned on to drive the material distribution plate 62 to rotate. When the raw material falls from top to bottom on the material distribution plate 62, the material can fall evenly and dispersedly as the material distribution plate 62 rotates. In this process, the material distribution plate 62 drives the raw material to move in a circular motion. When the material contacts the tip of the first paddle 64, it will be pushed away along the outer wall of the first paddle 64 and move between two adjacent first paddles 64. Then, when this part of the raw material contacts the second paddle 65, it can continue to be peeled off to both sides along the outer wall of the second paddle 65, thereby ensuring that the raw material is moved back and forth as the material distribution plate 62 rotates, accelerating the dispersion and falling of the raw material. At the same time, the rotating frame 66 will rotate with the material distribution plate 62. When the raw material enters the drying furnace 3, the scraper 67 will scrape the material on the inner wall of the drying furnace 3.

[0057] During use, the structure can make the raw materials fall by rotating the material distribution plate 62, and accelerate the dispersion and falling of the raw materials by moving the first paddle 64 and the second paddle 65 back and forth. At the same time, the scraper 67 can be used to peel off the stuck materials, so as to avoid uneven heating of the furnace body caused by long-term sticking of materials and extend the service life of the furnace body.

[0058] The top of the distribution furnace 2 is provided with a feeding mechanism 5. There are two feeding mechanisms 5, which are connected in the upper and lower directions. The connection between the feeding bin 51 at the bottom and the distribution furnace 2 is eccentrically arranged, so that the raw materials entering the distribution furnace 2 can fall on the eccentric position of the distribution plate 62, ensuring that the rotation of the distribution plate 62 can separate the raw materials and avoid accumulation. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the feeding mechanism 5 includes: a feeding bin 51, an electric push rod 52 and a control panel 53. The feeding bin 51 is a hollow structure with upper and lower openings. The electric push rod 52 is installed on the feeding bin 51. The control panel 53 is slidably installed in the feeding bin 51, and the control panel 53 is connected to the output end of the electric push rod 52. Starting the electric push rod 52 can move the control panel 53 in the feeding bin 51, so that the feeding passage of the feeding bin 51 is opened or closed. When in use, the raw materials are allowed to enter the feeding bin 51 located above by using a hoist, and then the electric push rod 52 located above is started to open the control panel 53 connected thereto to open the passage of the feeding bin 51, so that the raw materials enter the feeding bin 51 located below, and then the upper control panel 53 is closed. Opening the lower control panel 53 can allow the raw materials to enter the distribution furnace 2, so as to ensure that the distribution furnace 2 is always in a closed state during the unloading process.

[0059] A discharge mechanism 9 is installed in the oxidation furnace 4. Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13As shown, the discharging mechanism 9 includes: a fixed frame 91, an extrusion barrel 92, an isolation net 93, a partition 94, an oxidation chamber 95, a pressing chamber 96, an electric heating wire 97, a scraper 98, an extrusion screw 99, a discharging pipe 910, a first gear 911, a second gear 912 and a second motor 913. The fixed frame 91 is installed in the oxidation furnace 4, the extrusion barrel 92 is installed in the fixed frame 91, and the isolation net 93 is installed between the fixed frame 91 and the extrusion barrel 92. The isolation net 93 is arranged downwardly from the outside to the inside, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the isolation net 93, and the number of through holes is smaller than the size of the raw material particles. The extrusion barrel 92 is located in the space above the partition 94 to form an oxidation chamber 95. The raw material falls through the contracted drying furnace 3 and gradually spreads. When part of it falls on the isolation net 93, it can be blocked and slide into the oxidation chamber 95. The inner wall of the oxidation chamber 95 is provided with an electric heating wire 97. The electric heating wire 97 can be heated by connecting an external power supply to heat and oxidize the material in the oxidation chamber 95. The partition 94 is installed in the extrusion cylinder 92, and a discharge port 94a is provided on the partition 94. The raw material falls from the drying furnace 3 into the oxidation furnace 4 and falls on the partition 94, and is heated and oxidized in the oxidation chamber 95 to generate combustible gas, and the residue is converted into carbon slag, which then continues to fall through the discharge port 94a. The space below the partition 94 of the extrusion cylinder 92 forms a pressing chamber 96, and the scraper 98 is rotatably installed at the center of the partition 94. When the scraper 98 rotates, it can push the carbon slag on the partition 94 to move, so that the carbon slag automatically falls when it passes through the discharge port 94a. The extrusion screw 99 is rotatably mounted in the material pressing chamber 96, and the extrusion screw 99 is connected to the scraper 98, and the two can rotate synchronously. When the extrusion screw 99 rotates, the material in the material pressing chamber 96 can be gradually transported downward, wherein the part of the extrusion screw 99 with the spiral surface has a certain space from the bottom of the inner cavity of the material pressing chamber 96, and the longitudinal distance of the space is not less than 50cm. As the material is transported downward, the material at the bottom can be gradually pressed down. The first gear 911 is rotatably mounted at the center position of the bottom end of the extrusion barrel 92, and the first gear 911 is connected to the extrusion screw 99, the second gear 912 is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the extrusion barrel 92, and the second gear 912 is meshed with the first gear 911, the second motor 913 is mounted on the oxidation furnace 4, and the output end of the second motor 913 is connected to the second gear 912, turning on the second motor 913 can drive the second gear 912 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 911 and the extrusion screw 99 to rotate together. One end of the discharge pipe 910 is connected to the material pressing chamber 96, and the other end of the discharge pipe 910 is connected to the bottom end of the oxidation furnace 4, and the material in the material pressing chamber 96 can be discharged through the discharge pipe 910. The connection between the discharge pipe 910 and the extrusion cylinder 92 is eccentrically arranged to avoid the position of the first gear 911. The bottom end of the inner cavity of the material pressing chamber 96 is tilted downward toward the direction of the discharge pipe 910, and the material therein can gradually move to the position of the discharge pipe 910 for easy discharge.An exhaust chamber 10 is formed between the extrusion cylinder 92 and the oxidation furnace 4. One end of an output pipe 7 is installed on the lower surface of the oxidation furnace 4, and the end is located in the exhaust chamber 10. A fan 8 is installed on the other end of the output pipe 7. The air suction port of the fan 8 is connected to the output pipe 7. Turning on the fan 8 can create a negative pressure in the exhaust chamber 10, and the combustible gas generated by oxidation can be discharged along the output pipe 7. The combustible gas can be collected by connecting a collection container to the output port of the fan 8.

[0060] When the above structure is in use, the second motor 913 and the fan 8 are turned on, and the electric heating wire 97 is turned on at the same time. When the dried raw material falls from the drying furnace 3 into the oxidation furnace 4, it will fall into the oxidation chamber 95 on the partition 94. The heating wire 97 generates heat to cause the raw material at the bottom to begin to oxidize, and the raw material generates combustible gas and carbonizes. The combustible gas passes through the isolation net 93 and enters the exhaust chamber 10 and is discharged through the output pipe 7. At the same time, the second motor 913 drives the second gear 912 to rotate, and the first gear 911 drives the extrusion screw 99 and the scraper 98 to rotate. The scraper 98 pushes the carbonized slag close to the bottom of the oxidation chamber 95 to the discharge port 94a and falls. At the same time, it accumulates in the pressing chamber 96 with the conveyance of the extrusion screw 99, and then is discharged through the discharge pipe 910. In addition, in this process, the heat generated when the raw material is oxidized can be radiated upward, so that the temperature of the drying furnace 3 is increased, ensuring that the raw material in the drying furnace 3 can be initially dried.

[0061] This structure can gradually complete the carbonization of the raw materials and automatically suck out the combustible gas. The rotation of the scraper 98 can gradually discharge the carbon slag, and the rotation of the extrusion screw 99 can move the carbon slag downward for extrusion, thereby realizing the automatic discharge of the carbon slag.

[0062] refer to Figure 8 and Fig.14 , a discharge mechanism 11 is installed at the bottom end of the oxidation furnace 4. The discharge mechanism 11 includes: a shell 111, a third motor 112, a propulsion screw 113 and a carbon outlet 114. The shell 111 is installed at the bottom end of the oxidation furnace 4, and the shell 111 is connected to the bottom end of the discharge pipe 910, and the carbon slag discharged through the discharge pipe 910 can enter the shell 111. The third motor 112 is installed on the shell 111, and the propulsion screw 113 is rotatably installed in the shell 111, and the output end of the third motor 112 is connected to one end of the propulsion screw 113. Turning on the third motor 112 can drive the propulsion screw 113 to rotate, thereby moving the carbon slag along the axial direction of the propulsion screw 113. The carbon outlet 114 is installed on the shell 111, and the axis of the carbon outlet 114 is tilted downward in the direction away from the shell 111.

[0063] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downdraft biomass carbonization furnace, characterized in that: include: A support (1), a material distribution furnace (2), a drying furnace (3) and an oxidation furnace (4), wherein the material distribution furnace (2) is mounted on the support (1), the drying furnace (3) is mounted at the bottom end of the material distribution furnace (2), the oxidation furnace (4) is mounted on the support (1), and the oxidation furnace (4) is located at the bottom end of the drying furnace (3), and the oxidation furnace (4) is connected to the drying furnace (3), and the drying furnace (3) is arranged in an inverted cone shape; The distribution furnace (2) is provided with a distribution mechanism (6); The material distribution mechanism (6) comprises: a first motor (61), a material distribution disc (62), a mounting rod (63), a first paddle (64), a second paddle (65), a rotating frame (66) and a scraper (67); the first motor (61) is mounted on the top of the inner cavity of the material distribution furnace (2); the material distribution disc (62) is mounted on the output end of the first motor (61); the surface of the material distribution disc (62) is a mesh structure, and the material distribution disc (62) is in contact with the inner wall of the material distribution furnace (2); a plurality of material pushing components are circumferentially mounted in the material distribution furnace (2); the rotating frame (66) is mounted on the lower surface of the material distribution disc (62); and a plurality of scrapers (67) are equidistantly mounted on the lower surface of the rotating frame (66); The pusher assembly comprises two mounting rods (63), a first paddle (64) and a second paddle (65); the two mounting rods (63) are respectively mounted on the inner wall of the distribution furnace (2); there are a plurality of first paddles (64) which are respectively and equidistantly mounted on the lower surface of one mounting rod (63); there are a plurality of second paddles (65) which are respectively and equidistantly mounted on the lower surface of another mounting rod (63); the first paddle (64) and the second paddle (65) are in contact with the distribution plate (62).

2. The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first paddle (64) and the second paddle (65) are both arranged in a V-shape, and the first paddle (64) and the second paddle (65) installed on the lower surfaces of the two installation rods (63) are respectively arranged alternately.

3. The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper (67) is divided into a vertical section and an inclined section. The inclined section is inclined from top to bottom in the direction of the central axis of the drying furnace (3), and the scraper (67) is in contact with the inner wall of the drying furnace (3).

4. The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: A feeding mechanism (5) is provided at the top of the distribution furnace (2); The feeding mechanism (5) comprises: a feeding bin (51), an electric push rod (52) and a control panel (53); the feeding bin (51) is a hollow structure with upper and lower openings; the electric push rod (52) is mounted on the feeding bin (51); the control panel (53) is slidably mounted in the feeding bin (51); and the control panel (53) is connected to the output end of the electric push rod (52).

5. The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two feeding mechanisms (5), which are connected in the vertical direction; The connection between the feed bin (51) at the bottom and the distribution furnace (2) is eccentrically arranged.

6. The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A discharging mechanism (9) is installed in the oxidation furnace (4); One end of an output pipe (7) is installed on the lower surface of the oxidation furnace (4), and a fan (8) is installed on the other end of the output pipe (7).

7. The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharging mechanism (9) comprises: a fixing frame (91), an extrusion cylinder (92), an isolation net (93) and a partition (94); the fixing frame (91) is installed in the oxidation furnace (4); the extrusion cylinder (92) is installed in the fixing frame (91); the isolation net (93) is installed between the fixing frame (91) and the extrusion cylinder (92); the isolation net (93) is arranged to be inclined downward from the outside to the inside, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the isolation net (93); an exhaust chamber (10) is formed between the extrusion cylinder (92) and the oxidation furnace (4); The partition (94) is installed in the extrusion cylinder (92), and a discharge port (94a) is provided on the partition (94); The space above the partition plate (94) where the extrusion cylinder (92) is located forms an oxidation chamber (95), and an electric heating wire (97) is provided on the inner wall of the oxidation chamber (95).

8. The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The discharging mechanism (9) further comprises: a material pressing chamber (96), a scraper (98), an extrusion screw (99), a material discharging pipe (910), a first gear (911), a second gear (912) and a second motor (913); the extrusion cylinder (92) is located in a space below the partition (94) to form a material pressing chamber (96); the scraper (98) is rotatably mounted at the center of the partition (94); the extrusion screw (99) is rotatably mounted in the material pressing chamber (96); the extrusion screw (99) is connected to the scraper (98); one end of the material discharging pipe (910) is connected to the material pressing chamber (96); 96), the other end of the discharge pipe (910) is connected to the bottom end of the oxidation furnace (4), the first gear (911) is rotatably mounted at the center of the bottom end of the extrusion barrel (92), and the first gear (911) is connected to the extrusion screw (99), the second gear (912) is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the extrusion barrel (92), and the second gear (912) and the first gear (911) are meshed and connected, the second motor (913) is mounted on the oxidation furnace (4), and the output end of the second motor (913) is connected to the second gear (912); The connection between the discharge pipe (910) and the extrusion cylinder (92) is eccentrically arranged; The bottom end of the inner cavity of the material pressing cavity (96) is tilted downward in the direction of the material discharging pipe (910).

9. The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: A discharge mechanism (11) is installed at the bottom end of the oxidation furnace (4).

10. The downdraft biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The discharge mechanism (11) comprises: a housing (111), a third motor (112), a propulsion screw (113) and a charcoal outlet (114); the housing (111) is mounted at the bottom end of the oxidation furnace (4), and the housing (111) is connected to the bottom end of the discharge pipe (910); the third motor (112) is mounted on the housing (111); the propulsion screw (113) is rotatably mounted in the housing (111), and the output end of the third motor (112) is connected to one end of the propulsion screw (113); the charcoal outlet (114) is mounted on the housing (111), and the axis of the charcoal outlet (114) is tilted downward in a direction away from the housing (111).

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