Ionic liquid detergent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ionic liquid and detergents, in particular to an ionic liquid detergent and a preparation method and application thereof. The ionic liquid detergent comprises an ionic liquid solvent and antibacterial grease, the mass concentration of the antibacterial grease in the ionic liquid detergent is 1-12 wt%, the name of the ionic liquid solvent is [A] X, [A] represents a cation part, X represents an anion part, [A] is derived from an amino alcohol compound, and X is derived from a pyrimidine carboxylic acid derivative. The ionic liquid detergent has good cleaning and washing performance, no additional organic solvent, surfactant, softener, chelating agent or preservative is needed, and the ionic liquid detergent has green and environment-friendly characteristics. Due to the fact that in the cleaning and washing process, foam is rich, and the foam breaking performance is fast, the actual effects of saving water resources, reducing sewage discharge and reducing foam flooding of urban sewers and rivers can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ionic liquids and detergents, and in particular to an ionic liquid detergent, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Detergents are mainly composed of solvents, surfactants, chelating agents and preservatives. The decontamination effect of detergents depends on the solvents and surfactants in the detergents. At present, the detergent industry is still the field with the largest consumption of surfactants (Zhang Tianyi. The road to carbon neutrality in the cleaning industry [J]. Daily Chemical Science, 2022, 45(03): 7-11.). However, solvents and surfactants cause serious harm to the human body and environmental ecosystems during production and use. For example, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate has poor biodegradability, and the large amount of foam produced by its large-scale use in detergents has caused foam flooding in urban sewers and rivers. When used, surfactants containing phosphates cause "eutrophication" of river and lake water quality, causing great harm to the environment (Zhou Shujing, Feng Yanru, and Li Shuxian, ed., "Green Chemistry", Chemical Industry Press, 2023, 2nd edition).

[0003] Ionic liquids have unique properties such as non-volatility, non-flammability, thermal stability, chemical stability, and high solubility for many pollutants. Therefore, they have been proposed and proven to be used in the cleaning field, such as brushing to remove tiny pollutants, cleaning semiconductor wafers and integrated circuits, precision cleaning of aerospace components, removing oxide scale from metal surfaces, metal polishing, removing microorganisms, cleaning artworks, cleaning wellbores during oil and gas development, soil decontamination, and cleaning various consumer products (R. Kohli, KLMittal, chief editor, Cui Zhenggang, Song Binglei, Pei Xiaomei, translated "New Technology for Surface Cleaning", Chemical Industry Press, 2018, 1st edition).

[0004] However, the existing ionic liquid detergent technology still cannot completely replace traditional volatile organic solvents, surfactants, foaming agents, etc. For example, Chinese patent CN 1931989 B discloses a product based on ionic liquids and its use method, which is a mixture of multiple ionic liquids with imidazole, pyridine, quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium as cations to replace traditional organic solvents, and synthesize a series of detergents for different purposes, such as laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents, hard surface cleaning compositions, dry cleaning compositions, air care compositions, car care compositions, textile treatment compositions or industrial degreasing compositions. Among them, the ionic liquid accounts for 0.1% to 99.9% of the total amount of the detergent, water accounts for 0.01% to 50% of the total amount of the ionic liquid, and the auxiliary materials include surfactants, detergents, decontamination polymers, builders, foaming agents, co-solvents, such as ethanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, etc. It can be seen that even when the concentration of the mixed ionic liquid is as high as 50% to 99%, it cannot completely replace the organic solvent and is not cost-effective.

[0005] Chinese patent CN 118530183 A discloses a pyrimidine ionic liquid, a preparation method and an application thereof. The pyrimidine ionic liquid is a series of pyrimidine carboxylic acid and different nitrogen-containing cationic compounds. The pyrimidine ionic liquid solvents can completely replace traditional organic solvents and surfactants, and are used to dissolve poorly soluble APIs and prepare API preparations without any organic solvents. However, it does not disclose whether the pyrimidine ionic liquid has the properties of bubbles and bubble breaking, that is, it does not record whether the pyrimidine ionic liquid can be used as a detergent.

[0006] The first of the twelve principles of green chemistry is "pollution prevention is better than pollution control" (Edited by Zhou Shujing, Feng Yanru, and Li Shuxian, "Green Chemistry", Chemical Industry Press, 2023, 2nd edition). Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly ionic liquid detergent to completely replace volatile organic solvents, surfactants, softeners, chelating agents and preservatives that threaten the environment and health.

[0007] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide an ionic liquid detergent, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. The embodiment of the present invention provides an ionic liquid detergent, which can completely replace volatile organic solvents, surfactants, softeners, chelating agents and preservatives that threaten the environment and health, has excellent cleaning and washing performance, and has rich foam and fast foam breaking performance.

[0009] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an ionic liquid detergent, comprising an ionic liquid solvent and an antibacterial lipid, wherein the mass concentration of the antibacterial lipid in the ionic liquid detergent is 1-12 wt %, and the ionic liquid solvent is named [A]X, wherein [A] represents a cationic part, X represents an anionic part, [A] is derived from an amino alcohol compound, and X is derived from a pyrimidinecarboxylic acid derivative.

[0011] Since the ionic liquid [A]X is completely composed of cations and anions and has the characteristics of a green solvent, as well as the natural broad-spectrum antibacterial properties of antibacterial fats, the ionic liquid detergent provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be prepared without adding any additional organic solvents, surfactants, softeners, chelating agents and preservatives.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the ionic liquid detergent described in the aforementioned embodiment, comprising: mixing an ionic liquid solvent and an antibacterial lipid.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the ionic liquid detergent described in the aforementioned embodiment as a fabric detergent, air cleaner, antibacterial detergent, shampoo and skin cleanser, tableware and fruit and vegetable cleaner, refrigerator cleaner, as well as a ceramic, metal surface cleaner and aerospace equipment cleaner.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the embodiment of the present invention provides a new ionic liquid detergent, which does not require the addition of any traditional volatile organic solvents, surfactants, softeners, chelating agents and preservatives, and is therefore environmentally friendly and green; it also has excellent surface and air cleaning capabilities, as well as the natural broad-spectrum antibacterial function of the antibacterial grease itself; it has rich foam and rapid foam breaking properties, which can reduce the number of rinsing times, thereby saving water resources and reducing sewage discharge; it can be synthesized at low cost and low power consumption at low temperature, does not require vacuum conditions or special equipment, and has a simple and convenient preparation process; it meets almost all green requirements, including phosphate-free products, low temperature use, concentrated products, low-carbon processes, and natural raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 The test result diagram provided for Test Example 1 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a test result diagram provided for Test Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0019] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an ionic liquid detergent, comprising an ionic liquid solvent and an antibacterial lipid, wherein the mass concentration of the antibacterial lipid in the ionic liquid detergent is 1-12 wt %, and the ionic liquid solvent is named [A]X, wherein [A] represents a cationic part, X represents an anionic part, [A] is derived from an amino alcohol compound, and X is derived from a pyrimidinecarboxylic acid derivative.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present invention, the antibacterial lipid is selected from C6-C22 carboxylic acid or C6-C22 carboxylic acid monoglyceride. For example, the antibacterial lipid is selected from caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeuric acid, ricinoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and their corresponding monoglycerides. Specifically, the structural formula of the compound is as follows:

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] The molar ratio of the cationic part to the anionic part in the ionic liquid solvent is (1:1)-(6:1), for example, any value between (1:1)-(6:1) or a range between any two values, such as 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1 and 6:1.

[0024] Specifically, X is derived from the compound represented by the following structural formula:

[0025] Wherein, R1 is selected from hydrogen or hydroxyl, and R2 is selected from C1-C4 alkyl; for example, X is derived from any one of the compounds represented by the following structural formulas:

[0026]

[0027] [A] is selected from any one of the cations described in the following structural formulas:

[0028]

[0029] The ionic liquid solvent provided in the embodiment of the present invention is selected from any one of the ionic liquids described in the following structural formulas:

[0030]

[0031] The ionic liquid solvent is a hydrated ionic liquid solvent.

[0032] The present invention embodiment found that the micelles formed after the antibacterial lipid is dissolved in the ionic liquid solvent [A]X have good cleaning and washing performance, without the need to add any additional organic solvents, surfactants, and foaming agents, and have rich foam and strong cleaning power.

[0033] Furthermore, since the ionic liquid solvent [A]X is completely composed of cations and anions, it is diluted with a large amount of water during the washing process and the electrostatic balance between the ions is instantly changed. Therefore, the ionic liquid detergent provided by the embodiment of the present invention has rich foam and fast foam breaking performance, which can reduce the number of rinsing times, save water resources, reduce sewage discharge, and reduce the foam flooding of urban sewers and rivers.

[0034] Specifically, antimicrobial lipids (AML) include fatty acids and their monoglycerides of natural origin, which can destroy the stability of bacterial cell membranes and exert direct and indirect bactericidal effects. It is not easy to induce drug resistance, and bacteria have been cultured at sublethal concentrations for at least one year without showing signs of resistant strains. Antimicrobial lipids have stronger antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negative bacteria, and the antibacterial activity of fatty acid monoglycerides is stronger than that of the corresponding fatty acids. Lauric acid and lauric acid glyceride have the strongest antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, caprylic acid and caprylic acid glyceride have strong antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Listeria, acne bacteria, and mastitis pathogens, and capric glyceride is the most effective bactericidal agent for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Fatty acids and their monoglycerides are generally recognized as safe substances (GRAS) certified by the FDA and are abundant in nature (Yoon BK, Jackman JA, Valle-González ER, Cho NJ. Antibacterial Free Fatty Acids and Monoglycerides: Biological Activities, Experimental Testing, and Therapeutic Applications. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Apr 8; 19 (4): 1114.). Therefore, ionic liquid detergents with antibacterial lipids as the main active ingredient can be used to remove microbial contamination on the surface of medical fabrics and medical devices, and remove and prevent the formation of bacterial biofilms.

[0035] Since the ionic liquid solvent [A]X is completely composed of cations and anions and has the characteristics of a green solvent, as well as the natural broad-spectrum antibacterial properties of antibacterial fats, the ionic liquid detergent provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be prepared without adding any additional organic solvents, surfactants, softeners, chelating agents, or preservatives.

[0036] The ionic liquid detergent provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be composed of only ionic liquid solvent and antibacterial lipid, or plant active ingredients and enzymes can be added. Specifically, plant active ingredients such as magnolol, magnolol, vanillin, etc. can be added without adding any additional organic solvent or solubilizer, giving the ionic liquid detergent more functions and aromatic smell. It is also found that plant active ingredients may affect the pH value and foam stability of the ionic liquid detergent. For example, the addition of vanillin causes a slight decrease in pH, and the addition of magnolol and magnolol causes low foaming.

[0037] Furthermore, when enzymes (such as proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases, etc.) are added as cleaning aids, the cleaning and washing performance can be further improved.

[0038] Since the ionic liquid detergent is completely composed of biodegradable compounds of natural origin, it has the characteristics of biocompatibility and environmental friendliness, and can reduce the harm of existing detergents to health and the environment.

[0039] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the ionic liquid detergent described in the aforementioned embodiment, comprising: mixing an ionic liquid solvent and an antibacterial lipid.

[0040] Specifically, the raw materials for forming the cationic part and the anionic part of the ionic liquid solvent are sequentially added into a small amount of water, and stirred for 10-30 minutes at 30-60°C until completely dissolved, and the required amount of ionic liquid solvent is synthesized in situ; then, the required amount of antibacterial lipid is sequentially added, and water is supplemented until the total liquid volume is 100% or the molar fraction is 1.

[0041] Furthermore, since the ionic liquid detergent can be synthesized at low temperature, the ionic liquid can be synthesized in situ under conventional conditions; no vacuum conditions or special production equipment are required, and the preparation process is simple, convenient, low-cost, and low-energy, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0042] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an ionic liquid detergent as described in the aforementioned embodiment as a fabric detergent, air cleaner, antibacterial detergent, shampoo and skin cleanser, tableware and fruit and vegetable cleaner, refrigerator cleaner, and ceramic and metal surface cleaner.

[0043] Since ionic liquids are composed entirely of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, they can prevent the generation of static electricity. Therefore, when used for fabric cleaning or shampooing, they can completely replace difficult-to-degrade softeners such as dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.

[0044] Furthermore, since the ionic liquid detergent has good solubility for many organic, inorganic and organometallic substances, the ionic liquid detergent can be used to remove surface pollutants, such as tea scale on ceramic surfaces or oxides on metal surfaces.

[0045] Furthermore, since the ionic liquid detergent has a vapor pressure as low as negligible, has low volatility and non-flammability, and is thermally and electrochemically stable, it is suitable for vacuum applications and cleaning applications of aerospace equipment.

[0046] The application of the above-mentioned cleaning agent or detergent is only an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and can also be used as a detergent in other fields.

[0047] Materials: (S)-2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid, (4S,5S)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (100% Merck), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol (95-100% Angus), ethanolamine (99% Maclean), triethanolamine, linoleic acid, choline chloride (analytical pure Chinese medicine), lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, glyceryl stearate (analytical pure Xilong), glyceryl caprylate, glyceryl laurate (100% Indis), caprylic acid, capric acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, vanillin, magnolol and magnolol (97-99% Aladdin).

[0048] pH determination method: pH meter direct measurement method is used. The actual test temperature is 20-25℃.

[0049] Stability determination method: (1) Cold resistance: Pre-adjust the refrigerator to (0±1℃), and place a bottle of sample in the refrigerator. Take it out after 24 hours, return it to room temperature and observe visually. If there is no obvious difference in properties from before the test, it is considered stable. (2) Heat resistance: Pre-adjust the constant temperature incubator to (40±1℃), and place a bottle of sample in the constant temperature incubator. Take it out after 24 hours, return it to room temperature and observe visually. If there is no obvious difference in properties from before the test, it is considered stable.

[0050] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0051] Examples 1-9

[0052] Examples 1-9 all provide an ionic liquid detergent, the ingredients and raw materials of which are shown in Table 1.

[0053] The preparation method of the ionic liquid detergent is as follows:

[0054] According to the composition molar ratio (mol) and molar fraction (xi) in Table 1, the raw materials for forming ionic liquid cations and anions are sequentially added into a small amount of water and stirred to dissolve. First, the required amount of hydrated ionic liquid solvent is synthesized in situ; then, the components of the antibacterial lipid are added sequentially, and conventionally stirred for 10 to 30 minutes at 30 to 60° C. until completely dissolved, and water is added to the total liquid volume to 100%, thereby obtaining the ionic liquid detergents of Examples 1 to 9.

[0055] Among them, the antibacterial lipid (AML) is an equimolar composition of caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, caprylic acid glyceryl ester, lauric acid glyceryl ester and stearic acid glyceryl ester. The total content of the antibacterial lipid composition is shown in Table 1.

[0056] The ionic liquid detergents of Examples 1-9 were subjected to stability tests. The compositions, properties and stability test results are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Furthermore, no discoloration, deterioration, flocculation or stratification occurred when stored at room temperature for more than three months, and no pH change occurred.

[0058] Table 1 Composition, properties and stability test results of the ionic liquid detergents of Examples 1-9

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] The molar ratio of the ionic liquid composition is rounded off to an integer.

[0062] Comparative Examples 1-7

[0063] Comparative Examples 1-7 all provide a composition, and the ingredients and raw materials thereof are shown in Table 2.

[0064] The preparation method of the composition is as follows:

[0065] According to the composition molar ratio (mol) and molar fraction (xi) in Table 2, the raw materials for forming ionic liquid cations and anions are sequentially added into a small amount of water and stirred to dissolve. First, the required amount of hydrated ionic liquid solvent is synthesized in situ; then, the components of the antibacterial lipid are added sequentially, and conventionally stirred for 10 to 60 minutes at 30 to 80° C. until completely dissolved, and water is added to the total liquid volume to 100%, thereby obtaining the results of Comparative Examples 1 to 7.

[0066] Among them, the antibacterial lipid (AML) is an equimolar composition of caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, caprylic acid glyceryl ester, lauric acid glyceryl ester and stearic acid glyceryl ester. The total content of the antibacterial lipid composition is shown in Table 2.

[0067] Table 2 Composition, properties and stability test results of the compositions of Comparative Examples 1-7

[0068]

[0069] The molar ratio of the ionic liquid composition is rounded off to an integer.

[0070] From the results in Table 2, it can be seen that when the cationic part [A] of the ionic liquid [A]X is replaced with choline or choline chloride, and the molar ratio of the cation to the anion component is from 1:1 to 6:1, even if it is heated to 80°C and stirred for 60 minutes, a uniform single-phase liquid cannot be formed. After standing at room temperature for 12 hours, a solid-liquid biphase is formed, with the lower layer being a transparent liquid and the upper layer being a white solid floating on the liquid surface.

[0071] Comparative Example 8: Commercially available dishwashing liquid for food use. Its label ingredients are as follows: water, vitamin E, natural extract (lime extract), natural surfactant (C8-18 alkyl glucoside, C12-18 sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate), cocamidopropylamine oxide), C10-16 sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, edible flavor, additives (citric acid, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium chloride), methylisothiazolinone, methylchloroisothiazolinone.

[0072] Test Example 1: Cleaning and washing performance test

[0073] Test method: (1) First, pour red tea water repeatedly on the clean ceramic surface. After 24 hours, obvious tea scale will be formed on the ceramic surface to obtain the ceramic surface tea scale model; (2) Take 5g of the ionic liquid detergent of Example 1 and 5g of the detergent of Comparative Example 8, drop them on the same area respectively, and wipe half of the ceramic surface tea scale model with a clean cloth soaked in tap water. After wiping for 1 minute, rinse with tap water. Observe the tea scale remaining on the ceramic surface after wiping with the naked eye. The results are shown in Figure 1 .

[0074] result: Figure 1 (Top) is the tea stain model on the ceramic surface that has not been wiped. Figure 1 (Lower left) is the ceramic surface after being wiped with detergent in Comparative Example 8, and visible tea scale residue can be seen by naked eye; Figure 1 (Lower right) is the ceramic surface after being wiped by the ionic liquid detergent of Example 1. No obvious tea stains are left by naked eye observation. It can be seen that the ionic liquid detergent provided by the embodiment of the present invention can have a good decontamination function.

[0075] Test Example 2: Foam Richness Test

[0076] Test method: (1) Add 30 ml of tap water to two 100 ml beakers, and add 1 g of the ionic liquid detergent of Example 1 and 1 g of the detergent of Comparative Example 8 respectively; (2) Stir with a magnetic stirrer for 1 min at a stirring speed of 2000 rpm; (3) Measure the foam height. Figure 2 .

[0077] result: Figure 2 (Left) is the foam formed by the ionic liquid detergent of Example 1, Figure 2 (Right) is the foam formed by the detergent of Comparative Example 8. Visual observation shows that the height of the foam formed by Example 1 is close to that of the foam formed by Comparative Example 8, but the foam formed by Example 1 is finer than that of Comparative Example 8.

[0078] Test Example 3: Foam burst time test

[0079] Test method: (1) Add 30 ml of tap water to two 100 ml beakers respectively, and add 1 g of the ionic liquid detergent of Example 1 and 1 g of the dishwashing liquid of Comparative Example 8 respectively; (2) Stir with a magnetic stirrer for 1 min at a stirring speed of 2000 rpm; (3) Rinse the foam formed in the two beakers with tap water for 1 second respectively and pour all of it into a pool, observe with the naked eye and record the time when the foam breaks and disappears in the pool.

[0080] Results: The foam formed in Example 1 quickly broke and dissipated after being rinsed with tap water, and the foam formed in the pool completely disappeared after 5 minutes; the foam formed in Comparative Example 8 showed a very slow foam breaking and dissipation process after being rinsed with tap water, and a small amount of foam visible to the naked eye remained in the pool until 40 minutes later.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ionic liquid detergent, characterized in that The ionic liquid detergent comprises an ionic liquid solvent and an antibacterial lipid, wherein the mass concentration of the antibacterial lipid in the ionic liquid detergent is 1-12 wt %, and the ionic liquid solvent is named [A]X, wherein [A] represents a cationic part, X represents an anionic part, [A] is derived from an amino alcohol compound, and X is derived from a pyrimidinecarboxylic acid derivative.

2. The ionic liquid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that The antibacterial lipid is selected from C6-C22 carboxylic acid or C6-C22 carboxylic acid monoglyceride.

3. The ionic liquid detergent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The antibacterial lipid is selected from at least one of the compounds represented by the following structural formulas:

4. The ionic liquid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that The molar ratio of the cationic part to the anionic part is (1:1) to (6:1).

5. The ionic liquid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that X is derived from the compound represented by the following structural formula: Wherein, R1 is selected from hydrogen or hydroxyl, and R2 is selected from C1-C4 alkyl; Preferably, X is derived from any one of the compounds represented by the following structural formulas: Preferably, [A] is selected from any one of the cations described in the following structural formula:

6. The ionic liquid detergent according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The ionic liquid solvent is a hydrated ionic liquid solvent; Preferably, the ionic liquid solvent is selected from any one of the ionic liquids of the following structural formulas:

7. The ionic liquid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that The ionic liquid detergent does not contain any organic solvent, surfactant, softener, chelating agent and preservative.

8. The ionic liquid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that The ionic liquid detergent also includes plant active ingredients or enzymes; Preferably, the plant active ingredient includes at least one of magnolol, magnolol and vanillin; Preferably, the enzyme comprises at least one of protease, amylase, lipase and cellulase; Preferably, the mass concentration of the plant active ingredient in the ionic liquid detergent is 0.1-0.5wt%; Preferably, the mass concentration of the enzyme in the ionic liquid detergent is 0.001-0.1 wt %.

9. A method for preparing the ionic liquid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: mixing the ionic liquid solvent and the antimicrobial lipid; Preferably, the method comprises: mixing and dissolving the raw material for forming X, the raw material for forming [A] and water to form an ionic liquid solvent, and then mixing with the antibacterial lipid, and adding water to the total liquid volume of 100% or 1 molar fraction; Preferably, the method comprises: adding a raw material for forming X and a raw material for forming [A] to a small amount of water in sequence, synthesizing a required amount of ionic liquid solvent in situ; then adding a required amount of antibacterial lipid, stirring and dissolving at 30-60° C., and adding water to a total liquid volume of 100% or 1 molar fraction.

10. Use of the ionic liquid detergent according to claim 1 as a fabric detergent, air cleaner, antibacterial detergent, shampoo and skin cleaner, tableware and fruit and vegetable cleaner, refrigerator cleaner, and ceramic and metal surface cleaner and aerospace equipment cleaner.

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