Handheld laser cladding head

Abstract

The invention discloses a handheld laser cladding head which comprises a laser cladding head body, a QBH connector and a powder distribution mechanism are arranged at the rear end of the laser cladding head body, the position of a nozzle at the front end of the laser cladding head body is sleeved with a water path switching block, the middle of the laser cladding head body is sleeved with an optical lens set mounting block, and the optical lens set mounting block is connected with an optical lens set. A waterway cover plate is arranged on the back face of the optical lens set mounting block, a rotating handle is arranged on the waterway cover plate, and the laser cladding head is convenient to hold and light in weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of laser welding equipment and relates to a handheld laser cladding head. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology is an advanced surface treatment technology that uses high-energy laser beams to melt alloy powder and deposit it on the metal surface to form a high-performance coating. With the rapid development of cladding technology at home and abroad, the market has also segmented more laser cladding needs;

[0003] On-site defect repair and local rework of large workpieces after cladding; small mechanical processing plants equipped with lathes to perform cladding processing; on-site maintenance of mines, temporary repair of outdoor parts, etc. These local repair and processing needs do not require conventional laser heads, but more require a multifunctional handheld small laser cladding head that is light and easy to hold. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and provide a handheld laser cladding head, which is easy to hold and light in weight.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention discloses a handheld laser cladding head, comprising a laser cladding head body, a QBH connector and a powder separation mechanism are arranged at the rear end of the laser cladding head body, wherein a waterway adapter block is sleeved at the nozzle position at the front end of the laser cladding head body, an optical lens group mounting block is sleeved at the middle part of the laser cladding head body, a waterway cover plate is arranged on the back of the optical lens group mounting block, and a rotating handle is arranged on the waterway cover plate.

[0006] The further improvement of the handheld laser cladding head of the present invention is:

[0007] Furthermore, an annular cavity is provided in the water channel cover plate, protective gas is introduced into the annular cavity, and a temperature sensor is provided in the water channel cover plate.

[0008] Furthermore, an optical lens assembly is embedded in the optical lens assembly mounting block, and an upper protective mirror and a lower protective mirror are provided on the optical lens assembly mounting block, wherein the optical lens assembly is located between the upper protective mirror and the lower protective mirror.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper protective mirror and the lower protective mirror both adopt a drawer-type structure.

[0010] Furthermore, a water channel and a powder channel are provided in the optical lens assembly mounting block, wherein the powder channel is connected to the powder separation mechanism, and a water channel block is provided on the optical lens assembly mounting block, and the water channel block is connected to the inlet of the water channel.

[0011] Furthermore, an annular water channel is provided on the side wall of the nozzle, and the water channel is connected to the annular water channel via a water channel adapter block.

[0012] Furthermore, a supporting positioning mechanism is connected to the water channel adapter block.

[0013] Furthermore, the supporting and positioning mechanism includes a plurality of ball-head stainless steel rods, wherein the ball-head stainless steel rods are retractable structures, one end of each ball-head stainless steel rod is connected to the waterway adapter block, and the other end of each ball-head stainless steel rod is connected to an external adjustment structure.

[0014] Furthermore, a mounting seat is provided on the water channel cover plate, and the mounting seat is a U-shaped structure. The rotating handle is inserted into the mounting seat, and the connecting shaft passes through the mounting seat and the rotating handle.

[0015] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided on the side of the mounting seat, a spring positioning ball is provided in the mounting hole, and a groove matching with the spring positioning ball is provided on the rotating handle.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] During specific operation of the handheld laser cladding head described in the present invention, an optical lens assembly mounting block is sleeved on the middle part of the laser cladding head body, a waterway cover plate is provided on the back of the optical lens assembly mounting block, and a rotating handle is provided on the waterway cover plate, which is compatible with different clamping methods such as hand-held, lathe tool holder clamped, and matched with a manipulator, is easy to hold, and is light in weight.

[0018] Furthermore, a cushion block is fixed to the side of the rotating handle to increase the hardness and wear resistance, thereby ensuring that the rotating handle is not deformed or damaged after being clamped.

[0019] Furthermore, by adjusting the height of the ball head stainless steel rod in the support positioning mechanism, it is ensured that the focal position meets the designed height.

[0020] Furthermore, the nozzle has a built-in annular water channel, and the overall water channel has one inlet and one outlet, which runs through the entire cladding head structure, ensuring the heat dissipation function of the optical lens, structural parts, and nozzle, and ensuring the cladding effect.

[0021] Furthermore, the angle is limited by a spring-positioned top bead, and can be adjusted arbitrarily in both the holding and clamping states; pads are added on both sides of the rotating handle to ensure that the rotating handle is not damaged when clamping. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating handle of the present invention being opened;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a disassembly diagram of the powder separation mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a disassembled diagram of the rotating handle;

[0027] Figure 5 It is the location diagram of the powder separation mechanism;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the waterway and powderway;

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the nozzle.

[0030] Among them, 1 is a QBH connector, 2 is a powder separation mechanism, 3 is a water channel block, 4 is a rotating handle, 5 is a water channel cover plate, 6 is an upper protective mirror, 7 is an optical lens assembly mounting block, 8 is a lower protective mirror, 9 is a connecting piece, 10 is a water channel adapter block, 11 is a nozzle, and 12 is a supporting positioning mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms “include” and “comprises” indicate the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0033] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0034] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present invention generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0035] It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe preset ranges, etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish preset ranges from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0036] The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined" or "if (stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted as "when it is determined" or "in response to determining" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)", depending on the context.

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can usually be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Various structural schematic diagrams of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0039] As is known, laser cladding heads are mainly used in laser equipment and additive manufacturing equipment, and are key components for improving various properties of the substrate (such as hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance). The following is a detailed introduction to the laser cladding head: The laser cladding head is mainly composed of a link component, an optical component, and a powder feeding component. The laser equipment is connected to the powder feeder through the laser cladding head, and the coating is quickly scanned by a high-energy laser beam. The preset powder melts and solidifies in an instant, and the base metal melts into a thin layer. The interface between the two quickly produces molecular or atomic-level cross-diffusion in a very narrow area, and a strong metallurgical bonding layer is formed at the same time. According to the type of laser cladding material and the coupling form between the material and the laser beam, common laser cladding heads can be divided into the following categories: Coaxial powder feeding laser cladding head: It has a specific structure and working principle, which can realize the precise coupling of the laser beam and the powder, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the cladding process. Paraxial powder feeding laser cladding head (also called lateral powder feeding laser cladding head): by pre-setting the powder on the surface of the workpiece, the laser beam is then scanned and irradiated to melt it, and the material utilization rate is high, which can reach more than 95%. High-speed laser cladding head (also called ultra-high-speed laser cladding head): It uses semiconductor fiber output lasers or fiber lasers with good beam quality, as well as precision-designed high-speed laser cladding heads and high-speed or fast-moving motion mechanisms. The coupling of its laser beam with the powder beam and inert gas flow has been precisely designed to achieve very high cladding line speeds (the line speed can reach up to 200m / min, while the ordinary laser cladding can reach up to 2m / min). In addition, there is also a high-speed wire laser cladding head, which uses a semiconductor fiber output laser, a high-precision wire feeding system and a precision cladding head to perform laser cladding with metal wire as the cladding material.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The handheld laser cladding head of the present invention comprises a laser cladding head body; a QBH connector 1 and a powder separation mechanism 2 are arranged at the rear end of the laser cladding head body, wherein a waterway adapter block 10 is sleeved at the position of the nozzle 11 at the front end of the laser cladding head body, an optical lens group mounting block 7 is sleeved at the middle part of the laser cladding head body, a waterway cover plate 5 is arranged on the back of the optical lens group mounting block 7, and a rotating handle 4 is arranged on the waterway cover plate 5.

[0042] In this embodiment, the nozzle 11 of the cladding head body is made of copper.

[0043] In this embodiment, a self-locking button and a self-reset button are provided on the rotating handle 4 to ensure the safety of the laser cladding head in a handheld state.

[0044] In this embodiment, an annular cavity is provided in the water channel cover plate 5 , and protective gas is introduced into the annular cavity. A temperature sensor is provided in the water channel cover plate 5 to prevent the temperature of the water channel cover plate 5 from being too high.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In order to realize the installation of the optical lens group and to cool and feed powder, the present embodiment discloses a handheld laser cladding head including a laser cladding head body; a QBH connector 1 and a powder distribution mechanism 2 are arranged at the rear end of the laser cladding head body, wherein a waterway adapter block 10 is sleeved at the position of the nozzle 11 at the front end of the laser cladding head body, and a supporting positioning mechanism 12 is connected to the waterway adapter block 10; an optical lens group mounting block 7 is sleeved at the middle part of the laser cladding head body, and the optical lens group mounting block 7 is fixed to the laser cladding head body through a connecting piece 9, and the optical lens group mounting block 7 is A water channel cover plate 5 is provided on the back side, and a rotating handle 4 is provided on the water channel cover plate 5. An optical lens group is embedded in the optical lens group mounting block 7, and an upper protective mirror 6 and a lower protective mirror 8 are provided on the optical lens group mounting block 7, wherein the optical lens group is located between the upper protective mirror 6 and the lower protective mirror 8. A water channel and a powder channel are provided in the optical lens group mounting block 7, wherein an external powder feeder is connected to the powder dividing mechanism 2 through a powder feeding pipe, and the powder channel is connected to the powder dividing mechanism 2. A water channel block 3 is provided on the optical lens group mounting block 7, and the water channel block 3 is connected to the entrance of the water channel.

[0047] When in use, the powder distributing mechanism 2 delivers the powder into the powder path, and transports it to the powder outlet of the nozzle 11 through the powder path, and then sprays it out through the powder outlet to form powder spots. In addition, the water path block 3 is connected to cooling water and transports it into the water path for cooling the optical lens assembly mounting block 7 and the water path cover plate 5.

[0048] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the powder separation mechanism 2 adopts an integrated powder separation mechanism, wherein the inlet of the powder separation mechanism 2 is connected by a straight-through joint with a diameter of 6 mm, and the powder separation mechanism 2 is connected to each powder path, and each powder path extends to the position of the nozzle 11, so that the powder is divided into several paths through the powder separation mechanism 2, and then respectively transported to the powder outlet of the nozzle 11.

[0049] Preferably, the upper protective mirror 6 and the lower protective mirror 8 both adopt a drawer-type structure, that is, a first groove and a second groove are provided on the optical lens group mounting block 7, the upper protective mirror 6 is inserted into the first groove, and the lower protective mirror 8 is inserted into the second groove. The upper protective mirror 6 can be pulled out in the first groove, and the lower protective mirror 8 can be pulled out in the second groove. When in use, the lower protective mirror 8 and the upper protective mirror 6 can be pulled out. When not in use, the lower protective mirror 8 is connected to the upper protective mirror 6 and retracted into the first groove and the second groove. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0050] Embodiment 3

[0051] refer to Figure 6 In order to adjust the focus height during welding, the present embodiment discloses a handheld laser cladding head, which includes a laser cladding head body; a QBH connector 1 and a powder separation mechanism 2 are provided at the rear end of the laser cladding head body, wherein a waterway adapter block 10 is sleeved at the position of the nozzle 11 at the front end of the laser cladding head body, and a support positioning mechanism 12 is connected to the waterway adapter block 10; an optical lens group mounting block 7 is sleeved at the middle part of the laser cladding head body, a waterway cover plate 5 is provided on the back of the optical lens group mounting block 7, and a rotating handle 4 is provided on the waterway cover plate 5, and the support positioning mechanism 12 includes a plurality of ball-head stainless steel rods, wherein the ball-head stainless steel rods are retractable structures, one end of each ball-head stainless steel rod is connected to the waterway adapter block 10, and the other end of each ball-head stainless steel rod is connected to an external adjustment structure, and when working, the height of the nozzle 11 and the distance from the workpiece can be adjusted through the support positioning mechanism 12 and the adjustment structure according to the actual processing position.

[0052] In addition, the embodiment is combined with embodiment 2, the nozzle 11 is made of copper material, and an annular water channel is provided on the side wall of the nozzle 11. At the same time, the powder channel extends to the position of the nozzle 11 to form a powder spot on the outside of the nozzle 11. The water channel is connected to the annular water channel through the water channel adapter block 10, and the nozzle 11 is cooled by the annular water channel.

[0053] Embodiment 4

[0054] refer to Figure 4In order to adjust the angle of the rotating handle 4, the present embodiment discloses a handheld laser cladding head, which includes a laser cladding head body; a QBH connector 1 and a powder separation mechanism 2 are provided at the rear end of the laser cladding head body, wherein a waterway adapter block 10 is sleeved at the position of the nozzle 11 at the front end of the laser cladding head body, an optical lens group mounting block 7 is sleeved at the middle part of the laser cladding head body, a waterway cover plate 5 is provided on the back of the optical lens group mounting block 7, and a rotating handle 4 is provided on the waterway cover plate 5. Furthermore, a mounting seat is provided on the water channel cover plate 5, and the mounting seat is a U-shaped structure. The rotating handle 4 is inserted into the mounting seat, and the connecting shaft passes through the mounting seat and the rotating handle 4. A mounting hole is provided on the side of the mounting seat, and a spring positioning ball is provided in the mounting hole. The rotating handle 4 is provided with a groove that matches the spring positioning ball. When the rotating handle 4 is moved into place, the spring positioning ball is pressed, and part of the spring positioning ball is inserted into the groove, thereby fixing the rotating handle 4.

[0055] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a pad is fixed on the side of the rotating handle 4 to increase hardness and wear resistance, and ensure that the rotating handle 4 is not deformed or damaged after being clamped. Preferably, the pad is fixed on the side of the rotating handle 4 by screws.

[0056] In this embodiment, the handheld laser cladding head adopts a small QBH joint without water cooling, has an integrated appearance, simple structural connection, light weight, and an adjustable angle of the rotating handle 4, and can be compatible with both handheld and lathe clamping working states.

[0057] The use process of the present invention is:

[0058] Before use, check whether the optical lens of the handheld laser head is clean, the sealing of the water channel and the aggregation of the powder delivery to ensure that the optical lens is free of any pollution and dust, the water channel is free of dripping, and the powder delivery effect is good.

[0059] During laser cladding, connect the laser fiber head to the QBH connector 1, power on and emit light to check the optical shaping effect, and at the same time check whether the spot size meets the design size.

[0060] Connect an external powder feeder to the powder distribution mechanism 2 through a powder feeding pipe, start feeding powder, and observe the focusing effect of powder discharged from the powder outlet of the nozzle 11 and the convergence of the light spot.

[0061] Adjust the height of the ball head stainless steel rod in the support and positioning mechanism 12 to ensure that the focal position meets the designed height, press the electric self-locking button, and then press and hold the self-reset button to perform the cladding processing operation.

[0062] The present invention has the following characteristics:

[0063] The present invention adopts an integrated powder separation structure, integrates the powder separation mechanism 2 into the laser cladding head body, and completes the overall powder separation function through the design of the internal pipeline angle, avoiding external connection of hose pipelines. The overall appearance is simple and the powder feeding effect can also be guaranteed.

[0064] In the present invention, the nozzle 11 has a built-in annular water channel, and the overall water channel has one inlet and one outlet, which runs through the entire cladding head structure, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation function of the optical lens, structural parts, and the nozzle 11, and ensuring the cladding effect.

[0065] The present invention provides a hand-held rotating handle 4 with adjustable angle, and the angle is limited by a spring positioning top ball, which can be adjusted arbitrarily in both hand-held and clamped states; cushion blocks are added on both sides of the rotating handle 4 to ensure that the rotating handle 4 is not damaged when clamped.

[0066] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and disclosure of the invention. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed by the present invention. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0067] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exact construction that has been described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A handheld laser cladding head, characterized in that: The laser cladding head comprises a laser cladding head body, the rear end of which is provided with a QBH connector (1) and a powder separation mechanism (2), wherein a waterway adapter block (10) is sleeved at the position of a nozzle (11) at the front end of the laser cladding head body, an optical lens assembly mounting block (7) is sleeved at the middle of the laser cladding head body, a waterway cover plate (5) is provided on the back of the optical lens assembly mounting block (7), and a rotating handle (4) is provided on the waterway cover plate (5).

2. The handheld laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular cavity is provided in the waterway cover plate (5), protective gas is introduced into the annular cavity, and a temperature sensor is provided in the waterway cover plate (5).

3. The handheld laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: An optical lens assembly is embedded in the optical lens assembly mounting block (7), and an upper protective mirror (6) and a lower protective mirror (8) are provided on the optical lens assembly mounting block (7), wherein the optical lens assembly is located between the upper protective mirror (6) and the lower protective mirror (8).

4. The handheld laser cladding head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper protective mirror (6) and the lower protective mirror (8) both adopt a drawer-type structure.

5. The handheld laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water channel and a powder channel are arranged in the optical lens assembly mounting block (7), wherein the powder channel is connected to the powder distribution mechanism (2), and a water channel block (3) is arranged on the optical lens assembly mounting block (7), and the water channel block (3) is connected to the inlet of the water channel.

6. The handheld laser cladding head according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular water channel is provided on the side wall of the nozzle (11), and the water channel is connected to the annular water channel via a water channel adapter block (10).

7. The handheld laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water channel adapter block (10) is connected to a supporting positioning mechanism (12).

8. The handheld laser cladding head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The supporting and positioning mechanism (12) comprises a plurality of ball-end stainless steel rods, wherein the ball-end stainless steel rods are retractable structures, one end of each ball-end stainless steel rod is connected to the waterway adapter block (10), and the other end of each ball-end stainless steel rod is connected to an external adjustment structure.

9. The handheld laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water channel cover plate (5) is provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat is a U-shaped structure, the rotating handle (4) is inserted into the mounting seat, and the connecting shaft passes through the mounting seat and the rotating handle (4).

10. The handheld laser cladding head according to claim 9, characterized in that: A mounting hole is provided on the side of the mounting seat, a spring positioning ball is provided in the mounting hole, and a groove matching with the spring positioning ball is provided on the rotating handle (4).

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