Expressway tunnel over-break and under-break construction control device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method for controlling over-excavation and under-excavation construction of a highway tunnel. The device comprises a trolley; the arc-shaped frame is arranged on the trolley and corresponds to the tunnel excavation outline; a bearing plate is slidably arranged on the arc-shaped frame, a mounting base is fixedly arranged at the end of the bearing plate, a mounting shaft is arranged on the side face of the limiting barrel, and the mounting shaft is rotationally arranged on the mounting base; the supporting unit comprises a supporting plate arranged on the limiting cylinder and an adjusting piece arranged on the bearing plate in a sliding mode, and the adjusting piece is connected with the supporting plate in a sliding mode. The drill rod is limited through the limiting barrel, the stability of the drill rod in the whole drilling process is guaranteed, the overexcavation phenomenon caused by the fact that the outer inserting angle becomes large is reduced, and therefore the accuracy of drilling is improved, the excavation outline of the peripheral holes of the arch crown and the arch shoulder is closer to the design requirement, the final forming quality of a tunnel can be improved, and the construction cost is reduced. Therefore, the tunnel contour is smoother and more regular, and unnecessary workload in the shotcrete anchor process and the possible problem of primary support cavity caused by the unnecessary workload are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a control device and method for over-break and under-break construction of a highway tunnel. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of highway tunnel projects, the excavation technology of stone surrounding rock mostly adopts the traditional drilling and blasting method, that is, according to the blasting design, blastholes of a certain diameter and depth are drilled in the rock mass, and then charged, connected and detonated to achieve the purpose of excavation.

[0003] In the traditional drilling and blasting excavation construction, the key factor affecting the quality and cost of tunnel excavation construction - the problem of over-excavation and under-excavation has always existed in the actual engineering. In particular, during the drilling process of the peripheral holes of the arch crown and arch shoulders, a laser pointer is often used for guidance and positioning, and the laser is used to guide the drilling direction of the drill rod. However, in the actual drilling process, it is impossible to always ensure that the drill rod is consistent with the laser direction, which can easily make the drilling direction different from the positioning direction and increase the external insertion angle, thereby causing the over-excavation to expand and increase the workload of spraying concrete. In addition, multiple supplementary spraying methods are used during the spraying and anchoring process, which will produce primary support cavities, poor tunnel contour forming, and increased disturbance of the surrounding rock. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a control device and method for over-excavation and under-excavation construction in a highway tunnel, which solves the problem in the prior art that the drilling process cannot always ensure that the drill rod is consistent with the laser direction, which easily causes the drilling direction to be different from the positioning direction, thereby increasing the external insertion angle, thereby causing the over-excavation to expand and increasing the workload of concrete spraying. In addition, multiple supplementary spraying is used during the anchor spraying process, which will produce initial support voids, poor tunnel contour forming, and increased disturbance of the surrounding surrounding rocks.

[0005] On the one hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a highway tunnel overbreak and underbreak construction control device comprises:

[0006] Trolley;

[0007] The curved frame is mounted on the trolley and corresponds to the tunnel excavation contour;

[0008] The limiting cylinder and the arc frame are slidably provided with a bearing plate, the end of the bearing plate is fixedly provided with a mounting seat, the side of the limiting cylinder is provided with a mounting shaft, and the mounting shaft is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat;

[0009] The support unit includes a support plate arranged on the limiting cylinder and an adjusting member slidably arranged on the bearing plate. The adjusting member is slidably connected to the support plate. When the adjusting member slides along the length direction of the bearing plate, the support plate rotates to adjust the angle between the limiting cylinder and the bearing plate.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] In this scheme, through the combined design of the trolley, the arc frame and the limit cylinder, it can be ensured that the entire device moves along the predetermined track direction during the drilling process to ensure construction efficiency. At the same time, when adjusting the angle of the peripheral holes, the adjusting member is slid along the length direction of the load-bearing plate, so that the support plate is lifted or pulled by the adjusting member, and then the support plate drives the limit cylinder to rotate along the installation axis, thereby changing the angle between the axis of the limit cylinder and the axis of the tunnel, and the drill rod is limited by the limit cylinder to ensure the stability of the drill rod during the entire drilling process, reduce the over-excavation phenomenon caused by the increase of the external insertion angle, thereby improving the accuracy of drilling, and the excavation contours of the surrounding holes of the arch crown and arch shoulders will be closer to the design requirements, which will help to improve the final forming quality of the tunnel, make the tunnel contour smoother and more regular, and reduce unnecessary workload in the spraying and anchoring process and the initial support void problem that may arise from it.

[0012] Preferably, the adjusting member includes a slider, a bearing plate is provided with a slide groove along its length direction, the slider is slidably engaged in the slide groove, the slider is penetrated by an adjusting pin, the support plate is provided with an inclined adjusting groove, and the slider is slidably engaged in the adjusting groove through the adjusting pin.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting member also includes an adjusting screw, and the supporting plate is correspondingly provided with two mounting blocks, the adjusting screw is rotatably arranged between the two mounting blocks, and the supporting plate is also slidably provided with a connecting frame, the connecting frame is connected to the slider, the connecting frame is provided with a threaded plate, and the threaded plate is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw.

[0014] Preferably, the adjusting pin sleeve is provided with a sleeve, and the sleeve is rollingly fitted with the inner side surface of the adjusting groove.

[0015] Preferably, the mounting shaft is provided with a pointer, and a scale bar is arranged on one side of the mounting seat along the circumference of the mounting shaft, and the pointer corresponds to the scale bar.

[0016] Preferably, a bearing frame is fixedly provided on both sides of the bearing plate, the bearing frame is provided with a pulley block, and the pulley block is mounted on the arc frame.

[0017] Preferably, the support frame is provided with a threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected with a fixing screw, and the end of the fixing screw abuts against the arc frame.

[0018] Preferably, the arc-shaped frame is provided with a plurality of limiting holes, and the fixing screw is passed through one of the limiting holes.

[0019] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention also provides a highway tunnel overbreak and underbreak construction control method, including a highway tunnel overbreak and underbreak construction control device, and further comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: Construction preparation: Move the arc frame to the tunnel face position by means of a trolley and make the arc frame contact the tunnel face;

[0021] S2: Determine the location of the peripheral holes, and calculate and mark the location of the peripheral holes according to the tunnel design dimensions and simulated mapping;

[0022] S3: Adjust the position of the limit cylinder, move the limit cylinder so that it moves along the tunnel excavation contour on the arc frame and corresponds to one of the marking points, and then adjust the angle of the limit cylinder by pushing the adjustment piece on the bearing plate so that the angle of the limit cylinder meets the requirements of the external insertion angle;

[0023] S4: Drilling construction, insert the drill rod into the limit tube to directly drill the surrounding holes;

[0024] S5: Repeat S3-S4 to complete the drilling construction of all peripheral holes of the tunnel excavation outline.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] Through precise position adjustment, the angle of each limit cylinder is ensured to strictly meet the external insertion angle required by the design, thereby ensuring the consistency and accuracy of the drilling direction of all peripheral holes, which helps to reduce over-excavation or under-excavation and makes the tunnel excavation profile closer to the design standard. At the same time, precise drilling can reduce the additional concrete spraying workload caused by over-excavation and the material waste caused by multiple re-spraying. Good molding quality also reduces the cost of subsequent maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the construction status of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support plate and the arc frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the limiting cylinder, the mounting seat and the sliding block in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slider in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the carrying plate and the carrying frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the above drawings: 1. trolley; 2. arc frame; 201. limit hole; 3. limit cylinder; 4. bearing plate; 401. slide groove; 402. mounting block; 5. mounting seat; 501. mounting shaft; 502. pointer; 503. scale bar; 6. support plate; 601. adjustment groove; 7. slider; 701. adjustment pin; 702. sleeve; 703. connecting frame; 704. threaded plate; 705. adjustment screw; 8. bearing frame; 801. threaded sleeve; 802. pulley block; 803. fixing screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a highway tunnel over-break and under-break construction control device, comprising:

[0035] Trolley 1;

[0036] The arc frame 2 is provided on the carriage 1 and corresponds to the tunnel excavation contour;

[0037] The limiting cylinder 3 and the arc frame 2 are slidably provided with a bearing plate 4, the end of the bearing plate 4 is fixedly provided with a mounting seat 5, and the side of the limiting cylinder 3 is provided with a mounting shaft 501, and the mounting shaft 501 is rotatably provided on the mounting seat 5;

[0038] The support unit includes a support plate 6 arranged on the limiting cylinder 3 and an adjusting member slidably arranged on the supporting plate 4. The adjusting member is slidably connected to the support plate 6. When the adjusting member slides along the length direction of the supporting plate 4, the support plate 6 rotates to adjust the angle between the limiting cylinder 3 and the supporting plate 4.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present invention, the arc frame 2 is arranged on the trolley 1, so that the arc frame 2 can move with the trolley 1 in the tunnel, which can ensure that the entire device moves along the predetermined track direction during the drilling process and synchronizes the construction work. The limit cylinder 3 in the initial state remains horizontal on the bearing plate 4, that is, the axis of the limit cylinder 3 remains parallel to the axis of the tunnel. After determining the external insertion angle of the peripheral hole, the adjusting member is slid along the length direction of the bearing plate 4. Since the end of the limit cylinder 3 is rotatably set on the mounting seat 5 through the mounting shaft 501, the end of the limit cylinder 3 is fixed on the mounting seat 5 and can be rotated. When the adjusting member slides, the support plate 6 connected to the limit cylinder 3 is squeezed and moves upward or downward, so that the limit cylinder 3 The limiting cylinder 3 follows the supporting plate 6 to complete the angle adjustment, and after the adjustment, it can remain stationary under the action of the adjusting member, thereby realizing the adjustment of the angle of the limiting cylinder 3, changing the angle between the axis of the limiting cylinder 3 and the axis of the tunnel, so that the extension direction of the limiting cylinder 3 corresponds to the direction of the external insertion angle of the peripheral hole. When drilling, the drill rod is limited by the limiting cylinder 3, which ensures the stability of the drill rod during the entire drilling process, reduces the over-excavation and under-excavation caused by the increase or decrease of the external insertion angle, thereby improving the accuracy of drilling, and the excavation contours of the surrounding holes of the arch crown and arch shoulders will be closer to the design requirements, which is helpful to improve the final forming quality of the tunnel, make the tunnel contour smoother and more regular, and reduce unnecessary workload in the spraying and anchoring process and the initial support cavity problem that may be caused by it.

[0040] Based on the above scheme, if Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the adjusting member includes a slider 7, a slide groove 401 is opened along the length direction of the supporting plate 4, the slider 7 is slidably engaged in the slide groove 401, an adjusting pin 701 is passed through the slider 7, and an inclined adjusting groove 601 is opened on the supporting plate 6, and the slider 7 is slidably engaged in the adjusting groove 601 through the adjusting pin 701.

[0041] Specifically, when the support plate 6 is adjusted by the adjusting member, Figure 3As an example, the adjusting slot 601 is opened on the support plate 6, the left side of the support plate 6 is the lower end of the adjusting slot 601, and the right side of the support plate 6 is the top end of the adjusting slot 601, so that the adjusting slot 601 tilts upward from left to right. Taking the slider 7 at the top end of the adjusting slot 601 as an example, the slider 7 is at the right side of the slide slot 401 at this time, and the support plate 6 is in a downward tilted state as a whole. When the slider 7 moves to the left in the slide slot 401, the adjusting pin 701 of the slider 7 follows the slider 7 to move to the left, so that the side surface of the adjusting slot 601 is squeezed upward by the adjusting pin 701, so that the various points of the adjusting slot 601 gradually move to the vertical height of the adjusting pin 701, so that the top end of the adjusting slot 601 swings upward, thereby driving one end of the limit cylinder 3 to swing with the mounting shaft 501 as the axis, increasing the angle between the limit cylinder 3 and the supporting plate 4, until the extension direction of the limit cylinder 3 corresponds to the external insertion angle of the peripheral hole. At the same time, taking the slider 7 at the lower end of the adjustment slot 601 as an example, the slider 7 is at the left side of the slide slot 401 at this time. When the slider 7 is translated to the right, the adjustment pin 701 of the slider 7 presses the side of the adjustment slot 601, thereby reducing the angle between the limit cylinder 3 and the supporting plate 4, and flexibly adjusting the required external insertion angle, which is more suitable for various construction work.

[0042] At the same time, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the adjusting member also includes an adjusting screw 705, and the supporting plate 4 is correspondingly provided with two mounting blocks 402, and the adjusting screw 705 is rotatably provided between the two mounting blocks 402. The supporting plate 4 is also slidably provided with a connecting frame 703, and the connecting frame 703 is connected to the slider 7. The connecting frame 703 is provided with a threaded plate 704, and the threaded plate 704 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 705.

[0043] When the adjusting screw 705 is stopped, the position of the connecting frame 703 can be self-locked under the action of the thread, so that the sliding block 7 can no longer move in the sliding groove 401, thereby ensuring the stability of the limiting cylinder 3 after adjustment. The adjusting screw 705 is rotated so that the adjusting screw 705 can rotate between the two mounting blocks 402. Since the connecting frame 703 is connected to the sliding block 7 and is limited and cannot rotate, the connecting frame 703 can be moved along the axis of the adjusting screw 705 when the adjusting screw 705 is rotated, and the sliding block 7 connected to it can be driven to slide in the sliding groove 401, which not only facilitates the position adjustment of the sliding block 7, but also when the adjusting screw 705 stops rotating, the position of the connecting frame 703 can be self-locked under the action of the thread, so that the sliding block 7 can no longer move in the sliding groove 401, thereby ensuring the stability of the limiting cylinder 3 after adjustment, and is not easily affected by the drill rod and angle changes, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the external insertion angle.

[0044] Specifically, Figure 4As shown, the adjusting pin 701 is sleeved with a sleeve 702, and the sleeve 702 rolls and fits with the inner side surface of the adjusting groove 601; when the slider 7 slides along the slide groove 401, the sleeve 702 rolls in the adjusting groove 601, and the rolling contact replaces the sliding contact, which greatly reduces the friction, makes the angle adjustment smoother and easier, reduces the difficulty of operation, thereby reducing wear and tear, and prolongs the service life of the adjusting pin 701.

[0045] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the mounting shaft 501 is provided with a pointer 502, and a scale bar 503 is arranged on one side of the mounting seat 5 along the circumference of the mounting shaft 501, and the pointer 502 corresponds to the scale bar 503; when the support plate 6 rotates, the mounting shaft 501 rotates accordingly, thereby driving the pointer 502 to move on the scale bar 503, and by observing the position of the pointer 502 relative to the scale bar 503, the angle change of the limit cylinder 3 relative to the supporting plate 4 can be intuitively read, thereby achieving precise control of the drilling direction, ensuring that each adjustment can meet the design requirements, and improving the accuracy of drilling.

[0046] Based on the above scheme, if Figure 5 As shown, a bearing frame 8 is fixedly provided on both sides of the bearing plate 4, and the bearing frame 8 is provided with a pulley group 802, and the pulley group 802 is mounted on the arc frame 2. The pulley group 802 is mounted on the arc frame 2, so that the bearing plate 4 and all components thereon (such as the limiting cylinder 3, the support plate 6, etc.) can slide along the arc frame 2 through the pulley group 802. When the position of the limiting cylinder 3 needs to be adjusted, the operator can push or pull the bearing plate 4 and use the rolling of the pulley group 802 on the arc frame 2 to realize the movement of the bearing plate 4, which not only facilitates the position adjustment, but also ensures the stability and accuracy during the movement.

[0047] According to actual construction requirements, different numbers of bearing plates 4 can be installed on the arc frame 2 according to the construction position of the trolley 1, such as Figure 1 As shown, the arc frame 2 is divided into A, B, C, D, and E areas, and a bearing plate 4 and corresponding components (support unit, limit cylinder 3, etc.) are installed in each area. Each area corresponds to an operator, and each operator uses a bearing plate 4. After completing a drilling in the area, the position of the drilling can be adjusted by pushing the bearing plate 4 to improve the efficiency of the operation.

[0048] Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the support frame 8 is provided with a threaded sleeve 801, and the threaded sleeve 801 is threadedly connected with a fixing screw 803, and the end of the fixing screw 803 abuts against the arc frame 2; by rotating the fixing screw 803, its end can abut against or leave the arc frame 2, and when the position needs to be adjusted, the fixing screw 803 is loosened; after the adjustment is completed, the fixing screw 803 is tightened again to make the end tightly abut against the arc frame 2, thereby fixing the support plate 4 and its components at the desired position, ensuring that the support frame 8 will not move on the arc frame 2 by itself.

[0049] At the same time, the arc frame 2 is provided with a plurality of limiting holes 201, and the fixing screw 803 is passed through one of the limiting holes 201; the arc frame 2 is provided with a plurality of limiting holes 201, and each limiting hole 201 is distributed along the length direction of the arc frame 2. When it is necessary to fix the supporting plate 4 at a certain specific position, the operator screws the fixing screw 803 into the corresponding limiting hole 201, so that the end of the fixing screw 803 is in close contact with the arc frame 2, thereby ensuring the stability of the supporting plate 4 on the arc frame 2 and preventing it from moving due to the influence of the drill rod.

[0050] The present invention also provides a highway tunnel overbreak and underbreak construction control method, comprising the above-mentioned highway tunnel overbreak and underbreak construction control device, and further comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1: Construction preparation, moving the arc frame 2 to the tunnel face position by means of the trolley 1, and making the arc frame 2 abut against the tunnel face;

[0052] S2: Determine the location of the peripheral holes, and calculate and mark the location of the peripheral holes according to the tunnel design dimensions and simulated mapping;

[0053] S3: The position of the limiting cylinder 3 is adjusted. The limiting cylinder 3 is moved so that the limiting cylinder 3 moves along the tunnel excavation contour on the arc frame 2 and corresponds to one of the marking points. Then, the angle of the limiting cylinder 3 is adjusted by pushing the adjusting member on the bearing plate 4 so that the angle of the limiting cylinder 3 meets the requirement of the external insertion angle.

[0054] S4: Drilling construction, extending the drill rod into the limit tube 3 to directly drill the surrounding holes;

[0055] S5: Repeat S3-S4 to complete the drilling construction of all peripheral holes of the tunnel excavation outline.

[0056] Through the precise position adjustment of the above control method, it is ensured that the angle of each limit cylinder 3 strictly meets the external insertion angle required by the design, thereby ensuring the consistency and accuracy of the drilling direction of all peripheral holes, which helps to reduce the phenomenon of over-excavation or under-excavation, and makes the tunnel excavation profile closer to the design standard. At the same time, precise drilling can reduce the additional concrete spraying workload caused by over-excavation and the material waste caused by multiple re-spraying. Good molding quality also reduces the cost of subsequent maintenance.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highway tunnel over-break and under-break construction control device, characterized in that: include: Trolley (1); An arc frame (2) is arranged on the trolley (1) and corresponds to the tunnel excavation contour; A limiting cylinder (3), the arc frame (2) is slidably provided with a bearing plate (4), an end of the bearing plate (4) is fixedly provided with a mounting seat (5), a side surface of the limiting cylinder (3) is provided with a mounting shaft (501), and the mounting shaft (501) is rotatably provided on the mounting seat (5); The support unit comprises a support plate (6) arranged on the limiting cylinder (3) and an adjusting member slidably arranged on the supporting plate (4); the adjusting member is slidably connected to the support plate (6); when the adjusting member slides along the length direction of the supporting plate (4), the support plate (6) is rotated to adjust the angle between the limiting cylinder (3) and the supporting plate (4).

2. A highway tunnel over-break and under-break construction control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting member comprises a slider (7); the supporting plate (4) is provided with a slide groove (401) along its length direction; the slider (7) is slidably engaged in the slide groove (401); an adjusting pin (701) is passed through the slider (7); the supporting plate (6) is provided with an inclined adjusting groove (601); the slider (7) is slidably engaged in the adjusting groove (601) through the adjusting pin (701).

3. A highway tunnel overbreak and underbreak construction control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting member also includes an adjusting screw (705), the supporting plate (4) is correspondingly provided with two mounting blocks (402), the adjusting screw (705) is rotatably arranged between the two mounting blocks (402), the supporting plate (4) is also slidably provided with a connecting frame (703), the connecting frame (703) is connected to the sliding block (7), the connecting frame (703) is provided with a threaded plate (704), and the threaded plate (704) is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw (705).

4. A highway tunnel over-break and under-break construction control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting pin (701) is sleeved with a sleeve (702), and the sleeve (702) is rollingly fitted with the inner side surface of the adjusting groove (601).

5. The over-break and under-break construction control device for a highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation shaft (501) is provided with a pointer (502), and a scale bar (503) is arranged on one side of the installation seat (5) along the circumference of the installation shaft (501), and the pointer (502) corresponds to the scale bar (503).

6. A highway tunnel overbreak and underbreak construction control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing frame (8) is fixedly provided on both sides of the bearing plate (4), and the bearing frame (8) is provided with a pulley block (802), and the pulley block (802) is mounted on the arc frame (2).

7. A highway tunnel over-break and under-break construction control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support frame (8) is provided with a threaded sleeve (801), the threaded sleeve (801) is threadedly connected with a fixing screw (803), and the end of the fixing screw (803) abuts against the arc frame (2).

8. The over-break and under-break control device for highway tunnel construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The arc-shaped frame (2) is provided with a plurality of limiting holes (201), and the fixing screw (803) is inserted into one of the limiting holes (201).

9. A highway tunnel over-break and under-break construction control method, characterized in that: The device comprises a highway tunnel over-break and under-break construction control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and further comprises the following steps: S1: Construction preparation, moving the arc frame (2) to the tunnel face position by means of the trolley (1), and making the arc frame (2) abut against the tunnel face; S2: Determine the location of the peripheral holes, and calculate and mark the location of the peripheral holes according to the tunnel design dimensions and simulated mapping; S3: adjusting the position of the limiting cylinder (3), moving the limiting cylinder (3) so that the limiting cylinder (3) moves along the tunnel excavation contour on the arc frame (2) and corresponds to one of the marking points, and then adjusting the angle of the limiting cylinder (3) by pushing the adjusting piece on the bearing plate (4) so ​​that the angle of the limiting cylinder (3) meets the requirements of the external insertion angle; S4: Drilling construction, extending the drill rod into the limit tube (3) to directly drill the surrounding holes; S5: Repeat S3-S4 to complete the drilling construction of all peripheral holes of the tunnel excavation outline.

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