Inclined shaft construction method and construction equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an inclined shaft construction method and construction equipment. The inclined shaft construction method comprises the steps that S1, an inclined shaft is excavated, and an upper flat section and a bent section of the inclined shaft are formed; s2, a winch, a riding wheel and a track are installed, the winch is installed on the ground of the upper flat section, and the track is laid on the ground; s3, an assembling area for assembling equipment is developed on the upper flat section, and the trolley to-be-assembled equipment is transported to the assembling area to be assembled; and S4, after the assembling equipment is assembled, the trolley is put down to the well bottom. According to the inclined shaft construction method and construction equipment, the flat section and the bent section are excavated firstly, the equipment assembling area is developed on the upper flat section to assemble the trolley, shaft bottom construction is not affected, equipment assembling can be completed, the assembled trolley is lowered to the shaft bottom, follow-up excavation can be conducted through the trolley, and the construction efficiency is improved. Manual excavation is not needed, the labor intensity is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of inclined shaft construction, and in particular to an inclined shaft construction method and construction equipment. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy and hydropower projects, inclined shaft construction has always been a difficulty that must be faced during the construction process. The inclined shaft section of a hydropower project is usually long, with a steeper inclination angle, narrow construction space in the shaft, and more operating procedures.

[0003] At present, the main construction method for inclined shaft excavation in China is to first use a reverse drilling rig to construct a pilot shaft, and then use a lifting system to manually expand and dig from top to bottom. The lifting system usually uses a winch as a traction device, and the well is equipped with a transport trolley and an expansion trolley. The transport trolley is responsible for the transportation of personnel and materials, and the expansion trolley is used as a mobile construction platform. It is necessary to manually go from the expansion trolley to the face to drill, charge, and remove slag, and set up scaffolding for anchor spraying support of the shaft wall. The construction safety risk is high, the environment is harsh, and the labor intensity is high.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new inclined shaft construction method and equipment to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention hope to provide an inclined shaft construction method and construction equipment that reduce labor intensity and improve safety.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way: An inclined shaft construction method and construction equipment, comprising the following steps: S1, excavation of the inclined shaft to form the upper flat section and curved section of the inclined shaft; S2, installation of winch, supporting wheel and track: installing winch on the ground of the upper flat section, arranging supporting wheel frames at intervals at different positions of the top space of the upper flat section, and laying tracks on the ground at the same time; S3, opening an assembly area for assembling equipment on the upper flat section, transporting the equipment to be assembled on a trolley to the assembly area, temporarily fixing the body of the trolley on the assembly area, arranging anchor points on the top of the assembly area, and assembling the equipment to be assembled after the trolley is hung with an electric hoist; S4, after the equipment to be assembled is assembled, the equipment to be assembled on the trolley is fixed with rigging or tooling, the winch pulls the rear part of the trolley body, and the front end of the body is pulled by an electric hoist fixedly connected to the anchor point of the well wall until the trolley enters the curved section, and then the winch is operated to lower the trolley to the bottom of the well.

[0007] Preferably, in S1, the excavation length of the curved section is greater than or equal to the safe blasting distance.

[0008] Preferably, the excavation length of the curved section is greater than 30m.

[0009] Preferably, in S2, at least two groups of the supporting wheel frames are spaced apart and arranged at the top of the upper flat section.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a bottom well debugging step: after the trolley is installed, a manned trolley, a winch and its supporting facilities are installed at the bottom of the well, the wire rope is lifted to the upper part of the tunnel by the supporting wheel frame, the lower part of the tunnel is used as the trolley transportation space, and the trolley is connected to water, electricity and gas for debugging.

[0011] An inclined shaft construction equipment, comprising a traction device, a track and a trolley, wherein the traction device is installed in the inclined shaft, the trolley is installed on the track and pulled by the traction device, and the trolley runs along the track under the traction of the traction device; The trolley includes a body and a rock drilling arm, a slag scraper arm, a spray protection device and a support shoe mechanism detachably mounted on the body, one side of the support shoe mechanism is detachably mounted on the body, and the other side is telescoped toward the well wall to hold the rock wall tightly, one end of the rock drilling arm is detachably mounted on the body, and the other end extends toward the face and the rock wall, one end of the slag scraper arm is detachably mounted on the body, and the other end extends toward the face.

[0012] Preferably, the shoe holding mechanism includes at least one shoe holding unit, and the shoe holding unit includes a plurality of shoe holding frames and a plurality of movable shoe holding frames, one ends of the plurality of shoe holding frames are connected, and the other ends extend in a plurality of different directions with the intersection of the shoe holding frames as the center, and each of the movable shoe holding frames is movably mounted in the corresponding shoe holding frame.

[0013] Preferably, the movable support shoe comprises a movable support shoe, a telescopic rod, a connecting head and a support shoe seat, the movable support shoe is axially sleeved in the support shoe frame, the telescopic rod is axially sleeved in the movable support shoe, and one end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the support shoe frame through a positioning column, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting head, the outer periphery of the connecting head is connected to the movable support shoe, and the end of the connecting head is ball-jointed to the support shoe seat.

[0014] Preferably, the rock drilling arm comprises a swing seat, a boom assembly, a rotating arm assembly and a rock drilling propulsion device, the bottom of the boom assembly is rotatably connected to the swing seat, and the end of the boom assembly is rotatably connected to the rotating arm assembly; The rotating arm assembly includes the rotating platform seat, a slewing mechanism, a rotating arm, a platform seat pitch cylinder, a rotating arm swing cylinder and a rotating arm pitch cylinder. The rotating platform seat is hinged to the boom assembly, the slewing mechanism is assembled at the bottom of the rotating platform seat, one end of the rotating arm is hinged to the bottom of the slewing mechanism, and the other end is connected to the rotating arm swing cylinder, one end of the platform seat pitch cylinder is connected to the boom assembly, and the other end is connected to the rotating platform seat, the rock drilling propulsion device is connected to the rotating arm swing cylinder, one end of the rotating arm pitch cylinder is hinged to the bottom of the rotating platform seat, and the other end is hinged to the rotating arm.

[0015] Preferably, the trolley traction device includes a roller frame, a winch and an electric hoist, and anchor rods are inserted into the wall of the inclined shaft. The roller frame and the electric hoist are respectively fixed on different anchor rods. The winch is placed in a horizontal section, the body of the trolley is pulled by the winch, and the track is laid in the inclined shaft.

[0016] The inclined shaft construction method provided by the embodiment of the present invention first excavates the flat section and the curved section, and opens an equipment assembly area in the upper flat section to assemble the trolley, which will not affect the bottom construction of the well and can also complete the equipment assembly. The assembled trolley is then lowered to the bottom of the well by the cooperation of winches, wheel frames, rails, electric hoists and other facilities, so that subsequent excavation can be carried out by the trolley without manual excavation, which greatly reduces the labor intensity and improves the construction efficiency. The inclined shaft construction equipment integrates the shoe support mechanism, rock drilling arm, slag removal arm and spray protection device into the trolley body, and multiple arms work together to realize the operations of the excavation trolley to support the well wall, drill holes on the face and the well wall, remove slag to the guide well, and spray grouting the well wall to complete the entire process of inclined shaft excavation, reducing the labor intensity and operation risks of inclined shaft construction and greatly improving the operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the inclined shaft construction of the inclined shaft construction method provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of CC is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of DD shown.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the trolley assembly process shown.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view shown.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the trolley being lowered after being assembled is shown.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the inclined shaft construction equipment trolley is shown.

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the working status of the support shoe mechanism in the inclined shaft.

[0025] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 The structural diagram of the shoe mechanism shown Fig.10 for Figure 7 Assembly drawing of the gripper mechanism shown.

[0026] Fig.11 for Fig.10 An enlarged view of part of the assembly diagram of the support shoe mechanism shown.

[0027] Fig.12 for Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the slag scraper arm is shown.

[0028] Fig.13 for Fig.12 The diagram shows the scraper arm in the retracted state.

[0029] Fig.14 for Fig.12 The slag scraper arm shown in the figure is a working state diagram.

[0030] Fig.15 for Fig.12 Another working state diagram of the scraper arm shown Fig.16 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rock drilling arm shown.

[0031] Fig.17 for Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the results of another angle of the drilling arm is shown.

[0032] Fig.18 for Fig.16 The A-direction structure diagram shown.

[0033] Fig.19 for Fig.16 The drilling arm is shown in the retracted posture diagram when in working state.

[0034] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 The posture diagram of the drilling arm drilling a blasthole is shown.

[0035] Fig.21 for Fig. 20 Another posture diagram of the drilling arm drilling a blasthole is shown.

[0036] Fig. 22 for Fig.19 The drilling arm is shown in the posture diagram of the anchor hole.

[0037] Fig.23 for Fig. 22 Another posture diagram of the drilling arm drilling the anchor hole is shown.

[0038] Fig.24 for Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the structure of the spray protection device shown is operating in an inclined well.

[0039] Fig.25 for Fig.24 The schematic diagram of the structure of the spray protection device is shown.

[0040] Fig.26 for Fig.25 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the spray protection device shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] See also Figure 1 , which is a method for constructing an inclined shaft provided by the present invention. The method for constructing an inclined shaft comprises the following steps: S1, inclined shaft excavation, manually excavating the upper flat section 1 and the curved section 2 of the inclined shaft. Specifically, the excavation slope of the upper flat section 1 is less than 5° to facilitate the arrangement of other equipment. The curved section 2 includes an arc section connected to the upper flat section 1 and a straight section extending obliquely downward from the arc section. The excavation length of the curved section 2 is greater than or equal to the safe blasting distance to achieve the safety of the equipment during blasting during inclined shaft excavation. It can be known that the safe blasting distance of general explosives is 30m. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the equipment at the upper flat section 1, the excavation length of the curved section 2 is greater than 30m. Preferably, in this embodiment, the length of the curved section 2 is 40m, that is, the length from the arc section of the curved section 2 to the bottom of the straight section is 40m.

[0043] S2, installation of winch, roller and track, winch 3 is installed on the ground of the upper flat section 1, roller frames 4 are arranged at intervals at different positions on the top space of the upper flat section 1, and after removing the facilities that affect the trolley going down the well, track 5 is laid on the ground so that the trolley can run along the track 5. Since the roller frames 4 bear part of the force of the wire rope pulling the vehicle body, the roller frames 4 are at least two groups of roller frames 4 arranged at intervals on the top of the upper flat section 1. Preferably, in this embodiment, the roller frames 4 are installed at two positions on the top of the upper flat section 1. In addition, in order to improve the safety of the trolley driving, a safety fence is also installed in the arc section of the curved section 2.

[0044] S3, open up an assembly area 6 in the upper flat section 1, transport the trolley equipment to be assembled to the assembly area 6, and temporarily fix the body of the trolley in the assembly area 6, and then arrange 4-6 anchor points on the top of the assembly area 6, and assemble the equipment to be assembled after the trolley is hung with an electric hoist. An assembly area 6 is formed in the upper flat section 1 to assemble the equipment, and after the assembly is completed, it is lowered to the bottom of the well through the track 5. Specifically, the equipment to be assembled is the rock drilling arm, slag scraper arm, spray protection device and shoe support mechanism are respectively installed on the body of the trolley and integrated into one.

[0045] S4, after the equipment to be assembled is assembled, the equipment to be assembled on the trolley is fixed with rigging or tooling, two 40t winches 3 pull the rear of the trolley body, and the front end of the body is pulled by an electric hoist fixedly connected to the anchor point of the well wall, until the trolley enters the curved section 2. After passing the arc section, the trolley is moved downward by its own weight, and the winch 3 is operated to lower the trolley to the bottom of the well to realize mechanized construction. Therefore, by first excavating the flat section and the curved section 2, and opening up an equipment assembly area 6 in the upper flat section 1 to assemble the trolley, it will not affect the well bottom construction and can also complete the equipment assembly. The assembled trolley is then lowered to the bottom of the well by the cooperation of the winch 3, the supporting wheel frame 4, the track 5 and the electric hoist and other facilities, so that subsequent excavation can be carried out by the trolley without manual excavation, which greatly reduces the labor intensity and improves the construction efficiency.

[0046] Specifically, the wheel support frame 4 is composed of a pulley 7 and a bracket 8. An anchor rod 9 is inserted into the wall of the inclined well, the bracket is fixed on the anchor point, and a plurality of pulleys are installed on the bracket.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inclined shaft construction method also includes S5, which is a bottom well debugging step. Specifically, after the trolley is installed, a manned trolley, a winch 3 and its supporting facilities are installed at the bottom of the well, and the supporting wheel frame 4 is used to lift the wire rope to the upper part of the tunnel. The lower part of the tunnel is used as the trolley transportation space. The trolley is connected to water, electricity and gas for debugging. The trolley is placed at the bottom of the well and then debugged before construction. The trolley construction can realize the coordinated operation of multiple booms, realize the operations of the trolley to support the well wall, drill holes on the face and the well wall, remove slag to the guide well, and spray grout on the well wall to complete the entire process of inclined shaft excavation. The use of the trolley greatly reduces the labor intensity of manual work and greatly improves the excavation efficiency.

[0048] See also Figure 7 The present invention also provides an inclined shaft construction equipment, which includes a traction device, a track 5 and a trolley 10. The traction device is installed in the inclined shaft, the trolley 10 is installed on the track 5 and pulled by the traction device, and the trolley 10 runs along the track 5 under the traction of the traction device. After the trolley is installed in the assembly area 6, it is lowered to the bottom of the well by the traction device so as to operate at the bottom of the well.

[0049] The trolley 10 includes a shoe support mechanism 30, a slag removal arm 50, a rock drilling arm 70 and a spray protection device 90 which are detachably mounted on the body of the trolley. One side of the shoe support mechanism is detachably mounted on the body of the trolley, and the other side is telescopically mounted toward the well wall to support the rock wall. One end of the rock drilling arm is detachably mounted on the body of the trolley, and the other end is extended toward the face and the rock wall to drill holes on the face and the rock wall. One end of the slag removal arm is detachably mounted on the body of the trolley, and the other end is extended toward the face to pull the slag on the face into the pilot shaft. By integrating the shoe support mechanism 30, the rock drilling arm 70, the slag removal arm 50 and the spray protection device 90 into the body of the trolley, multiple arms work in coordination to realize operations such as the excavation trolley supporting the well wall, drilling holes on the face and the well wall, pulling slag to the pilot shaft, and spraying grout on the well wall, so as to complete the entire process of inclined well excavation, reduce the labor intensity and operation risk of inclined well construction, and greatly improve the operation efficiency.

[0050] It should be noted that the body of the trolley 10 moves along the track 5 under the traction of the traction system. The traction system includes a control room, a winch 3, a wire rope and a steering wheel. The winch 3 operates under the control of the control room and pulls the wire rope to pull the body to move.

[0051] like Figure 8-Figure 9As shown, the shoe gripper mechanism 30 is installed on the body of the trolley and is used to tighten the wall of the inclined shaft. The shoe gripper mechanism 30 includes at least one shoe gripper unit 31, and the shoe gripper unit 31 includes a plurality of shoe gripper frames 33 and a plurality of movable shoe grippers 35. One end of the plurality of shoe gripper frames 33 is connected, and the other end extends in a plurality of different directions with the intersection of the shoe gripper frames 33 as the center. Each movable shoe gripper 35 is movably sleeved in the corresponding shoe gripper frame 33. Therefore, the shoe gripper frames 33 are arranged in different directions, and the movable shoe grippers 35 arranged in the shoe gripper frames 33 can be extended or shortened. The change in length can not only meet the requirements of the shoe gripper system for retraction and support, but also the movable shoe grippers 35 can perform telescopic movements in multiple directions, so as to tighten the wall of the inclined shaft from multiple directions, so that they can be attached to the wall from multiple directions, which greatly improves the supporting force of the shoe gripper mechanism 30.

[0052] Preferably, the plurality of shoe grippers 33 are respectively two side shoe grippers 37 in opposite directions and a front shoe gripper 39 arranged perpendicular to the side shoe grippers 37. In this embodiment, there are three shoe grippers 33, which support the well wall from three directions to form a plurality of fulcrums to hold the movable shoe gripper 35 close to the well wall.

[0053] As a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, a support rod 40 is also fixedly connected between the side support shoe frame 37 and the front support shoe frame 39. The support rod 40 is arranged near the intersection of the side support shoe frame 37 and the front support shoe frame 39 to strengthen the structural fixing performance between the side support shoe frame 33 and the front support shoe frame 39.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are two shoe gripper units 31, and the two shoe gripper units 31 are connected by a connecting frame 41. The two shoe gripper units 31 can also form a whole (module) after being connected together, and multiple shoe gripper units 31 can be provided according to different needs to improve their applicability.

[0055] See also Fig.10 and Fig.11Specifically, the movable shoe 35 includes a movable shoe 351, a telescopic rod 353, a connector 357 and a shoe seat 359. The movable shoe 351 is axially sleeved in the shoe frame 33, the telescopic rod 353 is axially sleeved in the movable shoe 351, and one end of the telescopic rod 353 is fixedly connected to the shoe frame 33 through a positioning column 360, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connector 357, the outer periphery of the connector 357 is connected to the movable shoe 351, and the end of the connector 357 is ball-jointed to the shoe seat 359. The telescopic rod 353 performs telescopic motion, drives the connector 357 to move, and the connector 357 drives the movable shoe 351 connected thereto to move, so that the movable shoe 351 can move back and forth and perform telescopic motion in the shoe frame 33. It is worth noting that the connecting head 357 is connected to the support shoe seat 359 by a ball joint, so that the connection between the connecting head 357 and the support shoe seat 359 can form a variety of angles, so that the support shoe seat 359 can automatically adapt to the angle of the well wall, and the support shoe seat 359 is always in close contact with the well wall, which greatly improves the supporting force.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, the telescopic rod 353 is a hydraulic cylinder. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the connecting head 357, and the piston rod drives the connecting head 357 and the movable support shoe 351 connected to the connecting head 357 to move back and forth.

[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment, the positioning column 360 is a pin, which passes through the shoe support frame 33 and the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder to fix the cylinder barrel, so that the piston rod can reciprocate in the cylinder barrel.

[0058] It can be understood that in order to increase the friction between the shoe seat 359 and the well wall, a concave-convex anti-slip surface 3591 is formed at one end of the shoe seat 359 away from the connecting head 357 .

[0059] In detail, the cross section of the shoe support frame 33 is square. Preferably, the shoe support frame 33 is made of square steel, and the structure is reliable.

[0060] In another embodiment, the shoe gripper mechanism 30 further includes a flange 36, and the shoe gripper frame 33 is externally fixedly connected with a plurality of flanges 36. The shoe gripper mechanism 30 is connected to the body of the trolley through the flange 36, and the flange 36 is detachable, making disassembly and assembly more convenient.

[0061] like Figure 6As shown, the slag scraper arm 50 includes a large telescopic arm assembly 51, a small telescopic arm assembly 53, a rotating platform 57 and a bucket 59. The rotating platform 57 includes a platform seat 571, a platform seat amplitude adjustment cylinder 573, a slewing mechanism 575 and a turntable seat 577. The two ends of the platform seat amplitude adjustment cylinder 573 are respectively connected to the large telescopic arm assembly 51 and the platform seat 571. The slewing mechanism 575 is installed integrally with the platform seat 571. The turntable seat 577 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slewing mechanism 575. One end of the small telescopic arm assembly 53 is rotatably connected to the turntable seat 577, and the other end is connected to the bucket 59. The rotation of the rotating platform 57 can drive the small telescopic arm assembly 53 to rotate 360° around the connection. Specifically, the slewing mechanism rotates 360°, driving the small telescopic arm assembly connected thereto to rotate 360°, thereby realizing 360° free slag removal by the slag removal arm. At the same time, the platform seat variable amplitude cylinder 573 is actuated to control the pitch angle of the small telescopic arm assembly 53, thereby expanding the operating range of the bucket 59. During the operation, slag removal operations can be carried out over a large range without moving the work trolley, which greatly improves work efficiency.

[0062] Specifically, in this embodiment, the large telescopic arm assembly 51 includes a large telescopic arm 511, a large telescopic arm oil cylinder 513 and an adapter frame 515. One end of the large telescopic arm oil cylinder 513 is hinged to one end of the large telescopic arm 511 through an intermediate piece 517, and the other end is hinged to the other end of the large telescopic arm 511. The adapter frame 515 is installed at the end of the large telescopic arm 511, and the platform seat 571 is hinged to the other end of the adapter frame 515. The two ends of the platform seat variable amplitude oil cylinder 573 are respectively hinged to the adapter frame 515 and the platform seat 571. The large telescopic arm oil cylinder 513 controls the pitch angle of the large telescopic arm, thereby controlling the pitch angle of the boom. Among them, the adapter frame 515 mainly plays a connecting role to improve the structural stability.

[0063] Specifically, the large telescopic arm 511 includes a multi-section telescopic large arm frame, and the inner diameters of the large arms are different. The multi-section telescopic large arms are sequentially mounted together to achieve length changes, so that the length of the large telescopic arm can be flexibly changed. This telescopic structure is an existing known technology and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0064] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the small telescopic arm assembly 53 comprises a small telescopic arm 531 and a small telescopic boom cylinder 533, the two ends of the small telescopic arm are respectively hinged to the turntable seat 577 and the bucket 59, one end of the small telescopic arm boom cylinder 533 is hinged to the turntable seat 577, and the other end is hinged to the small telescopic arm 531, wherein the bucket 59 is driven by the bucket cylinder 591 to rotate its angle so as to realize the flexible rotation of the bucket 59.

[0065] Specifically, the small telescopic arm 531 includes a multi-section telescopic small arm frame, the inner diameters of the multi-section small arm frames are different, and the multi-section telescopic small arm frames are sleeved together to achieve length changes, so that the length of the small telescopic arm can be flexibly changed. This telescopic structure is an existing well-known technology and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. Specifically, the slewing mechanism 575 includes a slewing bearing and a slewing drive connected to the slewing bearing for driving the slewing bearing to rotate. The slewing drive drives the slewing bearing to move, and then drives the platform seat 571 installed on the slewing bearing to rotate to realize the rotation of the slag scraper arm at different angles.

[0066] Furthermore, the slewing drive includes a connected reducer and a motor, which can achieve speed control.

[0067] The small telescopic arm 531 is also fixedly connected to a mounting support 535 , and the small telescopic amplitude-changing oil cylinder 533 is hinged to the small telescopic arm 531 via the mounting support 535 to improve the stability of the structural installation.

[0068] like Fig.13 , Fig.14 and Fig.15 The figure shows the scraper arm in the state of being retracted and operating in the inclined shaft. The scraper arm with multi-angle rotation and pitching action can quickly scrape the slag into the pilot shaft. The scraper arm can be mounted on the lower part of the inclined shaft construction trolley to scrape the blasted slag into the pilot shaft to meet the construction scope of 6~8 meters in diameter, 55~60° inclination angle, and 2~3 meters in single footage. The posture of the scraper arm when not in operation will not affect the operation of other booms. The scraper arm can be retracted in the retracted posture to facilitate the construction trolley to rise to a safe position (30m away from the face) during blasting. In addition, the scraper arm has good operability and high operating efficiency.

[0069] like Fig.16 and 17 As shown, the rock drilling arm 70 is used to drill blast holes and anchor holes. The blast holes are parallel to the axis of the inclined shaft, and the anchor holes are perpendicular to the shaft wall. The rock drilling arm 70 includes a swing seat 71, a boom assembly 73, a rotating arm assembly 75, and a rock drilling propulsion device 77. The bottom of the boom assembly 73 is rotatably connected to the swing seat 71, and the end is rotatably connected to the rotating arm assembly 75. The boom assembly 73 controls the rotating arm assembly 75 to pitch at different angles. The rotating arm assembly 75 rotates at different angles to drive the rock drilling propulsion device 77 to rotate at different angles for drilling holes in the tunnel face and shaft wall in the inclined shaft.

[0070] like Fig.17As shown, the swing seat 71 is fixedly mounted on the body of the trolley, and the trolley 10 reciprocates along the track installed in the inclined shaft. The entire rock drilling arm 70 can be moved to different positions for operation under the drive of the moving trolley. Figure 2 As shown, the swing seat 71 includes a swing base 711 and a swing cylinder 713 installed integrally with the swing base 711, and the bottom of the boom assembly 73 is hinged on the swing base 711. The swing cylinder 713 controls the swing base 711 to move left and right, so that the boom assembly 73 changes the rock drilling position as it moves left and right, with a flexible structure and a larger operating range.

[0071] like Fig.19 As shown, specifically, one end of the swing cylinder 713 is hinged to the swing base 711 through a connecting bracket 712 to achieve the left and right swinging action of the swing base 711.

[0072] Specifically, the boom assembly 73 includes a boom 731, a boom pitch cylinder 733 and a support seat 735. One end of the boom pitch cylinder 733 is hinged to the swing seat 71, and the other end is hinged to the boom 731. The boom 731 and the rotating platform seat 751 are rotatably connected through the support seat 735. The boom pitch cylinder 733 controls the amplitude of the boom 731, and can achieve the pitching action of the entire boom. The boom assembly 73 combined with the rotating arm assembly 75 can achieve the pitching and rotation angles, so the functions of drilling blasting holes and drilling anchor holes can be realized at the same time. Among them, the boom 731 is composed of a multi-section retractable boom to achieve length changes.

[0073] In detail, the support base 735 is L-shaped to facilitate the connection between components. Specifically, a part of the support base is mounted on the large arm 731 and the rotating platform base 751, and the other part is bent and extended outward to be connected to other positionable components.

[0074] Furthermore, the bottom of the boom 731 is also fixedly connected with a mounting support 737, and the boom pitch cylinder 733 and the swing seat 71 are both hinged on the mounting support 737. Installation through the mounting support 737 can improve the stability of the structure, and the structure is more reasonable.

[0075] Specifically, the rotating arm assembly 75 includes a rotating platform seat 751, a rotating mechanism 753, a rotating arm 755, a platform seat pitch cylinder 757, a rotating arm swing cylinder 758 and a rotating arm pitch cylinder 759. The rotating platform seat 751 is hinged to the boom assembly 73. The rotating mechanism 753 is assembled at the bottom of the rotating platform seat 751. One end of the rotating arm 755 is hinged to the bracket at the bottom of the rotating mechanism 753, and the other end is connected to the rotating arm swing cylinder 758. One end of the platform seat pitch cylinder 757 is hinged to the support seat 735 of the boom assembly, and the other end is hinged to the rotating platform seat 751. The rock drilling propulsion device 77 is connected to the rotating arm swing cylinder 758. One end of the rotating arm pitch cylinder 759 is hinged to the bottom of the rotating platform seat 751, and the other end is hinged to the rotating arm 755. The rotating arm 755 is telescopic to control the operable range of the rock drilling propulsion device 77, the rotating arm pitch cylinder 759 is telescopic to control the pitch angle of the rotating arm 755, and the platform seat pitch cylinder 757 is telescopic to adjust the pitch angle of the rotating platform seat 751, thereby controlling the pitch angle and rotation angle of the rock drilling propulsion device 77. The slewing mechanism 753 can rotate 360° under control, and the slewing mechanism 753 drives the rotating arm 755 and the rotating arm pitch cylinder 759 to rotate, thereby driving the rock drilling propulsion device connected to the rotating arm 755 to rotate 360°. The rock drilling propulsion device 77 forms an operable range with the boom assembly 73 and the rotating arm assembly 75 as the radius, which greatly improves the operating range of the rock drilling propulsion device 77 in the inclined well, and can achieve a wide range of operations without moving the entire rock drilling arm, effectively improving work efficiency.

[0076] Among them, the rotating arm 755 is composed of a plurality of retractable arms to achieve changes in length. The inner diameters of the plurality of arms are different. The plurality of retractable arms are sleeved together to achieve changes in length, thereby flexibly changing the length of the rotating arm. This retractable structure is an existing known technology and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0077] Specifically, in this embodiment, the slewing mechanism 753 is a slewing table. The slewing table is an operating platform that performs slewing motion under control, and the rotating arm assembly 75 rotates 360° under the drive of the slewing table. Furthermore, the slewing mechanism 753 is composed of a slewing bearing and a slewing drive, wherein the slewing drive is composed of a reducer and a motor.

[0078] like Fig.17As shown, specifically, the rock drilling propulsion device 77 includes a connecting seat 771, a propulsion pitch cylinder 773, a propulsion swing cylinder 775 and a rock drilling mechanism 777, the propulsion swing cylinder 775 is connected to the rotating arm assembly 75, one end of the connecting seat 771 is fixedly connected to the propulsion swing cylinder 775, and the other end is hinged to the rock drilling mechanism 777, one end of the propulsion pitch cylinder 773 is hinged to the connecting seat 771, and the other end is hinged to the rock drilling mechanism 777.

[0079] like Fig.19 Specifically, when the trolley is traveling or performing other operations, the boom assembly 73 and the rotating arm assembly 75 are fully retracted, and the drilling arm is operated to be in a retracted state by operating the pitch cylinders and the swing cylinders, without affecting other arm operations or the traveling of the trolley.

[0080] like Fig. 20 As shown in the figure, the rock drilling arm is in a posture of drilling a blast hole; by adjusting the length of the swing cylinder 713, the boom pitch cylinder 733 and the boom 731, the length of the platform seat pitch cylinder 757, the action of the slewing mechanism 753, the length of the rotating arm pitch cylinder 759 and the rotating arm 755, the action of the rotating arm swing cylinder 758, the propulsion swing cylinder 775, and the propulsion pitch cylinder 773, the rock drilling propulsion device 77 is made parallel to the axis of the inclined shaft, the rock drilling propulsion device 77 is operated to make the drill rod drill into the blast hole. After completing the drilling of a blast hole, the cylinders or the swing cylinder 713 are operated to move the drill rod to another blast hole position for drilling.

[0081] like Fig.21 As shown in FIG. 1 , the figure shows another posture of the rock drilling arm drilling a blast hole; after the slewing mechanism 753 rotates an angle, the adjustment method of the rock drilling arm is the same as the above-mentioned method of drilling a blast hole.

[0082] like Fig. 22 and Fig.23 As shown in the figure, the rock drilling arm has two postures for drilling anchor bolts; by adjusting the arm posture so that the rotary drive is located at the inclined shaft axis position and perpendicular to the inclined shaft axis, the oil cylinders and the swing cylinder are operated to make the rock drilling propulsion device 77 perpendicular to the rock wall, and the rock drilling propulsion device 77 is operated to make the drill rod drill into the hole. After completing the drilling of an anchor bolt hole, it is only necessary to operate the rotary mechanism 753 to rotate the angle to achieve the next anchor bolt hole operation.

[0083] Furthermore, the actions and functions of each cylinder are as follows: by operating the swing cylinder 713, the entire boom assembly can be swung left and right, and by operating the boom pitch cylinder 733, the entire boom can be pitched. The platform seat pitch cylinder 757 can adjust the angle of the rotating platform seat 751, and the rotating arm pitch cylinder 759 can adjust the posture of the rotating arm assembly 75. The rotating arm swing cylinder can make the front end part of the rotating arm rotate within a range of 360°, and the thrust swing cylinder can make the front end part of the entire rock drilling propulsion device 77 swing within a range of 360° as a whole. The thrust pitch cylinder 773 can make the entire rock drilling propulsion device 77 pitch as a whole. The entire rock drilling arm has a flexible structure and a wide operating range. It can drill blast holes and anchor holes, realizing mechanized drilling. A large range of operations can be achieved without moving the entire work trolley, thereby effectively improving work efficiency.

[0084] like Figure 24-26 As shown, the spray protection device 90 includes a material stirring device 91, a material conveying chute 93, a pumping device 95 and an injection device 97. The material stirring device 91 and the pumping device 95 are respectively installed on the trolley 10 and are driven by the trolley to move in the inclined shaft. The material stirring device 91 and the pumping device 95 are connected through the material conveying chute 93 to transport the material into the pumping device 95. The pumping device 95 is connected with the injection device 97 through a pipeline for spraying the material. Specifically, concrete and water are mixed in the material mixing device 91 and stirred, and then discharged to the pumping device 95 through the feeding chute 93. The pumping device 95 pumps the concrete to the injection device 97. Therefore, the inclined well spray protection device mixes the concrete and water in the material mixing device 91 first and then conveys them to the pumping device 95 through the feeding chute 93 to pump out the material. In this way, the mode of conveying dry materials from the wellhead to the trolley can be adopted, which solves the problem of pipe blockage or aggregate separation due to the large distance in the vertical transportation of concrete spray protection materials in deep inclined wells, ensures the smoothness of construction, greatly improves work efficiency, and reduces construction costs.

[0085] The body of the trolley 10 includes an upper platform 101 and a lower platform 103 which are spaced apart from each other, the material stirring device 91 is arranged on the upper platform 101 of the trolley, and the pumping device 95 is arranged on the lower platform 103 of the trolley. By arranging different platforms on the trolley to install the material stirring device 91, the device can be installed on the trolley for operation in the inclined shaft.

[0086] Furthermore, a notch is provided on the tabletop of the lower platform 103, and the material delivery chute 93 passes through the notch to the inlet of the pumping device 95. It can be understood that the notch is provided to avoid the material delivery channel and improve the rationality of the structure.

[0087] See also Fig.26 Specifically, in this embodiment, the material stirring device 91 includes a stirring hopper 911, a stirring shaft 913 and a stirring drive 915. The stirring drive 915 is installed at the bottom of the stirring hopper 911 to drive the stirring shaft 913 to move. The stirring shaft 913 is installed in the stirring hopper 911, and the discharge port of the stirring hopper 911 is connected to the feeding chute 93. The stirring shaft 913 turns over in the stirring hopper to fully mix the concrete and water to form a mixed slurry. Preferably, the stirring drive is a motor.

[0088] Furthermore, a plurality of bolt blades 914 are installed on the stirring shaft 913, and the plurality of bolt blades 914 are evenly spaced along the axis of the stirring shaft 913. The bolt blades 914 can increase the stirring force of the stirring shaft 913, so that the material is mixed more evenly. Specifically in this embodiment, the stirring shaft 913 is horizontally and laterally arranged in the stirring hopper 911, and this structural setting is conducive to the full mixing of the material.

[0089] Specifically, in this embodiment, the pumping device 95 includes a loading hopper 951, a material buffer plate 953 installed in the loading hopper 951, and a driver 957 installed under the loading hopper 951. The outlet of the feeding chute 93 is located in the opening of the loading hopper 951. The loading hopper 951 receives the material mixed by the material mixing device 91, and the driver 957 pumps the material to the injection device 97. Preferably, the driver 957 is a mixing pump on a common concrete mixer.

[0090] Specifically, in this embodiment, the feeding chute 93 is T-shaped or straight-cylindrical. When the feeding process is T-shaped, the diameter of one end of the feeding chute 93 connected to the material stirring device 91 is larger than the other end, so that the material can be uniformly fed into the loading hopper 951. Of course, in other embodiments, the feeding chute 93 can also be other shapes, as long as it ensures smooth material transportation.

[0091] Specifically, the spraying device 97 is a spray head. Preferably, the spray head is a spray head on an existing concrete spraying machine.

[0092] The spraying device 97 is installed on the arm frame of the rock drilling arm 70. The arm frame of the rock drilling arm can be extended and tilted at different angles. The spray head sprays concrete magma onto the wall of the inclined well with the assistance of the slag scraper arm.

[0093] The inclined shaft construction method and construction equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention first excavate the flat section and the curved section, and open up an equipment assembly area in the upper flat section to assemble the trolley, so that the trolley can be installed in the inclined shaft, which will not affect the construction at the bottom of the shaft and can also complete the equipment assembly. The assembled trolley is then lowered to the bottom of the shaft by the cooperation of facilities such as a winch, a supporting wheel frame, a track and an electric hoist, so that subsequent excavation can be carried out by the trolley without manual excavation, which greatly reduces the labor intensity and improves the construction efficiency; the inclined shaft construction equipment integrates the support shoe mechanism 30, the rock drilling arm 70, the slag removal arm 50 and the spray protection device 90 into the body of the trolley, and multiple arms work together to realize the operations of the excavation trolley supporting the shaft wall, drilling holes on the face and the shaft wall, removing slag to the guide shaft and spraying grout on the shaft wall to complete the entire process of inclined shaft excavation, reducing the labor intensity and operation risks of inclined shaft construction and greatly improving the operation efficiency.

[0094] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an inclined shaft, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, excavation of the inclined shaft to form the upper flat section and curved section of the inclined shaft; S2, installation of winch, supporting wheel and track: installing winch on the ground of the upper flat section, arranging supporting wheel frames at intervals at different positions of the top space of the upper flat section, and laying tracks on the ground at the same time; S3, opening an assembly area for assembling equipment on the upper flat section, transporting the equipment to be assembled on a trolley to the assembly area, temporarily fixing the body of the trolley on the assembly area, arranging anchor points on the top of the assembly area, and assembling the equipment to be assembled after the trolley is hung with an electric hoist; S4, after the equipment to be assembled is assembled, the equipment to be assembled on the trolley is fixed with rigging or tooling, the winch pulls the rear part of the trolley body, and the front end of the body is pulled by an electric hoist fixedly connected to the anchor point of the well wall until the trolley enters the curved section, and then the winch is operated to lower the trolley to the bottom of the well.

2. A method for constructing an inclined shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the excavation length of the curved section is greater than or equal to the safe blasting distance.

3. A method for constructing an inclined shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The excavation length of the curved section is greater than 30m.

4. The inclined shaft construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, at least two groups of the supporting wheel frames are arranged at intervals on the top of the upper flat section.

5. A method for constructing an inclined shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes the step of bottom well debugging: after the trolley is installed, a manned trolley, a winch and its supporting facilities are installed at the bottom of the well, the wire rope is lifted to the upper part of the tunnel by the supporting wheel frame, the lower part of the tunnel is used as the trolley transportation space, and the trolley is connected to water, electricity and gas for debugging.

6. An inclined shaft construction equipment, characterized in that: It comprises a traction device, a track and a trolley, wherein the traction device is installed in the inclined shaft, the trolley is installed on the track and pulled by the traction device, and the trolley runs along the track under the traction of the traction device; The trolley includes a body and a rock drilling arm, a slag scraper arm, a spray protection device and a support shoe mechanism detachably mounted on the body, one side of the support shoe mechanism is detachably mounted on the body, and the other side is telescopically arranged toward the well wall, one end of the rock drilling arm is detachably mounted on the body, and the other end is extended toward the face and the rock wall, and one end of the slag scraper arm is detachably mounted on the body, and the other end is extended toward the face.

7. The inclined shaft construction equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shoe gripper mechanism comprises at least one shoe gripper unit, and the shoe gripper unit comprises a plurality of shoe gripper frames and a plurality of movable shoe grippers, wherein one end of the plurality of shoe gripper frames are connected and the other end extends in a plurality of different directions with the intersection of the shoe gripper frames as the center, and each of the movable shoe gripper frames is movably mounted in the corresponding shoe gripper frame.

8. The inclined shaft construction equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable support shoe comprises a movable support shoe, a telescopic rod, a connecting head and a support shoe seat, the movable support shoe is axially sleeved in the support shoe frame, the telescopic rod is axially sleeved in the movable support shoe, and one end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the support shoe frame through a positioning column, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting head, the outer periphery of the connecting head is connected to the movable support shoe, and the end of the connecting head is connected to the support shoe seat with a ball joint.

9. The inclined shaft construction equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rock drilling arm comprises a swing seat, a boom assembly, a rotating arm assembly and a rock drilling propulsion device, wherein the bottom of the boom assembly is rotatably connected to the swing seat, and the end of the boom assembly is rotatably connected to the rotating arm assembly; The rotating arm assembly includes a rotating platform seat, a slewing mechanism, a rotating arm, a platform seat pitch cylinder, a rotating arm swing cylinder and a rotating arm pitch cylinder. The rotating platform seat is hinged to the boom assembly, the slewing mechanism is assembled at the bottom of the rotating platform seat, one end of the rotating arm is hinged to the bottom of the slewing mechanism, and the other end is connected to the rotating arm swing cylinder, one end of the platform seat pitch cylinder is connected to the boom assembly, and the other end is connected to the rotating platform seat, the rock drilling propulsion device is connected to the rotating arm swing cylinder, one end of the rotating arm pitch cylinder is hinged to the bottom of the rotating platform seat, and the other end is hinged to the rotating arm.

10. The inclined shaft construction equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The traction device includes a roller frame, a winch and an electric hoist. Anchor rods are inserted into the wall of the inclined shaft. The roller frame and the electric hoist are respectively fixed on different anchor rods. The winch is placed in a horizontal section. The body of the trolley is pulled by the winch. The track is laid in the inclined shaft.

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