A method for facilitating the early release of rockburst energy

Abstract

The application discloses a method for promoting rock burst energy to be released in advance, which comprises the following steps: (1) performing leveling treatment on a road in a roadway with rock burst risk; (2) monitoring the temperature of a surrounding rock surface in the roadway with rock burst risk, adjusting the temperature of water in a watering cart for spraying water into the roadway according to the monitored temperature, and making the temperature of the water in the watering cart lower than the monitored temperature; and (3) spraying water on the surrounding rock surface in the roadway by using the watering cart, causing the physical property of the surrounding rock to change, releasing the stress inside the rock in advance, and making the rock burst occur in advance. The method for promoting rock burst energy to be released in advance promotes the stress inside the rock to be redistributed by using the thermal stress effect caused by the change of the water temperature, causes the physical property of the surrounding rock to change, releases the stress inside the rock in advance, makes the rock burst occur in advance, can release the rock burst energy in advance, avoids the rock burst phenomenon from being found during construction, facilitates workers to safely enter the roadway to perform the next construction, and is higher in safety performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mine or tunnel protection, and particularly relates to a method for preventing rockbursts. Background Technology

[0002] During underground tunnel excavation, the surrounding rock is disturbed, causing a redistribution of internal stress, which can sometimes lead to rockbursts. Rockbursts are a highly destructive geological hazard, posing a serious threat to the safety of construction workers and equipment. Traditional rockburst prevention measures mainly include strengthening the support structure and conducting stress monitoring, but these methods are often insufficient to effectively release stress concentration within the rock before a rockburst occurs. Therefore, a more proactive and effective rockburst prevention technology is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the background art above, and to provide a method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy that is highly safe and can release rockburst energy in advance.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy includes the following steps:

[0006] (1) Leveling the roads in tunnels with rock burst risk;

[0007] (2) Monitor the surface temperature of the surrounding rock in the roadway where there is a risk of rock burst, and adjust the temperature of the water in the water truck used to spray water into the roadway according to the monitored temperature so that the water temperature in the water truck is lower than the monitored temperature.

[0008] (3) Use a water truck to spray water onto the surface of the surrounding rock in the tunnel, causing changes in the physical properties of the surrounding rock, releasing the stress inside the rock in advance, and causing rock bursts to occur earlier.

[0009] Of the above methods for promoting the early release of rockburst energy, a preferred method is to adjust the temperature of the water in the water truck used to spray water into the tunnel based on the monitored temperature, as follows:

[0010] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is greater than 50℃, the preset water temperature is 20℃;

[0011] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 45-50℃, the preset water temperature is 15-20℃;

[0012] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 40-45℃, the preset water temperature is 10-15℃;

[0013] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 35-40℃, the preset water temperature is 5-10℃;

[0014] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 30-35℃, the preset water temperature is 0-5℃;

[0015] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is less than 30℃, the preset water temperature is below 0℃ (it can be salt water).

[0016] By adopting the above-mentioned preset relationship between water temperature and surrounding rock surface temperature, this invention can achieve the best early rockburst release effect on the one hand, and adjust the temperature of the sprayed water according to the surrounding rock surface temperature on the other hand, which helps to reduce cooling energy consumption.

[0017] In the above-mentioned method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy, preferably, the water truck includes a movable vehicle body, a protective system, and a water spraying system for spraying water outward. The water spraying system is located on the movable vehicle body. The protective system includes a spring and a protective plate. The protective plate is located on the water spraying system and / or the movable vehicle body via the spring. The water spraying system is located inside the protective plate.

[0018] In the aforementioned method for prematurely releasing rockburst energy, preferably, the water spraying system includes a water storage tank, a water pump, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and nozzles. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the water storage tank via the inlet pipe, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the outlet pipe. The outlet pipe branches into a horizontal pipe for spraying water to both sides of the movable vehicle body and a vertical pipe for spraying water above the movable vehicle body. The nozzles are located at the outlet ends of the horizontal and vertical pipes. The protective plate has openings at positions corresponding to the nozzles for spraying water outwards from the nozzles. In this invention, the water storage tank stores sufficient water, the water pump draws water from the water storage tank, and delivers it to the nozzles through the outlet pipes. The water in the nozzles can be sprayed outwards through the openings in the protective plate, and the spraying range and spray volume can be adjusted as needed. The water spraying system can be started automatically or remotely to evenly spray water on the surface of the surrounding rock in the tunnel, change the temperature of the surrounding rock surface, promote the redistribution of internal rock stress, release potential rockburst energy in advance, and cause rockburst to occur earlier.

[0019] In the aforementioned method for prematurely releasing rockburst energy, preferably, the water storage tank is connected to a temperature control system for adjusting the temperature of the water inside. The temperature control system includes a compressor, a first connecting copper pipe, a condenser pipe, a capillary tube, a radiator, a second connecting copper pipe, and a third connecting copper pipe. The condenser pipe is connected to the compressor and the radiator via the first and third connecting copper pipes, respectively. The radiator is connected to the compressor via the second connecting copper pipe. The capillary tube is located on the third connecting copper pipe. This invention, through the aforementioned temperature control system, can regulate the water temperature inside the storage tank, further enhancing the flexibility of the water truck and enabling it to adapt to construction needs under different temperature conditions, matching the surface temperature of the surrounding rock in the tunnel, and prematurely releasing potential rockburst energy, thus causing the rockburst to occur earlier. The connecting copper pipes are filled with a condensate to maintain the water temperature inside the storage tank within a suitable range.

[0020] In the aforementioned methods for promoting the early release of rockburst energy, preferably, the water storage tank comprises, from the inside out, a waterproof layer, a heat insulation layer, and a protective layer. By optimizing the tank structure and incorporating the waterproof, heat insulation, and protective layers, this structure effectively prevents the water temperature from being affected by the external environment, helps maintain the water temperature inside the tank, and better matches the surface temperature of the surrounding rock in the tunnel.

[0021] In the aforementioned method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy, preferably, the water truck is equipped with a temperature monitoring component for monitoring the surface temperature of the surrounding rock in roadways at risk of rockburst. This temperature monitoring component is a non-contact temperature measurement device, such as an infrared thermometer. By equipping the water truck with this temperature monitoring component, the water temperature, water volume, and spraying time can be automatically adjusted based on real-time monitoring of temperature changes on the roadway's surrounding rock surface, achieving the optimal early rockburst release effect. The aforementioned temperature monitoring component can be interlocked with a controller signal.

[0022] In the aforementioned method for prematurely releasing rockburst energy, a preferred embodiment further includes a control system and a water level control power-off device for cutting off power to the water spraying system in case of water shortage. The control system includes a signal receiver and a controller, the controller being connected to the mobile vehicle, the water spraying system, and the water level control power-off device. When the water level in the storage tank drops to a relatively low position, the water level control power-off device can disconnect the water pump from the battery. When an abnormal situation is detected (such as excessively high temperature, abnormal pressure, or excessively low water level), it automatically cuts off the power supply to the water spraying system and the temperature control system to ensure equipment safety. Operators can remotely transmit signals to the signal receiver via a remote control to the controller to control the operation of the mobile vehicle or the water spraying system. This allows for remote control of the water truck, enabling operators to operate it from a safe distance, thus increasing safety. Simultaneously, remote control operation is convenient and improves construction efficiency. The aforementioned remote control, signal receiver, and controller are all conventional components in the prior art, and any existing devices capable of achieving the above functions can be used in this invention.

[0023] In the aforementioned method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy, preferably, the water spraying system is located at the rear end of the water truck's direction of travel. Since the purpose of this invention is to promote the early occurrence of rockbursts through water spraying, rockbursts may occur during water spraying, potentially causing rocks to fall and affecting the operation of the water truck. This invention positions the water spraying system at the rear end of the water truck's direction of travel, ensuring that even if a rockburst occurs after water spraying, most of the falling rocks will remain at the rear end of the water truck's direction of travel, reducing the impact of the rockburst on the water truck's forward movement.

[0024] In the aforementioned methods for prematurely releasing rockburst energy, preferably, the protective plate is an inverted U-shaped steel plate, which is spring-loaded onto the water storage tank. By covering the water spray system with the inverted U-shaped steel plate, the spring can absorb the impact energy of falling objects, protecting the water truck from damage.

[0025] In the aforementioned method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy, preferably, a water level gauge is provided on the side of the water storage tank, and a water injection hole is provided on the top of the water storage tank. The water level gauge can be used to determine the water volume in the water storage tank, and water injection can also be used to add water to the water storage tank. By combining water injection with the water level gauge, the purpose of accurately adding water to the water storage tank can be achieved.

[0026] In the aforementioned method for prematurely releasing rockburst energy, preferably, the movable vehicle body includes a floor, wheels, wheel axles, and a drive device for moving the wheels. The wheels are mounted on the floor via the wheel axles. The drive device can be used to move the movable vehicle body; this drive device can be a conventional device in the prior art. Preferably, the drive device is connected to a controller signal to remotely control the movement of the movable vehicle body.

[0027] Preferably, the above-mentioned method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy also includes a power supply system, which is a battery installed on the movable vehicle body. The battery is connected to the water spray system and the movable vehicle body via wires. The battery can be a DC battery, which can be used to supply power to various components such as the water pump, the drive device of the movable vehicle body, and the controller.

[0028] The present invention provides a method for prematurely releasing rockburst energy, acting before the rockburst occurs. After tunnel excavation, the strain energy accumulated in the free-floating rock in some areas is not released, and the timing of the rockburst is uncertain, making it difficult to guarantee when workers can safely enter the tunnel for construction. By spraying water on the tunnel surface after excavation, the temperature of the rock mass surface and interior becomes uneven, thereby prematurely releasing the accumulated strain energy and inducing a rockburst, facilitating safe entry for workers to proceed with the next stage of construction.

[0029] In this invention, the method for prematurely releasing rockburst energy utilizes an unmanned water truck design. Watering operations after tunnel excavation are performed remotely, eliminating the need for manual intervention and ensuring high construction safety. The water truck's spraying system automatically sprays water onto the surface of the surrounding rock, altering its temperature and redistributing internal stress to prematurely release potential rockburst energy. This reduces the risk of rockbursts during subsequent construction, further enhancing safety. Simultaneously, the water truck is equipped with an external protective system. A spring and protective plate remain in operation at all times. If rocks or other objects fall, the spring assembly absorbs the impact energy, protecting the water truck from damage and effectively preventing damage from falling rocks. The working principle is as follows:

[0030] In this invention, a protective system is installed on the outside of the water storage tank and includes multiple springs and a protective plate. One end of each spring is fixed to the water storage tank, and the other end is fixed to the protective plate. The springs are made of highly elastic material, possessing excellent cushioning and shock absorption properties, allowing them to elastically deform under external force. When stones or other objects fall, the protective system can absorb the impact energy, protecting the water truck from damage.

[0031] The method of the present invention for promoting the early release of rockburst energy not only improves the safety of mining operations, but also simplifies the device structure and reduces costs. It is applicable to rockburst prevention and control work under complex geological conditions such as high-temperature hard rock tunnels, while improving operational efficiency and environmental performance. It has significant technological innovation and practical value.

[0032] The method of the present invention for promoting the early release of rockburst energy also has at least the following effects:

[0033] 1. Improved operational safety: By pre-leveling the high-temperature hard rock roadway, potential obstacles and uneven areas are eliminated, providing a good foundation for subsequent water spraying operations. Simultaneously, the water temperature is preset based on the surrounding rock surface temperature, effectively cooling and releasing stress in the roadway's surrounding rock, significantly reducing the risk of rock bursts and thus substantially improving the safety of mining operations.

[0034] 2. Enhanced Cooling Effect: The smoothing of the tunnel road ensures that water can be evenly distributed on the surrounding rock surface during water spraying, avoiding uneven spraying caused by uneven road surfaces. Furthermore, precise control of the water temperature creates an effective temperature difference between the water and the surrounding rock surface, enhancing the cooling effect and further promoting the release of internal stress within the surrounding rock.

[0035] 3. Simplified device structure and reduced costs: This invention adopts a single water storage tank design, which greatly simplifies the device structure and reduces manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty compared to multi-tank systems. At the same time, it reduces the number of connecting parts between devices, improving the overall stability and reliability of the system.

[0036] 4. Improved operational efficiency: Road leveling and watering operations can be carried out continuously without interrupting the workflow. Furthermore, automated control of the water temperature regulation and watering system enables rapid response and precise control, improving operational efficiency. Simultaneously, it reduces manual intervention and lowers labor intensity.

[0037] 5. Environmentally friendly and energy-saving: By precisely controlling the water temperature, energy waste caused by excessively high or low water temperatures is avoided. At the same time, the water spraying operation itself helps reduce the temperature and humidity in the tunnels, improving the working environment and reducing negative environmental impacts.

[0038] 6. Easy to maintain and manage: The sprinkler truck of this invention has a compact structure, and its components are easy to disassemble and replace. In addition, the integrated control unit enables centralized management and monitoring of functions such as water temperature regulation and sprinkler operation, facilitating daily maintenance and troubleshooting.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] The method of the present invention for promoting the early release of rockburst energy firstly involves leveling the roadway in the tunnel with rockburst risk, then monitoring the surface temperature of the surrounding rock in the tunnel, adjusting the temperature of the water in the water truck used to spray water into the tunnel based on the monitored temperature, and finally spraying water onto the surface of the surrounding rock in the tunnel using the water truck. The thermal stress effect caused by the water temperature change causes the internal stress of the rock to redistribute, resulting in changes in the physical properties of the surrounding rock, releasing the internal stress of the rock in advance, and causing the rockburst to occur earlier. This method can release rockburst energy in advance, avoid the discovery of rockburst during construction, and facilitate workers' safe entry into the tunnel for the next stage of construction, thus improving safety performance. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the water truck in the embodiment.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a front view of the internal structure of the sprinkler truck in the embodiment.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a top view of the internal structure of the sprinkler truck in the embodiment.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a left view of the internal structure of the sprinkler truck in the embodiment.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tank structure of the water storage tank of the sprinkler truck in the embodiment.

[0047] Legend

[0048] 1. Wheels; 2. Protective plate; 3. Water level gauge; 4. Spring; 5. Water inlet; 6. Compressor; 7. Water outlet pipe; 8. Battery; 9. Wires; 10. Water level control power-off device; 11. Water pump; 12. Controller; 13. Water inlet pipe; 14. Base plate; 15. Wheel axle; 16. Nozzle; 17. Water storage tank; 19. Radiator; 23. Second connecting copper pipe; 24. Third connecting copper pipe; 25. First connecting copper pipe; 26. Condenser pipe; 27. Capillary tube; 28. Waterproof layer; 29. ​​Heat insulation layer; 30. Protective layer. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0050] It should be noted that when a component is described as being "fixed to, attached to, connected to or connected to" another component, it can be directly fixed to, attached to, connected to or connected to the other component, or it can be indirectly fixed to, attached to, connected to or connected to the other component through other intermediate connectors.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0052] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0053] Example:

[0054] The method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0055] (1) Leveling the roads in tunnels with rock burst risk;

[0056] (2) Monitor the surface temperature of the surrounding rock in roadways at risk of rockburst, and adjust the water trucks used for spraying water into the roadways (e.g., based on the monitored temperature) according to the temperature. Figures 1-5 The temperature of the water in the sprinkler truck (as shown) is lower than the monitored temperature;

[0057] (3) Using a water truck to spray water onto the surface of the surrounding rock in the tunnel causes changes in the physical properties of the surrounding rock, releasing the stress inside the rock in advance and causing rock bursts to occur earlier.

[0058] In this embodiment, the temperature of the water in the sprinkler truck used to spray water into the alley is adjusted according to the monitored temperature, as follows:

[0059] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is greater than 50℃, the preset water temperature is 20℃;

[0060] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 45-50℃, the preset water temperature is 15-20℃;

[0061] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 40-45℃, the preset water temperature is 10-15℃;

[0062] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 35-40℃, the preset water temperature is 5-10℃;

[0063] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 30-35℃, the preset water temperature is 0-5℃;

[0064] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is less than 30°C, the preset water temperature is below 0°C (in this embodiment, it can be brine).

[0065] like Figures 1-4 As shown in this embodiment, the water sprinkler truck includes a movable vehicle body, a protective system, and a water spraying system for spraying water outwards. The water spraying system is located on the movable vehicle body. The protective system includes a spring 4 and a protective plate 2. The protective plate 2 is located on the water spraying system and / or the movable vehicle body via the spring 4. The water spraying system is located inside the protective plate 2.

[0066] In this embodiment, the water spraying system includes a water storage tank 17, a water pump 11, an inlet pipe 13, an outlet pipe 7, and a nozzle 16. The inlet of the water pump 11 is connected to the water storage tank 17 through the inlet pipe 13, and the outlet of the water pump 11 is connected to the outlet pipe 7. The outlet pipe 7 is branched into a horizontal pipe for spraying water to both sides of the movable vehicle body and a vertical pipe for spraying water to the top of the movable vehicle body. The nozzle 16 is located at the outlet end of the horizontal pipe and the vertical pipe. The protective plate 2 has an opening at the position corresponding to the nozzle 16 for spraying water outward from the nozzle 16.

[0067] In this embodiment, a water level gauge 3 is provided on the side of the water storage tank 17, and a water injection hole 5 is provided on the top of the water storage tank 17.

[0068] In this embodiment, a temperature control system for adjusting the temperature of the water inside the water tank 17 is connected to the water storage tank 17. The temperature control system includes a compressor 6, a first connecting copper pipe 25, a condenser pipe 26, a capillary tube 27, a radiator 19, a second connecting copper pipe 23, and a third connecting copper pipe 24. The condenser pipe 26 is connected to the compressor 6 and the radiator 19 through the first connecting copper pipe 25 and the third connecting copper pipe 24, respectively. The radiator 19 is connected to the compressor 6 through the second connecting copper pipe 23. The capillary tube 27 is located on the third connecting copper pipe 24.

[0069] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the tank body of the water storage tank 17 includes a waterproof layer 28, a heat insulation layer 29, and a protective layer 30 from the inside out.

[0070] In this embodiment, the water truck is equipped with a temperature monitoring component for monitoring the surface temperature of the surrounding rock in the tunnel where there is a risk of rockburst. The temperature monitoring component is a non-contact temperature measuring device, which can be an infrared thermometer in this embodiment.

[0071] In this embodiment, a control system and a water level control power-off device 10 for cutting off power to the water spray system when there is a water shortage are also included. The control system includes a signal receiver and a controller 12, which is connected to the movable vehicle body, the water spray system and the water level control power-off device 10.

[0072] In this embodiment, the movable vehicle body includes a base plate 14, wheels 1, wheel axles 15, and a drive device for moving the wheels 1. The wheels 1 are mounted on the base plate 14 via wheel axles 15. A battery 8 is provided on the movable vehicle body, and the battery 8 is connected to the water spray system and the movable vehicle body via wires 9. The battery 8 is connected to a water pump 11, a controller 12, etc., for power supply.

[0073] In this embodiment, the protective plate 2 is an inverted U-shaped steel plate, which is mounted on the water storage tank 17 by a spring 4.

[0074] This embodiment is described below with a specific implementation plan:

[0075] The Dahongshan Iron Mine in Yunnan Province is a deep-shaft, high-temperature mine. In some deep tunnels, the working face temperature has reached or exceeded 42°C. During mining, the combined effects of high temperature and stress on the rock make it prone to rockbursts, posing a serious safety hazard to mine production. Therefore, spraying water mist into the tunnels can lower the temperature and release internal rock stress in advance, effectively preventing rockburst accidents. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0076] 1. Road Leveling: Before watering, the road surface must be leveled. This includes removing large rocks, gravel, mud, and other debris, filling potholes, and repairing damaged surfaces to ensure a relatively smooth surface for even water coverage during spraying. Leveling can be done mechanically or manually, depending on the specific conditions of the road surface.

[0077] 2. Surface Temperature Measurement of Surrounding Rock: After the tunnel road is leveled, temperature monitoring devices are used to measure the surface temperature of the surrounding rock at multiple points to obtain average temperature data. This data will serve as the basis for setting the water temperature for sprinkler irrigation.

[0078] 3. Water Temperature Preset: Based on the surface temperature data of the surrounding rock, the water in storage tank 17 is heated or cooled by a temperature control system to reach the preset temperature. The preset values ​​are as follows:

[0079] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is greater than 50 degrees Celsius, the preset water temperature is 20 degrees Celsius.

[0080] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 45-50 degrees Celsius, the preset water temperature is 15-20 degrees Celsius.

[0081] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 40-45 degrees Celsius, the preset water temperature is 10-15 degrees Celsius.

[0082] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 35-40 degrees Celsius, the preset water temperature is 5-10 degrees Celsius.

[0083] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 30-35 degrees Celsius, the preset water temperature is 0-5 degrees Celsius.

[0084] When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is less than 30 degrees Celsius, the preset water temperature is below 0 degrees Celsius (considering the use of brine).

[0085] 4. Sprinkling Operation: After the water temperature is preset, start the water spraying system to evenly sprinkle water on the surface of the surrounding rock in the tunnel. During the sprinkling process, keep the water temperature in the water storage tank 17 stable until the sprinkling operation is completed.

[0086] 5. Completion and Protection: After the watering operation is completed, shut down the water spray system and temperature control system, and check the working status of all components to ensure there are no abnormalities. At the same time, clean and maintain the water storage tank 17 to prepare for the next operation.

[0087] 6. Recording and Analysis: After the watering operation is completed, record all data collected during the watering process (such as tunnel temperature, humidity, water temperature, spray volume, etc.) and analyze the data. Evaluate the effectiveness of the watering operation based on the analysis results and provide improvement suggestions for subsequent operations.

[0088] In practical applications, the water spraying system and protective system can be customized and adjusted according to the specific conditions of the tunnel. The number of nozzles 16 and the spraying range of the water spraying system can be set according to the width and height of the tunnel to ensure uniform water spraying on the surface of the surrounding rock. The number and arrangement of the springs 4 of the protective system can be determined according to the size and shape of the vehicle body to ensure comprehensive protection of the vehicle body.

[0089] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Leveling the roads in tunnels with rock burst risk; (2) Monitor the surface temperature of the surrounding rock in the roadway at risk of rock burst, and adjust the temperature of the water in the water truck used to spray water into the roadway according to the monitored temperature, so that the water temperature in the water truck is lower than the monitored temperature. (3) Use a water truck to spray water onto the surface of the surrounding rock in the tunnel to cause changes in the physical properties of the surrounding rock, release the stress inside the rock in advance, and cause rock bursts to occur earlier. The water truck includes a movable vehicle body, a protective system and a water spraying system for spraying water outwards. The water spraying system is located on the movable vehicle body. The protective system includes a spring (4) and a protective plate (2). The protective plate (2) is located on the water spraying system and / or the movable vehicle body via the spring (4). The water spraying system is located inside the protective plate (2). The water spraying system includes a water tank (17), a water pump (11), an inlet pipe (13), an outlet pipe (7), and a nozzle (16). The inlet of the water pump (11) is connected to the water tank (17) through the inlet pipe (13), and the outlet of the water pump (11) is connected to the outlet pipe (7). The outlet pipe (7) is branched into a horizontal pipe for spraying water to both sides of the movable vehicle body and a vertical pipe for spraying water to the top of the movable vehicle body. The nozzle (16) is located at the outlet end of the horizontal pipe and the vertical pipe. The protective plate (2) has an opening at the position corresponding to the nozzle (16) for spraying water outward from the nozzle (16). The water storage tank (17) is connected to a temperature control system for adjusting the temperature of the water inside. The temperature control system includes a compressor (6), a first connecting copper pipe (25), a condenser pipe (26), a capillary tube (27), a radiator (19), a second connecting copper pipe (23), and a third connecting copper pipe (24). The condenser pipe (26) is connected to the compressor (6) and the radiator (19) through the first connecting copper pipe (25) and the third connecting copper pipe (24), respectively. The radiator (19) is connected to the compressor (6) through the second connecting copper pipe (23). The capillary tube (27) is located on the third connecting copper pipe (24). It also includes a control system and a water level control power-off device (10) for cutting off power to the water spray system in case of water shortage; the control system includes a signal receiver and a controller (12), the controller (12) being connected to the movable vehicle body, the water spray system and the water level control power-off device (10).

2. The method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the monitored temperature, the temperature of the water in the sprinkler truck used to spray water into the alley is adjusted as follows: When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is greater than 50℃, the preset water temperature is 20℃; When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 45-50℃, the preset water temperature is 15-20℃; When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 40-45℃, the preset water temperature is 10-15℃; When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 35-40℃, the preset water temperature is 5-10℃; When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is 30-35℃, the preset water temperature is 0-5℃; When the surface temperature of the surrounding rock is less than 30℃, the preset water temperature is below 0℃.

3. The method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tank (17) consists of a waterproof layer (28), a heat insulation layer (29), and a protective layer (30) from the inside out.

4. The method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water truck is equipped with a temperature monitoring component for monitoring the surface temperature of the surrounding rock in roadways with a risk of rockburst. The temperature monitoring component is a non-contact temperature measurement device.

5. The method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water spraying system is located at the rear end of the water truck in the direction of travel.

6. The method for promoting the early release of rockburst energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective plate (2) is an inverted U-shaped steel plate, which is mounted on the water storage tank (17) by a spring (4).

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