Solar electricity and heat combined system

Abstract

A solar electricity and heat combined system comprises a medium supply device, a solar heat exchanger and a pneumatic motor which are communicated in sequence, an output shaft of the pneumatic motor is connected with a generator, and a medium discharge pipeline of the pneumatic motor is communicated with a water heater, an indoor heating device or a heat pump. According to the system, media such as gas or steam heated by solar energy are adopted to drive the pneumatic motor to generate electricity, the media with a large amount of waste heat are guided to the multiple heating devices for waste heat utilization, the defect that a traditional solar cell panel is adopted to generate electricity is overcome, redundant heat energy is effectively utilized, and the system has outstanding practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a solar energy electric heating combined system, belonging to the technical field of solar energy electric heating combined systems. Background Art

[0002] Solar panels can only convert absorbed heat energy into electrical energy, and the conversion rate is usually only 20%. The heat-to-electricity conversion rate is low, and about 80% of the heat will be wasted. Even for traditional solar panels, cooling devices are needed to cool them to avoid overheating of the solar panels, which is insufficient. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of traditional solar panels, the present invention provides a solar electric and thermal combined system in combination with the pneumatic motor independently developed by the company. The system uses a medium such as gas or steam heated by solar energy to drive the pneumatic motor to generate electricity, and guides the medium with a large amount of waste heat to a variety of heating devices for waste heat utilization. This system not only avoids the deficiencies of using traditional solar panels to generate electricity, but also effectively utilizes the excess heat energy, and has outstanding practicality.

[0004] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A solar electric heat combined system comprises a medium providing device, a solar heat exchanger and an air motor which are connected in sequence. The output shaft of the air motor is connected to a generator, and the medium discharge pipe of the air motor is connected to a water heater, an indoor heating device or a heat pump.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, a solar electric and thermal combined system is provided. The system uses a medium such as gas or steam heated by solar energy to drive a pneumatic motor to generate electricity, and guides the medium with a large amount of waste heat to a variety of heating devices for waste heat utilization. This system not only avoids the shortcomings of using traditional solar panels to generate electricity, but also effectively utilizes excess heat energy, and has outstanding practicality.

[0007] The present invention is further configured as follows: the medium providing device uses water or air as the solar heating medium; when the medium is water, the medium providing device is a water tank, and the water tank is connected to the inlet of the solar heat exchanger by a water capillary; when the medium is air, the medium providing device is a high-pressure gas source, and the high-pressure gas source is connected to the inlet of the solar heat exchanger by a pipeline.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the medium used by the medium providing device is limited.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the pneumatic motor includes a main piston driving cylinder and a driving spring or a secondary piston driving cylinder equipped with the main piston driving cylinder; the inflation and deflation processes of the main piston driving cylinder and the secondary piston driving cylinder are collaboratively controlled by multiple independent intelligent on-off valves, or uniformly controlled by a switching device; the combination of the main piston driving cylinder and the driving spring, as well as the combination of the main piston driving cylinder and the secondary piston driving cylinder, both achieve power output by driving the equipped crankshaft to rotate through alternating extension and retraction.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, an intelligent valve-controlled pneumatic motor is provided. The pneumatic motor uses the alternating extension and retraction of the main piston drive cylinder and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder or the drive spring to drive the crankshaft to rotate to achieve power output. During actual use, the main components of the pneumatic motor (main piston drive cylinder, auxiliary piston drive cylinder / drive spring, crankshaft) are roughly located in the same plane, and will not occupy a large amount of space in multiple directions at the same time, and has the advantage of a compact overall structure.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: when the inflation and deflation processes of the main piston driving cylinder and the auxiliary piston driving cylinder are collaboratively controlled by multiple independent intelligent on-off valves, the controller controls the on-off of the corresponding intelligent on-off valve according to the relationship between the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the piston driving cylinder and the positive work stroke of the piston during the expansion and work of the gas in the piston driving cylinder.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the controller reasonably adjusts the opening and closing time and duration of the intelligent on-off valve on the air inlet and outlet pipes of the piston drive cylinder, which not only satisfies the stable outward power output of the pneumatic motor, but also improves the conversion rate of energy in the air source.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: in the combination of the main piston driving cylinder and the driving spring, the main piston driving cylinder and the driving spring are arranged side by side or respectively on both sides of the crankshaft; when the main piston driving cylinder and the driving spring are arranged side by side, the driving spring is always in a compressed state; when the main piston driving cylinder and the driving spring are respectively arranged on both sides of the crankshaft, the driving spring is always in a stretched state;

[0014] The on-off of the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe at the bottom of the main piston driving cylinder is controlled by a switching device, which includes a sleeve and a switching member slidably arranged in the axial through hole of the sleeve. An inner through hole is arranged on the switching member, and two transverse through holes corresponding to the inner through hole are vertically arranged on the sleeve. The upper end of the switching member is hinged to the crankshaft. The rotation of the crankshaft can drive the switching member to slide up and down in the cavity of the sleeve, thereby realizing the alternating on-off of the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe. The other end of the intake pipe is connected to the balloon.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, a variety of combination methods for the main piston drive cylinder and the drive spring combination are provided, and a switching device 1 for the main piston drive cylinder and the drive spring combination is provided. The switching operation of the switching device 1 is directly driven by the crankshaft, and no additional control valve and switching driving force are required. During use, it is only necessary to keep the intake pipe in a state where high-pressure gas can be directly provided to the main piston drive cylinder. Through the alternating expansion and contraction of the main piston drive cylinder and the drive spring, the continuous rotation of the crankshaft can be achieved, and the continuously rotating crankshaft can continuously operate the switching device 1 to charge and discharge the cylinder body of the main piston drive cylinder. This scheme is novel and ingenious, so that the combination of the main piston drive cylinder, the drive spring and the switching device 1 form a perfect closed loop. As long as the on-off valve on the intake pipe is opened to keep the intake pipe in a state where high-pressure gas can be provided to the main piston drive cylinder, the pneumatic motor can continuously output power and the switching device can be automatically switched, which has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and compact overall structure.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: in the combination of the main piston driving cylinder and the auxiliary piston driving cylinder, the main piston driving cylinder and the auxiliary piston driving cylinder are arranged side by side, and the alternating inflation and deflation of the main piston driving cylinder and the auxiliary piston driving cylinder are uniformly controlled by the switching device 2;

[0017] The switching device 2 includes a sleeve 2, and the side wall of the sleeve 2 is provided with four transverse through holes, which are connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve 2; the inner cavity of the sleeve 2 is slidably arranged with a switching member 2, and two inner through holes are transversely provided on the switching member 2, and the upper end of the switching member 2 is movably connected to the crankshaft, and the rotation of the crankshaft can drive the switching member 2 to reciprocate up and down; when the switching member 2 moves down through the two inner through holes to connect the two transverse through holes on the lower side, the two transverse through holes on the upper side are blocked and disconnected by the switching member 2; when the switching member 2 moves up through the two inner through holes to connect the two transverse through holes on the upper side, the two transverse through holes on the lower side are blocked and disconnected by the switching member 2;

[0018] The bottoms of the main piston drive cylinder and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder are provided with an air intake pipe and an air exhaust pipe, wherein the air intake pipe and the air exhaust pipe of one piston drive cylinder are respectively connected to the openings of two transverse through holes arranged vertically on one side of the second sleeve body, and the air intake pipe and the air exhaust pipe of the other piston drive cylinder are respectively connected to the openings of two transverse through holes arranged vertically on the other side of the second sleeve body, and the transverse through holes connected to the air intake pipes and the air exhaust pipes of the two piston drive cylinders are staggered front to back, and when the air intake pipe of one piston drive cylinder is connected to the upper transverse through hole, the air intake pipe of the other piston drive cylinder is connected to the lower transverse through hole;

[0019] On both sides of the second sleeve, the openings of the transverse through holes that are not connected to the air inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe on the same side, but correspond to the air inlet pipe on the other side, are connected to the air outlet pipe of the balloon through two branch pipes; on both sides of the second sleeve, the openings of the transverse through holes that are not connected to any of the aforementioned pipes are the exhaust ports of the two piston drive cylinders.

[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, a switching device 2 is provided which is specially used in the combination of the main piston drive cylinder and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder. The switching operation of the switching device 2 for charging and discharging the two piston drive cylinders is directly realized by the crankshaft driven by the alternating extension and retraction of the two piston drive cylinders. During use, the alternating charging and discharging of the two piston drive cylinders can be realized by only continuously outputting high-pressure gas from the gas source. During the alternating charging and discharging of the two piston drive cylinders, the rotation of the crankshaft can be realized. The rotating crankshaft can not only output power, but also automatically realize the switching operation of the switching device 2. This scheme is novel and ingenious. The charging and discharging operations of the main piston drive cylinder and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder can be automatically realized by the rotation of the crankshaft itself, so that the combination of the main piston drive cylinder and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder and the switching device 2 form a perfect closed loop. No additional control valve and switching driving force are required. It has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and compact overall structure.

[0021] The present invention is further configured as follows: the inner cavity of the second sleeve body is a wedge-shaped inner cavity, the second switching piece is a wedge-shaped block corresponding to the wedge-shaped inner cavity, the two sloped surfaces of the wedge-shaped block are penetrated by inner through holes, the side walls of the sloped surfaces of the inner cavity of the second sleeve body are penetrated by transverse through holes, and the inner cavity of the second sleeve body is provided with a pushing structure for pushing the second switching piece toward the two sloped surfaces of the inner cavity, the pushing structure includes a pressing block and a pressing spring that can push the pressing block laterally, and the outer surface of the pressing block and the two sloped surfaces of the inner cavity of the second sleeve body form a channel for the wedge-shaped block to slide.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, a corresponding wedge block is set in the inner cavity of the second sleeve body, and a pushing structure is provided to make the wedge block fit tightly with the slope of the wedge inner cavity, which can effectively ensure the air tightness of the slope of the wedge block and the slope of the wedge inner cavity.

[0023] The present invention is further configured as follows: the upper ends of switching member 1 and switching member 2 are hingedly connected to the pull rod, the upper end of the pull rod is slidably connected to the crankshaft through a bar hole, blocks are provided at the edges of both ends of the bar hole, the bar hole is parallel to the axis of the pull rod, and the crankshaft rod body is provided with push protrusions corresponding to the two blocks.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection relationship between the wedge block and the crankshaft is limited.

[0025] The present invention is further configured such that the main piston driving cylinder and the auxiliary piston driving cylinder are parallel to the pull rod.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the two piston drive cylinders and the pull rod are designed to be parallel to each other. This arrangement can further make the components more compact and can further avoid occupying space in multiple directions at the same time.

[0027] The present invention is further configured as follows: the medium discharge pipeline of the pneumatic motor is connected to the water heater, the indoor heating device and the heat pump through the waste heat distributor. The waste heat distributor is equivalent to a combined switch with multiple on-off valves connected in parallel. When used, the corresponding pipeline is opened to achieve heating of different devices.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, an on-off valve is arranged between the substrate discharge pipe of the pneumatic motor and the heat energy utilization device. When in use, heating can be provided to different devices by opening and closing the corresponding pipes.

[0029] The present invention is further configured as follows: the medium providing device and / or the solar heat exchanger is equipped with a pressure relief valve.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, a pressure relief valve is provided for the medium providing device and the solar heat exchanger. The design of the pressure relief valve can effectively avoid the situation where the medium providing device and the solar heat exchanger are burst due to excessive pressure, and can effectively ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0031] The main beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] 1. The present invention provides a solar electric and thermal combined system, which uses a medium such as gas or steam heated by solar energy to drive a pneumatic motor to generate electricity, and guides the medium with a large amount of waste heat to a variety of heating devices for waste heat utilization. This not only avoids the shortcomings of using traditional solar panels to generate electricity, but also effectively utilizes excess heat energy, and has outstanding practicality.

[0033] 2. The pneumatic motor adopted in the present invention realizes power output by alternately extending and retracting the main piston driving cylinder and the auxiliary piston driving cylinder or the driving spring to drive the crankshaft to rotate. During actual use, the main components of the pneumatic motor (main piston driving cylinder, auxiliary piston driving cylinder / driving spring, crankshaft) are roughly located in the same plane and will not occupy a large amount of space in multiple directions at the same time, and has the advantage of compact overall structure.

[0034] 3. The pneumatic motor used in the present invention is provided with a corresponding wedge block in the inner cavity of the second sleeve body, and is equipped with a pushing structure that enables the wedge block to fit closely with the slope of the wedge inner cavity, which can effectively ensure the air tightness of the slope of the wedge block and the slope of the wedge inner cavity.

[0035] 4. The pneumatic motor used in the present invention is designed to have two piston drive cylinders and a pull rod that are parallel to each other. This arrangement can further make the components more compact and can further avoid occupying space in multiple directions at the same time.

[0036] 5. The present invention provides a pressure relief valve for the medium providing device and the solar heat exchanger. The design of the pressure relief valve can effectively prevent the medium providing device and the solar heat exchanger from bursting due to excessive pressure, and can effectively ensure the safe operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the solar heat exchanger is removed;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower part of the first pneumatic motor of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the first pneumatic motor of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a switching element 1 in the first pneumatic motor of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower part of the second pneumatic motor of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the second pneumatic motor of the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a second switching device in a second pneumatic motor of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the switching element 2 in the second pneumatic motor of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transverse section of the sleeve body 2 and the switching element 2 in the second pneumatic motor of the present invention after they are matched.

[0049] In the figure, 1, solar heat exchanger; 11, air pipe; 111, branch pipe; 2, main piston drive cylinder; 2', auxiliary piston drive cylinder; 21, piston; 22, connecting rod; 24, intake pipe; 25, exhaust pipe; 3, crankshaft; 31, push convex block; 32, gear; 41', sleeve body one; 41", sleeve body two; 411, transverse through hole; 42', switching member one; 42", switching member two; 43, pull rod; 431, bar hole; 432, block; 44, pressure block; 45, compression spring; 5, driving spring; 6, base; 7, medium providing device; 8, pneumatic motor; 9, generator; 10, waste heat distributor; A, water heater; B, indoor heating device; C, heat pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Embodiment 1:

[0052] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a solar electric heat combined system includes a medium providing device 7, a solar heat exchanger 1 and an air motor 8 connected in sequence, the output shaft of the air motor 8 is connected to a generator 9, the medium discharge pipe of the air motor 8 is connected to a waste heat distributor 10, and the waste heat distributor 10 is connected to a water heater A, an indoor heating device B or a heat pump C. The medium providing device 7 uses water or air as the solar heating medium; when the medium is water, the medium providing device 7 is a water tank, and the water tank is connected to the inlet of the solar heat exchanger 1 by a water capillary; when the medium is air, the medium providing device 7 is a high-pressure gas source, and the high-pressure gas source is connected to the inlet of the solar heat exchanger 1 by a pipeline.

[0053] When in use, the solar converter 1 of the solar thermal and electric combined system is placed under the sun, and the solenoid valve on the outlet pipe 11 of the solar heat exchanger 1 is opened. When the high-temperature and high-pressure medium in the solar heat exchanger 1 accumulates to a certain amount, the high-temperature and high-pressure medium in the solar heat exchanger 1 drives the pneumatic motor to operate, and the operating pneumatic motor drives the crankshaft 3 to rotate, and the crankshaft 3 drives the generator 8 to rotate to generate electricity. The high-temperature and high-pressure medium discharged when the piston drives the cylinder to deflate is distributed by the waste heat distributor 10 and delivered to the water heater A, the indoor heating device B or the heat pump C as needed, so as to utilize the waste heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure medium.

[0054] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown:

[0055] An intelligent valve-controlled pneumatic motor includes a main piston drive cylinder 2 and a drive spring 5. The inflation and deflation process of the main piston drive cylinder 2 can be coordinated and controlled by multiple independent intelligent on-off valves, or can be uniformly controlled by a switching device. The combination of the main piston drive cylinder 2 and the drive spring 5 drives the crankshaft 3 to rotate through the alternating expansion and contraction of the two, thereby realizing power output.

[0056] The main piston driving cylinder 2 and the driving spring 5 are arranged side by side or respectively on both sides of the crankshaft 3; when the main piston driving cylinder 2 and the driving spring 5 are arranged side by side, the driving spring 5 is always in a compressed state; when the main piston driving cylinder 2 and the driving spring 5 are respectively arranged on both sides of the crankshaft 3, the driving spring 5 is always in a stretched state.

[0057] When the air inlet pipe 24 and the exhaust pipe 25 at the bottom of the main piston drive cylinder 2 are controlled by a plurality of independently configured intelligent on-off valves, the controller controls the on-off of the corresponding intelligent on-off valve according to the relationship between the internal and external pressure difference of the main piston drive cylinder 2 and the positive work stroke of the piston 21 during the gas expansion and work of the main piston drive cylinder 2. The piston positive work stroke ratio is the ratio of the actual positive work stroke of the piston to the maximum stroke of the piston drive cylinder after a single inflation. For example, when the gas is less, the piston is first directly pushed up a section in the piston drive cylinder by the gas expansion, and then moves up a section by the inertia of the piston. Then, the distance directly pushed by the gas expansion is the positive work stroke, and the distance only pushed up by inertia is the negative work stroke. In the negative work stroke, the gas does not do work to the outside, but consumes energy. In this case, the piston positive work stroke ratio is less than 1; only when the piston reaches the upper end of the maximum stroke of the piston drive cylinder under the pushing action of the gas expansion, the piston positive work stroke ratio is equal to 1. In general, in the piston positive work stroke, the pressure inside the piston drive cylinder is greater than the external pressure.

[0058] The opening and closing of the air intake pipe 24 and the exhaust pipe 25 at the bottom of the main piston driving cylinder 2 is controlled by a switching device 1, which includes a sleeve 41' and a switching member 42' slidably arranged in the axial through hole of the sleeve 41'. The switching member 42' is provided with an inner through hole 421, and two transverse through holes 411 corresponding to the inner through hole 421 are vertically arranged on the sleeve 41'. The upper end of the switching member 42' is hinged to the crankshaft 3. The rotation of the crankshaft 3 can drive the switching member 42' to slide up and down in the cavity of the sleeve 41', thereby realizing the alternating opening and closing of the air intake pipe 24 and the exhaust pipe 25. The other end of the air intake pipe 24 is connected to the gas source through the sleeve 41', and the gas source provides high-pressure gas to the sleeve 41' through the gas outlet pipe with an intelligent on-off valve.

[0059] The upper end of the switching member 42′ is hinged to the pull rod 43, and the upper end of the pull rod 43 is slidably connected to the crankshaft 3 through a bar hole 431. Blocks 432 are provided on the edges of the two ends of the bar hole 431. The bar hole 431 is parallel to the axis of the pull rod 43, and the rod body of the crankshaft 3 is provided with push protrusions 31 corresponding to the two blocks 432.

[0060] How it works:

[0061] When the inflation and deflation of the main piston drive cylinder 2 are controlled by multiple independent intelligent on-off valves, the inlet pipe 24 and the exhaust pipe 25 of the main piston drive cylinder 2 are respectively provided with independent intelligent on-off valves. The controller can realize the inflation and deflation of the cylinder body of the main piston drive cylinder 2 by independently controlling the on-off of the two intelligent on-off valves. The inflation and deflation processes are not simultaneous. The specific control method is as follows:

[0062] 1. Startup: In the initial state, the controller first calculates the basic inflation volume according to basic parameters such as the pressure in the air source 1 and the size of the inflation chamber in the main piston drive cylinder 2 (after the pneumatic motor is started, except for the initial calculation of the basic inflation volume, the basic inflation volume will not be calculated repeatedly later).

[0063] 2. Inflation: The controller first instructs the intelligent on-off valve on the exhaust pipe 25 to close, and then instructs the intelligent on-off valve on the intake pipe 24 to perform the inflation operation. As the gas is filled in, the piston 21 gradually moves upward along the stroke from the initial position to perform work. After the inflation is completed, the controller instructs the intelligent on-off valve on the intake pipe 24 to close. In this process,

[0064] When the injected gas makes the piston positive stroke ratio less than 1, the controller instructs the corresponding intelligent on-off valve to vent the gas in the main piston driving cylinder 2, and the next gas volume injected into the main piston driving cylinder 2 increases accordingly until the piston positive stroke ratio is equal to or approximately equal to 1 (when the piston moves to the highest point, the positive stroke ratio is judged to be approximately equal to 1 based on the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the piston driving cylinder. If this pressure difference is within the preset range, it means that the positive stroke ratio is approximately equal to 1. If it deviates from this range, it means that the positive stroke ratio is not approximately equal to 1), and when the pressure difference between the internal pressure of the main piston driving cylinder 2 and the pressure greater than the external atmospheric pressure reaches the preset range (0 Pa-100 Pa, 0 Pa-1000 Pa or 0 Pa-3000 Pa), the controller stops adjusting the inflation.

[0065] When the gas charged makes the piston positive stroke ratio equal to or approximately equal to 1, but the pressure difference between the pressure inside the main piston driving cylinder 2 and the external atmospheric pressure exceeds the preset range value (0 Pa-100 Pa, 0 Pa-1000 Pa or 0 Pa-3000 Pa), the next amount of gas charged into the main piston driving cylinder 2 is reduced accordingly until the piston positive stroke ratio is equal to or approximately equal to 1, and the pressure difference between the pressure inside the main piston driving cylinder 2 and the external atmospheric pressure reaches the preset range value (0 Pa-100 Pa, 0 Pa-1000 Pa or 0 Pa-3000 Pa), the controller stops adjusting the inflation.

[0066] When the gas charged makes the piston positive stroke ratio equal to or approximately equal to 1, and the pressure difference between the pressure in the main piston driving cylinder 2 and the external atmospheric pressure is within the preset range (0 Pa-100 Pa, 0 Pa-1000 Pa or 0 Pa-3000 Pa), the controller will no longer repeatedly calculate and adjust the next inflation amount, but directly continue to repeat the last inflation method;

[0067] 3. Deflation: As long as any of the following conditions is met, the controller instructs the intelligent on-off valve on the exhaust pipe 25 to perform the deflation operation.

[0068] a. When the gas charged makes the piston positive work stroke ratio less than 1, when the piston 21 finishes its positive work, the controller immediately instructs the intelligent on-off valve on the exhaust pipe 25 to perform the deflation operation;

[0069] b. When the injected gas makes the piston positive stroke ratio equal to 1 or approximately equal to 1, and the piston 21 reaches the maximum stroke position of the main piston drive cylinder 2, the controller immediately instructs the intelligent on-off valve on the exhaust pipe 25 to perform the deflation operation.

[0070] For scenarios that require high power, deflate at the highest point of the piston drive cylinder stroke and inflate at the lowest point. The amount of inflation each time is adjusted according to the piston movement speed. If the speed is lower than the expected value, increase the inflation time until the expected speed is reached.

[0071] When the inflation and deflation of the piston drive cylinder 2 are uniformly controlled by the switching device 1, the gas source 1 is first placed in a state where the piston drive cylinder 2 can be inflated at any time. When the pull rod 43 is moved up to the highest position by the push protrusion 31, the inner through hole 421 of the switching member 1 42' is connected to the outlet pipe and the inlet pipe 24 of the gas source, and the high-pressure gas in the gas source instantly fills the cylinder body of the main piston drive cylinder 2. In this process, the piston 21 of the main piston drive cylinder 2 moves up, causing the driving spring 5 to be further compressed. When the piston 21 of the main piston drive cylinder 2 moves up to the highest position, the pull rod 43 is moved down to the lowest position by the push protrusion 31. At this time, the inner through hole 421 of the switching member 1 42' is connected to the outlet pipe 25. Under the action of the thrust of the driving spring 5, the high-pressure gas in the cylinder body of the main piston drive cylinder 2 is discharged. The main piston drive cylinder 2 and the driving spring 5 can reciprocate and expand and contract in this way, and the crankshaft 3 can be driven to rotate uninterruptedly to achieve power output.

[0072] like Figures 7 to 11 As shown:

[0073] Another intelligent valve-controlled pneumatic motor includes a main piston drive cylinder 2 and a secondary piston drive cylinder 2', which are arranged side by side. The inflation and deflation processes of the main piston drive cylinder 2 and the secondary piston drive cylinder 2' can be coordinated and controlled by multiple independent intelligent on-off valves, or can be uniformly controlled by a switching device 2. The combination of the main piston drive cylinder 2 and the secondary piston drive cylinder 2' drives the crankshaft 3 to rotate through the alternating extension and contraction of the two piston drive cylinders, thereby achieving power output.

[0074] The switching device 2 includes a sleeve 41″, and the side wall of the sleeve 41″ is provided with four transverse through holes 411 which penetrate horizontally, and the transverse through holes 411 are connected with the inner cavity of the sleeve 41″; the inner cavity of the sleeve 41″ is slidably provided with a switching member 42″, and two inner through holes 421 are horizontally provided on the switching member 42″, and the upper end of the switching member 42″ is movably connected with the crankshaft 3, and the rotation of the crankshaft 3 can drive the switching member 42″ to reciprocate up and down; when the switching member 42″ moves downward through the two inner through holes 421 to connect the two transverse through holes 411 on the lower side, the two transverse through holes 411 on the upper side are blocked and disconnected by the switching member 42″; when the switching member 42″ moves upward through the two inner through holes 421 to connect the two transverse through holes 411 on the upper side, the two transverse through holes 411 on the lower side are blocked and disconnected by the switching member 42″;

[0075] The bottom of the main piston drive cylinder 2 and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder 2' are provided with an air intake pipe 24 and an air exhaust pipe 25, wherein the air intake pipe 24 and the air exhaust pipe 25 of one piston drive cylinder are respectively connected to the openings of two transverse through holes 411 arranged vertically on one side of the second sleeve 41", and the air intake pipe 24 and the air exhaust pipe 25 of the other piston drive cylinder are respectively connected to the openings of two transverse through holes 411 arranged vertically on the other side of the second sleeve 41", and the transverse through holes 411 connected to the air intake pipes 24 and the air exhaust pipes 25 of the two piston drive cylinders are staggered front to back, and when the air intake pipe 24 of one piston drive cylinder is connected to the upper transverse through hole 411, the air intake pipe 24 of the other piston drive cylinder is connected to the lower transverse through hole 411;

[0076] On both sides of the second sleeve 41″, the openings of the transverse through holes 411 that are not connected to the air inlet pipe 24 and the air inlet pipe 25 on the same side, but corresponding to the air inlet pipe 24 on the other side, are connected to the air outlet pipe 11 of the air source 1 through two branch pipes 111, and the air outlet pipe 11 of the air source 1 is equipped with an intelligent on-off valve; on both sides of the second sleeve 41″, the openings of the transverse through holes 411 that are not connected to any of the aforementioned pipelines are the exhaust ports of the two piston drive cylinders.

[0077] The inner cavity of the second sleeve 41" is a wedge-shaped inner cavity, and the second switching member 42" is a wedge-shaped block corresponding to the wedge-shaped inner cavity. The two sloped surfaces of the wedge-shaped block are penetrated by an inner through hole 421. The side walls of the inner cavity of the second sleeve 41" with the sloped surface are penetrated by a transverse through hole 411. The inner cavity of the second sleeve 41" is provided with a pushing structure for pushing the switching member 42" toward the two sloped surfaces of the inner cavity. The pushing structure includes a pressing block 44 and a pressing spring 45 that can push the pressing block 44 laterally. The outer surface of the pressing block 44 and the two sloped surfaces of the inner cavity of the second sleeve 41" form a channel for the wedge block to slide.

[0078] The upper end of the second switching member 42″ is hinged to the pull rod 43, and the upper end of the pull rod 43 is slidably connected to the crankshaft 3 by means of a bar hole 431. The edges of the two ends of the bar hole 431 are provided with stoppers 432. The bar hole 431 is parallel to the axis of the pull rod 43, and the rod body of the crankshaft 3 is provided with push protrusions 31 corresponding to the two stoppers 432. The main piston driving cylinder 2 and the auxiliary piston driving cylinder 2′ are parallel to the pull rod 43. The two protrusions of the crankshaft 3 are hinged to the pistons 21 of the main piston driving cylinder 2 and the auxiliary piston driving cylinder 2′ by means of a connecting rod 22, and the two protrusions of the crankshaft 3 are respectively located on the corresponding sides of the crankshaft 3.

[0079] How it works:

[0080] Open the intelligent on-off valve on the outlet pipe 11 of the gas source 1, and the high-pressure gas in the gas source 1 alternately enters the main piston drive cylinder 2 and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder 2' through the two branch pipes 111. The piston 21 of the main piston drive cylinder 2 filled with high-pressure gas pushes the protrusion of the crankshaft 3 outward, driving the crankshaft 3 to rotate. The rotating crankshaft 3 will cause the piston 21 of the auxiliary piston drive cylinder 2' to retract into the cylinder body, realizing the exhaust of the auxiliary piston drive cylinder 2'. The two main piston drive cylinders 2 and auxiliary piston drive cylinders 2' can realize the continuous rotation of the crankshaft 3 by alternating in this way, and the gears at both ends of the crankshaft 3 can output power outward by meshing with other components.

[0081] When the pull rod 43 is pressed by the push block 31 of the crankshaft 3 and moves down to the bottom, the two inner through holes 421 of the switching member 42 connect the two lower transverse through holes 411, and the two upper transverse through holes 411 are blocked and disconnected by the switching member 42, the left main piston driving cylinder 2 is deflated, and the right auxiliary piston driving cylinder 2′ is inflated;

[0082] When the pull rod 43 is squeezed and moved to the uppermost part by the pushing block 31 of the crankshaft 3, the two inner through holes 421 of the switching member 42 connect the two upper transverse through holes 411, and the two lower transverse through holes 411 are blocked and disconnected by the switching member 42, the left main piston driving cylinder 2 is inflated, and the right auxiliary piston driving cylinder 2' is deflated.

Claims

1. A solar thermal power system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a medium supply device (7), a solar heat exchanger (1) and a pneumatic motor (8) which are connected in sequence, wherein the output shaft of the pneumatic motor (8) is connected to a generator (9), and the medium discharge pipe of the pneumatic motor (8) is connected to a water heater (A), an indoor heating device (B) or a heat pump (C).

2. A solar thermal power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium providing device (7) uses water or air as the solar heating medium. When the medium is water, the medium providing device (7) is a water tank, which is connected to the inlet of the solar heat exchanger (1) by a water capillary. When the medium is air, the medium providing device (7) is a high-pressure gas source, which is connected to the inlet of the solar heat exchanger (1) by a pipeline.

3. A solar thermal power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic motor comprises a main piston drive cylinder (2) and a drive spring (5) or a secondary piston drive cylinder (2′) provided with the main piston drive cylinder (2); the inflation and deflation processes of the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the secondary piston drive cylinder (2′) are controlled by a plurality of independent intelligent on-off valves, or are uniformly controlled by a switching device; the combination of the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the drive spring (5), and the combination of the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the secondary piston drive cylinder (2′), both achieve power output by driving the rotation of the provided crankshaft (3) through alternating expansion and contraction.

4. The intelligent valve-controlled pneumatic motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the inflation and deflation processes of the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder (2′) are cooperatively controlled by a plurality of independent intelligent on-off valves, the controller controls the on-off of the corresponding intelligent on-off valves according to the relationship between the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the piston drive cylinder and the positive work stroke of the piston (21) during the process of gas expansion and work in the piston drive cylinder.

5. A solar thermal power system according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the combination of the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the drive spring (5), the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the drive spring (5) are arranged side by side or respectively on both sides of the crankshaft (3); when the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the drive spring (5) are arranged side by side, the drive spring (5) is always in a compressed state; when the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the drive spring (5) are respectively arranged on both sides of the crankshaft (3), the drive spring (5) is always in a stretched state; The opening and closing of the air intake pipe (24) and the air exhaust pipe (25) at the bottom of the main piston driving cylinder (2) is controlled by a switching device. The switching device comprises a sleeve (41') and a switching member (42') slidably arranged in the axial through hole of the sleeve (41'). The switching member (42') is provided with an inner through hole (421). The sleeve (41') is vertically provided with two transverse through holes (411) corresponding to the inner through hole (421). The upper end of the switching member (42') is hinged to the crankshaft (3). The rotation of the crankshaft (3) can drive the switching member (42') to slide up and down in the cavity of the sleeve (41'), thereby realizing the alternating opening and closing of the air intake pipe (24) and the exhaust pipe (25). The other end of the air intake pipe (24) is connected to the balloon (1).

6. A solar thermal power system according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the combination of the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder (2'), the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder (2') are arranged side by side, and the alternating inflation and deflation of the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder (2') are uniformly controlled by the switching device 2; The switching device 2 comprises a sleeve 2 (41"), the side wall of the sleeve 2 (41") is provided with four transverse through holes (411) which penetrate transversely, and the transverse through holes (411) are connected with the inner cavity of the sleeve 2 (41"); the inner cavity of the sleeve 2 (41") is slidably provided with a switching member 2 (42"), and the switching member 2 (42") is provided with two inner through holes (421) transversely, and the upper end of the switching member 2 (42") is movably connected with the crankshaft (3), and the The rotation of the crankshaft (3) can drive the switching member 2 (42″) to reciprocate up and down; when the switching member 2 (42″) moves downward through the two inner through holes (421) to connect the two lower transverse through holes (411), the two upper transverse through holes (411) are blocked and disconnected by the switching member 2 (42″); when the switching member 2 (42″) moves upward through the two inner through holes (421) to connect the two upper transverse through holes (411), the two lower transverse through holes (411) are blocked and disconnected by the switching member 2 (42″); The bottoms of the main piston drive cylinder (2) and the auxiliary piston drive cylinder (2') are provided with an air intake pipe (24) and an air exhaust pipe (25), wherein the air intake pipe (24) and the air exhaust pipe (25) of one piston drive cylinder are respectively connected to the openings of two transverse through holes (411) arranged vertically on one side of the second sleeve (41"), and the air intake pipe (24) and the air exhaust pipe (25) of the other piston drive cylinder are respectively connected to the openings of two transverse through holes (411) arranged vertically on the other side of the second sleeve (41"), and the transverse through holes (411) connected to the air intake pipes (24) and the air exhaust pipes (25) of the two piston drive cylinders are staggered front to back, and when the air intake pipe (24) of one piston drive cylinder is connected to the upper transverse through hole (411), the air intake pipe (24) of the other piston drive cylinder is connected to the lower transverse through hole (411); The openings of the transverse through holes (411) on both sides of the second sleeve (41"), which are not connected to the air inlet pipe (24) and the air inlet pipe (25) on the same side, but corresponding to the air inlet pipe (24) on the other side, are connected to the air outlet pipe (11) of the balloon (1) through two branch pipes (111); the openings of the transverse through holes (411) on both sides of the second sleeve (41"), which are not connected to any of the aforementioned pipes, are exhaust ports of the two piston drive cylinders.

7. A solar thermal power system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the second sleeve (41") is a wedge-shaped inner cavity, and the second switching member (42") is a wedge-shaped block corresponding to the wedge-shaped inner cavity. The two slope surfaces of the wedge-shaped block are penetrated by an inner through hole (421). The side wall of the inner cavity of the second sleeve (41") where the slope is set is penetrated by a transverse through hole (411). The inner cavity of the second sleeve (41") is provided with a pushing structure for pushing the second switching member (42") toward the two slope surfaces of the inner cavity. The pushing structure includes a pressing block (44) and a pressing spring (45) that can push the pressing block (44) laterally. The outer surface of the pressing block (44) and the two slope surfaces of the inner cavity of the second sleeve (41") form a channel for the wedge block to slide.

8. A solar thermal power system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The upper ends of the switching member 1 (42′) and the switching member 2 (42″) are hinged to a pull rod (43), and the upper end of the pull rod (43) is slidably connected to the crankshaft (3) by means of a bar hole (431). Stoppers (432) are arranged at the edges of both ends of the bar hole (431), and the bar hole (431) is parallel to the axis of the pull rod (43). A push protrusion (31) corresponding to the two stoppers (432) is arranged on the rod body of the crankshaft (3).

9. A solar thermal power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium discharge pipeline of the pneumatic motor (8) is connected to the water heater (A), the indoor heating device (B) and the heat pump (C) through the waste heat distributor (10).

10. A solar thermal power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium providing device (7) and / or the solar heat exchanger (1) is equipped with a pressure relief valve.

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