Hydrogen pipeline safety protection device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy safety, and particularly relates to a hydrogen pipeline safety protection device. The safety protection device for the hydrogen pipeline comprises a static electricity conduction anti-corrosion layer arranged on the outer side of the pipeline and a fire retardant assembly arranged on the outer side of the static electricity conduction anti-corrosion layer, and the fire retardant assembly is constructed to be capable of preventing flame from spreading. The fire-retardant assembly is arranged, so that the fire-retardant effect can be achieved on leakage and self-combustion of hydrogen, and the risk of fire explosion is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy safety, and in particular, relates to a hydrogen pipeline safety protection device. Background Art

[0002] Pipelines and equipment serving in high-pressure hydrogen environments are prone to hydrogen embrittlement failure, especially weak links such as welded joints, which are prone to cracking due to hydrogen damage, welding defects, stress concentration, improper heat treatment process, etc.

[0003] Sudden cracking of hydrogen pipelines will lead to large-scale leakage of hydrogen. The leaked hydrogen and air quickly form a flammable and explosive mixed gas, and the hydrogen rubs sharply against the cracked part of the pipeline, generating static sparks, which can easily cause serious combustion and explosion accidents.

[0004] When a hydrogen pipeline cracks, the high-pressure gas in the pipe cannot be emptied immediately. Instead, a decompression wave is generated from the fracture point to both sides and propagates to the two far ends. Since the hydrogen decompression wave speed is lower than the crack growth speed, the crack tip will continue to maintain a high stress state, causing the crack to continue to grow at a high speed and the pipeline to fracture ductilely. In addition, after a hydrogen pipeline leaks, a jet may form under the action of pressure. In this case, once the gas at the leak hole is ignited, a jet fire will form. For overhead hydrogen pipelines, if a jet fire occurs, it will have a great impact on the safety of surrounding equipment and personnel, especially when there are hydrogen pipelines laid side by side, which can easily lead to chain accidents.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN101205999A discloses a pipeline repair, reinforcement, enhancement and / or crack arresting technology. The present invention relates to a pipeline, especially a method for repairing, reinforcing and / or enhancing a metal pipeline and a method for arresting cracks in a pipeline, characterized in that the part of the pipeline that needs to be repaired, reinforced and / or enhanced or needs to be arrested is first coated with an insulating material, and then a high-strength fiber composite material is laid.

[0006] The elastic modulus of the material used in the present invention is close to that of the metal pipe body material, and can be integrated with the pipeline to jointly bear the pressure inside the pipe, and enable the final composite pipeline to reach the required pressure bearing capacity, such as restoring the original maximum operating pressure of the pipeline; and it can play a good role in stopping cracks when accidents such as pipeline bursts occur. In addition, because the bottom layer uses insulating materials, the possibility of galvanic corrosion between the pipeline and the reinforcement material is completely eliminated. The method of the present invention is simple to construct, does not require fire, is conducive to the close fit between the reinforcement material and the pipe body, and between the reinforcement layers, and can repair, reinforce and enhance the pipeline in service.

[0007] The present invention cannot achieve the effects of pipeline leak detection, fire prevention, leak blocking, etc.

[0008] Chinese patent document CN107310167B discloses a construction method of a reinforced carbon fiber cloth composite layer and a pipeline crack arrester using the method. It is characterized in that: at least four layers of reinforced carbon fiber cloth with the same shape are stacked, impregnated with a binder and then solidified into a reinforced carbon fiber cloth composite layer; the tensile directions of each layer of reinforced carbon fiber cloth alternately have angles from top to bottom, and the angle range is between 15° and 60°; the reinforced carbon fiber cloth at each angle is composed of at least two reinforced carbon fiber cloths with the same main fiber direction stacked together; a non-solidified strip without adhesive impregnation is left in the middle section of the reinforced carbon fiber cloth composite layer. The crack arrester constructed using this method can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipeline and achieve flexible crack arrest of ductile fracture of the pipeline.

[0009] The present invention cannot achieve the effects of pipeline leak detection, fire prevention, leak blocking, etc.

[0010] Chinese patent document CN207094070U discloses a crack arrester for a supercritical CO2 delivery pipeline. The utility model relates to the field of pipeline fracture control, and in particular to a crack arrester for a supercritical CO2 delivery pipeline. A crack arrester for a supercritical CO2 delivery pipeline, from the outer surface of the supercritical CO2 delivery pipeline from the inside to the outside, is a first insulating layer, a carbon fiber cloth composite layer, a second insulating layer, a rubber cushion layer and a metal sheath layer. The crack arrester for a supercritical CO2 delivery pipeline disclosed in the utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. It is helpful to reduce the crack driving force, prevent crack propagation, and effectively stop cracks. It can also repair and reinforce the pipeline, and play a role in strengthening and reinforcing the local pipeline; 2. It can reduce the damage caused by stratum collapse, gravel and third-party physical and mechanical effects, and avoid the erosion of the internal carbon fiber cloth composite layer by long-term sunlight, weathering, etc.

[0011] The present invention cannot achieve the effects of pipeline leak detection, fire prevention, leak blocking, etc.

[0012] Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of hydrogen pipelines and equipment, it is urgent to propose a multifunctional safety protection device for hydrogen pipeline leakage detection, crack prevention and fire prevention, targeting weak links such as welds. Summary of the invention

[0013] In view of the technical problems mentioned above, the present invention aims to provide a hydrogen pipeline safety protection device, which can solve at least one of the above problems.

[0014] According to the present invention, a hydrogen pipeline safety protection device is provided, comprising an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer arranged on the outside of the pipeline, and a fire-blocking component arranged on the outside of the electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer, wherein the fire-blocking component is configured to prevent flame spread.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the fire-blocking assembly comprises a fire-blocking metal sleeve, and the fire-blocking metal sleeve is configured to prevent the spread of flames through a cold wall effect or a vessel wall effect.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the fire-retardant assembly comprises a protective shell and a flame-retardant expansion core material, wherein the flame-retardant expansion core material is arranged on the inner side of the protective shell, and the flame-retardant expansion core material is configured to expand when exposed to fire.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a mounting groove is provided on the inner side of the protective shell, and the flame-retardant expansion core material is arranged in the mounting groove.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the flame retardant expandable core material comprises low-density polyethylene, lignin, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate and a foaming agent.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to melamine cyanurate in the flame retardant expandable core material is 7:5 to 7:8.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the electrostatically conductive anti-corrosion layer includes epoxy resin, water-based amine adduct, conductive mica powder, corrosion-resistant pigments and fillers, and modified amine curing agent.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device further comprises a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper, and the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper is arranged between the static conductive anti-corrosion layer and the fire-blocking component.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper comprises multiple layers of fiber cloth, and the fiber cloth is made of reinforced carbon fiber material.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the winding direction angle between two adjacent layers of the fiber cloth is in the range of 15° to 45°.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the reinforced fiber layer crack arresters are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the pipe.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device also includes a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating arranged on the outside of the fire-blocking component.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, a thermocouple is arranged inside the flame retardant expandable core material, and a hydrogen sensor is arranged on the inner side of the flame retardant expandable core material.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are as follows.

[0028] The present invention is provided with a fire-blocking component, which can prevent the leakage and spontaneous combustion of hydrogen and avoid the risk of combustion and explosion.

[0029] The present invention is provided with a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper, which can stop the expansion of various cracks in the hydrogen pipeline and avoid the expansion of the accident scope.

[0030] The invention is provided with a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating, which has a rapid detection function of hydrogen leakage. In addition, the invention is also provided with a thermocouple and a hydrogen sensor, which can monitor hydrogen leakage and combustion after hydrogen leakage.

[0031] The present invention has a simple overall structure, is easy to install and has reliable performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 A longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA direction;

[0035] Figure 3 It shows a schematic diagram of the top view of the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of pipeline repair is shown.

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 1. Anti-static corrosion layer; 2. Reinforced fiber layer crack arrester; 30. Fire-retardant assembly; 3. Protective shell; 4. Flame-retardant expanding core material; 5. Hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating; 6. Fixing bolts; 7. Pipeline; 8. Thermocouple; 9. Hydrogen sensor; 10. Epoxy mortar; 100. Hydrogen pipeline safety protection device.

[0041] In the present application, all drawings are schematic drawings, which are only used to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] It should be noted that the directional terms or qualifiers used in this application, "inside" refers to the direction close to the central axis of the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device 100, and "outside" refers to the direction away from the central axis of the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device 100.

[0044] Figure 1 The structure of the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device 100 according to the present invention is shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device 100 is arranged on the outside of the pipeline 7, including an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1 and a fire-blocking component 30. The electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1 is arranged on the outside of the pipeline 7, and the fire-blocking component 30 is arranged on the outside of the electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1.

[0045] Specifically, the electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1 is a layer of electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion material applied on the surface of the pipeline 7, so that the electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion material is combined with the base of the pipeline 7 to form a dense protective film, and the performance of the protective film is not affected under bending and torsion conditions. In this embodiment, the electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1 plays a role in long-term corrosion protection and prolongs the service life of the pipeline 7. On the other hand, when hydrogen leaks, the electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1 can reduce the risk of fire caused by friction between hydrogen and the leakage hole of the pipeline 7.

[0046] According to the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the anti-static material used in the anti-static layer 1 includes epoxy resin, water-based amine adduct, conductive mica powder, corrosion-resistant pigment and filler, and modified amine curing agent. The epoxy resin, water-based amine adduct, conductive mica powder, and corrosion-resistant pigment and filler are mixed to form component A. Preferably, the molecular formula of the epoxy resin is (C 11 H 12 O3)n, the corrosion-resistant pigment is zinc phosphate, and the weight ratio of the conductive mica powder in component A to the epoxy resin is 0.4:1 to 0.7:1. The modified amine curing agent is component B. Component A and component B are mixed to form the coating required for the electrostatic conductive anticorrosion layer 1. Preferably, in terms of weight, component A: component B = 5:1.

[0047] The electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion material provided in this embodiment can form a dense protective film after being applied to the outer surface of the pipeline 7, which can provide long-term anti-corrosion and reduce the risk of fire caused by friction electrification during hydrogen leakage, and the performance of the protective film is not affected under bending and torsion conditions.

[0048] In one embodiment provided by the present invention, the fire-blocking assembly 30 is configured to prevent the spread of flames. Specifically, the fire-blocking assembly 30 in this embodiment includes a fire-blocking metal sleeve (not shown in the figure), which is configured to prevent the spread of flames through the cold wall effect or the vessel wall effect. In this embodiment, the fire-blocking metal sleeve is made of a material such as a foamed metal or a sintered metal, which can itself play a fire-blocking role on the jet flame generated by the leakage and spontaneous combustion through the cold wall effect and the vessel wall effect. Through this arrangement, when hydrogen leaks from the pipeline 7 and a fire occurs, the generated flame can be quickly extinguished under the cold wall effect and the vessel wall effect after encountering the fire-blocking metal sleeve, thereby achieving the effect of fire blocking.

[0049] According to the present invention, in this embodiment, a reinforced carbon fiber crack stopper 2 is provided between the static conductive anti-corrosion layer 1 and the fire-blocking assembly 30 .

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 includes multiple layers of fiber cloth, which is made of reinforced carbon fiber material. After the fiber cloth is impregnated with epoxy resin, it is wound on the surface of the pipe 7 in a multi-layer winding manner, thereby forming the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2.

[0051] During the fiber cloth winding process, the anisotropy of the fiber needs to be considered. The winding direction of each layer of fiber cloth has a certain angle, forming a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipeline 7. In a preferred embodiment, the winding direction angle of two adjacent layers of fiber cloth ranges from 15° to 45°. The selection criteria for the thickness of the winding layer are that the circumferential stress between the pipeline 7 and the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 is uniformly distributed and the safety factor is 1.5. The reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 can absorb the fracture energy to a certain extent when the pipeline 7 cracks, prevent and delay the fracture, and stop the fracture expansion.

[0052] According to the present invention, the reinforcing fiber layer crack stopper 2 can be arranged at a weak position with a risk of cracking of the pipeline 7. The reinforcing fiber layer crack stopper 2 can also be distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline 7 and arranged on both sides of the axial direction of the weak position of the pipeline 7.

[0053] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the fire-blocking assembly 30 is configured to prevent the spread of flames. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fire-blocking assembly 30 in this embodiment includes a protective shell 3 and a flame-retardant expansion core material 4. The flame-retardant expansion core material 4 is arranged inside the protective shell 3, and the flame-retardant expansion core material 4 is configured to expand when exposed to fire.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, the protective shell 3 can be made of stainless steel. The protective shell 3 made of stainless steel has the advantages of high hardness, high strength and good corrosion resistance. The protective shell 3 is located on the outside of the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2. On the one hand, it can better protect the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 and the pipeline 7 structure from being damaged by the external environment. On the other hand, the protective shell 3 can prevent the thermal shock, thermal radiation and burning of the hydrogen pipeline 7 caused by external fire. On another hand, the protective shell 3 can limit the expansion direction of the flame retardant expansion core material 4 during the expansion of the flame retardant expansion core material 4 when it encounters fire, so that the flame retardant expansion core material 4 can more quickly block the leakage point, thereby preventing the spread of flames.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the protective shell 3 includes two circular groove semicircular rings of the same structure, and connecting ears for installing fixing bolts 6 are provided at both ends of the two circular groove semicircular rings. Through this connection mode, on the one hand, the protective shell 3 can be quickly installed and quickly disassembled on the pipeline 7. On the other hand, by adjusting the size of the pre-tightening force of the fixing bolts 6, the tightness between the protective shell 3 and the pipeline 7 can be adjusted, and then the amount of the flame-retardant expansion core material 4 inside the protective shell 3 can be adjusted to enhance the fire-retardant effect of the fire-retardant assembly 3.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, a mounting groove is provided on the inner side of the protective shell 3, and the flame retardant expansion core material 4 is provided in the mounting groove. Specifically, the mounting groove is provided in an annular shape, the central axis of the mounting groove coincides with the central axis of the protective shell 3, and the opening of the mounting groove is located on the inner wall of the protective shell 3. With this arrangement, after the flame retardant expansion core material 4 expands in the fire, it can only expand toward the inner side of the protective shell 3 under the restriction of the mounting groove, thereby quickly blocking the leakage point.

[0057] According to the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the flame retardant expansion core material 4 includes low-density polyethylene, lignin, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate and a foaming agent.

[0058] Further, the weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to melamine cyanurate in the flame retardant expansion core material 4 is 7:5 to 7:8. Preferably, the weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to melamine cyanurate in the flame retardant expansion core material 4 is 7:6.

[0059] The preparation method of the flame-retardant expandable core material 4 of the present invention is as follows: low-density polyethylene, lignin, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate and a foaming agent are taken, the low-density polyethylene is melted and rolled at 140°C to 150°C, and then the dried mixture of lignin, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate and a foaming agent is added, kneaded for 8 to 15 minutes, and then hot-pressed at 15MPa and 200°C for 3 to 5 minutes, and cooled to set.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device further includes a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 disposed on the outside of the fire-blocking component 30. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 is coated on the outside of the protective shell 3 , that is, the hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 is the outermost layer of the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device 100 .

[0061] The hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 is prepared by spraying a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing material uniformly on the outer surface of the protective shell 3 , which can realize rapid detection of hydrogen leakage at room temperature.

[0062] It should be noted that the hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 is a prior art, and its specific components are not the technical points of the present invention and will not be described in detail here.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, a thermocouple 8 is arranged inside the flame retardant expandable core material 4 , and a hydrogen sensor 9 is arranged on the inner side of the flame retardant expandable core material 4 .

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of thermocouples 8 are evenly arranged inside the flame retardant expansion core material 4 along the circumferential direction, and the direction of the central axis of each thermocouple 8 is parallel to the central axis of the pipe 7. Specifically, in the process of filling the flame retardant expansion core material 4 into the inner side of the protective shell 3, the thermocouple 8 is buried inside the flame retardant expansion core material 4. After hydrogen leaks and generates an open flame, the part of the flame retardant expansion core material 4 is the part that heats up the fastest. Therefore, under this arrangement of the present invention, the temperature change can be quickly sensed after hydrogen leaks and generates an open flame.

[0065] A plurality of hydrogen sensors 9 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction between the flame retardant expanded core material 4 and the reinforcing fiber layer crack stopper 2. That is, the outer side of the hydrogen sensor 9 contacts the flame retardant expanded core material 4, and the inner side of the hydrogen sensor 9 contacts the reinforcing fiber layer crack stopper 2.

[0066] The flame retardant expansion core material 4 is soft and has a flexible shape, so it can be adapted to thermocouples 8 and hydrogen sensors 9 of different shapes according to specific circumstances. In addition, the flame retardant expansion core material 4 can provide a certain degree of protection for the thermocouples 8 and hydrogen sensors 9.

[0067] The present invention can be applied to newly built or in-service pipelines 7, and has the characteristics of no interruption of transportation, no fire, simplicity and speed, and provides a proper and effective solution for fracture control, fire prevention and hydrogen leakage detection of in-service transmission pipelines 7 without stopping operation and reducing pressure.

[0068] Embodiment 1:

[0069] According to the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the setting method of the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device 100 is as follows.

[0070] For weak locations of the hydrogen pipeline 7 where internal cracks exist or there is a risk of cracking, a static conductive anti-corrosion coating is uniformly prepared on the surface of the pipeline 7 to form a static conductive anti-corrosion layer 1.

[0071] Then, the fiber cloth is cut according to the required width, impregnated with epoxy resin, and then wound on the surface of the pipe 7 in multiple layers, with each layer of fiber cloth being wound at an angle of 15° to 45°, to form a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipe, thereby increasing the fracture resistance and crack expansion resistance of the pipe 7. When cracks occur in the pipe 7, the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 can absorb the fracture energy to a certain extent, prevent and delay the fracture, and stop the fracture expansion.

[0072] The inner side of the protective shell 3 is filled with a flame-retardant expansion core material 4, and the protective shell 3 filled with the flame-retardant expansion core material 4 is sleeved on the outer surface of the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2, and then the protective shell 3 is fixed with fixing bolts. Finally, a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing material is sprayed on the outer surface of the protective shell 3 to form a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 to achieve rapid detection of hydrogen leakage.

[0073] Through this arrangement of the present invention, the hydrogen pipeline 7 can be prevented from cracking, and the leakage and spontaneous combustion of the hydrogen pipeline 7 can be prevented from forming and spreading. At the same time, it has the function of rapid detection of hydrogen leakage, which plays an important role in ensuring the safe and stable operation of high-pressure hydrogen equipment and pipelines.

[0074] Embodiment 2:

[0075] This embodiment is described by taking the prevention and fire prevention of the cracking accident of the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 7 as an example.

[0076] In this embodiment, the hydrogen pipeline installation protection device 100 mainly includes an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1, a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2, a protective shell 3, a flame-retardant expansion core material 4 and fixing bolts 6.

[0077] The hydrogen pipeline installation protection device 100 provided in this embodiment can be used for crack prevention and fire prevention of the hydrogen pipeline 7 .

[0078] For the weak parts of the hydrogen pipeline 7 where there are internal cracks or the risk of cracking, a dense electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion coating is first prepared on the surface to form an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1.

[0079] Then, the reinforced carbon fiber cloth is cut according to the required width, impregnated with epoxy resin and wound on the surface of the pipe 7. Each layer of fiber cloth has a certain angle in the winding direction, forming a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipe 7.

[0080] Then, a metal protective shell 3 is sleeved on the outer surface of the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 .

[0081] Then, the flame retardant expanded core material 4 is filled into the metal protective shell 3 .

[0082] Finally, the metal protective shell 3 is fastened to the pipeline 7 by fixing the bolts 6 .

[0083] Embodiment three:

[0084] This embodiment is described by taking the prevention and fire prevention of high-pressure hydrogen pipeline cracking accidents as an example.

[0085] In this embodiment, the hydrogen pipeline installation protection device 100 mainly includes an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1, a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2, a protective shell 3, a flame-retardant expansion core material 4 and fixing bolts 6.

[0086] According to the specific situation of pipeline 7, for the weak parts of hydrogen pipeline 7 with internal cracks or cracking risks, a dense electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion coating is first prepared on the surface to form an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1. The electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1 covers the weak parts and extends to both axial sides of the weak parts.

[0087] The reinforced carbon fiber cloth is cut to the required width, impregnated with epoxy resin and then wound on the surfaces of the weak part of the pipe 7 on both sides of the axial direction, and each layer of the fiber cloth is wound at a certain angle to form a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipe 7. In other words, two reinforced fiber layer crack stoppers 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the axial direction of the weak part of the pipe 7.

[0088] Then, a fire-retardant metal protective shell 3 is installed at the weak position of the pipeline 7 , and two reinforced fiber layer crack stoppers 2 are respectively located on both sides of the protective shell 3 in the axial direction.

[0089] Then, the flame retardant expanded core material 4 is filled in the metal protective shell 3 .

[0090] Finally, the metal protective shell 3 is fastened to the pipeline 7 by fixing the bolts 6 .

[0091] Embodiment 4:

[0092] This embodiment is described by taking the prevention of high-pressure hydrogen pipeline cracking accidents as an example.

[0093] In this embodiment, according to the specific conditions of the pipeline 7, the reinforced carbon fiber cloth is cut according to the required width, impregnated with epoxy resin and then wound on the surface of the pipeline 7, and each layer of fiber cloth has a certain angle in the winding direction, forming a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipeline 7. At the weak link of the pipeline 7, multiple reinforced fiber layer crack stoppers 2 are arranged at a certain distance.

[0094] This device can be used to stop cracks in hydrogen pipelines 7. For hydrogen pipelines 7 with internal cracks or weak parts with the risk of cracking, a dense electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion coating is first prepared on the surface of the pipeline 7 to form an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1. Then, at a certain interval, the reinforced carbon fiber cloth is cut according to the required width, and the reinforced carbon fiber cloth is impregnated with epoxy resin and then wound on the surface of the pipeline. There is a certain angle in the winding direction of each layer of fiber cloth, forming multiple reinforced fiber layer crack stoppers 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipeline 7.

[0095] Embodiment five:

[0096] This embodiment is described by taking the rapid detection of a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline leakage accident as an example.

[0097] This device can quickly detect leakage accidents in hydrogen pipelines.

[0098] In this embodiment, the hydrogen pipeline installation protection device 100 mainly includes an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1, a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2, a protective shell 3, a flame retardant expansion core material 4, fixing bolts 6 and a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5.

[0099] For weak locations of the hydrogen pipeline 7 where internal cracks exist or there is a risk of cracking, a static conductive anti-corrosion coating is uniformly prepared on the surface of the pipeline 7 to form a static conductive anti-corrosion layer 1.

[0100] Then, the fiber cloth is cut according to the required width, impregnated with epoxy resin, and then wound on the surface of the pipe 7 in multiple layers, with each layer of fiber cloth being wound at an angle of 15° to 45°, to form a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipe, thereby increasing the fracture resistance and crack expansion resistance of the pipe 7. When cracks occur in the pipe 7, the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 can absorb the fracture energy to a certain extent, prevent and delay the fracture, and stop the fracture expansion.

[0101] The inner side of the protective shell 3 is filled with the flame-retardant expanded core material 4, and the protective shell 3 filled with the flame-retardant expanded core material 4 is sleeved on the outer surface of the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2, and then the protective shell 3 is fixed with fixing bolts.

[0102] Finally, a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing material is sprayed on the outer surface of the protective shell 3 to form a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 to achieve rapid detection of hydrogen leakage.

[0103] In this embodiment, when hydrogen leakage occurs at the location of the device, the hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 on the outer surface of the metal protective shell 3 of the device will respond quickly within 1 second, changing color from white to blue, so that it can be used to detect hydrogen leakage in weak links of hydrogen pipelines. When a trace amount of hydrogen leakage occurs, it can be detected and reminded, and if corresponding measures can be taken in time, accidents can be avoided.

[0104] The device can also use the hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 alone to quickly detect hydrogen pipeline leakage. The hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 can be directly sprayed on the pipeline surface.

[0105] Embodiment six:

[0106] This embodiment does not use the reinforced fiber layer crack arrester 2, and only uses the metal protective shell 3 filled with the flame-retardant expanded core material 4 to illustrate the fire-retardant effect of the hydrogen pipeline 7 leaking and spontaneously combusting.

[0107] The device can use the metal protective shell 3 alone to prevent the hydrogen pipeline from leaking and spontaneously igniting. The metal protective shell 3 is filled with a flame retardant expansion core material 4, and the inner side of the flame retardant expansion core material 4 is in contact with the pipeline 7.

[0108] In this embodiment, the installation method of the metal protective shell 3 is the same as that of the above embodiment. Without installing the reinforced fiber belt crack arrester 2, the metal protective shell 3 filled with the flame-retardant expansion core material 4 can be used alone to prevent the jet fire formed by the leakage of the weld and other weak links of the hydrogen pipeline 7, thereby preventing the flame from burning, reducing the flame length, and preventing the jet fire from harming personnel and equipment.

[0109] Embodiment seven:

[0110] This embodiment does not use the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2, and only uses the fire-retardant metal sleeve to illustrate the fire-retardant effect of the hydrogen pipeline 7 leaking and spontaneously combusting.

[0111] The present invention can use a fire-retardant metal sleeve alone to prevent the leakage and spontaneous combustion of the hydrogen pipeline 7. The fire-retardant metal sleeve is made of a material such as foamed metal or sintered metal that can prevent the jet flame generated by the leakage and spontaneous combustion through the cold wall effect and the vessel wall effect.

[0112] In this embodiment, the shape of the fire-retardant metal sleeve is similar to the structure of the protective shell 3 in the above embodiment, except that the fire-retardant metal sleeve does not have a mounting groove for filling the flame-retardant expandable core material 4.

[0113] Without installing the reinforced fiber belt crack arrester 2, the fire-retardant metal sleeve can be used alone to prevent the jet fire formed by leakage of the welds and other weak links of the hydrogen pipeline 7, thereby preventing the flame from burning, reducing the flame length, and preventing the jet fire from harming personnel and equipment.

[0114] Embodiment eight:

[0115] This embodiment is described by taking the fire prevention and online monitoring alarm of a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline leakage accident as an example.

[0116] In this embodiment, the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device 100 includes an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer 1, a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2, a protective shell 3, a flame retardant expansion core material 4, a fixing bolt 6, a thermocouple 8 and a hydrogen sensor 9.

[0117] This device can be used for fire prevention and online monitoring and alarm of hydrogen pipeline leakage accidents. For hydrogen pipelines with internal cracks or weak parts with the risk of cracking, a dense electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion coating is first prepared on the surface, and then the reinforced carbon fiber cloth is cut according to the required width, and the reinforced carbon fiber cloth is impregnated with epoxy resin and wrapped on the surface of the pipeline. There is a certain angle in the winding direction of each layer of fiber cloth, forming a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipeline. The outer surface of the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 is covered with a metal protective shell 3, and the interior of the metal protective shell 3 is filled with a flame-retardant expansion core material 4. The upper and lower parts of the metal protective shell 3 are fastened by fixing bolts 6.

[0118] Thermocouples 8 are evenly arranged inside the flame-retardant expansion core material 4, and hydrogen sensors 9 are evenly arranged at the position where the outer surface of the reinforced fiber layer crack arrester 2 contacts the flame-retardant expansion core material 4. Thermocouples 8 are used to determine whether hydrogen self-ignition occurs, and can monitor and alarm the temperature inside the metal protective shell 3 in real time. Hydrogen sensor 9 is used to determine whether hydrogen leakage occurs, and can monitor and alarm the hydrogen concentration on the surface of the reinforced fiber layer crack arrester 2 in real time. A signal processor needs to be configured externally to analyze the signal acquisition results of thermocouples 8 and hydrogen sensor 9.

[0119] In this embodiment, the specific installation process of the hydrogen pipeline safety protection device 100 is as follows.

[0120] For weak locations of the hydrogen pipeline 7 where internal cracks exist or there is a risk of cracking, a static conductive anti-corrosion coating is uniformly prepared on the surface of the pipeline 7 to form a static conductive anti-corrosion layer 1.

[0121] Then, the fiber cloth is cut according to the required width, impregnated with epoxy resin, and then wound on the surface of the pipe 7 in multiple layers, with each layer of fiber cloth being wound at an angle of 15° to 45°, to form a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipe, thereby increasing the fracture resistance and crack expansion resistance of the pipe 7. When cracks occur in the pipe 7, the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 can absorb the fracture energy to a certain extent, prevent and delay the fracture, and stop the fracture expansion.

[0122] The flame retardant expanded core material 4 is filled inside the protective shell 3 , and at the same time, the thermocouple 8 is filled inside the flame retardant expanded core material 4 , and the hydrogen sensor 9 is arranged on the inner side of the flame retardant expanded core material 4 .

[0123] The thermocouple 8 and the hydrogen sensor 9 are electrically connected to an external signal processor.

[0124] The protective shell 3 filled with the flame-retardant expansion core material 4 is sleeved on the outer surface of the reinforced fiber layer crack arrester 2, and then the protective shell 3 is fixed with fixing bolts. Finally, the hydrogen-sensitive color-changing material is sprayed on the outer surface of the protective shell 3 to form a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 to achieve rapid detection of hydrogen leakage.

[0125] The signal processor analyzes the signal acquisition results of the thermocouple 8 and the hydrogen sensor 9, and can determine the following accident states of the hydrogen pipeline:

[0126] The signal of hydrogen sensor 9 is normal, and the signal of thermocouple 8 is normal, so it is determined that no accident has occurred;

[0127] The hydrogen sensor 9 alarms, and the thermocouple 8 signal is normal, so it is determined that leakage has occurred but no spontaneous combustion has occurred;

[0128] The hydrogen sensor 9 and the thermocouple 8 sound an alarm, and it is determined that a leak has occurred and spontaneous combustion has occurred.

[0129] Embodiment nine:

[0130] This embodiment is described by taking the in-service repair of the hydrogen pipeline 7 as an example.

[0131] The invention can be used for in-service repair of the hydrogen pipeline 7, and has the characteristics of no interruption of transmission, no pressure reduction, no fire, and is simple and fast.

[0132] For the weak links of the pipeline 7 that need local reinforcement (such as corrosion pits or mechanical damage locations), it is necessary to clean them first to remove corrosion products and other pollutants, and fill the defects with filling materials, such as epoxy mortar, for example. Figure 6 shown.

[0133] After the filling material dries, a static conductive anti-corrosion coating is prepared on the surface of the pipeline, and then the reinforced carbon fiber cloth is cut according to the required width, impregnated with epoxy resin and wrapped on the surface of the pipeline. Each layer of fiber cloth has a certain angle in the winding direction to improve the ability of the damaged pipeline to bear bending, compression, tension and torsion loads. The outer surface of the reinforced fiber layer is covered with a metal shell to prevent the external environment from damaging the reinforced carbon fiber layer and the pipeline 7 body.

[0134] Specifically, for the parts of the hydrogen pipeline 7 that are corroded or mechanically damaged to form pits, firstly, the dirt on the outside of the pipeline 7 is cleaned by a brush or other tools to remove corrosion products or other pollutants.

[0135] The holes were then filled with epoxy mortar.

[0136] After the epoxy mortar becomes dry and solidified, a static conductive anti-corrosion coating is evenly prepared on the surface of the pipeline 7 to form a static conductive anti-corrosion layer 1.

[0137] Then, the fiber cloth is cut according to the required width, impregnated with epoxy resin, and then wound on the surface of the pipe 7 in multiple layers, with each layer of fiber cloth being wound at an angle of 15° to 45°, to form a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 that can effectively prevent the expansion of various cracks in the pipe, thereby increasing the fracture resistance and crack expansion resistance of the pipe 7. When cracks occur in the pipe 7, the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2 can absorb the fracture energy to a certain extent, prevent and delay the fracture, and stop the fracture expansion.

[0138] The inner side of the protective shell 3 is filled with a flame-retardant expansion core material 4, and the protective shell 3 filled with the flame-retardant expansion core material 4 is sleeved on the outer surface of the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper 2, and then the protective shell 3 is fixed with fixing bolts. Finally, a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing material is sprayed on the outer surface of the protective shell 3 to form a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating 5 to achieve rapid detection of hydrogen leakage.

[0139] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0140] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0141] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0142] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for a person skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen pipeline safety protection device, characterized in that: It comprises an electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer (1) arranged on the outside of a pipeline (7), and a fire-blocking component (30) arranged on the outside of the electrostatic conductive anti-corrosion layer (1), wherein the fire-blocking component (30) is configured to prevent the spread of flames.

2. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire-blocking assembly (30) comprises a fire-blocking metal sleeve, which is configured to prevent flame propagation through a cold wall effect or a vessel wall effect.

3. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire-retardant assembly (30) comprises a protective shell (3) and a flame-retardant expansion core material (4); the flame-retardant expansion core material (4) is arranged on the inner side of the protective shell (3); and the flame-retardant expansion core material (4) is configured to expand when exposed to fire.

4. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An installation groove is provided on the inner side of the protective shell (3), and the flame-retardant expansion core material (4) is arranged in the installation groove.

5. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The flame retardant expansion core material (4) comprises low-density polyethylene, lignin, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate and a foaming agent.

6. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to melamine cyanurate in the flame-retardant expandable core material (4) is 7:5 to 7:

8.

7. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The electrostatically conductive anticorrosive layer (1) comprises epoxy resin, water-based amine adduct, conductive mica powder, corrosion-resistant pigment and filler, and modified amine curing agent.

8. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device further comprises a reinforced fiber layer crack stopper (2), wherein the reinforced fiber layer crack stopper (2) is arranged between the static conductive anti-corrosion layer (1) and the fire-blocking component (30).

9. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reinforced fiber layer crack stopper (2) comprises multiple layers of fiber cloth, and the fiber cloth is made of reinforced carbon fiber material.

10. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The winding direction angle of two adjacent layers of the fiber cloth is in the range of 15° to 45°.

11. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reinforced fiber layer crack stoppers (2) are distributed in an axial direction of the pipe (7) at intervals.

12. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device further comprises a hydrogen-sensitive color-changing coating (5) arranged on the outside of the fire-blocking component (30).

13. The hydrogen pipeline safety protection device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: A thermocouple (8) is arranged inside the flame-retardant expandable core material (4), and a hydrogen sensor (9) is arranged on the inner side of the flame-retardant expandable core material (4).

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