Active ventilation and exhaust system for underground powerhouse in construction period

Abstract

The invention provides an active ventilation and exhaust system for an underground powerhouse in a construction period, which relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction and comprises an air supply mechanism, a wind power acceleration mechanism and an air draft mechanism. The air supply mechanism is used for conveying air to a construction area, the wind power acceleration mechanism increases the airflow velocity, and the air draft mechanism exhausts contaminated air. The system is provided with the first air exhaust channel, the second air exhaust channel and the combined air exhaust channel, efficient air exhaust is achieved, the temporary air exhaust channel is connected with the ventilation inclined shaft, and the ventilation range is expanded. A separation shielding mechanism is further included, a shielding assembly forms an inclined flow guide face under the action of wind power and shields the maintenance hole, the ventilation efficiency is improved, and construction dust hazards are reduced. The system optimizes the ventilation path, improves the air flowing efficiency, improves the working environment and ensures the construction safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, and in particular to an active ventilation and exhaust system during the construction period of an underground plant. Background Art

[0002] The ventilation system of an underground plant is an important facility to ensure construction safety and working environment. It is usually divided into a permanent ventilation system and a construction ventilation system. The permanent ventilation system is generally gradually formed in the middle and late stages of underground plant excavation, and is mainly used for long-term ventilation needs after the plant is built; while the construction ventilation system mainly relies on axial flow fans to force air into the cave to improve the cave working environment during the excavation process. However, in the early stages of underground cave excavation, especially during the upper excavation and support of large underground caverns such as underground plants and main transformer rooms, the working environment in the cave is often extremely harsh. The traditional axial flow fan forced air supply method has many limitations and is difficult to meet actual construction needs.

[0003] Specifically, due to the low air supply efficiency of the axial flow fan, the air circulation speed in the cavern is slow, which significantly prolongs the ventilation time and seriously affects the construction progress; at the same time, the air supply range of the axial flow fan is limited, and it is difficult to cover the entire cavern space, especially the area far away from the fan has poor ventilation effect, resulting in uneven distribution of air quality in the cavern; in addition, due to the unsatisfactory ventilation effect, the dust generated during the excavation process cannot be discharged in time, the smoke dispersion time is prolonged, the visibility in the cavern is reduced, and the dust concentration is increased, which not only reduces the construction efficiency, but also poses a threat to the health and safety of the workers.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the prior art has not yet provided a solution that can effectively improve the ventilation conditions in the early stage of underground cavern excavation. Therefore, how to make full use of the layout characteristics of underground caverns to form effective ventilation circulation conditions in advance in the early stage of excavation, thereby significantly improving the working environment during the construction period of underground caverns, has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention discloses an active ventilation and exhaust system for an underground workshop during construction, so as to solve the technical problem of unsatisfactory ventilation effect in the related art.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An active ventilation and exhaust system for an underground plant during construction period, comprising: an underground plant and a main transformer room, one end of the underground plant is connected to a first exhaust passage, one end of the main transformer room is connected to a second exhaust passage, and the first exhaust passage is connected to the outside at an end away from the underground plant; a combined exhaust passage is arranged on one side of the underground plant and the main transformer room, and is connected to both the first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage; a temporary exhaust passage is arranged above the underground plant and the main transformer room, and the temporary exhaust passage is connected to the underground plant through a ventilation inclined shaft. The combined exhaust channel is connected; an air supply mechanism is installed at the connection between the combined exhaust channel and the ventilation inclined shaft, for generating suction acting on the combined exhaust channel and adsorbing it into the ventilation inclined shaft; a wind acceleration mechanism is installed at the connection between the temporary exhaust channel and the ventilation inclined shaft, for generating suction acting on the ventilation inclined shaft and adsorbing it into the temporary exhaust channel; an air exhaust mechanism is installed at one end of the temporary exhaust channel away from the ventilation inclined shaft, for generating suction acting on the temporary exhaust channel and adsorbing it to the outside.

[0007] Preferably, the air supply mechanism includes an axial flow fan, which is arranged at one end of the combined exhaust channel close to the ventilation inclined shaft, with the air suction port of the axial flow fan facing the combined exhaust channel and the air outlet facing the ventilation inclined shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the wind acceleration mechanism comprises a jet fan, which is arranged at one end of the temporary exhaust passage close to the ventilation inclined shaft, and the air intake of the jet fan faces the ventilation inclined shaft, and the air outlet faces the temporary exhaust passage.

[0009] Preferably, the exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust fan, the suction side of the exhaust fan faces the temporary exhaust passage, and the exhaust side faces away from the temporary exhaust passage.

[0010] Preferably, an inspection hole for workers to pass through is provided in the temporary exhaust passage below the jet fan, and the inspection hole is separated from the jet fan by a first floor slab.

[0011] Preferably, a through opening is provided in the temporary exhaust passage below the exhaust fan, and the through opening is separated from the exhaust fan by a second floor.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a cross tunnel, which intersects with the temporary exhaust passage, and the intersection of the cross tunnel and the temporary exhaust passage has a top air outlet and a bottom opening, and the top air outlet and the bottom opening are separated by a third floor.

[0013] Preferably, a separation and shielding mechanism is further included, wherein the separation and shielding mechanism includes an opening and closing component and a shielding component, wherein the opening and closing component is arranged at the axial flow fan, the shielding component is arranged at the first floor slab, and the opening and closing component is electrically connected to the shielding component, and the shielding component has a switchable first state and a second state under the action of the opening and closing component, wherein, after the axial flow fan is started, the opening and closing component is affected by the wind force generated by the axial flow fan and automatically drives the shielding component to be in the second state, so that the shielding component forms an inclined guide surface toward the jet fan on the wind moving path, and at the same time, the shielding component shields the inspection opening on the wind moving path; after the axial flow fan is turned off, the opening and closing component is no longer affected by the wind force generated by the axial flow fan and drives the shielding component to automatically reset to the first state, so that the shielding component no longer forms an inclined guide surface toward the jet fan and no longer shields the inspection opening.

[0014] Preferably, the opening and closing assembly includes a battery, a first conductive sheet, a torsion spring and a second conductive sheet; a bending guide tube is connected to the air outlet of the axial flow fan, an end of the bending guide tube away from the axial flow fan faces the ventilation inclined shaft, and the battery is installed on the axial flow fan; the first conductive sheet is hinged on the inner wall of the end of the bending guide tube away from the axial flow fan, the torsion spring is arranged at the hinge between the first conductive sheet and the bending guide tube, and the torsion spring drives the first conductive sheet to tilt toward the end of the tube close to the bending guide tube in a natural state, and the first conductive sheet is electrically connected to the shielding assembly; The second conductive sheet is arranged on the outer wall of the pipe opening at one end of the bending guide tube away from the axial flow fan, and the second conductive sheet is electrically connected to the battery, wherein, after the axial flow fan is started, the wind force generated in the bending guide tube drives the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet to fit together, so that the battery is electrically connected to the shielding assembly, thereby driving the shielding assembly to switch from the first state to the second state; after the axial flow fan is turned off, the first conductive sheet moves away from the second conductive sheet under the torsion force of the torsion spring, so that the battery is disconnected from the shielding assembly, thereby driving the shielding assembly to automatically switch from the second state to the first state.

[0015] Preferably, the shielding assembly includes a shielding plate, a reset electric cylinder and a pushing rod, one end of the shielding plate is hingedly arranged at one end of the first floor plate, and when the shielding plate is in a natural state, the shielding plate is in an inclined state and partially blocks the front of the inspection opening; the reset electric cylinder is installed on the bottom wall of the first floor plate and is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet, the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder extends horizontally to the side away from the shielding plate, a connecting rod is vertically arranged at the end of the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder, the pushing rod is vertically arranged at the end of the connecting rod away from the reset electric cylinder, and the pushing rod is connected to the activity of the reset electric cylinder The plug rod is parallel to each other, wherein, after the first conductive sheet is separated from the second conductive sheet, the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder automatically retracts when the power is off, thereby driving the push rod to contact the plate surface of the baffle plate in an inclined state until the baffle plate is contacted to a horizontal state, at which time the shielding assembly is in the first state; after the first conductive sheet is fitted with the second conductive sheet, the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder automatically extends after power is turned on, thereby driving the push rod to gradually move away from the baffle plate in the horizontal direction, so that the baffle plate blocks the front part of the inspection opening under the action of gravity, at which time the shielding assembly is in the second state.

[0016] The technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: The present application provides an active ventilation and exhaust system for an underground factory building during the construction period. In view of the problems of low ventilation efficiency, small coverage, poor smoke dispersion effect, etc. in the initial stage of underground cavern excavation caused by the traditional axial flow fan forced air supply method, it is proposed to significantly improve the ventilation efficiency, shorten the ventilation time, and create a safer and healthier working environment by optimizing the air duct structure and introducing an intelligent control mechanism.

[0017] First, the system forms an efficient exhaust network by setting up the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel in the underground plant and the main transformer room respectively, and integrating the exhaust path through the joint exhaust channel. By setting up the connection between the temporary exhaust channel and the ventilation inclined shaft, the ventilation range is expanded, the air circulation is more uniform, and the ventilation effect of the entire cavern space is ensured. In addition, the coordinated work of the air supply mechanism, the wind acceleration mechanism and the exhaust mechanism further increases the air flow speed, ensures that the dirty air can be quickly discharged, shortens the smoke dispersion time, significantly improves the visibility in the cavern and reduces the concentration of harmful gases, creating a safer working environment for construction personnel.

[0018] Secondly, this system uses an innovative design of a partition shielding mechanism and an electric control method for the opening and closing components and the shielding components to achieve automatic adjustment of the shielding plate. Driven by the wind of the axial flow fan, the shielding component can intelligently switch to the second state, forming an inclined guide surface facing the jet fan, effectively guiding the wind flow and shielding the maintenance opening. This design improves the automation and response speed of the system, reduces the need for human intervention, and ensures construction safety. At the same time, when the axial flow fan is turned off, the shielding component can automatically reset to the first state, restore normal ventilation state, and ensure stable operation of the system.

[0019] Furthermore, the reset electric cylinder and push rod design make the control of the shielding assembly more accurate and stable, ensuring the precise adjustment of the shielding plate under different working conditions, thereby optimizing the ventilation path and improving ventilation efficiency. This design can realize intelligent control, reduce the risk of manual operation, and improve the reliability and safety of the system.

[0020] In general, this system integrates efficient exhaust structure, intelligent control mechanism and precise shielding component adjustment, which not only significantly improves the ventilation efficiency during the construction period of underground powerhouse, shortens the ventilation time, expands the ventilation range, but also effectively removes harmful gases and dust, improves the construction environment, and ensures the health and safety of workers. In addition, the design of the system makes full use of the spatial layout of the underground cavern, maximizes the utilization efficiency of ventilation resources, reduces energy consumption, and provides an advanced and reliable technical solution for efficient operation during the construction period of underground powerhouse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial arrangement of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial arrangement of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 It is a plan view schematic diagram for showing a wind acceleration mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a plan view schematic diagram for showing the exhaust mechanism of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the present application for showing the intersection of a cross tunnel and a temporary exhaust passage; Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the intersection of the central ventilation inclined shaft and the joint exhaust channel; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial state of the opening and closing component when the shielding component is in the first state according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a partial schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application for showing a shielding component in a first state; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial state of the opening and closing component when the shielding component is in the second state according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.10 is a partial schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application for showing that the shielding component is in the second state; Fig.11 It is a partial structural schematic diagram for displaying a shielding component according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] In the figure: 100, underground plant; 110, first exhaust duct; 200, main transformer room; 210, second exhaust duct; 300, joint exhaust duct; 310, ventilation shaft; 400, temporary exhaust duct; 410, inspection hole; 420, first floor; 430, through hole; 440, second floor; 500, air supply mechanism; 510, axial flow fan; 511, bending guide pipe; 600, wind acceleration mechanism; 610, jet wind machine; 700, exhaust mechanism; 710, exhaust fan; 800, cross tunnel; 810, top air outlet; 820, bottom opening; 830, third floor; 900, partition shielding mechanism; 910, opening and closing assembly; 911, battery; 912, first conductive sheet; 913, torsion spring; 914, second conductive sheet; 920, shielding assembly; 921, shielding plate; 922, reset electric cylinder; 923, push rod; 924, connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0026] The ventilation system of underground powerhouses is usually divided into permanent ventilation and exhaust systems and construction ventilation systems. The permanent ventilation and exhaust system is generally formed in the middle and late stages of underground powerhouse excavation, while the construction ventilation system mainly relies on axial flow fans to force air into the cave to improve the working environment of the underground cavern. However, in the early stages of underground cavern excavation, especially during the upper excavation and support of large underground caverns such as underground powerhouses and main transformer rooms, the working environment in the cavern is extremely harsh. Relying solely on axial flow fans for forced air supply cannot fundamentally solve the problem, and there are the following disadvantages: 1. Long ventilation time: The air supply efficiency of axial flow fans is limited, resulting in prolonged ventilation time and affecting the construction progress. 2. Small impact range: The air supply range of axial flow fans is limited and cannot cover the entire cavern, resulting in poor ventilation effect in some areas. 3. Long smoke dispersion time: Due to the unsatisfactory ventilation effect, the dust in the cavern is difficult to be discharged quickly, which prolongs the smoke dispersion time and further deteriorates the working environment.

[0027] In the actual construction process, it was found that relying solely on axial flow fans for forced air supply could not meet the ventilation needs in the early stage of underground cavern excavation. Especially during the upper excavation and support of large underground caverns, the working environment in the cave was extremely harsh and the ventilation effect was poor, which seriously affected the construction progress and the health and safety of the workers. Through comparative analysis, it was found that the existing technology had problems such as long ventilation time, small impact range, and long smoke dispersion time, and a more effective ventilation solution was urgently needed.

[0028] Based on this, the present application provides an active ventilation and exhaust system for underground factory buildings during construction.

[0029] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 11 , an active ventilation and exhaust system for underground factory building construction provided by the present application is described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0030] An active ventilation system for underground workshops during construction period, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2The system includes an underground factory building 100, a main transformer room 200, a joint exhaust passage 300, a temporary exhaust passage 400, an air supply mechanism 500, a wind acceleration mechanism 600 and an exhaust mechanism 700; illustratively, one end of the underground factory building 100 is connected to a first exhaust passage 110, one end of the main transformer room 200 is connected to a second exhaust passage 210, and the first exhaust passage 110 is connected to the outside at one end away from the underground factory building 100.

[0031] Exemplarily, the combined exhaust passage 300 is arranged on one side of the underground plant 100 and the main transformer room 200, and is connected to both the first exhaust passage 110 and the second exhaust passage 210; further, the temporary exhaust passage 400 is arranged above the underground plant 100 and the main transformer room 200, and the temporary exhaust passage 400 is connected to the combined exhaust passage 300 through the ventilation inclined shaft 310; Exemplarily, the air supply mechanism 500 is installed at the connection point between the combined exhaust passage 300 and the ventilation inclined shaft 310, and is used to generate suction acting on the combined exhaust passage 300 and be adsorbed into the ventilation inclined shaft 310; the wind acceleration mechanism 600 is installed at the connection point between the temporary exhaust passage 400 and the ventilation inclined shaft 310, and is used to generate suction acting on the ventilation inclined shaft 310 and be adsorbed into the temporary exhaust passage 400; the exhaust mechanism 700 is installed at one end of the temporary exhaust passage 400 away from the ventilation inclined shaft 310, and is used to generate suction acting on the temporary exhaust passage 400 and be adsorbed to the outside.

[0032] On this basis, by respectively setting the first exhaust duct 110 and the second exhaust duct 210 at one end of the underground factory building 100 and the main transformer room 200, and setting a combined exhaust duct 300 on one side thereof, the exhaust paths of the underground factory building 100 and the main transformer room 200 are integrated to form an efficient exhaust network; at the same time, by setting a temporary exhaust duct 400 above the underground factory building 100 and the main transformer room 200, and using the ventilation inclined shaft 310 to connect the temporary exhaust duct 400 with the combined exhaust duct 300, the ventilation coverage is further expanded to ensure more uniform air circulation in various areas of the cavern. The air supply mechanism 500 is installed at the connection point between the combined exhaust passage 300 and the ventilation inclined shaft 310, and can generate strong suction to quickly absorb the polluted air in the cave into the ventilation inclined shaft 310, significantly shortening the ventilation time; the wind acceleration mechanism 600 is installed at the connection point between the temporary exhaust passage 400 and the ventilation inclined shaft 310, further enhancing the air flow speed in the ventilation inclined shaft 310, ensuring that the polluted air can be quickly discharged; the exhaust mechanism 700 is installed at one end of the temporary exhaust passage 400 away from the ventilation inclined shaft 310, and by generating additional suction, the air in the temporary exhaust passage 400 is quickly absorbed to the outside, further improving the exhaust efficiency.

[0033] Through the synergistic effect of the above technical features, the system can not only significantly shorten the ventilation time and improve the ventilation efficiency, but also expand the ventilation coverage to ensure that the air quality of each area in the cavern is effectively improved; at the same time, due to the significant improvement in ventilation effect, the dust, smoke and harmful gases generated during the excavation process can be quickly discharged, the smoke dispersion time is greatly shortened, the visibility in the cavern is significantly improved, and the concentration of harmful gases is significantly reduced, thus creating a safer and healthier working environment for construction personnel. In addition, the structural design of the system makes full use of the layout characteristics of the underground cavern. By integrating the exhaust path and adding a temporary exhaust channel 400, the efficient use of ventilation resources is achieved, the construction cost is reduced, and an efficient and reliable technical solution is provided for the ventilation needs of the underground plant 100 during the construction period.

[0034] In some embodiments, Figure 2~Figure 6 As shown, the air supply mechanism 500 includes an axial flow fan 510, which is arranged at one end of the combined exhaust passage 300 close to the ventilation inclined shaft 310, and the air suction port of the axial flow fan 510 faces the combined exhaust passage 300, and the air outlet faces the ventilation inclined shaft 310. Exemplarily, the wind acceleration mechanism 600 includes a jet fan 610, which is arranged at one end of the temporary exhaust passage 400 close to the ventilation inclined shaft 310, and the air suction port of the jet fan 610 faces the ventilation inclined shaft 310, and the air outlet faces the temporary exhaust passage 400. Exemplarily, the air extraction mechanism 700 includes an exhaust fan 710, and the air suction side of the exhaust fan 710 faces the temporary exhaust passage 400, and the exhaust side faces away from the temporary exhaust passage 400.

[0035] After such arrangement, by specifically specifying the connection positions of the combined exhaust passage 300 with the air supply mechanism 500, the wind acceleration mechanism 600 and the exhaust mechanism 700, the smoothness and synergy of the exhaust path are ensured, thereby enhancing the air flow efficiency and shortening the ventilation time. At the same time, the position of the wind acceleration mechanism 600 is set so that it can further accelerate the air flow at the junction of the temporary exhaust passage 400 and the ventilation inclined shaft 310, improve the suction and exhaust effect of the overall ventilation system, and ensure the ventilation uniformity of each area. Further, by clarifying the installation position of the exhaust mechanism 700, the air suction capacity of the ventilation system is ensured, especially the exhaust efficiency of the temporary exhaust passage 400 is enhanced, the emission of harmful gases and dust is further accelerated, and the air quality of the construction site is significantly improved. The combination of these technical features not only improves the ventilation efficiency and shortens the operation time, but also significantly improves the safety and health protection of the construction personnel, providing an efficient and safe ventilation solution for the construction period.

[0036] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A maintenance hole 410 for workers to pass through is provided in the temporary exhaust passage 400 below the jet fan 610, and the maintenance hole 410 is separated from the jet fan 610 by a first floor 420. Exemplarily, a through hole 430 is provided in the temporary exhaust passage 400 below the exhaust fan 710, and the through hole 430 is separated from the exhaust fan 710 by a second floor 440.

[0037] Exemplary, combined Figure 1 , Figure 5 The active ventilation and exhaust system for the underground factory building during construction period of the present application also includes a cross tunnel 800, which intersects with the temporary exhaust passage 400, and the intersection of the cross tunnel 800 and the temporary exhaust passage 400 has a top air outlet 810 and a bottom opening 820, and the top air outlet 810 and the bottom opening 820 are separated by a third floor slab 830.

[0038] In this way, by setting up an inspection hole 410 in the temporary exhaust duct 400, a convenient inspection passage is provided for workers, making the maintenance and inspection of the jet fan 610 more convenient, and the separation design of the first floor 420 ensures the safe isolation between the fan and the inspection hole 410, avoiding interference with workers when the fan is running. Similarly, by setting up a through port 430 in the temporary exhaust duct 400 and separating it from the exhaust fan 710 by the second floor 440, the safety of workers when inspecting or maintaining the exhaust fan 710 is ensured, while avoiding direct contact between equipment and personnel. Furthermore, the design of the cross-tunnel 800 allows the intersection of the temporary exhaust duct 400 and the tunnel to circulate air through the top air vent 810 and the bottom through port 820, further improving the air flow efficiency and optimizing the ventilation range and effect. At the same time, the separation design of the third floor 830 ensures the isolation between the channels, improving safety and convenience of operation. Through the comprehensive application of these technical features, the overall system optimizes the ventilation process and improves ventilation efficiency during the construction period while ensuring the safety of construction workers.

[0039] In some embodiments, Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, the active ventilation and exhaust system for the underground factory building during construction period of the present application also includes a partition and shielding mechanism 900, which includes an opening and closing component 910 and a shielding component 920. The opening and closing component 910 is arranged at the axial flow fan 510, and the shielding component 920 is arranged at the first floor 420. The opening and closing component 910 is electrically connected to the shielding component 920. The shielding component 920 has a switchable first state and a second state under the action of the opening and closing component 910.

[0040] Exemplarily, after the axial flow fan 510 is started, the opening and closing assembly 910 is affected by the wind force generated by the axial flow fan 510 and automatically drives the shielding assembly 920 to be in the second state, so that the shielding assembly 920 forms an inclined guide surface toward the jet fan 610 on the wind movement path, and at the same time, the shielding assembly 920 shields the inspection opening 410 on the wind movement path.

[0041] Exemplarily, after the axial flow fan 510 is turned off, the opening and closing assembly 910 is no longer affected by the wind force generated by the axial flow fan 510 and drives the shielding assembly 920 to automatically reset to the first state, so that the shielding assembly 920 no longer forms an inclined guide surface toward the jet fan 610 and no longer blocks the inspection opening 410.

[0042] After being set up in this way, the separation shielding mechanism 900 includes an opening and closing component 910 and a shielding component 920, wherein the opening and closing component 910 is located at the axial flow fan 510, and the shielding component 920 is located at the first floor 420, and the two are electrically connected to achieve collaborative work. The core technical effect of this mechanism is to optimize the air flow path through the adjustable state of the shielding component 920. After the axial flow fan 510 is started, under the influence of wind force, the opening and closing component 910 automatically drives the shielding component 920 to enter the second state, so that the shielding component 920 forms an inclined guide surface facing the jet fan 610, which can effectively guide the wind flow in the direction of the jet fan 610. At the same time, the shielding component 920 blocks the inspection opening 410 to prevent the wind flow from affecting the inspection opening 410 and ensure the safety of the operation. The effect of wind force enables the shielding component 920 to automatically adjust as needed to adapt to different wind flow paths, optimize the wind force distribution, and improve the ventilation efficiency. When the axial flow fan 510 is turned off, the opening and closing assembly 910 is freed from the influence of wind force and automatically resets the shielding assembly 920 to the first state, so that the shielding assembly 920 no longer forms a guide surface and no longer shields the inspection opening 410, thereby restoring the original state. This dynamic shielding control mechanism not only improves the safety and operational convenience of the system, but also adjusts the wind flow direction according to different working conditions, optimizes the ventilation effect, improves the safety and operating efficiency of the underground construction environment, provides safer working conditions for construction personnel, and reduces the interference of wind flow on equipment, ensuring the efficient operation of the system.

[0043] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Fig. 9The opening and closing assembly 910 includes a battery 911, a first conductive sheet 912, a torsion spring 913 and a second conductive sheet 914. The air outlet of the axial flow fan 510 is connected with a bending guide tube 511. The end of the bending guide tube 511 away from the axial flow fan 510 faces the ventilation inclined shaft 310. The battery 911 is installed on the axial flow fan 510. Exemplarily, the first conductive sheet 912 is hinged on the inner wall of the end of the bending guide tube 511 away from the axial flow fan 510. The torsion spring 913 is provided at the hinge of the first conductive sheet 912 and the bending guide tube 511. The torsion spring 913 drives the first conductive sheet 912 to tilt toward the end of the tube close to the bending guide tube 511 in a natural state, and the first conductive sheet 912 is electrically connected to the shielding assembly 920.

[0044] Exemplarily, the second conductive sheet 914 is disposed on the outer wall of the end of the bending guide tube 511 away from the axial flow fan 510, and the second conductive sheet 914 is electrically connected to the battery 911. Further, the second conductive sheet 914 is electrically connected to the battery 911 through a wire.

[0045] Exemplarily, after the axial flow fan 510 is started, the wind force generated in the bent guide tube 511 drives the first conductive sheet 912 to fit together with the second conductive sheet 914, so that the battery 911 is electrically connected to the shielding assembly 920, thereby driving the shielding assembly 920 to switch from the first state to the second state; after the axial flow fan 510 is turned off, the first conductive sheet 912 moves away from the second conductive sheet 914 under the action of the torsion force of the torsion spring 913, so that the battery 911 is disconnected from the shielding assembly 920, thereby driving the shielding assembly 920 to automatically switch from the second state to the first state.

[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 6 , Figure 8 as well as Fig.10 As shown, the shielding assembly 920 includes a shielding plate 921, a reset electric cylinder 922 and a push rod 923. One end of the shielding plate 921 is hinged to one end of the first floor slab 420. When the shielding plate 921 is in a natural state, the shielding plate 921 is in an inclined state and partially blocks the front of the inspection opening 410.

[0047] Exemplarily, the reset electric cylinder 922 is installed on the bottom wall of the first floor 420 and is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet 912. Specifically, the reset electric cylinder 922 is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet 912 through a long wire, and part of the long wire is fixed to the inner wall of the ventilation shaft 310 through a U-shaped fixing nail. Fig.11The piston rod of the reset electric cylinder 922 extends horizontally to the side away from the baffle plate 921, and a connecting rod 924 is vertically provided at the end of the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder 922. The push rod 923 is vertically provided at the end of the connecting rod 924 away from the reset electric cylinder 922, and the push rod 923 is parallel to the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder 922.

[0048] Exemplarily, after the first conductive sheet 912 is separated from the second conductive sheet 914, the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder 922 automatically retracts when the power is off, thereby driving the push rod 923 to contact the plate surface of the baffle plate 921 in a tilted state until the baffle plate 921 is contacted to a horizontal state, and the shielding assembly 920 is in the first state at this time; after the first conductive sheet 912 is fitted with the second conductive sheet 914, the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder 922 automatically extends after power is turned on, thereby driving the push rod 923 to gradually move away from the baffle plate 921 in the horizontal direction, so that the baffle plate 921 blocks the front part of the inspection opening 410 under the action of gravity, and the shielding assembly 920 is in the second state at this time.

[0049] On this basis, the battery 911 is electrically connected to the second conductive sheet 914. Under the drive of wind, the first conductive sheet 912 fits with the second conductive sheet 914, thereby completing the startup of the shielding assembly 920, and connecting the battery 911 to the shielding assembly 920 through electrical connection to realize the automatic switching process of electric drive. This design avoids human intervention, improves the automation and response speed of the system, can immediately optimize the air flow path when the axial flow fan 510 is started, and effectively shield the inspection hole 410 to ensure the safety of personnel. After the axial flow fan 510 is turned off, the first conductive sheet 912 is away from the second conductive sheet 914 under the action of the torsion spring 913, thereby cutting off the electrical connection, so that the shielding assembly 920 automatically resets to the first state and restores the normal ventilation state. This automated control method reduces errors and omissions in human operation and improves the reliability and safety of the system.

[0050] Furthermore, the present application adopts the design of the reset electric cylinder 922 and the push rod 923, so that the shielding assembly 920 can maintain stable operation under different working conditions. The reset electric cylinder 922 is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet 912, and the expansion and contraction of the piston rod is controlled by current to push the shielding plate 921 to complete the precise shielding or unshielding function. Specifically, when the first conductive sheet 912 is separated from the second conductive sheet 914, the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder 922 automatically retracts when the power is off, driving the push rod 923 to contact the shielding plate 921, so that the shielding plate 921 is pushed to a horizontal state by the push rod 923. At this time, the inspection hole 410 is not blocked, and the maintenance workers can freely enter and exit the inspection hole 410; and when the first conductive sheet 912 and the second conductive sheet 914 are in contact, the reset electric cylinder 922 automatically extends after power is turned on, and the push rod 923 moves away from the shielding plate 921 horizontally, so that the shielding plate 921 tilts under the action of gravity and blocks the inspection hole 410, while forming an effective wind flow guide to optimize the ventilation effect. This design achieves more accurate and stable shielding control, while ensuring the safety of equipment and the passage of personnel, optimizing the air flow path, improving ventilation efficiency, and shortening ventilation time. At the same time, the configuration of the reset electric cylinder 922 and the push rod 923 enables the shielding assembly 920 to automatically adjust under different working conditions, ensuring the stable operation and intelligent management of the system and reducing the need for manual operation.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0052] In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0053] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshops during construction, characterized in that: include: An underground factory building (100) and a main transformer room (200), wherein one end of the underground factory building (100) is connected to a first exhaust passage (110), one end of the main transformer room (200) is connected to a second exhaust passage (210), and one end of the first exhaust passage (110) away from the underground factory building (100) is connected to the outside; a combined exhaust passage (300), which is disposed on one side of the underground plant (100) and the main transformer room (200), and is in communication with both the first exhaust passage (110) and the second exhaust passage (210); A temporary exhaust passage (400) is provided above the underground plant (100) and the main transformer room (200), and the temporary exhaust passage (400) is connected to the combined exhaust passage (300) through a ventilation inclined shaft (310); An air supply mechanism (500) is installed at the connection point between the combined exhaust passage (300) and the ventilation inclined shaft (310), and is used to generate a suction force acting on the combined exhaust passage (300) and to be sucked into the ventilation inclined shaft (310); A wind acceleration mechanism (600) is installed at the connection point between the temporary exhaust passage (400) and the ventilation inclined shaft (310), and is used to generate a suction force acting on the ventilation inclined shaft (310) and to absorb the wind into the temporary exhaust passage (400); The air extraction mechanism (700) is installed at one end of the temporary exhaust passage (400) away from the ventilation inclined shaft (310), and is used to generate suction force acting on the temporary exhaust passage (400) and adsorb it to the outside.

2. The active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshop construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply mechanism (500) comprises an axial flow fan (510), the axial flow fan (510) being arranged at one end of the combined exhaust passage (300) close to the ventilation inclined shaft (310), the air intake of the axial flow fan (510) facing the combined exhaust passage (300), and the air outlet facing the ventilation inclined shaft (310).

3. The active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshop construction period according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The wind acceleration mechanism (600) comprises a jet fan (610), the jet fan (610) being arranged at one end of the temporary exhaust passage (400) close to the ventilation inclined shaft (310), and the air intake of the jet fan (610) is oriented toward the ventilation inclined shaft (310), and the air outlet is oriented toward the temporary exhaust passage (400).

4. The active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshop construction period according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air extraction mechanism (700) comprises an exhaust fan (710), wherein the air suction side of the exhaust fan (710) faces the temporary exhaust passage (400) and the air exhaust side faces away from the temporary exhaust passage (400).

5. The active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshop construction period according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An inspection hole (410) for workers to pass through is provided in the temporary exhaust passage (400) below the jet fan (610), and the inspection hole (410) is separated from the jet fan (610) by a first floor slab (420).

6. The active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshop construction period according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A through opening (430) is provided in the temporary exhaust passage (400) below the exhaust fan (710), and the through opening (430) and the exhaust fan (710) are separated by a second floor plate (440).

7. The active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshop construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cross tunnel (800), the cross tunnel (800) intersecting with the temporary exhaust passage (400), and the intersection of the cross tunnel (800) and the temporary exhaust passage (400) has a top air outlet (810) and a bottom opening (820), and the top air outlet (810) and the bottom opening (820) are separated by a third floor slab (830).

8. The active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshops during construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a partitioning and shielding mechanism (900), wherein the partitioning and shielding mechanism (900) comprises an opening and closing component (910) and a shielding component (920), wherein the opening and closing component (910) is arranged at the axial flow fan (510), and the shielding component (920) is arranged at the first floor plate (420), and the opening and closing component (910) is electrically connected to the shielding component (920), and the shielding component (920) has a switchable first state and a second state under the action of the opening and closing component (910), wherein: After the axial flow fan (510) is started, the opening and closing component (910) is automatically driven by the wind force generated by the axial flow fan (510) to be in the second state, so that the shielding component (920) forms an inclined guide surface facing the jet fan (610) on the wind moving path, and at the same time, the shielding component (920) shields the inspection opening (410) on the wind moving path; After the axial flow fan (510) is turned off, the opening and closing component (910) is no longer affected by the wind force generated by the axial flow fan (510) and drives the shielding component (920) to automatically reset to the first state, so that the shielding component (920) no longer forms an inclined guide surface toward the jet fan (610) and no longer shields the inspection opening (410).

9. The active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshop construction period according to claim 8, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly (910) comprises a storage battery (911), a first conductive sheet (912), a torsion spring (913), and a second conductive sheet (914); a bent guide tube (511) is provided in communication with the air outlet of the axial flow fan (510); an end of the bent guide tube (511) away from the axial flow fan (510) faces the ventilation inclined shaft (310); and the storage battery (911) is mounted on the axial flow fan (510); The first conductive sheet (912) is hingedly arranged on the inner wall of an end of the bending guide tube (511) away from the axial flow fan (510), the torsion spring (913) is arranged at a hinge between the first conductive sheet (912) and the bending guide tube (511), the torsion spring (913) drives the first conductive sheet (912) to tilt toward the end of the tube close to the bending guide tube (511) in a natural state, and the first conductive sheet (912) is electrically connected to the shielding assembly (920); The second conductive sheet (914) is arranged on the outer wall of an end of the bent guide tube (511) away from the axial flow fan (510), and the second conductive sheet (914) is electrically connected to the battery (911), wherein: After the axial flow fan (510) is started, the wind force generated in the bent guide tube (511) drives the first conductive sheet (912) and the second conductive sheet (914) to fit together, so that the storage battery (911) and the shielding component (920) are electrically connected, thereby driving the shielding component (920) to switch from the first state to the second state; After the axial flow fan (510) is turned off, the first conductive sheet (912) moves away from the second conductive sheet (914) under the torsion force of the torsion spring (913), so that the storage battery (911) is disconnected from the shielding assembly (920), thereby driving the shielding assembly (920) to automatically switch from the second state to the first state.

10. The active ventilation and exhaust system for underground workshop construction period according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shielding assembly (920) comprises a shielding plate (921), a reset electric cylinder (922) and a push rod (923); one end of the shielding plate (921) is hingedly connected to one end of the first floor slab (420); when the shielding plate (921) is in a natural state, the shielding plate (921) is in an inclined state and partially shields the front of the inspection opening (410); The reset electric cylinder (922) is installed on the bottom wall of the first floor plate (420) and is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet (912); the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder (922) extends horizontally to a side away from the baffle plate (921); a connecting rod (924) is vertically provided at the end of the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder (922); the push rod (923) is vertically provided at an end of the connecting rod (924) away from the reset electric cylinder (922); and the push rod (923) is parallel to the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder (922), wherein: After the first conductive sheet (912) and the second conductive sheet (914) are separated, the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder (922) automatically retracts when the power is off, thereby driving the push rod (923) to contact the plate surface of the shielding plate (921) in a tilted state until the shielding plate (921) is contacted to a horizontal state, at which time the shielding assembly (920) is in the first state; After the first conductive sheet (912) and the second conductive sheet (914) are fitted together, the piston rod of the reset electric cylinder (922) automatically extends after being energized, thereby driving the push rod (923) to gradually move away from the shielding plate (921) in the horizontal direction, so that the shielding plate (921) blocks the front part of the inspection opening (410) under the action of gravity. At this time, the shielding assembly (920) is in the second state.

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