Anti-impact structure for pipe head of solid medium heat exchange pipe of high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pipe head scour prevention, in particular to a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger solid medium heat exchange pipe head scour prevention structure which comprises a plurality of plugs, a heat exchanger body comprises a tank body, a first pipe box and a plurality of heat exchange pipe bodies, the heat exchange pipe bodies are fixedly installed in the tank body, and partition plates are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the first pipe box. The multiple plugs are symmetrically distributed at the top and the bottom of the partition plate, one end of each plug is matched with the heat exchange tube body in an inserted mode, and the heat exchange tube further comprises a pair of anti-scour barrels, an anti-scour wear-resisting assembly, a pressure stabilizing assembly and a quick release assembly. According to the anti-scour barrel, turbulent flow is avoided in the mode that the medium solution forms vortex in the anti-scour barrel, meanwhile, the internal pressure of the anti-scour barrel is adapted and stabilized in the mode that the heat exchange pipe body communicated with the anti-scour barrel is gradually increased along with the increase of the internal pressure of the anti-scour barrel, abrasion is reduced, and the service life of the pipe head is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tube head anti-impact, and in particular to an anti-impact structure for a tube head of a solid medium heat exchange tube of a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] High temperature and high pressure heat exchanger is an important heat energy conversion equipment in the modern industrial field. It is also one of the main equipment for improving energy utilization. It is widely used in petrochemical, coal chemical and other industries. Its working principle is to transfer part of the heat of hot fluid to cold fluid. It can transfer heat from higher temperature fluid to lower temperature fluid, so that the fluid temperature reaches the specified index of the process to meet the needs of process conditions. As the main working part of the heat exchanger, the heat exchange tube is mostly placed in the cylinder and used for heat exchange between two media. It has high thermal conductivity and good isothermal properties, can quickly transfer heat energy from one point to another, and can effectively reduce heat loss.

[0003] Heat exchangers containing solid media are affected by the flow of the medium under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and the heat exchange tube heads are prone to scouring damage, resulting in wear and fall of the tube heads, the tube heads exposed to the tube sheet of the heat pipe being ground flat, and the weld feet being polished. In addition, the high temperature and high pressure environment will also cause creep, fatigue and other damage to the tube head material. As a result, the pull-off force of the heat exchange tube decreases, causing the tube head to leak, seriously affecting the service life and safe operation of the heat exchanger. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study a solid medium heat exchange tube head anti-scouring structure suitable for high temperature and high pressure heat exchangers.

[0004] Most of the anti-impact structures for heat exchange tube heads in the prior art reduce the impact force caused by the fluid by setting a buffer mechanism, thereby reducing the wear of the tube head. However, in a high temperature and high pressure environment, the pressure of the fluid is relatively high when it enters the heat exchanger tank. Before entering the heat exchange tube, turbulence is easily formed in the tube box of the heat exchanger, resulting in confusion in the direction of the fluid, further increasing the wear on the tube head, and resulting in poor anti-impact and wear-resistant effects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-impact structure for a solid medium heat exchange tube head of a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger, which can change the flow direction of the fluid to prevent turbulence, stabilize the pressure in the heat exchanger, and extend the service life of the tube head.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: Provided is an anti-collision structure for a solid medium heat exchange tube head of a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger, comprising a plurality of plugs, a heat exchanger body comprising a tank body, a first tube box, and a plurality of heat exchange tube bodies, the heat exchange tube bodies being fixedly installed in the tank body, a partition being fixedly connected between the inner walls of the first tube box, a plurality of plugs being symmetrically distributed at the top and bottom of the partition, one end of the plug being plugged and matched with the heat exchange tube body, and also comprising a pair of anti-collision barrels, an anti-collision wear-resistant component, a pressure stabilizing component, and a quick-release component, the two anti-collision barrels being symmetrically distributed at the top and bottom of the partition and being fixedly connected thereto, the first tube box being installed at one end of the tank body through the quick-release component, the anti-collision wear-resistant component comprising a rotating shaft , a turbofan, a plurality of fan blades, a plurality of liquid inlet boxes, a liquid outlet box and a one-way valve, the rotating shaft passes through the partition and is rotatably connected thereto, the turbofan is coaxially connected to the top of the rotating shaft, the fan blades are coaxially connected to the periphery of the rotating shaft, the plurality of rotating shafts are respectively located in the two anti-impact barrels, the liquid inlet box and the liquid outlet box are both fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first pipe box, one end of the liquid inlet box is connected to one side of the anti-impact barrel at the top, the other side of the liquid inlet box is connected to the heat exchange tube body through a plug, one end of the liquid outlet box is connected to the anti-impact barrel at the bottom through a one-way valve, the other end of the liquid outlet box is connected to the heat exchange tube body through a plug, and a pressure stabilizing assembly is installed in the first pipe box, and the pressure stabilizing assembly is used to balance the hydraulic pressure in the anti-impact barrel.

[0007] Preferably, the anti-impact barrel is a hollow conical barrel structure, the top diameter of the anti-impact barrel is smaller than its bottom diameter, and the bottom diameter of the anti-impact barrel is smaller than its top diameter. The liquid inlet box and the liquid outlet box are both arranged horizontally, and the other ends of the multiple plugs are respectively threadedly connected to the liquid inlet box and the liquid outlet box.

[0008] Preferably, the heat exchanger body also includes a second pipe box, a pair of tube sheets, a plurality of baffles, a liquid inlet cylinder and a liquid discharge cylinder. The second pipe box is fixedly connected to the other end of the tank body, the peripheries of the two tube sheets are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two ends of the tank body, the two ends of the heat exchange tube body respectively pass through the two tube sheets and are fixedly connected thereto, the bottom of the liquid inlet cylinder is connected to the top of one end of the tank body, the top of the liquid discharge cylinder is connected to the bottom of the other end of the tank body, a plurality of baffles are staggeredly distributed in the tank body, a plurality of baffles are respectively fixedly connected to the top wall and the bottom wall of the tank body, the baffles are fixedly connected to the periphery of the heat exchange tube body, the heat exchange tube body and the partition are both horizontally arranged, the top and bottom of the first pipe box are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid discharge pipe, and the two anti-impact barrels are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid discharge pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure stabilization assembly includes a plurality of flow channel switch mechanisms, a boost follower mechanism and a high-pressure alarm mechanism, the flow channel switch mechanism includes a baffle, a pair of first tension springs and a limit ring, the bottom of the baffle passes through the top wall of the liquid inlet box and is slidably connected thereto, the outer periphery of the baffle is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid inlet box, one end of the first tension spring is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle, the other end of the first tension spring is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box, the bottom of the limit ring is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box, the inner wall of the limit ring is slidably connected to one side of the top of the baffle, the boost follower mechanism and the high-pressure alarm mechanism are both installed on the anti-shock barrel at the top, the boost follower mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the flow channel switch mechanism, and the high-pressure alarm mechanism is used to warn that the pressure in the anti-shock barrel is too high.

[0010] Preferably, the boost follower mechanism includes a float, an L-shaped rod, multiple pull rods and multiple telescopic rods. The top of the float is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod. The L-shaped rod passes through the top wall of the anti-impact barrel and is slidably connected to it. The pull rod is installed on the L-shaped rod through the telescopic rod, and the top of one end of the pull rod is in contact with the other side of the top of the spoiler.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic rod includes a cylinder, a sliding rod and a second tension spring, the top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod, the top of the sliding rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, one end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cylinder, the other end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod, and the bottom of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of the pull rod.

[0012] Preferably, the high-pressure alarm mechanism includes a shell, a limit block, a push rod, a pair of first springs, a knocking rod, a pair of second springs and a warning bell, the shell passes through the top anti-impact barrel side wall and is fixedly connected thereto, the top of the limit block is fixedly connected to the shell top wall, the push rod passes through the limit block and is slidably connected thereto, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the limit block, the L-shaped rod passes through the shell and is slidably connected thereto, a vertical groove is provided on one side of the L-shaped rod, the knocking rod passes through the vertical groove and is slidably connected thereto, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the knocking rod, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical groove, and the top of the warning bell is fixedly connected to the top wall of the shell, when the float is located at the bottom of the anti-impact barrel, one end of the push rod is slidably connected to the vertical groove, and the knocking rod is separated from the warning bell, and when the float is located at the top of the anti-impact barrel, one end of the push rod and one end of the knocking rod conflict with each other, and the other end of the knocking rod conflicts with the warning bell.

[0013] Preferably, the high-voltage alarm mechanism also includes a pair of pulleys, a circular shaft and a square plate. The circular shaft is rotatably installed inside the shell, one of the pulleys is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the circular shaft, the rotating shaft passes through the shell and is rotatably connected thereto, the other pulley is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, the two pulleys are driven by a belt, the square plate is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the circular shaft, and the outer periphery of the square plate is in conflict with the other end of the push rod.

[0014] Preferably, the quick-release mechanism includes multiple bolts, multiple gears, a gear ring, a U-shaped slide rail and a T-shaped slider, the multiple bolts are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the first pipe box, one end of the bolt passes through the side wall of the first pipe box and is threadedly connected to the tank body, the gear is coaxially connected to the periphery of the bolt, an annular groove is provided on the side wall of the first pipe box, the gear ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, the gear ring and the gear are meshed with each other, the U-shaped slide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the tank body, the T-shaped slider is fixedly connected to the first pipe box, and the T-shaped slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped slide rail.

[0015] Preferably, the one-way valve comprises a round tube, a cross frame, a conical cylinder and a piston ball, one end of the round tube is connected to the liquid outlet box, the other end of the round tube is connected to the anti-collision bucket at the bottom, the inner wall of the round tube is fixedly connected to the cross frame, one end of the conical cylinder is fixedly connected to the cross frame and connected to each other, the piston ball is rollingly connected to the inner wall of the cross frame, and the inner wall of the conical cylinder and the outer periphery of the piston ball fit each other. Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. When the medium solution is injected into the anti-impact barrel at the top of the present invention, the medium solution flushes the turbofan downward to make it rotate, and at the same time drives the rotating shaft and the fan blades to rotate, so that the flow rate of the medium solution is slowed down and the vertical flow is changed to a regular rotation in the horizontal direction. The medium solution forms a vortex in the anti-impact barrel, and then the medium solution smoothly flows from the edge of the vortex through the liquid inlet box and the plug into the heat exchange tube body, thereby eliminating the turbulence of the medium solution in the anti-impact barrel, reducing the wear degree of the tube head, and extending the service life of the heat exchanger.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, when the pressure in the anti-shock barrel gradually increases, the float continues to rise, so that the liquid inlet box opens in sequence from low to high. As the pressure in the anti-shock barrel increases, the heat exchange tube body connected thereto is gradually increased to adapt to and stabilize the internal pressure of the anti-shock barrel, preventing excessive pressure from exacerbating the wear of the tube head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the tank structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4It is a structural disassembly diagram of the quick-release assembly of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the first pipe box structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the anti-collision barrel structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-impact and wear-resistant component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural breakdown diagram of the pressure stabilization component of the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the shell structure of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the L-shaped rod structure of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.11 It is a disassembled diagram of the one-way valve structure of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.12 This is a cross-sectional view of the first pipe box structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0030] In the figure: 1. Heat exchanger body; 10. Tank body; 11. First pipe box; 110. Baffle; 111. Annular groove; 12. Second pipe box; 13. Tube sheet; 14. Heat exchange tube body; 15. Baffle; 16. Liquid inlet cylinder; 17. Liquid discharge cylinder; 18. Liquid inlet pipe; 19. Liquid discharge pipe; 2. Anti-impact and wear-resistant components; 20. Plug; 21. Anti-impact barrel; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Turbofan; 24. Fan blades; 25. Liquid inlet box; 26. Liquid outlet box; 27. One-way valve; 270. Round tube; 271. Cross frame; 272. Conical cylinder; 273. Piston ball; 3. Pressure stabilizing assembly; 30. Flow channel switch mechanism; 300. Baffle; 301. First tension spring; 302. Limiting ring; 31. Pressurization follower mechanism; 310. Float; 311. L-shaped rod; 3110. Vertical slot; 312. Pull rod; 313. Telescopic rod; 314. Cylinder; 315. Sliding rod; 316. Second tension spring; 32. High-pressure alarm mechanism; 320. Shell; 321. Limiting block; 322. Push rod; 323. First spring; 324. Knocking rod; 325. Second spring; 326. Warning bell; 327. Pulley; 328. Round shaft; 329. Square plate; 4. Quick release assembly; 40. Bolt; 41. Gear; 42. Gear ring; 43. U-shaped slide rail; 44. T-shaped slide block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0032] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0033] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the term "connection" or the like appears to indicate the connection relationship between components, the term should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown: A heat exchanger head anti-impact structure for a solid medium heat exchange tube of a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger, comprising a plurality of plugs 20, a heat exchanger body 1 comprising a tank body 10, a first pipe box 11, and a plurality of heat exchange tube bodies 14, the heat exchange tube bodies 14 being fixedly installed in the tank body 10, a partition 110 being fixedly connected between the inner walls of the first pipe box 11, a plurality of plugs 20 being symmetrically distributed at the top and bottom of the partition 110, one end of the plug 20 being plugged and matched with the heat exchange tube body 14, and also comprising a pair of anti-impact barrels 21, an anti-impact wear-resistant component 2, a pressure stabilizing component 3 and a quick-release component 4, the two anti-impact barrels 21 being symmetrically distributed at the top and bottom of the partition 110 and being fixedly connected thereto, the first pipe box 11 being installed at one end of the tank body 10 through the quick-release component 4, the anti-impact wear-resistant component 2 comprising a rotating shaft 22, a turbofan 23, a plurality of The fan blades 24, multiple liquid inlet boxes 25, liquid outlet boxes 26 and a one-way valve 27, the rotating shaft 22 passes through the partition 110 and is rotatably connected thereto, the turbofan 23 is coaxially connected to the top of the rotating shaft 22, the fan blades 24 are coaxially connected to the periphery of the rotating shaft 22, and multiple rotating shafts 22 are respectively located in two anti-collision barrels 21, the liquid inlet box 25 and the liquid outlet box 26 are both fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first pipe box 11, one end of the liquid inlet box 25 is connected to one side of the top anti-collision barrel 21, and the other side of the liquid inlet box 25 is connected to the heat exchange tube body 14 through the plug 20, one end of the liquid outlet box 26 is connected to the bottom anti-collision barrel 21 through the one-way valve 27, and the other end of the liquid outlet box 26 is connected to the heat exchange tube body 14 through the plug 20, and the pressure stabilization component 3 is installed in the first pipe box 11, and the pressure stabilization component 3 is used to balance the hydraulic pressure in the anti-collision barrel 21.

[0036] The anti-impact barrel 21 is a hollow conical barrel structure, the top diameter of the anti-impact barrel 21 is smaller than its bottom diameter, and the bottom diameter of the anti-impact barrel 21 is smaller than its top diameter. The liquid inlet box 25 and the liquid outlet box 26 are both arranged horizontally, and the other ends of the multiple plugs 20 are threadedly connected to the liquid inlet box 25 and the liquid outlet box 26 respectively.

[0037] The heat exchanger body 1 also includes a second pipe box 12, a pair of tube sheets 13, a plurality of baffles 15, a liquid inlet cylinder 16 and a liquid discharge cylinder 17. The second pipe box 12 is fixedly connected to the other end of the tank body 10, and the peripheries of the two tube sheets 13 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two ends of the tank body 10. The two ends of the heat exchange tube body 14 pass through the two tube sheets 13 and are fixedly connected thereto. The bottom of the liquid inlet cylinder 16 is connected to the top of one end of the tank body 10, and the top of the liquid discharge cylinder 17 is connected to the bottom of the other end of the tank body 10. The plurality of baffles 15 are staggeredly distributed in the tank body 10, and the plurality of baffles 15 are respectively fixedly connected to the top wall of the tank body 10 and the bottom wall of the tank body 10. The baffles 15 are fixedly connected to the periphery of the heat exchange tube body 14. The heat exchange tube body 14 and the partition 110 are both horizontally arranged. The top and bottom of the first pipe box 11 are respectively connected with a liquid inlet pipe 18 and a liquid discharge pipe 19, and two anti-collision barrels 21 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe 18 and the liquid discharge pipe 19.

[0038] The one-way valve 27 includes a circular tube 270, a cross frame 271, a conical tube 272 and a piston ball 273. One end of the circular tube 270 is connected to the liquid outlet box 26, and the other end of the circular tube 270 is connected to the anti-impact barrel 21 at the bottom. The inner wall of the circular tube 270 is fixedly connected to the cross frame 271, and one end of the conical tube 272 is fixedly connected to the cross frame 271 and is connected to each other. The piston ball 273 is rollingly connected to the inner wall of the cross frame 271, and the inner wall of the conical tube 272 fits the outer periphery of the piston ball 273.

[0039] The heat medium liquid is injected into the tank body 10 through the liquid inlet tube 16, flows up and down through multiple baffles 15 and wraps the heat exchange tube body 14, and finally flows out from the liquid discharge tube 17 to complete the shell side circulation of the heat exchanger. At the same time, the medium solution is injected into the anti-impact barrel 21 on the top of the partition 110 from the liquid inlet pipe 18. Under the action of the anti-impact wear-resistant component 2, the flow direction of the medium solution is changed so that it passes horizontally through the plug 20 and is injected into the heat exchange tube body 14 at the top, flows into the second pipe box 12 through the heat exchange tube body 14, and flows back to the anti-impact pipe at the bottom of the partition 110 through the heat exchange tube body 14 at the bottom of the partition 110, and is finally discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 19 to complete the tube side circulation of the heat exchanger. At the same time, during the circulation process, the heat of the heat medium liquid is heat-conducted with the medium solution to complete the heat exchange process.

[0040] When the medium solution is injected into the anti-scouring barrel 21 at the top, the medium solution flushes the turbofan 23 downward to rotate, and at the same time drives the rotating shaft 22 and the fan blade 24 to rotate, so that the flow rate of the medium solution is slowed down and changed from vertical flow to regular rotation in the horizontal direction. The medium solution forms a vortex in the anti-scouring barrel 21 to eliminate the turbulence of the medium solution in the anti-scouring barrel 21, thereby reducing the wear degree of the tube head and extending the service life of the heat exchanger. Then the medium solution flows smoothly from the edge of the vortex through the liquid inlet box 25 and the plug 20 into the heat exchange tube body 14. When the medium solution flows out from the heat exchange tube body 14 at the bottom, it enters the liquid outlet box 26 through the plug 20, and then pushes the piston ball 273 against the cross frame 271, so that the medium solution flows into the backwash barrel at the bottom and forms a vortex again. When the medium solution flows back, it pushes the piston to collide with the inner wall of the conical cylinder 272, blocking the one-way valve 27, thereby preventing the medium solution from flowing back into the heat exchange tube body 14, further reducing wear.

[0041] And because the anti-scour barrel 21 is a hollow conical barrel structure, the top diameter of the anti-scour barrel 21 is smaller than its bottom diameter, and the bottom diameter of the anti-scour barrel 21 is smaller than its top diameter. When the medium solution forms a vortex in the top anti-scour pipe, the rotation speed gradually increases from bottom to top, so that the centrifugal force gradually increases. Since the water pressure of the medium solution at the bottom of the anti-scour barrel 21 is greater than the water pressure at the top of the anti-scour barrel 21, the two balance each other, balance the pressure in the top anti-scour barrel 21, and the vortex formed by the medium solution in the bottom anti-scour barrel 21 can be quickly discharged through the drain pipe 19, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0042] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown: The pressure stabilization component 3 includes a plurality of flow channel switch mechanisms 30, a boost follower mechanism 31 and a high-pressure alarm mechanism 32. The flow channel switch mechanism 30 includes a baffle 300, a pair of first tension springs 301 and a limit ring 302. The bottom of the baffle 300 passes through the top wall of the liquid inlet box 25 and is slidably connected thereto. The periphery of the baffle 300 is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid inlet box 25. One end of the first tension spring 301 is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle 300, and the other end of the first tension spring 301 is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box 25. The bottom of the limit ring 302 is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box 25. The inner wall of the limit ring 302 is slidably connected to one side of the top of the baffle 300. The boost follower mechanism 31 and the high-pressure alarm mechanism 32 are both installed on the top anti-collision barrel 21. The boost follower mechanism 31 is used to control the opening and closing of the flow channel switch mechanism 30, and the high-pressure alarm mechanism 32 is used to warn that the pressure in the anti-collision barrel 21 is too high.

[0043] The boost follower mechanism 31 includes a float 310, an L-shaped rod 311, multiple pull rods 312 and multiple telescopic rods 313. The top of the float 310 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod 311. The L-shaped rod 311 passes through the top wall of the anti-impact barrel 21 and is slidably connected thereto. The pull rod 312 is installed on the L-shaped rod 311 through the telescopic rod 313. The top of one end of the pull rod 312 abuts against the other side of the top of the spoiler 300.

[0044] The telescopic rod 313 includes a cylinder 314, a sliding rod 315 and a second tension spring 316. The top of the cylinder 314 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod 311, the top of the sliding rod 315 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 314, one end of the second tension spring 316 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cylinder 314, the other end of the second tension spring 316 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod 315, and the bottom of the sliding rod 315 is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of the pull rod 312.

[0045] When the medium solution in the anti-impact barrel 21 gradually increases, the pressure in the anti-impact barrel 21 gradually increases, pushing the float 310 to move upward and driving the L-shaped rod 311 to slide upward. At this time, the telescopic rod 313 is lifted and drives the pull rod 312 to support the baffle 300. As the float 310 continues to rise, the cylinder 314 rises and the second tension spring 316 is stretched, so that the telescopic rod 313 is extended. At the same time, the sliding rod 315 drives the pull rod 312 to lift the baffle 300. The first tension spring 301 is stretched, so that the liquid inlet box 25 is opened from bottom to top in sequence, and the medium solution flows into the heat exchange tube body 14 through the liquid inlet box 25 for heat exchange.

[0046] And the tension of the first tension spring 301 is less than that of the second tension spring 316, so when the second tension spring 316 is stretched, the first tension spring 301 is in the ultimate tension state, so that as the float 310 moves upward, the multiple flow channel switch mechanisms 30 are opened in sequence from low to high, so that as the pressure in the anti-collision barrel 21 increases, the heat exchange tube body 14 connected thereto is gradually increased to adapt to and stabilize the internal pressure of the anti-collision barrel 21, and prevent excessive pressure from aggravating the wear of the tube head. When the pressure decreases, the float 310 drops, the first spring 323 rebounds first, and then the second spring 325 rebounds, so that the multiple flow channel switch mechanisms 30 are closed in sequence from high to low.

[0047] like Figures 5 to 10 As shown: The high-pressure alarm mechanism 32 includes a shell 320, a limit block 321, a push rod 322, a pair of first springs 323, a knock rod 324, a pair of second springs 325 and a warning bell 326. The shell 320 passes through the side wall of the top anti-collision barrel 21 and is fixedly connected thereto. The top of the limit block 321 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the shell 320. The push rod 322 passes through the limit block 321 and is slidably connected thereto. One end of the first spring 323 is fixedly connected to the push rod 322, and the other end of the first spring 323 is fixedly connected to the limit block 321. The L-shaped rod 311 passes through the shell 320 and is slidably connected thereto. The vertical slot 3110, the knocking rod 324 passes through the vertical slot 3110 and is slidably connected thereto, one end of the second spring 325 is fixedly connected to the knocking rod 324, the other end of the second spring 325 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical slot 3110, the top of the warning bell 326 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the shell 320, when the float 310 is located at the bottom of the anti-collision barrel 21, one end of the push rod 322 is slidably connected to the vertical slot 3110, the knocking rod 324 is separated from the warning bell 326, when the float 310 is located at the top of the anti-collision barrel 21, one end of the push rod 322 and one end of the knocking rod 324 conflict with each other, and the other end of the knocking rod 324 conflict with the warning bell 326.

[0048] The high-pressure alarm mechanism 32 also includes a pair of pulleys 327, a circular shaft 328 and a square plate 329. The circular shaft 328 is rotatably installed inside the shell 320. One of the pulleys 327 is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the circular shaft 328. The rotating shaft 22 passes through the shell 320 and is rotatably connected thereto. The other pulley 327 is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 22. The two pulleys 327 are driven by a belt. The square plate 329 is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the circular shaft 328. The outer periphery of the square plate 329 conflicts with the other end of the push rod 322.

[0049] When the pressure in the anti-shock barrel 21 is lower than the warning value, one end of the push rod 322 is slidably connected to the vertical groove 3110 but does not contact the knocking rod 324. At this time, the knocking rod 324 is in a stationary state and the warning bell 326 does not work. When the pressure in the anti-shock barrel 21 exceeds the warning value, the float 310 drives the L-shaped rod 311 to rise to the top. At this time, the push rod 322 is aligned with the knocking rod 324. As the turbofan 23 rotates, the rotating shaft 22 drives one of the pulleys 327 to rotate. At the same time, through the belt transmission between the two pulleys 327, the round shaft 328 drives the square plate 329 to rotate synchronously in the shell 320. As the square plate 329 rotates, its outer periphery resists the push rod 322 and pushes the push rod 322 to slide horizontally in the limit block 321. At this time, the first spring 323 repeats the process of stretching and rebounding, so that the push rod 322 slides horizontally back and forth, thereby pushing the knocking rod 324 to slide horizontally in the vertical groove 3110, and quickly knocking the warning bell 326, causing the warning bell 326 to vibrate and sound an alarm, indicating that the pressure in the anti-collision barrel 21 is too high. During this process, the second spring 325 repeats the process of stretching and rebounding, so that the knocking rod 324 is always in contact with the push rod 322, thereby quickly knocking the warning bell 326.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown: The quick release mechanism includes multiple bolts 40, multiple gears 41, a gear ring 42, a U-shaped slide rail 43 and a T-shaped slider 44. The multiple bolts 40 are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the first pipe box 11. One end of the bolt 40 passes through the side wall of the first pipe box 11 and is threadedly connected to the tank body 10. The gear 41 is coaxially connected to the periphery of the bolt 40. The side wall of the first pipe box 11 is provided with an annular groove 111. The gear ring 42 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 111. The gear ring 42 and the gear 41 are meshed with each other. The U-shaped slide rail 43 is fixedly connected to one side of the tank body 10. The T-shaped slider 44 is fixedly connected to the first pipe box 11. The T-shaped slider 44 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped slide rail 43.

[0051] The plug 20 plugged into the heat exchange tube body 14 replaces the function of the tube head of the heat exchange tube body 14, and since the plug 20 is threadedly connected to the liquid inlet box 25 and the liquid outlet box 26, when it needs to be replaced, only one of the bolts 40 needs to be rotated to drive the gear 41 on its outer periphery to rotate, and through the meshing transmission between the gear 41 and the gear ring 42, multiple bolts 40 can be driven to rotate at the same time. As the bolts 40 are separated from the tank body 10, the plug 20 is also separated from the heat exchange tube body 14. At the same time, the T-shaped slider 44 slides horizontally along the U-shaped slide rail 43, and then the first pipe box 11 is rotated to make the T-shaped slider 44 rotate in the U-shaped slide rail 43, so that the first pipe box 11 can be opened, and then the severely worn plug 20 is unscrewed and replaced with a new one, and then the above operation is repeated in reverse. When the first pipe box 11 is rotated and reset, the plug 20 is also aligned with the heat exchange tube body 14. Finally, the bolt 40 is reversed to complete the replacement of the plug 20, which is convenient to operate.

[0052] It should be noted that the above specific implementations are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent substitutions, changes, etc. can be made to the present invention. However, as long as these changes do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they should be within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, some terms used in the specification and claims of this application are not limiting, but are only for the convenience of clearly describing the positional relationship and function between the various components.

Claims

1. An anti-collision structure for a solid medium heat exchange tube head of a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger, comprising a plurality of plugs (20), the heat exchanger body (1) comprising a tank body (10), a first tube box (11), and a plurality of heat exchange tube bodies (14), the heat exchange tube bodies (14) being fixedly installed in the tank body (10), a partition (110) being fixedly connected between the inner walls of the first tube box (11), the plurality of plugs (20) being symmetrically distributed on the top and bottom of the partition (110), one end of the plug (20) being plugged into and matched with the heat exchange tube body (14), characterized in that: The tank body (10) further comprises a pair of anti-impact barrels (21), an anti-impact wear-resistant assembly (2), a pressure stabilizing assembly (3) and a quick-release assembly (4). The two anti-impact barrels (21) are symmetrically distributed on the top and bottom of the partition (110) and are fixedly connected thereto. The first pipe box (11) is installed on one end of the tank body (10) via the quick-release assembly (4). The anti-impact wear-resistant assembly (2) comprises a rotating shaft (22), a turbofan (23), a plurality of fan blades (24), a plurality of liquid inlet boxes (25), a liquid outlet box (26) and a one-way valve (27). The rotating shaft (22) passes through the partition (110) and is rotatably connected thereto. The turbofan (23) is coaxially connected to the top of the rotating shaft (22). The fan blades (24) are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (22). The outer periphery is coaxially connected, and a plurality of rotating shafts (22) are respectively located in the two anti-impact barrels (21). The liquid inlet box (25) and the liquid outlet box (26) are both fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first pipe box (11). One end of the liquid inlet box (25) is connected to one side of the top anti-impact barrel (21), and the other side of the liquid inlet box (25) is connected to the heat exchange tube body (14) through a plug (20). One end of the liquid outlet box (26) is connected to the bottom anti-impact barrel (21) through a one-way valve (27), and the other end of the liquid outlet box (26) is connected to the heat exchange tube body (14) through a plug (20). A pressure stabilizing assembly (3) is installed in the first pipe box (11), and the pressure stabilizing assembly (3) is used to balance the hydraulic pressure in the anti-impact barrel (21).

2. The anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchange tube head of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-impact barrel (21) is a hollow conical barrel structure. The top diameter of the anti-impact barrel (21) is smaller than the bottom diameter, and the bottom diameter of the anti-impact barrel (21) is smaller than the top diameter. The liquid inlet box (25) and the liquid outlet box (26) are both arranged horizontally. The other ends of the plurality of plugs (20) are respectively threadedly connected to the liquid inlet box (25) and the liquid outlet box (26).

3. The anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchange tube head of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger body (1) further comprises a second tube box (12), a pair of tube sheets (13), a plurality of baffles (15), a liquid inlet cylinder (16) and a liquid discharge cylinder (17); the second tube box (12) is fixedly connected to the other end of the tank body (10); the outer peripheries of the two tube sheets (13) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two ends of the tank body (10); the two ends of the heat exchange tube body (14) respectively pass through the two tube sheets (13) and are fixedly connected thereto; the bottom of the liquid inlet cylinder (16) is communicated with the top of one end of the tank body (10); the top of the liquid discharge cylinder (17) is connected to the tank body (10); The other end is connected to the bottom, a plurality of baffles (15) are staggeredly distributed in the tank body (10), the plurality of baffles (15) are respectively fixedly connected to the top wall of the tank body (10) and the bottom wall of the tank body (10), the baffles (15) are fixedly connected to the periphery of the heat exchange tube body (14), the heat exchange tube body (14) and the partition (110) are both arranged horizontally, the top and bottom of the first tube box (11) are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe (18) and the liquid discharge pipe (19), and the two anti-collision barrels (21) are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe (18) and the liquid discharge pipe (19).

4. The anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchange tube head of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure stabilization assembly (3) comprises a plurality of flow channel switch mechanisms (30), a pressure boost follower mechanism (31) and a high pressure alarm mechanism (32); the flow channel switch mechanism (30) comprises a baffle plate (300), a pair of first tension springs (301) and a limit ring (302); the bottom of the baffle plate (300) passes through the top wall of the liquid inlet box (25) and is slidably connected thereto; the outer periphery of the baffle plate (300) is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid inlet box (25); one end of the first tension spring (301) is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle plate (300); The other end of the tension spring (301) is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box (25), the bottom of the limit ring (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box (25), the inner wall of the limit ring (302) is slidably connected to one side of the top of the baffle (300), the booster follower mechanism (31) and the high-pressure alarm mechanism (32) are both mounted on the top of the anti-collision barrel (21), the booster follower mechanism (31) is used to control the opening and closing of the flow channel switch mechanism (30), and the high-pressure alarm mechanism (32) is used to warn that the pressure in the anti-collision barrel (21) is too high.

5. The anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchange tube head of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressurizing follower mechanism (31) comprises a float (310), an L-shaped rod (311), a plurality of pull rods (312) and a plurality of telescopic rods (313); the top of the float (310) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod (311); the L-shaped rod (311) passes through the top wall of the anti-collision barrel (21) and is slidably connected thereto; the pull rod (312) is mounted on the L-shaped rod (311) via the telescopic rod (313); the top of one end of the pull rod (312) contacts the other side of the top of the spoiler (300).

6. The anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchange tube head of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (313) comprises a cylinder (314), a sliding rod (315) and a second tension spring (316); the top of the cylinder (314) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod (311); the top of the sliding rod (315) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (314); one end of the second tension spring (316) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cylinder (314); the other end of the second tension spring (316) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod (315); and the bottom of the sliding rod (315) is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of the pull rod (312).

7. The anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchange tube head of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-pressure alarm mechanism (32) comprises a housing (320), a stop block (321), a push rod (322), a pair of first springs (323), a knock rod (324), a pair of second springs (325) and a warning bell (326); the housing (320) passes through the side wall of the anti-collision barrel (21) at the top and is fixedly connected thereto; the top of the stop block (321) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing (320); the push rod (322) passes through the stop block (321) and is slidably connected thereto; one end of the first spring (323) is fixedly connected to the push rod (322) The other end of the first spring (323) is fixedly connected to the limit block (321), the L-shaped rod (311) passes through the shell (320) and is slidably connected thereto, a vertical groove (3110) is provided on one side of the L-shaped rod (311), the knocking rod (324) passes through the vertical groove (3110) and is slidably connected thereto, one end of the second spring (325) is fixedly connected to the knocking rod (324), the other end of the second spring (325) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical groove (3110), and the top of the warning bell (326) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the shell (320); When the float (310) is located at the bottom of the anti-scouring barrel (21), one end of the push rod (322) is slidably connected to the vertical groove (3110), and the knocking rod (324) is separated from the warning bell (326); When the float (310) is located at the top of the anti-scouring barrel (21), one end of the push rod (322) and one end of the knock rod (324) collide with each other, and the other end of the knock rod (324) and the warning bell (326) collide with each other.

8. The anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchange tube head of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The high-pressure alarm mechanism (32) further comprises a pair of pulleys (327), a circular shaft (328) and a square plate (329). The circular shaft (328) is rotatably mounted inside the housing (320). One of the pulleys (327) is coaxially connected to the periphery of the circular shaft (328). The rotating shaft (22) passes through the housing (320) and is rotatably connected thereto. The other pulley (327) is coaxially connected to the periphery of the rotating shaft (22). The two pulleys (327) are driven by a belt. The square plate (329) is coaxially connected to the periphery of the circular shaft (328). The periphery of the square plate (329) and the other end of the push rod (322) are in contact with each other.

9. The anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchange tube head of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-release mechanism comprises a plurality of bolts (40), a plurality of gears (41), a gear ring (42), a U-shaped slide rail (43) and a T-shaped slide block (44). The plurality of bolts (40) are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the first pipe box (11). One end of the bolt (40) passes through the side wall of the first pipe box (11) and is threadedly connected to the tank body (10). The gear (41) is coaxially connected to the periphery of the bolt (40). An annular groove (111) is provided on the side wall of the first pipe box (11). The gear ring (42) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove (111). The gear ring (42) and the gear (41) are meshed with each other. The U-shaped slide rail (43) is fixedly connected to one side of the tank body (10). The T-shaped slide block (44) is fixedly connected to the first pipe box (11). The T-shaped slide block (44) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped slide rail (43).

10. The anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchange tube head of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way valve (27) comprises a circular tube (270), a cross frame (271), a conical tube (272) and a piston ball (273); one end of the circular tube (270) is connected to the liquid outlet box (26); the other end of the circular tube (270) is connected to the anti-impact bucket (21) at the bottom; the inner wall of the circular tube (270) is fixedly connected to the cross frame (271); one end of the conical tube (272) is fixedly connected to the cross frame (271) and is connected to each other; the piston ball (273) is rollingly connected to the inner wall of the cross frame (271); the inner wall of the conical tube (272) and the outer periphery of the piston ball (273) are mutually fitted.

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