A vibration-based rock mass structural plane friction characteristic size effect tester

Abstract

The application provides a vibration-based rock mass structure surface friction characteristic size effect tester, which comprises a workbench, a horizontal vibration loading device, a vertical vibration loading device and a control system; the top of the workbench is provided with a mounting bottom plate and a shock-absorbing pad; the horizontal vibration loading device comprises a horizontal vibration loader, a horizontal vibration table, horizontal guide rails, a limiting part, a horizontal force sensor and a horizontal displacement sensor; the vertical vibration loading device comprises a vertical vibration loader, a support frame, a clamping part, a vertical guide part and a vertical force sensor; the control system is used for controlling the operation of the horizontal vibration loading device and the vertical vibration loading device and outputting test data. The tester of the application limits and guides the sample, and improves the test stability and test precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock mass material friction characteristic testing instruments, in particular to a vibration-based rock mass structural plane friction characteristic size effect testing instrument. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rock mass structural planes exist universally in nature, and their development characteristics and distribution rules control the properties of rock mass to a large extent and are the main cause of the non-uniformity and anisotropy of rock mass. The stability of rock mass structural planes affects the safety of engineering construction. Due to the influence of factors such as earthquakes, excavation-induced vibrations, and friction between surrounding rock and lining, the friction characteristics of rock mass structural planes under vibration conditions have attracted attention from the academic community, and the influence of the size effect of friction characteristics remains to be further studied.

[0003] Testing instruments are the basis for the study of the friction mechanism of rock mass structural planes. In order to understand the friction characteristics under vibration conditions, some scholars have also been studying related equipment. For example, patent No. 202010025315.7 proposes a vibration measurement method for high-frequency friction of rock interfaces, but there is no limiting for the upper sample, and there is no specific scheme for how to achieve vertical loading. The vibration path of the far-end force transmission is too large, and the influence of the size effect is not considered. Patent No. 201910783778.7 proposes a rock structural plane dynamic friction system based on a double vibration table, which uses two vibration tables and a normal high stress, but the upper test block fixing groove is fixed on the frame externally, which limits the up-and-down movement of the test block. There is no specific scheme for how to realize vibration and sample constraint in the structure. Patent No. 202210221186.8 proposes a rock mass structural plane multi-directional dynamic shear mechanical testing system based on the principle of a vibration table, which realizes the translation of the lower sample along the x and y axes and the rotation of the lower sample around the z axis, simulating the stress characteristics of the sample under multi-directional seismic action. However, it cannot apply vertical vibration, and the limit stopper only limits the lateral deviation. When the rock mass structural plane has a large fluctuation, it is difficult to meet the requirements. The upper disc sample cannot meet the vertical limiting movement. In addition, the size of the shear box is changed in a combined manner to accommodate different sizes of samples. The vibration transmission path is complex and it is difficult to observe the surface condition of the sample. It is difficult to effectively obtain the relationship between the friction force and the size of the sample. In order to explore the size effect mechanism of friction characteristics, it is a prerequisite to accurately obtain the friction force of multi-size samples under horizontal and vertical vibration. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a high-precision and high-efficiency testing equipment and scheme. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the above prior art, the present application provides a vibration-based rock mass structural plane friction characteristic size effect testing instrument.

[0005] The application provides a vibration-based rock mass structural plane friction characteristic size effect tester, which comprises a workbench, a horizontal vibration loading device, a vertical vibration loading device and a control system; a mounting bottom plate and a damping pad are arranged on the top of the workbench, the damping pad is arranged between the workbench and the mounting bottom plate, the mounting bottom plate supports the horizontal vibration loading device, and the vertical vibration loading device is mounted on the workbench; the horizontal vibration loading device comprises a horizontal vibration loader, a horizontal vibration table, a horizontal guide rail, a limiting part, a horizontal force sensor and a horizontal displacement sensor, the horizontal vibration table is slidingly arranged on the horizontal guide rail, the horizontal guide rail is fixedly connected to the mounting bottom plate, the horizontal vibration loader is mounted on the mounting bottom plate and is used for driving the horizontal vibration table to move horizontally and reciprocally on the horizontal guide rail, the horizontal force sensor is arranged between the horizontal vibration loader and the horizontal vibration table, the limiting part is mounted on the horizontal vibration table, the limiting part is used for fixing a lower sample on the table top of the horizontal vibration table, and the horizontal displacement sensor is mounted on the mounting bottom plate and is used for detecting the horizontal displacement distance of the horizontal vibration table; the vertical vibration loading device comprises a vertical vibration loader, a support frame, a clamping part, a vertical guide part and a vertical force sensor, the support frame is fixed to the workbench, the clamping part is mounted on the support frame and is used for clamping an upper sample above the lower sample, the vertical guide part is mounted on the clamping part and is used for vertically guiding the upper sample, the vertical vibration loader is mounted on the support frame, the vertical vibration loader is used for driving the upper sample to pressurize and load the lower sample, and the vertical force sensor is arranged on the vertical output end of the vertical vibration loader; and the control system is used for controlling the operation of the horizontal vibration loading device and the vertical vibration loading device and outputting test data.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the vibration-based rock mass structural plane friction characteristic size effect tester has the following advantages: the mounting bottom plate arranged on the workbench provides stable and reliable support for the horizontal vibration loading device, the vertical vibration loading device is mounted on the workbench, interference with the horizontal vibration loading device is avoided, the damping pad buffers vibration, and the test stability is improved; the horizontal vibration table has horizontal movement guidance through the arrangement of the horizontal guide rail, the horizontal vibration stability of the lower sample is improved, and the setting stability of the lower sample on the horizontal vibration table is improved through the arrangement of the limiting part; the clamping stability of the upper sample is improved through the arrangement of the clamping part, and the vertical vibration of the upper sample is guided through the arrangement of the vertical guide part, and the vertical vibration stability of the upper sample is improved.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the horizontal vibration loader comprises a motor, a screw rod, a nut and two support seats, the two support seats are fixedly connected to the mounting base and are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, two ends of the screw rod are rotatably arranged on the two support seats, the nut is threadedly sleeved on the screw rod and is connected with the horizontal vibration table, the motor is mounted on the mounting base, and an output shaft of the motor is drivingly connected with the screw rod through a shaft coupling.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can realize horizontal vibration loading, has reliable structure and improves the stability of horizontal vibration loading.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the horizontal vibration table comprises a loading plate, four movable feet and a traction plate, the four movable feet are fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading plate, the bottom of each movable foot is provided with a horizontal movement sliding block, the horizontal movement sliding block is slidingly connected to a horizontal guide rail, the traction plate is fixedly arranged on the loading plate, and the traction plate is connected to the nut through a horizontal force sensor.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can realize horizontal reciprocating movement of the horizontal vibration table and improve the stability of horizontal vibration loading.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the loading plate is provided with two limiting seats, the two limiting seats are arranged at intervals, and each limiting seat is provided with a pressing plate through a screw.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can realize fixation of the lower sample on the loading plate and improve the stability of horizontal vibration loading.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the support frame comprises a top plate and four vertical columns arranged at intervals around the circumference and fixedly connected to the workbench seat, and a support connecting rod is arranged between each two adjacent vertical columns.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can realize reliable support of the support frame and improve the stability of vertical vibration loading.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the clamping part comprises a left clamping assembly and a right clamping assembly, the left clamping assembly is arranged on two columns, the right clamping assembly is arranged on another two columns, the left clamping assembly and the right clamping assembly are oppositely arranged for clamping the upper sample, the right clamping assembly comprises a support frame, a guide rod, a threaded rod, a moving plate, a support plate and a clamping plate, the support frame is connected between the two columns in a vertical sliding adjustment mode, the threaded rod is screwed on the support frame in a horizontal direction, the moving plate is connected to the inner side end of the threaded rod, the outer side end of the threaded rod is provided with a hand wheel, the guide rod is arranged on the support frame in a horizontal sliding mode and is fixedly connected with the moving plate, the support plate is connected to the side of the moving plate away from the threaded rod, and the clamping plate is connected to the side of the support plate away from the moving plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can realize reliable clamping of the upper sample, improve the stability of the vertical vibration loading, and facilitate clamping of upper samples of different sizes due to the vertical sliding adjustment of the support frame.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the clamping part further comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the clamping plate, and the pressure sensor is connected between the moving plate and the support plate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can detect the clamping force of the clamping plate on the upper sample, reduce the influence of the clamping force on the vertical vibration loading, and improve the test accuracy.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the vertical guide part comprises a vertical guide rail and a vertical moving slider, the vertical guide rail is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the vertical moving slider is arranged on the vertical guide rail in a sliding mode and is fixedly connected with the clamping plate.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can realize vertical guidance of the upper sample and improve the stability of the vertical vibration loading.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the vertical vibration loader comprises a vibration cylinder, a ball joint and a vertical loading plate, the vibration cylinder is fixedly installed on the top plate, the ball joint is connected to the output end of the vibration cylinder, the vertical loading plate is connected to the ball joint, and the vertical force sensor is arranged between the ball joint and the output end of the vibration cylinder.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can realize vertical vibration loading, has a reliable structure, and improves the stability of the vertical vibration loading.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the control system comprises a power source, an operation end, a controller and a computer software end, the power source provides output power for the horizontal vibration loader and the vertical vibration loader, and the operation end, the controller and the computer software end provide control and interface operation for the test.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can realize control of the instrument and improve detection automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the present application Figure One ;

[0027] Figure 3 is a front view of Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the present application Figure Two ;

[0029] Figure 5 is a front view of Figure 4 ;

[0030] Figure 6 is a sectional view of Figure 4 ;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the present application Figure Three ;

[0032] Figure 8 is a front view of Figure 7 ;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right clamping assembly Figure One ;

[0034] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right clamping assembly Figure Two ;

[0035] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] 1, workbench; 11, mounting bottom plate; 12, damping pad; 2, horizontal vibration loading device; 21, horizontal vibration loader; 211, motor; 212, screw rod; 213, nut; 214, support base; 215, shaft coupling; 22, horizontal vibration table; 221, object carrying plate; 222, moving support; 223, traction plate; 224, horizontal moving slider; 23, horizontal guide rail; 24, limiting part; 241, limiting base; 242, pressing plate; 25, horizontal force sensor; 26, horizontal displacement sensor; 3, vertical vibration loading device; 31, vertical vibration loader; 311, vibration cylinder; 312, ball joint; 313, vertical loading plate; 32, support frame; 321, top plate; 322, stand column; 323, support connecting rod; 33, clamping part; 331, left clamping assembly; 332, right clamping assembly; 3321, support frame; 3322, guide rod; 3323, threaded rod; 3324, moving plate; 3325, support plate; 3326, clamping plate; 3327, hand wheel; 333, pressure sensor; 34, vertical guide part; 341, vertical guide rail; 342, vertical moving slider; 35, vertical force sensor; 4, power oil source; 5, operation end; 6, controller; 7, computer software end; 10, lower test sample; 20, upper test sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] First, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the application examples, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the application examples. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application occasions.

[0038] In the description of the application examples, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application examples can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In the application examples, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0040] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] See Figures 1 to 10 This application discloses a vibration-based test instrument for the size effect of frictional characteristics of rock mass surface, including a worktable 1, a horizontal vibration loading device 2, a vertical vibration loading device 3, and a control system. The worktable 1 has a mounting base 11 and a shock-absorbing pad 12 on its top. The shock-absorbing pad 12 is located between the worktable 1 and the mounting base 11. The mounting base 11 supports the horizontal vibration loading device 2. The vertical vibration loading device 3 is mounted on the worktable 1. The horizontal vibration loading device 2 includes... The system includes a horizontal vibration loader 21, a horizontal vibration table 22, a horizontal guide rail 23, a limiting part 24, a horizontal force sensor 25, and a horizontal displacement sensor 26. The horizontal vibration table 22 is slidably mounted on the horizontal guide rail 23, which is fixedly connected to a mounting base plate 11. The horizontal vibration loader 21 is mounted on the mounting base plate 11 and drives the horizontal vibration table 22 to reciprocate horizontally on the horizontal guide rail 23. The horizontal force sensor 25 is located between the horizontal vibration loader 21 and the horizontal vibration table 22. A limiting part 24 is installed on a horizontal vibration table 22. The limiting part 24 is used to fix the lower sample 10 on the table surface of the horizontal vibration table 22. The horizontal displacement sensor 26 is installed on the mounting base plate 11 and is used to detect the horizontal displacement distance of the horizontal vibration table 22. The vertical vibration loading device 3 includes a vertical vibration loader 31, a support frame 32, a clamping part 33, a vertical guide part 34, and a vertical force sensor 35. The support frame 32 is fixed on the worktable 1, and the clamping part 33 is installed on the support frame 32. It is used to clamp the upper sample 20 above the lower sample 10. The vertical guide part 34 is installed on the clamping part 33 and is used to provide vertical guidance for the upper sample 20. The vertical vibration loader 31 is installed on the support frame 32. The vertical vibration loader 31 is used to drive the upper sample 20 to squeeze and load the lower sample 10. The vertical force sensor 35 is located on the vertical output end of the vertical vibration loader 31. The control system is used to control the operation of the horizontal vibration loading device 2 and the vertical vibration loading device 3 and output test data.

[0042] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6In the embodiment, the horizontal vibration loader 21 comprises a motor 211, a screw rod 212, a nut 213 and two support seats 214, the two support seats 214 are fixedly connected to the mounting bottom plate 11 and are arranged in the horizontal direction, the screw rod 212 is rotatably arranged at the two support seats 214, the nut 213 is threadedly sleeved on the screw rod 212 and is connected with the horizontal vibration table 22, the motor 211 is mounted on the mounting bottom plate 11, and the output shaft of the motor 211 is drivingly connected with the screw rod 212 through a shaft coupling 215, so that the horizontal vibration loading can be realized, the structure is reliable, and the stability of the horizontal vibration loading is improved. The motor 211 is a servo motor 211, and the moving precision of the nut 213 is improved.

[0043] In the embodiment, the horizontal vibration table 22 comprises a loading plate 221, four moving legs 222 and a traction plate 223, the four moving legs 222 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading plate 221, the bottom of the four moving legs 222 is provided with horizontal moving sliders 224, the horizontal moving sliders 224 are slidingly connected to the horizontal guide rails 23, and the traction plate 223 is fixedly arranged on the loading plate 221 and is connected with the nut 213 through the horizontal force sensor 25, so that the horizontal reciprocating movement of the horizontal vibration table 22 can be realized, and the stability of the horizontal vibration loading is improved.

[0044] In the embodiment, the loading plate 221 is provided with two limiting seats 241, the two limiting seats 241 are arranged at intervals, and the two limiting seats 241 are provided with pressing plates 242 through screws, respectively, and the two pressing plates 242 are used for extruding and limiting the lower sample 10, so that the fixation of the lower sample 10 on the loading plate 221 can be realized, and the stability of the horizontal vibration loading is improved.

[0045] Continuing to refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 In the embodiment, the support frame 32 comprises a top plate 321 and four vertical columns 322 arranged at the bottom of the top plate 321, the four vertical columns 322 are arranged at intervals around the circumference and are fixedly connected to the workbench seat 1, and a support connecting rod 323 is arranged between adjacent two vertical columns 322, so that the reliable support of the support frame 32 can be realized, and the stability of the vertical vibration loading is improved. The support connecting rod 323 is provided with a sensor such as an LVDT for measuring mechanical parameters of the sample, which is used for assisting the measurement of the mechanical parameters.

[0046] In the embodiment, the clamping part 33 comprises a left clamping assembly 331 and a right clamping assembly 332, the left clamping assembly 331 is arranged on two stand columns 322, the right clamping assembly 332 is arranged on the other two stand columns 322, the left clamping assembly 331 and the right clamping assembly 332 are oppositely arranged for clamping the upper sample 20, the right clamping assembly 332 comprises a support frame 3321, a guide rod 3322, a threaded rod 3323, a moving plate 3324, a support plate 3325 and a clamping plate 3326, the support frame 3321 is connected between the two stand columns 322 in vertical sliding adjustment, the threaded rod 3323 is screwed on the support frame 3321 in horizontal direction, the moving plate 3324 is connected at the inner side end of the threaded rod 3323, the outer side end of the threaded rod 3323 is provided with a hand wheel 3327, the guide rod 3322 is slidably arranged on the support frame 3321 in horizontal direction and fixedly connected with the moving plate 3324, the support plate 3325 is connected on the side of the moving plate 3324 away from the threaded rod 3323, the clamping plate 3326 is connected on the side of the support plate 3325 away from the moving plate 3324, so that reliable clamping of the upper sample 20 can be realized, the stability of the vertical vibration loading is improved, and the support frame 3321 is arranged in vertical sliding adjustment, which is beneficial to clamping of upper samples 20 of different sizes and facilitates use of the equipment. The clamping part 33 further comprises a pressure sensor 333 for detecting the pressure of the clamping plate 3326, the pressure sensor 333 is connected between the moving plate 3324 and the support plate 3325, i.e. the clamping force of the clamping plate 3326 on the upper sample 20 can be detected, the influence of the clamping force on the vertical vibration loading is reduced, and the test precision is improved. The left clamping assembly 331 and the right clamping assembly 332 are arranged in the same structure. The support frame 3321 is provided with a through hole, the stand column 322 penetrates through the through hole and is arranged in mutual sliding, and the support frame 3321 is provided with a locking screw, the support frame 3321 is fixed on the stand column 322 by the locking screw.

[0047] In the embodiment, the vertical guide part 34 comprises a vertical guide rail 341 and a vertical moving slider 342, the vertical guide rail 341 is fixedly connected on the support plate 3325, and the vertical moving slider 342 is slidably arranged on the vertical guide rail and fixedly connected with the clamping plate 3326, so that vertical guidance of the upper sample 20 can be realized, and the stability of the vertical vibration loading is improved.

[0048] In the embodiment, the vertical vibration loader 31 comprises a vibration cylinder 311, a ball joint 312 and a vertical loading plate 313, the vibration cylinder 311 is fixedly installed on the top plate 321, the ball joint 312 is connected to the output end of the vibration cylinder 311, the vertical loading plate 313 is connected to the ball joint 312, and the vertical force sensor 35 is arranged between the ball joint 312 and the output end of the vibration cylinder 311, so that the vertical vibration loading can be realized, the structure is reliable, and the stability of the vertical vibration loading is improved.

[0049] Continuing to refer to Figure 1 In the embodiment, the control system comprises a power oil source 4, an operation end 5, a controller 6 and a computer software end 7, the power oil source 4 provides output power for the horizontal vibration loader 21 and the vertical vibration loader 31, and the operation end 5, the controller 6 and the computer software end 7 provide control and interface operation for the test, so that the control of the instrument can be realized, and the automation of detection is improved.

[0050] The embodiment provides a use method of a vibration-based rock mass structural plane friction characteristic size effect tester.

[0051] Step one, install the sample: according to the scale and coordinates of the horizontal vibration table 22, install the lower sample 10 at the middle position of the horizontal vibration table 22, fix two limit seats 241 to the two ends of the sample on the horizontal vibration table 22 respectively, support the fixed limit seat 241 based on the reaction force, clamp the pressure plate 242 to the lower sample 10 by a screw, install the upper sample 20 above the lower sample 10, and the initial state is that the structural planes are coincident, adjust the left clamping assembly 331 and the right clamping assembly 332, and make the clamping plate 3326 clamp the upper sample 20;

[0052] Step two, preparation before testing: install an auxiliary measuring tool, start the oil source, the operation end 5, the computer software end 7 and the controller 6, and check whether there is an abnormality;

[0053] Step three, equipment trial operation: start the vertical vibration loader 31, set low-frequency vibration or pressure maintaining loading, check the running data, reset when the running is normal, lift the upper sample 20 by a small distance, so that the structural planes of the upper sample 20 and the lower sample 10 are separated, start the horizontal vibration loader 21, set low-frequency vibration and check the running data, reset when the running is normal, move the upper sample 20 downwards again, clamp the upper sample 20 by the clamping plate 3326 and have a certain pre-pressure;

[0054] Step four, test process: set vibration loading parameters through computer software end 7, set loading sequence, start test after loader networking, first vertical vibration loader 31 loading, vertical pressure loading or loading at a certain frequency can be carried out, then horizontal vibration loader 21 sets vibration loading, computer software end 7 displays real-time force-displacement-time-frequency related process curves and data;

[0055] Step five, reset and clean up: when the sample test curve is met, reset, stop horizontal vibration loader 21 first, then stop vertical vibration loader 31, save data and close oil source and controller 6, remove auxiliary detection equipment, take out the upper sample 20 after the clamping plate 3326 is loosened, loosen the pressing plate 242 and take down the limit seat 241, take out the lower sample 10, and clean up the sample fragments.

[0056] The advantages of the present application are:

[0057] I. The upper sample 20 is limited in direction, vertical vibration load can be applied, and the sample is prevented from tilting and deflecting, and the horizontal force generated by the upper sample 20 during horizontal vibration is obtained through the force sensor when the direction is limited;

[0058] II. The support frame 3321 and the support connecting rod 323 are installed on the four-column 322 structure frame to form a character-shaped structure to strengthen the overall rigidity of the support frame 32, and the height of the clamping part 33 is adjusted to meet the sample size, the sensor for measuring the mechanical parameters of the sample is installed on the support connecting rod 323, and the front and rear of the sample are open during the test process, so as to facilitate observation;

[0059] III. A horizontal vibration mechanical structure is proposed, which meets the large-stroke high-frequency reciprocating vibration of the sample and ensures a short transmission path;

[0060] IV. The limit and direction limiting motion can be adaptively adjusted for samples of different sizes.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be explained that in the description of the present application, the terms indicating the direction or position relationship are based on the direction or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or member must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0062] In the description of the application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "in this embodiment", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, mechanisms, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the description, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, mechanisms, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0063] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vibration-based test instrument for measuring the size effect of frictional characteristics of rock mass structural surfaces, characterized in that, It includes a worktable (1), a horizontal vibration loading device (2), a vertical vibration loading device (3), and a control system; The top of the workbench (1) is provided with a mounting base plate (11) and a shock-absorbing pad (12). The shock-absorbing pad (12) is located between the workbench (1) and the mounting base plate (11). The mounting base plate (11) provides support for the horizontal vibration loading device (2). The vertical vibration loading device (3) is installed on the workbench (1). The horizontal vibration loading device (2) includes a horizontal vibration loader (21), a horizontal vibration table (22), a horizontal guide rail (23), a limiting part (24), a horizontal force sensor (25), and a horizontal displacement sensor (26). The horizontal vibration table (22) is slidably mounted on the horizontal guide rail (23), and the horizontal guide rail (23) is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate (11). The horizontal vibration loader (21) is mounted on the mounting base plate (11) and is used to drive the horizontal vibration table (22) to move horizontally back and forth on the horizontal guide rail (23). The horizontal force sensor (25) is located between the horizontal vibration loader (21) and the horizontal vibration table (22). The limiting part (24) is mounted on the horizontal vibration table (22) and is used to fix the lower sample (10) on the table surface of the horizontal vibration table (22). The horizontal displacement sensor (26) is mounted on the mounting base plate (11) and is used to detect the horizontal displacement distance of the horizontal vibration table (22). The vertical vibration loading device (3) includes a vertical vibration loader (31), a support frame (32), a clamping part (33), a vertical guide part (34), and a vertical force sensor (35). The support frame (32) is fixed on the workbench (1). The clamping part (33) is installed on the support frame (32) and is used to clamp the upper sample (20) above the lower sample (10). The vertical guide part (34) is installed on the clamping part (33) and is used to provide vertical guidance for the upper sample (20). The vertical vibration loader (31) is installed on the support frame (32) and is used to drive the upper sample (20) to squeeze and load the lower sample (10). The vertical force sensor (35) is located on the vertical output end of the vertical vibration loader (31). The control system is used to control the operation of the horizontal vibration loading device (2) and the vertical vibration loading device (3) and output test data; The horizontal vibration loader (21) includes a motor (211), a screw (212), a nut (213), and two support seats (214). The two support seats (214) are fixedly connected to the mounting base plate (11) and spaced apart in the horizontal direction. The two ends of the screw (212) are rotatably mounted on the two support seats (214). The nut (213) is threaded onto the screw (212) and connected to the horizontal vibration table (22). The motor (211) is mounted on the mounting base plate (11). The output shaft of the motor (211) is connected to the screw (212) through a coupling (215). The horizontal vibration table (22) includes a loading plate (221), movable legs (222) and a traction plate (223). The movable legs (222) are four in number and fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading plate (221). The bottom of the four movable legs (222) is provided with a horizontal sliding block (224). The horizontal sliding block (224) is slidably connected to the horizontal guide rail (23). The traction plate (223) is fixedly set on the loading plate (221). The traction plate (223) is connected to the nut (213) through a horizontal force sensor (25). The limiting part (24) includes two limiting seats (241) provided on the carrier plate (221), the two limiting seats (241) are spaced apart, and each of the two limiting seats (241) is provided with a pressure plate (242) by screws. The two pressure plates (242) are used to squeeze and limit the lower sample (10). The support frame (32) includes a top plate (321) and four columns (322) at the bottom of the top plate (321). The four columns (322) are spaced apart around the circumference and fixedly connected to the workbench (1). A support rod (323) is provided between two adjacent columns (322). The clamping part (33) includes a left clamping assembly (331) and a right clamping assembly (332). The left clamping assembly (331) is mounted on two columns (322), and the right clamping assembly (332) is mounted on two other columns (322). The left clamping assembly (331) and the right clamping assembly (332) are arranged opposite to each other to clamp the upper sample (20). The right clamping assembly (332) includes a support frame (3321), a guide rod (3322), a threaded rod (3323), a moving plate (3324), a support plate (3325), and a clamping plate (3326). The support frame (3321) is vertically slidingly connected to the two columns. Between the columns (322), the threaded rod (3323) is horizontally screwed onto the support frame (3321), the movable plate (3324) is connected to the inner end of the threaded rod (3323), the outer end of the threaded rod (3323) is provided with a handwheel (3327), the guide rod (3322) is horizontally slidably disposed on the support frame (3321) and fixedly connected to the movable plate (3324), the support plate (3325) is connected to the side of the movable plate (3324) away from the threaded rod (3323), and the clamping plate (3326) is connected to the side of the support plate (3325) away from the movable plate (3324); The vertical guide (34) includes a vertical guide rail (341) and a vertical moving slider (342). The vertical guide rail (341) is fixedly connected to the support plate (3325), and the vertical moving slider (342) is slidably disposed on the vertical guide rail and fixedly connected to the clamping plate (3326).

2. The vibration-based rock mass structure surface friction characteristic size effect testing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping part (33) also includes a pressure sensor (333) for detecting the pressure of the clamping plate (3326), the pressure sensor (333) being connected between the moving plate (3324) and the support plate (3325).

3. The vibration-based rock mass structure surface friction characteristic size effect testing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical vibration loader (31) includes a vibration cylinder (311), a ball joint (312), and a vertical loading plate (313). The vibration cylinder (311) is fixedly installed on the top plate (321). The ball joint (312) is connected to the output end of the vibration cylinder (311). The vertical loading plate (313) is connected to the ball joint (312). The vertical force sensor (35) is provided between the ball joint (312) and the output end of the vibration cylinder (311).

4. The vibration-based rock mass structure surface friction characteristic size effect testing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system includes a power oil source (4), an operating terminal (5), a controller (6), and a computer software terminal (7). The power oil source (4) provides output power to the horizontal vibration loader (21) and the vertical vibration loader (31). The operating terminal (5), the controller (6), and the computer software terminal (7) provide control and interface operation for the test.

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