Wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver
By setting the microwave switch to switch the limiter and amplifier mode in the receiver, the problem that traditional receivers are difficult to switch to receive broadband and narrowband signals is solved, and signal reception and linear amplification are achieved with large dynamic range.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411814428.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
AI Technical Summary
Traditional receivers have difficulty in switching to receive broadband and narrowband pulse signals, and have a low dynamic range, which cannot guarantee the integrity and linear amplification status of the signal.
Design a wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver to switch the broadband mode of the limiter and low-noise amplifier and the narrowband mode of the limiter and fixed attenuator through microwave switches to ensure that the signal is in a linear working area in the receiving circuit.
Signal reception with a large dynamic range is realized, ensuring that wide pulse signals and narrow pulse signals are in a linear working state in the receiving circuit, avoiding signal distortion and loss.
Smart Images
Figure CN119881810A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present specification relates to the technical field of dynamic receivers, and in particular to a wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver. Background Art
[0002] In a bistatic radar with two separate transmitters and receivers, the detection equipment needs to receive high-power echo signals and conventional echo signals. The high-power echo signal is an extremely narrow pulse discontinuous continuous wave signal with a pulse width of nanoseconds, and the conventional echo signal is a wide pulse discontinuous continuous wave signal. In the detection equipment, the receiver is mainly used to receive the echo signal reflected by the radar target, and at the same time amplify, filter, and down-convert the echo signal to provide an intermediate frequency signal with good amplitude and phase consistency for the subsequent signal processor.
[0003] Currently, most receivers use superheterodyne design technology, and the receiving chain adopts double or triple down-conversion. It cannot guarantee the pulse envelope and signal integrity of the extremely narrow pulse after being processed by the receiving channel; and because the conventional wide pulse echo signal has a strong dynamic range and power, it cannot ensure that the entire receiving channel is in a linear amplification state. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of this specification is to provide a wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver, which can solve the problem that traditional receivers are difficult to switch to receive broadband and narrowband pulse signals and have a low dynamic range.
[0005] The embodiments of this specification are implemented as follows:
[0006] A wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver, comprising a limiter, a first microwave switch, a low-noise amplifier, a fixed attenuator, a second microwave switch and a post-stage circuit;
[0007] The output end of the limiter is connected to the input end of the first microwave switch, and the input end of the limiter is used to input a microwave signal; the output end of the first microwave switch is respectively connected to the input ends of the low-noise amplifier and the fixed attenuator, and the output ends of the low-noise amplifier and the fixed attenuator are respectively connected to the input end of the second microwave switch, and the output end of the second microwave switch is connected to the subsequent circuit;
[0008] The first microwave switch switches between a broadband receiving mode and a narrowband receiving mode according to a microwave signal input by the limiter. When the first microwave switch is in the broadband receiving mode, the limiter is connected to the low-noise amplifier; when the first microwave switch is in the narrowband receiving mode, the limiter is connected to the fixed attenuator.
[0009] The embodiments of this specification have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver switches the broadband mode of the limiter and the low-noise amplifier and the narrowband mode of the limiter and the fixed attenuator through the setting of a microwave switch. The broadband mode of the limiter and the low-noise amplifier can make the power of the input signal after amplification less than 6dBm, thereby ensuring that the wide pulse signal is in the linear working area of the receiving circuit, and the narrowband mode of the limiter and the fixed attenuator can make the power of the input signal after attenuation less than -14dBm, thereby ensuring that the high-power narrow pulse echo signal is in the linear working area of the receiving circuit, thereby enabling the above-mentioned receiver to receive signals in a large dynamic range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present specification and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0012] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a wide and narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver provided for this specification;
[0013] Figure 2 The frequency domain simulation results of the narrow pulse strong echo signal with input microwave signal power greater than -25dBm provided in this manual;
[0014] Figure 3 The frequency domain simulation results of the narrow pulse strong echo signal with an input microwave signal power of 15dBm provided in this manual;
[0015] Figure 4 The frequency domain simulation results of the wide pulse strong echo signal with an input microwave signal power of -25dBm provided in this manual;
[0016] Figure 5 The frequency domain simulation results of a wide pulse strong echo signal with an input microwave signal power of -125dBm provided in this manual. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this specification more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of this specification described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present specification provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present specification claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present specification. Based on the embodiments in the present specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present specification.
[0019] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.
[0020] In the description of the embodiments of this specification, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of this specification is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing this specification and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this specification. In addition, if the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. appear, they are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0021] In addition, the use of terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", and "overhanging" does not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
[0022] In the description of the embodiments of this specification, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the words "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this specification can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , a wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver provided by an embodiment of the present specification mainly includes a limiter, a first microwave switch, a low-noise amplifier, a fixed attenuator, a second microwave switch and a post-stage circuit;
[0024] The output end of the limiter is connected to the input end of the first microwave switch, and the input end of the limiter is used to input a microwave signal; the output end of the first microwave switch is respectively connected to the input ends of the low-noise amplifier and the fixed attenuator, and the output ends of the low-noise amplifier and the fixed attenuator are respectively connected to the input end of the second microwave switch, and the output end of the second microwave switch is connected to the subsequent circuit;
[0025] The first microwave switch switches between a broadband receiving mode and a narrowband receiving mode according to a microwave signal input by the limiter. When the first microwave switch is in the broadband receiving mode, the limiter is connected to the low-noise amplifier; when the first microwave switch is in the narrowband receiving mode, the limiter is connected to the fixed attenuator.
[0026] Specifically, the composite large dynamic receiver switches between the broadband mode of the limiter and the low noise amplifier and the narrowband mode of the limiter and the fixed attenuator by setting a microwave switch. The broadband mode of the limiter and the low noise amplifier can make the power of the input signal after amplification less than 6dBm, thereby ensuring that the wide pulse signal is in the linear working area of the receiving circuit, while the narrowband mode of the limiter and the fixed attenuator can make the power of the input signal after attenuation less than -14dBm, thereby ensuring that the high-power narrow pulse echo signal is in the linear working area of the receiving circuit, thereby enabling the receiver to receive signals in a large dynamic range.
[0027] In this embodiment, the high-power pulse limiter limits the microwave pulses passing through the limiter (ie, the input microwave signal) at a relatively low power level, thereby protecting the subsequent receiving circuit.
[0028] In this embodiment, the microwave switch can switch between the broadband mode and the narrowband mode mainly according to the synchronous wave gate signal. Specifically, the limiter can input the first wave gate signal, and the first microwave switch and the second microwave switch can simultaneously input the second wave gate signal. The limiter, the first microwave switch and the second microwave switch are synchronously controlled by the first wave gate signal and the second wave gate signal.
[0029] In this embodiment, the microwave switch is realized by connecting PIN tubes in series and parallel, that is, the switching of the microwave switch is realized by turning the PIN tubes on and off. Moreover, the insertion loss of the microwave switch is less than or equal to 1dB, the power it can withstand is greater than or equal to 30dBm, and when the power is off, the combined circuit and the branch circuit are disconnected, and the isolation can be greater than 15dB, so that the receiver has a high isolation.
[0030] In this embodiment, the low noise amplifier is used to increase the gain of the receiving channel of the above-mentioned receiver. The above-mentioned low noise amplifier can preferably be a HES388E low noise amplifier, so that the above-mentioned receiver has a stronger anti-burning performance.
[0031] Usually, setting a limiter and a microwave switch will deteriorate the noise coefficient of the system, thereby affecting the sensitivity of a conventional receiver. However, in this embodiment, the noise coefficient of the front-stage circuit of the above-mentioned receiver is about 4.0 dB, so that the receiver has a lower noise coefficient and high sensitivity.
[0032] In this embodiment, the first microwave switch switches between a broadband receiving mode and a narrowband receiving mode according to the power of the microwave signal input by the limiter;
[0033] If the power of the microwave signal is within the range of (-125dBm, -25dBm], the first microwave switch switches to the broadband receiving mode; if the power of the microwave signal is within the range of (-25dBm, 15dBm), the first microwave switch switches to the narrowband receiving mode.
[0034] In this embodiment, when the power of the input microwave signal is in the range of (-125dBm, -25dBm], the first microwave switch is switched to a broadband receiving mode in which the limiter and the low noise amplifier are connected, and the power of its output signal (the microwave signal input to the subsequent circuit) is less than 6dBm after amplification, which can ensure that the wide pulse signal is in the linear working area of the receiving circuit; and when the power of the input microwave signal is in the range of (-25dBm, 15dBm), the first microwave switch is switched to a narrowband receiving mode of the limiter and the fixed attenuator, and the power of its output signal after attenuation is less than -14dBm, which can ensure that the high-power narrow pulse echo signal is in the linear working area of the receiving circuit.
[0035] In this embodiment, the post-stage circuit includes a first branch and a second branch, the output end of the second microwave switch is connected to the first branch and the second branch respectively, when the first microwave switch is in a broadband receiving mode, the second microwave switch is in a connected state with the first branch, and the first branch can select a narrowband channel to amplify, filter and perform frequency conversion processing on the microwave signal; when the first microwave switch is in a narrowband receiving mode, the second microwave switch is in a connected state with the second branch, and the second branch can select a broadband channel to amplify, filter and perform frequency conversion processing on the Susou microwave signal.
[0036] In this embodiment, in the broadband receiving mode, the first branch can output a 330 MHz intermediate frequency signal, and in the narrowband receiving mode, the second branch can output a 5 MHz intermediate frequency signal.
[0037] In this embodiment, the first branch includes a first broadband amplifier, an LC bandpass filter, and a second broadband amplifier connected in sequence.
[0038] In this embodiment, the second branch includes a plurality of broadband amplifiers, an LC bandpass filter, a plurality of broadband mixers, a plurality of digitally controlled attenuators, and a plurality of narrowband filters.
[0039] In this embodiment, the digitally controlled attenuator is preferably a 6-bit attenuator with an attenuation of 31.5 dB, which is mainly used to achieve dynamic range expansion of the receiving channel and achieve -58.3 dBm output power. It is further preferred to select the HMC472ALP4E integrated digitally controlled attenuator.
[0040] In this embodiment, the broadband amplifier is preferably a HES364B broadband amplifier, which has the function of increasing the gain of the receiving channel.
[0041] In this embodiment, the LC bandpass filter can pass the high intermediate frequency signal with a mixed frequency of 330 MHz without loss, and suppress the out-of-band interference signal of 330 MHz±50 MHz by 60 dB.
[0042] In this embodiment, the narrowband filter is preferably a crystal filter, which can pass the intermediate frequency signal with a mixed frequency of B1MHz without loss, and suppress the out-of-band interference signal of B1MHz±13kHz by 70dB. Further, the narrowband filter can be preferably a LST28.0125-26k-G crystal filter.
[0043] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned broadband mixer is used for signal frequency shifting, that is, the input B1MHz high intermediate frequency signal is mixed with the first local oscillator signal through the first broadband mixer to output an intermediate frequency signal with a frequency of 28MHz, and then the input 28MHz intermediate frequency signal is mixed with the second local oscillator signal through the second broadband mixer to output an intermediate frequency signal with a frequency of B1MHz.
[0044] In this embodiment, the number of the broadband amplifiers is four, which are divided into a third broadband amplifier, a fourth broadband amplifier, a fifth broadband amplifier, and a sixth broadband amplifier; the number of the broadband mixers is two, which are divided into a first broadband mixer and a second broadband mixer; the number of the digitally controlled attenuators is two, which are divided into a first digitally controlled attenuator and a second digitally controlled attenuator;
[0045] The third wideband amplifier, the LC bandpass filter, the fourth wideband amplifier, the first wideband mixer, the first digital controlled attenuator, the 28 MHz narrowband filter, the fifth wideband amplifier, the second wideband mixer, the second digital controlled attenuator, the 5 MHz narrowband filter and the sixth wideband amplifier are connected in sequence to form the second branch. 7. The wide and narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 6, wherein the first wideband mixer and the second wideband mixer can respectively input a first intermediate frequency local oscillator signal and a second intermediate frequency local oscillator signal.
[0046] In this embodiment, the first digital controlled attenuator and the second digital controlled attenuator can respectively input attenuation signals.
[0047] In this embodiment, through the above setting method, when the receiver receives a wide pulse echo signal, under the control of the first gating signal and the second gating signal synchronously sent by the system, the first microwave switch switches to the wideband receiving mode of the limiter and the low noise amplifier, and the second microwave switch switches to the first branch, so that the receiving channel selects the narrowband channel to amplify, filter and frequency-convert the received microwave signal; when the receiver receives a narrow pulse echo signal, under the control of the first gating signal and the second gating signal synchronously sent by the system, the first microwave switch switches to the narrowband receiving mode of the limiter and the fixed attenuator, and the second microwave switch switches to the second branch, so that the receiving channel selects the wideband channel to amplify, filter and frequency-convert the input microwave signal, and at the same time, electromagnetic protection is performed on the narrow pulse microwave signal so that it is not damaged by the subsequent circuits of the second branch.
[0048] In this embodiment, in the narrowband receiving mode (i.e., the limiter and fixed attenuator mode), the receiver operates in a wideband mode with a bandwidth of 100 MHz and an intermediate frequency of B2 MHz, and can achieve a dynamic range of -25 dBm < Pin ≤ 15 dBm; in the wideband receiving mode (i.e., the limiter and low noise amplifier mode), the receiver operates in a narrowband mode with a bandwidth of 26 kHz and an intermediate frequency of B1 MHz, and can achieve a dynamic range of -125 dBm ≤ Pin ≤ -25 dBm, and the noise figure is not greater than 4 dB.
[0049] In this embodiment, the reception of the narrow pulse echo signal by the above receiver is illustrated by the following example:
[0050] Perform envelope simulation analysis on the narrow pulse echo signal. By setting different numbers of sampling points N1, rise time t1, fall time t2, and pulse width b1, when the input power P1 is greater than 25 dBm, the time-domain envelope waveform simulation after the entire link output is as Figure 2As shown in Figure 2, it can be seen that the waveform of the microwave signal after passing through the entire link does not undergo significant changes or oscillations; when the input power P2 = 15dBm, the time domain envelope waveform simulation after the entire link output is as follows Figure 3 As shown, it can be seen that the waveform of the microwave signal after passing through the entire link does not undergo obvious changes or oscillations.
[0051] In this embodiment, the reception of the wide pulse echo signal by the above receiver is described by the following example:
[0052] Perform harmonic simulation analysis on the wide pulse echo signal. When the input power P3 = -25dBm, the harmonic distribution simulation of the signal output is as follows Figure 4 As shown in Figure 1, it can be seen that after the wide pulse echo signal passes through the entire link, its harmonics will not affect the frequency conversion signal. When the input power P4 = -125dBm, the harmonic distribution simulation of the microwave signal output is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it can be seen that after the wide pulse echo signal passes through the entire link, its harmonics will not affect the wide pulse signal.
[0053] The above are only preferred embodiments of this specification and are not intended to limit this specification. For those skilled in the art, this specification may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this specification shall be included in the protection scope of this specification.
Claims
1. A wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver, characterized in that: It includes a limiter, a first microwave switch, a low noise amplifier, a fixed attenuator, a second microwave switch and a subsequent circuit; The output end of the limiter is connected to the input end of the first microwave switch, and the input end of the limiter is used to input a microwave signal; The output end of the first microwave switch is connected to the input end of the low noise amplifier and the fixed attenuator respectively, the output end of the low noise amplifier and the fixed attenuator are connected to the input end of the second microwave switch respectively, and the output end of the second microwave switch is connected to the subsequent circuit; The first microwave switch switches between a broadband receiving mode and a narrowband receiving mode according to a microwave signal input by the limiter. When the first microwave switch is in the broadband receiving mode, the limiter is connected to the low-noise amplifier; when the first microwave switch is in the narrowband receiving mode, the limiter is connected to the fixed attenuator.
2. The wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first microwave switch switches between a broadband receiving mode and a narrowband receiving mode according to the power of the microwave signal input by the limiter; If the power of the microwave signal is within the range of (-125dBm, -25dBm], the first microwave switch switches to the broadband receiving mode; If the power of the microwave signal is within the range of (-25dBm, 15dBm), the first microwave switch is switched to the narrowband receiving mode.
3. The wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The post-stage circuit includes a first branch and a second branch, the output end of the second microwave switch is connected to the first branch and the second branch respectively, when the first microwave switch is in a broadband receiving mode, the second microwave switch is in a connected state with the first branch, and the first branch can select a narrowband channel to amplify, filter and frequency-convert the microwave signal; When the first microwave switch is in a narrowband receiving mode, the second microwave switch and the second branch are in a connected state, and the second branch can select a broadband channel to amplify, filter and frequency-convert the Susou microwave signal.
4. The wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first branch includes a first broadband amplifier, an LC bandpass filter and a second broadband amplifier connected in sequence.
5. The wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second branch includes a plurality of broadband amplifiers, an LC bandpass filter, a plurality of broadband mixers, a plurality of digitally controlled attenuators, and a plurality of narrowband filters.
6. The wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the broadband amplifiers is four, which are divided into a third broadband amplifier, a fourth broadband amplifier, a fifth broadband amplifier, and a sixth broadband amplifier; the number of the broadband mixers is two, which are divided into a first broadband mixer and a second broadband mixer; the number of the digitally controlled attenuators is two, which are divided into a first digitally controlled attenuator and a second digitally controlled attenuator; The third broadband amplifier, the LC bandpass filter, the fourth broadband amplifier, the first broadband mixer, the first digitally controlled attenuator, the 28MHz narrowband filter, the fifth broadband amplifier, the second broadband mixer, the second digitally controlled attenuator, the 5MHz narrowband filter and the sixth broadband amplifier are connected in sequence to form the second branch.
7. The wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first wideband mixer and the second wideband mixer can input a first intermediate frequency local oscillator signal and a second intermediate frequency local oscillator signal respectively.
8. The wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first digitally controlled attenuator and the second digitally controlled attenuator can input attenuation signals respectively.
9. The wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiter can input a first wave gate signal, and the first microwave switch and the second microwave switch can simultaneously input a second wave gate signal.
10. The wide-narrow pulse composite large dynamic receiver according to claim 9, characterized in that: The limiter, the first microwave switch and the second microwave switch are synchronously controlled by the first wave gate signal and the second wave gate signal.