A method for active measurement of gauge functions in a small scale range

Abstract

A method for actively measuring a gauge function in a small-scale range includes the following steps: determining a detonation point of an explosive blast within the small-scale range to be monitored, installing shock wave monitoring stations at different distances from the detonation point, and accurately recording the spatial distances between the detonation point and each monitoring station; actively exciting a vibration waveform through a blasting operation, and recording the shock wave signals received by each monitoring station; calculating the magnitude of the blasting event using a monitoring station with a larger epicenter distance, and inversely calculating the corresponding standard gauge function for the monitoring station in the small-scale range; and obtaining a calculation formula for the gauge function in the small-scale range through numerical fitting of the gauge function and the epicenter distance. The present invention significantly reduces the error in magnitude calculation in the small-scale range, improves the accuracy and reliability of the magnitude calculation results, meets the magnitude calculation requirements in a small-scale range with an epicenter distance of less than 5 km, and has high reliability and strong applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an active measurement method for a small-scale gauge function, belonging to the technical field of mine engineering safety monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Magnitude is a physical quantity that characterizes the intensity of an earthquake. Generally speaking, the higher the magnitude of an earthquake, the more severe the damage it causes. Therefore, magnitude has become a key indicator for earthquake emergency response, earthquake rescue, and disaster loss assessment. It is also closely related to research in multiple fields, including earthquake statistical analysis, seismic wave stress assessment, source physics research, earthquake intensity determination, and the study of earthquake precursor phenomena.

[0003] With the development of monitoring technology, real-time earthquake monitoring is becoming increasingly widely used in areas such as coal mines, tunnels, and dams. Through in-depth analysis of regional (micro)seismic activity, corresponding measures can be taken to prevent disasters that may be induced by seismic activity. The current national standard specifies a gauge function with an interval correction value every 5 km, but this method is not well applicable at small scales. For example, within coal mining production activities, the epicenter distance is often less than 5 km, resulting in the existing local magnitude gauge function being unable to meet the magnitude calculation requirements at this small scale. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a small-scale range active measurement method for gauge functions, which can meet the magnitude calculation requirements in a small-scale range with an epicenter distance of less than 5 km and has high reliability and strong applicability.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for actively measuring a gauge function in a small scale range, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Determine the detonation point of an explosive blast within the small-scale area to be monitored, install shock wave monitoring stations at different distances from the detonation point, and accurately record the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station;

[0007] S2, actively stimulate vibration waveforms through blasting operations and record the vibration wave signals received by each monitoring station;

[0008] S3. Use monitoring stations with a larger distance from the epicenter to calculate the magnitude of the explosion event, and inversely calculate the standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring stations within a small scale range;

[0009] S4. Through numerical fitting of the gauge function and epicenter distance, the calculation formula of the gauge function in the small scale range is obtained.

[0010] Furthermore, the small-scale range of S1 refers to the distance from the epicenter of the earthquake source to the monitoring station within 0-5 km, where the gauge function values ​​corresponding to different epicenter distances are called small-scale gauge functions; the relationship between the gauge function and the epicenter distance is expressed as:

[0011] R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b;

[0012] Where R(Δ) is the gauge function, Δ is the epicentral distance, and a and b are combination coefficients;

[0013] The above-mentioned shock wave monitoring stations are installed at different distances from the detonation point. The specific arrangement of the monitoring stations is as follows: the monitoring stations are arranged from 300-500m away from the detonation point, and are arranged at equal ratios to the distances from the epicenter. The ratio is q = 1.5-1.8, ensuring that there are at least 6 monitoring stations within the small-scale range of 0-5 km from the epicenter, at least 2 monitoring stations within the range of 5-10 km from the epicenter, and at least 1 monitoring station within the range greater than 10 km from the epicenter; the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station, namely the epicenter distance Δ, is obtained by direct measurement or calculation with reference to the coordinate position.

[0014] Furthermore, the shock wave signal generated by the explosives used in the blasting operation in S2 can be clearly recorded by the monitoring station that is arranged at the farthest distance; after receiving the shock wave signal, each monitoring station directly records or converts and calculates the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave.

[0015] Furthermore, in S3, the magnitude of the explosion event is calculated using the monitoring stations with a larger distance from the epicenter. The specific method is: after calculating the magnitude of each monitoring station, the sum is taken as the average value as the magnitude result of the explosion event. The calculation formula is:

[0016]

[0017] M Li =lgA i +R i (Δ i );

[0018] Where M L is the local magnitude of the earthquake event, M Li The magnitude calculated by the i-th station, n is the number of stations with a distance of at least 5 km from the epicenter, A i is the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded at the i-th station, Δ i is the epicenter distance of the i-th station, R i (Δ i ) is the gauge function corresponding to the i-th station, and its value is based on the gauge function table in the national standard;

[0019] The standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station in the small scale range is obtained by inverse calculation. The specific method is: using the magnitude M L The formula for back-calculating the gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station within the small scale range is:

[0020] R j (Δ j )=M L -lgA j ;

[0021] Where R j (Δ j ) is the gauge function value corresponding to the jth station among the m stations in the small scale range, A j The maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded for the jth station.

[0022] Furthermore, the numerical fitting of the gauge function in S4 and the epicenter distance refers to obtaining a and b using the linear least squares method, and the specific formula is:

[0023]

[0024] According to the small-scale range gauge function calculation formula R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b, the gauge function R(Δ) corresponding to the monitoring station with any epicenter distance Δ in the small scale is obtained.

[0025] The present invention utilizes blasting operations and arranges small-scale and long-distance monitoring stations to record vibration waveforms. The magnitude is first calculated according to national standards by a monitoring station farther from the epicenter. Then, the gauge function value of the small-scale range is obtained by reverse calculation. The relationship is then fitted with the epicenter distance to obtain the gauge function calculation formula within the small-scale range. The present invention solves the problem that the gauge function value is not accurate enough in the local magnitude calculation process within the small-scale range under the current standards. Through the active measurement of the gauge function, the error of the small-scale magnitude calculation is greatly reduced, the accuracy and reliability of the magnitude calculation result are improved, and the magnitude calculation requirement under the small-scale range with an epicenter distance of less than 5km is met. It has high reliability and strong applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a workflow diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic plan view of the arrangement of blasting locations and monitoring stations of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of fitting the functional expression of the gauge function and the epicenter distance of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for actively measuring a gauge function in a small scale range includes the following steps:

[0031] S1. Determine the detonation point of an explosive blast within the small-scale area to be monitored, install shock wave monitoring stations at different distances from the detonation point, and accurately record the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station;

[0032] S2, actively stimulate vibration waveforms through blasting operations and record the vibration wave signals received by each monitoring station;

[0033] S3. Use monitoring stations with a larger distance from the epicenter to calculate the magnitude of the explosion event, and inversely calculate the standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring stations within a small scale range;

[0034] S4. Through numerical fitting of the gauge function and epicenter distance, the calculation formula of the gauge function in the small scale range is obtained.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, the small-scale range of S1 refers to the distance from the epicenter of the earthquake source to the monitoring station within 0-5 km, where the gauge function values ​​corresponding to different epicenter distances are called small-scale gauge functions; the relationship between the gauge function and the epicenter distance is expressed as:

[0036] R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b;

[0037] Where R(Δ) is the gauge function, Δ is the epicentral distance, and a and b are combination coefficients;

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the shock wave monitoring stations are installed at different distances from the detonation point. The specific arrangement of the monitoring stations is as follows: the monitoring stations are arranged from 300-500m away from the detonation point, and are arranged at equal ratios to the long distances. The ratio is q = 1.5-1.8, ensuring that there are at least 6 monitoring stations within the small-scale range of 0-5 km from the epicenter, at least 2 monitoring stations within the range of 5-10 km from the epicenter, and at least 1 monitoring station within the range greater than 10 km from the epicenter; the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station, namely the epicenter distance Δ, is obtained by direct measurement or calculation with reference to the coordinate position.

[0039] To ensure effective monitoring by each monitoring station, the shock wave signal generated by the explosives during blasting operations must be clearly recorded by the monitoring station that is farthest away. After receiving the shock wave signal, each monitoring station directly records or converts and calculates the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the magnitude of the explosion event is calculated using monitoring stations that are farther away from the epicenter. The specific method is: after calculating the magnitude of each monitoring station, the sum is taken as the average value as the magnitude result of the explosion event. The calculation formula is:

[0041]

[0042] M Li =lgA i +R i (Δ i );

[0043] Where M L is the local magnitude of the earthquake event, M Li The magnitude calculated by the i-th station, n is the number of stations with a distance of at least 5 km from the epicenter, A i is the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded at the i-th station, Δ i is the epicenter distance of the i-th station, R i (Δ i ) is the gauge function corresponding to the i-th station, and its value is based on the gauge function table in the national standard;

[0044] The standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station in the small scale range is obtained by inverse calculation. The specific method is: using the magnitude M L The formula for back-calculating the gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station within the small scale range is:

[0045] R j 9Δ j )=M L -lgA j ;

[0046] Where R j (Δ j ) is the gauge function value corresponding to the jth station among the m stations in the small scale range, A j The maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded for the jth station.

[0047] The numerical fitting of the gauge function and the epicenter distance refers to obtaining a and b using the linear least squares method. The specific formula is:

[0048]

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, according to the small-scale range gauge function calculation formula R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b, the gauge function R(Δ) corresponding to the monitoring station with any epicenter distance Δ in the small scale is obtained.

Claims

1. A method for actively measuring gauge functions in a small scale range, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Determine the detonation point of an explosive blast within the small-scale area to be monitored, install shock wave monitoring stations at different distances from the detonation point, and accurately record the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station; S2, actively stimulate vibration waveforms through blasting operations and record the vibration wave signals received by each monitoring station; S3. Use monitoring stations with a larger distance from the epicenter to calculate the magnitude of the explosion event, and inversely calculate the standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring stations within a small scale range; S4. By numerically fitting the gauge function with the epicenter distance, the calculation formula of the gauge function in the small scale range is obtained; The small-scale range of S1 refers to the distance from the epicenter of the earthquake source to the monitoring station within 0-5 km. The gauge function values ​​corresponding to different epicenter distances are called small-scale gauge functions. The relationship between the gauge function and the epicenter distance is expressed as follows: ； Where, is the gauge function, is the epicenter distance, a and b is the combination coefficient; The above-mentioned shock wave monitoring stations are installed at different distances from the detonation point. The specific arrangement of the monitoring stations is as follows: the monitoring stations are arranged from 300-500m away from the detonation point, and are arranged at equal ratios to the distances from the epicenter. The ratio is q =1.5-1.8, ensuring that there are at least 6 monitoring stations within the small-scale range of 0-5 km from the epicenter, at least 2 monitoring stations within the range of 5-10 km from the epicenter, and at least 1 monitoring station within the range greater than 10 km from the epicenter; the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station is the epicenter distance , obtained by direct measurement or calculation with reference to coordinate positions; The shock wave signal generated by the explosives used in the blasting operation in S2 is clearly recorded by the monitoring station located farthest away; after receiving the shock wave signal, each monitoring station directly records or converts and calculates the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave; In S3, the magnitude of the blasting event is calculated using the monitoring station with the largest epicenter distance. The specific method is: after calculating the magnitude of each monitoring station, the sum is taken as the average value as the magnitude result of the blasting event. The calculation formula is: ； ； Where, is the local magnitude of the earthquake event, For the i The magnitude calculated for each station is n is the number of stations with a distance of at least 5 km from the epicenter, For the i The maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded by each station, For the i The epicentral distance of each station, For the i The gauge function corresponding to each station is based on the gauge function table in the national standard; The standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station in the small scale range is obtained by inverse calculation. The specific method is: using the magnitude The formula for back-calculating the gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station within the small scale range is: ； Where, In the small scale range m Among the stations j The gauge function value corresponding to each station is For the j The maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded by each station; The numerical fitting of the gauge function in S4 and the epicenter distance is obtained by using the linear least squares method. a and b , the specific formula is: ； According to the calculation formula of the gauge function in the small scale range , we can get any epicentral distance at small scale The gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station .

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