Broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with parasitic patch

Abstract

The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna comprises an upper layer metal patch, an upper layer dielectric substrate, a middle layer metal patch, a lower layer dielectric substrate and a lower layer metal patch which are arranged from top to bottom, and the upper layer metal patch comprises a left column rectangular metal sheet, a right column rectangular metal sheet and a middle part metal sheet. The middle metal sheet comprises a middle rectangular metal sheet, a left upper metal sheet, a right lower metal sheet, a right upper metal sheet and a left lower metal sheet, two triangles are cut off from the left upper metal sheet and the right lower metal sheet respectively, and the right upper metal sheet and the left lower metal sheet are both in irregular fish shapes; a thirteenth metal through hole is formed in the lower position of the middle rectangular metal sheet; the left upper metal sheet, the right lower metal sheet, the right upper metal sheet and the left lower metal sheet are respectively provided with three metal through holes The middle-layer metal patch is flatly laid on the lower-layer dielectric substrate; the lower-layer dielectric substrate is connected with the middle-layer metal patch and the lower-layer metal patch; and the lower metal patch is connected with the feed port through a microstrip line. The antenna has the advantages of high gain, low profile and wide axial ratio frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antennas, in particular to a broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization and development of the fifth generation mobile communication (5G) technology, circularly polarized antennas are widely used in communication systems, especially satellite positioning navigation and mobile communication systems, due to their unique characteristics, such as being able to overcome distortion loss and stable received signal strength for different wave directions. However, although traditional patch antennas have the advantages of low profile, small size, low cost, easy manufacturing and integration into RF circuits, they have limited bandwidth and have problems such as large cross-polarization, unstable pattern gain within the frequency band, and drastic changes in beam shape.

[0003] In order to solve these problems, researchers began to explore new antenna design technologies. Among them, broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antennas loaded with parasitic patches have become an important research direction. By loading additional patch units on the antenna structure, the electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna can be adjusted to expand the bandwidth and improve the circular polarization performance. This antenna combines the advantages of electric dipoles and magnetic dipoles. Through reasonable structural design, it can achieve the same radiation pattern in two polarization planes, thereby obtaining stable and excellent circularly polarized radiation characteristics. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch which has a simple structure and is easy to realize. The antenna has a low profile, a wide communication frequency band, and a wide circular polarization frequency band.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch, comprising an upper metal patch, an upper dielectric substrate, an intermediate metal patch, a lower dielectric substrate, and a lower metal patch arranged from top to bottom, wherein:

[0006] The upper metal patch includes a left-row rectangular metal patch, a right-row rectangular metal patch and a middle-part metal patch, wherein the middle-part metal patch includes a middle rectangular metal patch, an upper left metal patch, a lower right metal patch, an upper right metal patch and a lower left metal patch, two triangles are cut off from the upper left metal patch and the lower right metal patch respectively, and the upper right metal patch and the lower left metal patch are both irregular fish-shaped; a thirteenth metal through hole is provided at the lower position of the middle rectangular metal sheet, penetrating the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate, connecting the upper metal patch, the middle metal patch and the lower metal patch; the upper left metal sheet, the lower right metal sheet, the upper right metal sheet and the lower left metal sheet are respectively provided with three metal through holes, penetrating the upper dielectric substrate, connecting the upper metal patch and the middle metal patch;

[0007] The intermediate metal patch is spread over the entire upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate;

[0008] The lower dielectric substrate is connected to the middle metal patch and the lower metal patch;

[0009] The lower metal patch is connected to the feeding port by a concave microstrip line.

[0010] Furthermore, a cross-shaped gap is arranged between the upper left metal sheet, the lower right metal sheet, the upper right metal sheet and the lower left metal sheet in a horizontal and vertical direction, and the middle rectangular metal sheet is arranged in the vertical gap.

[0011] Furthermore, the structures and sizes of the rectangular metal sheets in the left column and the rectangular metal sheets in the right column are the same, and the structures and sizes of the upper left metal sheet and the lower right metal sheet are the same.

[0012] Further, the left column of rectangular metal sheets includes the first horizontal rectangular metal sheet on the left to the eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheet on the left, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the first vertical rectangular metal sheet on the lower left;

[0013] The right column of rectangular metal sheets includes the first right horizontal rectangular metal sheet to the eighth right horizontal rectangular metal sheet arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the second vertical rectangular metal sheet on the upper right.

[0014] Furthermore, the main body of the upper left metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, a first triangle is cut off from the upper left corner of the rectangular metal sheet, and a second triangle is cut off from the lower right corner; a first metal through hole, a second metal through hole, and a third metal through hole are respectively formed at the lower right corner, the upper right corner, and the lower left corner of the upper left metal sheet;

[0015] The main body of the lower right metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, the third triangle is cut off from the lower right corner of the rectangular metal sheet, and the fourth triangle is cut off from the upper left corner; the fourth metal through hole, the fifth metal through hole, and the sixth metal through hole are respectively opened at the upper left corner, the lower left corner, and the upper right corner of the lower right metal sheet;

[0016] The first to sixth metal through holes penetrate the upper dielectric substrate and connect the upper metal patch and the middle metal patch.

[0017] Further, the main body of the upper right metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, the lower left corner of the rectangular metal sheet is cut off to form a first trapezoid, the upper right corner is loaded with a first irregular metal sheet, the upper left corner is cut off to form a first rectangle, and the upper left corner is loaded with a second rectangular metal sheet; the lower left corner, the lower right corner and the upper left corner of the upper right metal sheet are respectively provided with a seventh metal through hole, an eighth metal through hole and a ninth metal through hole;

[0018] The main body of the lower left metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, a second trapezoid is cut off from the upper right corner of the rectangular metal sheet, a second irregular metal sheet is loaded on the lower left corner, a third rectangle is cut off from the lower right corner, and a fourth rectangular metal sheet is loaded on the lower right corner; the tenth metal through hole, the eleventh metal through hole, and the twelfth metal through hole are respectively opened at the upper right corner, the upper left corner, and the lower right corner of the lower left metal sheet;

[0019] The seventh to twelfth metal through holes penetrate the upper dielectric substrate and connect the upper metal patch and the middle metal patch.

[0020] Further, the first to twelfth metal through holes penetrate the intermediate layer metal patch to form first to twelfth circular gaps;

[0021] The intermediate layer metal patch etches a thirteenth circular gap at the positive projection position of the thirteenth metal through hole, the radius of the thirteenth circular gap is greater than the radius of the thirteenth metal through hole, and the thirteenth circular gap and the thirteenth metal through hole have the same center;

[0022] The center of the thirteenth circular gap is located at a position offset downward by a set distance from the intersection of the horizontal center line and the vertical center line of the middle layer metal patch.

[0023] Furthermore, energy is input through the feeding port, transmitted through the microstrip line, and transmitted through the thirteenth metal through hole through the thirteenth circular gap to the upper metal patch to radiate outward. The middle metal patch serves as the ground of the antenna, and the feed line is located at the lower metal patch.

[0024] Furthermore, the size of the upper metal patch is determined according to the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Where f0 is the center frequency of the antenna, c is the speed of light, a is the length of the upper metal patch, h is the thickness of the upper and lower dielectric substrates, and ε r is the relative permittivity of the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate.

[0027] Furthermore, the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate is 1.57 mm, the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate is 0.254 mm, and the overall height of the antenna is 1.824 mm.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) low profile, low power consumption, and easy integration; (2) circular polarization characteristics are achieved by cutting off multiple rectangular and triangular patches from the upper metal patch and loading multiple rectangular and irregular patches, and the structure is simple; (3) "concave" microstrip line transmission is adopted, and the metal through hole passes through the circular gap to couple to the upper metal patch for feeding, so as to obtain a wider impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1a is a side view of a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch.

[0030] Figure 1b It is the circuit diagram of the upper metal patch of a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch.

[0031] Figure 1c It is a top view of the upper dielectric layer substrate of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch.

[0032] Figure 1d It is the circuit diagram of the middle layer metal patch of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with parasitic patches.

[0033] Figure 1e It is the circuit diagram of the lower metal patch of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with parasitic patches.

[0034] Figure 2 It is the S11 curve of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with parasitic patches.

[0035] Figure 3 It is the gain curve of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with parasitic patches.

[0036] Figure 4 is the axial ratio curve of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with parasitic patches.

[0037] Figure 5 It is the radiation pattern of the broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna loaded with parasitic patches at 28 GHz. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch of the present invention has a lower profile. In order to make the antenna performance more stable, a "concave" microstrip line and a metal through hole connecting the microstrip line are used to feed through a circular gap so that the antenna has a wider impedance bandwidth. The twelve metal through holes symmetrically distributed in the upper medium make the antenna have a wider axial ratio frequency band.

[0039] 1 , the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch of the present invention includes an upper metal patch 1, an upper dielectric substrate 4, an intermediate metal patch 2, a lower dielectric substrate 5, and a lower metal patch 3 arranged from top to bottom, wherein:

[0040] The upper metal patch 1 includes a left-row rectangular metal sheet 11, a right-row rectangular metal sheet 12 and a middle-part metal sheet, wherein the middle-part metal sheet includes a middle rectangular metal sheet 17, an upper left metal sheet 13, a lower right metal sheet 14, an upper right metal sheet 15 and a lower left metal sheet 16, the upper left metal sheet 13 and the lower right metal sheet 14 are respectively cut with two triangles, and the upper right metal sheet 15 and the lower left metal sheet 16 are both irregular fish-shaped; the middle rectangular metal sheet 17 is provided with a thirteenth metal through hole 171 at the lower position, which penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 4 and the lower dielectric substrate 5, and connects the upper metal patch 1, the middle metal patch 2 and the lower metal patch 3; the upper left metal sheet 13, the lower right metal sheet 14, the upper right metal sheet 15 and the lower left metal sheet 16 are respectively provided with three metal through holes, which penetrate the upper dielectric substrate 4 and connect the upper metal patch 1 and the middle metal patch 2;

[0041] The middle layer metal patch 2 is spread over the entire upper surface of the lower layer dielectric substrate 5;

[0042] The lower dielectric substrate 5 is connected to the middle metal patch 2 and the lower metal patch 3;

[0043] The lower metal patch 3 is connected to the feeding port 32 by a concave microstrip line 31 .

[0044] As a specific example, a cross-shaped gap is arranged between the upper left metal sheet 13, the lower right metal sheet 14, the upper right metal sheet 15 and the lower left metal sheet 16 in a horizontal and vertical direction, and the middle rectangular metal sheet 17 is arranged in the vertical gap.

[0045] As a specific example, the left column rectangular metal sheets 11 and the right column rectangular metal sheets 12 have the same structure and size, and the upper left metal sheet 13 and the lower right metal sheet 14 have the same structure and size.

[0046] As a specific example, the left column of rectangular metal sheets 11 includes left first horizontal rectangular metal sheet to left eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a first vertical rectangular metal sheet 119 at the bottom left;

[0047] The right column of rectangular metal sheets 12 includes right first to right eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 arranged sequentially from bottom to top, and a second vertical rectangular metal sheet 129 at the upper right.

[0048] As a specific example, the main body of the upper left metal sheet 13 is a rectangular metal sheet, the upper left corner of the rectangular metal sheet is cut off to form a first triangle 131, and the lower right corner is cut off to form a second triangle 132; the lower right corner, the upper right corner and the lower left corner of the upper left metal sheet 13 are respectively provided with a first metal through hole 133, a second metal through hole 134 and a third metal through hole 135;

[0049] The main body of the lower right metal sheet 14 is a rectangular metal sheet, a third triangle 141 is cut off from the lower right corner of the rectangular metal sheet, and a fourth triangle 142 is cut off from the upper left corner; a fourth metal through hole 143, a fifth metal through hole 144, and a sixth metal through hole 145 are respectively opened at the upper left corner, the lower left corner, and the upper right corner of the lower right metal sheet 14;

[0050] The first to sixth metal through holes 133 , 134 , 135 , 143 , 144 , 145 penetrate the upper dielectric substrate 4 and connect the upper metal patch 1 and the middle metal patch 2 .

[0051] As a specific example, the main body of the upper right metal sheet 15 is a rectangular metal sheet, the lower left corner of the rectangular metal sheet is cut off to form a first trapezoid 151, the upper right corner is loaded with a first irregular metal sheet 152, the upper left corner is cut off to form a first rectangle 153, and the upper left corner is loaded with a second rectangular metal sheet 154; the lower left corner, the lower right corner and the upper left corner of the upper right metal sheet 15 are respectively provided with a seventh metal through hole 155, an eighth metal through hole 156 and a ninth metal through hole 157;

[0052] The main body of the lower left metal sheet 16 is a rectangular metal sheet, a second trapezoid 161 is cut off from the upper right corner of the rectangular metal sheet, a second irregular metal sheet 162 is loaded on the lower left corner, a third rectangle 163 is cut off from the lower right corner, and a fourth rectangular metal sheet 164 is loaded on the lower right corner; the upper right corner, the upper left corner and the lower right corner of the lower left metal sheet 16 are respectively provided with a tenth metal through hole 165, an eleventh metal through hole 166 and a twelfth metal through hole 167;

[0053] The seventh to twelfth metal through holes 155 , 156 , 157 , 165 , 166 , 167 penetrate the upper dielectric substrate 4 and connect the upper metal patch 1 and the middle metal patch 2 .

[0054] As a specific example, the first to twelfth metal through holes 133, 134, 135, 143, 144, 145, 155, 156, 157, 165, 166, 167 penetrate the middle layer metal patch 2 to form first to twelfth circular gaps 133, 134, 135, 143, 144, 145, 155, 156, 157, 165, 166, 167;

[0055] The intermediate layer metal patch 2 etches a thirteenth circular slit 21 at the positive projection position of the thirteenth metal through hole 171, the radius of the thirteenth circular slit 21 is greater than the radius of the thirteenth metal through hole 171, and the thirteenth circular slit 21 and the thirteenth metal through hole 171 have the same center;

[0056] The center of the thirteenth circular gap 21 is located at a position offset downward by a set distance 24 from the intersection of the horizontal center line 22 and the vertical center line 23 of the intermediate metal patch 2 .

[0057] As a specific example, the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch, energy is input through the feeding port 32, transmitted through the microstrip line 31, transmitted through the thirteenth metal through hole 171 through the thirteenth circular gap 21 to the upper metal patch 1 to radiate outward, the middle metal patch 2 serves as the ground of the antenna, and the feed line is located at the lower metal patch 3.

[0058] As a specific example, the size of the upper metal patch 1 is determined according to the following formula:

[0059]

[0060] Where f0 is the center frequency of the antenna, c is the speed of light, a is the length of the upper metal patch 1, h is the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate 4 and the lower dielectric substrate 5, ε r is the relative permittivity of the upper dielectric substrate 4 and the lower dielectric substrate 5.

[0061] As a specific example, in the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch, the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate 4 is 1.57 mm, the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate 5 is 0.254 mm, and the overall height of the antenna is 1.824 mm.

[0062] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0063] Example

[0064] 1 , the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch of the present invention comprises an upper metal patch 1, an upper dielectric substrate 4, an intermediate metal patch 2, a lower dielectric substrate 5, and a lower metal patch 3;

[0065] The upper metal patch 1 is composed of seven parts: a left rectangular metal sheet 11, a right rectangular metal sheet 12, an upper left metal sheet 13, a lower right metal sheet 14, an upper right metal sheet 15, a lower left metal sheet 16, and a middle rectangular metal sheet 17;

[0066] The left-row rectangular metal sheets 11 and the right-row rectangular metal sheets 12 have the same structure and size. Take the left-row rectangular metal sheets 11 as an example: the main body is rectangular, and the metal sheets are the first horizontal rectangular metal sheet on the left to the eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118 and a first vertical rectangular metal sheet 119. The metal sheet structures and sizes of the first horizontal rectangular metal sheet on the left to the eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118 are the same, and the metal sheet structures of the first horizontal rectangular metal sheet on the left to the eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118 and the first vertical rectangular metal sheet 119 are similar but slightly different in size;

[0067] The upper left metal sheet 13 and the lower right metal sheet 14 have the same structure and size. Take the upper left metal sheet 13 as an example: the main body is a rectangle, and two metal sheets of different sizes, a first triangle 131 and a second triangle 132, are cut out;

[0068] The upper right metal sheet 15 and the lower left metal sheet 16 have similar structures but slightly different sizes. Take the upper right metal sheet 15 as an example: the main body is a rectangle, the lower left corner of the rectangular metal sheet is cut off to form a first trapezoid 151, the upper right corner is loaded with a first irregular metal sheet 152, the upper left corner is cut off to form a first rectangle 153, and the upper left corner is loaded with a second rectangular metal sheet 154;

[0069] The middle rectangular metal sheet 17 is a rectangular metal sheet; the lower right corner, upper right corner and lower left corner of the upper left metal sheet 13 in the middle part of the upper metal patch 1 are provided with a first metal through hole 133, a second metal through hole 134 and a third metal through hole 135, the upper right corner, upper left corner and lower right corner of the lower left metal sheet 16 are provided with a tenth metal through hole 165, an eleventh metal through hole 166 and a twelfth metal through hole 167, the upper left corner, lower left corner and upper right corner of the lower right metal sheet 14 are provided with a fourth metal through hole 143, a fifth metal through hole 144 and a sixth metal through hole 145, the lower left corner, lower right corner and upper left corner of the upper right metal sheet 15 are provided with a seventh metal through hole 155, an eighth metal through hole 156 and a twelfth metal through hole 167. Nine metal through holes 157, a thirteenth metal through hole 171 is provided at the lower position of the middle metal patch 17, the first metal through hole 133 and the fourth metal through hole 143 have equal diameters and are distributed on both sides, the first metal through hole 133 penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 4, connects the upper left metal sheet 13 and the middle metal patch 2, the fourth metal through hole 143 penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 4, connects the lower right metal sheet 14 and the middle metal patch 2; the second metal through hole 134 and the third metal through hole 135, the fifth metal through hole 144 and the sixth metal through hole 145 have equal diameters, the second metal through hole 134 and the third metal through hole 135, the fifth metal through hole 144 and the sixth metal through hole 145 are distributed on both sides The second metal through hole 134 and the third metal through hole 135 penetrate the upper dielectric substrate 4 to connect the upper left metal sheet 13 and the middle metal patch 2. The fifth metal through hole 144 and the sixth metal through hole 145 penetrate the upper dielectric substrate 4 to connect the lower right metal sheet 14 and the middle metal patch 2. The seventh metal through hole 155 and the tenth metal through hole 165 have the same diameter. The seventh metal through hole 155 and the tenth metal through hole 165 are distributed on both sides. The seventh metal through hole 155 penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 4 to connect the upper right metal sheet 15 and the middle metal patch 2. The tenth metal through hole 165 penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 4 to connect the lower left metal sheet 16 and the middle metal patch 2. The eighth metal through hole 154 and the tenth metal through hole 165 penetrate the upper dielectric substrate 4 to connect the lower left metal sheet 16 and the middle metal patch 2. The diameters of the first metal through hole 156 and the ninth metal through hole 157, the eleventh metal through hole 166 and the twelfth metal through hole 167 are equal. The eighth metal through hole 156 and the ninth metal through hole 157, the eleventh metal through hole 166 and the twelfth metal through hole 167 are distributed on both sides. The eighth metal through hole 156 and the ninth metal through hole 157 penetrate the dielectric layer 4 to connect the upper metal patch 15 and the middle metal patch 2. The metal through holes 166 and 167 penetrate the upper dielectric substrate 4 to connect the lower left metal sheet 16 and the middle metal patch 2. The thirteenth metal through hole 171 penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 4 and the lower dielectric substrate 5 to connect the middle metal sheet 17, the middle metal patch 2 and the lower metal patch 3.The middle layer metal patch 2 is spread over the entire upper surface of the lower layer dielectric substrate 5 and the first to thirteenth circular gaps 133, 134, 135, 143, 144, 145, 155, 156, 157, 165, 166, 167, 21 are etched, which are equivalent to the ground of the antenna. The center of the thirteenth circular gap 21 etched in the middle layer metal patch 2 is not located at the intersection of the horizontal center line 22 and the vertical center line 23 of the middle layer metal patch 2, but is located at the intersection offset by a set distance 24. The lower layer metal patch 3 is connected to the feed port 32 through a "concave" microstrip line 31, and the middle layer metal patch 2 is connected to the lower layer metal patch 3 through the lower layer dielectric substrate 5. ;

[0070] The design process of the present invention is as follows:

[0071] (i) The thickness of the upper dielectric substrate 4 is 1.57 mm and the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate 5 is 0.254 mm and the dielectric constant is 2.2.

[0072] (ii) The upper metal patch 1 cuts off triangular, rectangular and trapezoidal metal pieces and loads rectangular and irregular metal pieces to enable the antenna to achieve circular polarization performance. The positions of the first to thirteenth circular slots 133, 134, 135, 143, 144, 145, 155, 156, 157, 165, 166, 167, 171 enable the designed broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna loaded with parasitic patches to achieve a wider axial ratio characteristic;

[0073] (III) Determine the size of the upper metal patch 1 according to the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] Where f0 is the center frequency of the antenna, c is the speed of light, a is the length of the metal patch (1), h is the thickness of the dielectric substrate (4) and the dielectric substrate (5), and ε r is the relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate.

[0076] (iv) The lower metal patch 3 transitions to the microstrip line 3 connected to the feeding port 32 through a “concave” microstrip line 31 , and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is improved by optimizing the size of the microstrip line 31 .

[0077] (V) The upper metal patch 1 is composed of seven parts: a left-column rectangular metal sheet 11, a right-column rectangular metal sheet 12, an upper left metal sheet 13, a lower right metal sheet 14, an upper right metal sheet 15, a lower left metal sheet 16, and a middle rectangular metal sheet 17. The left-column rectangular metal sheet 11 and the right-column rectangular metal sheet 12 have the same structure and size. Take the left-column metal sheet 11 as an example:

[0078] The main body is rectangular, and adopts metal sheets of the left first horizontal rectangular metal sheet to the left eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118 and a first vertical rectangular metal sheet 119. The metal sheets of the left first horizontal rectangular metal sheet to the left eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118 have the same structure and size. The metal sheets of the left first horizontal rectangular metal sheet to the left eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118 and the first vertical rectangular metal sheet 119 have similar structures but slightly different sizes. The upper left metal sheet 13 and the lower right metal sheet 14 have the same structure and size. Taking the upper left metal sheet 13 as an example: the main body is rectangular, and two first triangles 131 and the lower right triangles 132 of different sizes are cut out. The upper right metal sheet 15 and the lower left metal sheet 16 have similar structures but slightly different sizes. Take the upper right metal sheet 15 as an example: the main body is a rectangle, the lower left corner of the rectangular metal sheet is cut off from the first trapezoid 151, the upper right corner is loaded with the first irregular metal sheet 152, the upper left corner is cut off from the first rectangle 153, and the upper left corner is loaded with the second rectangular metal sheet 154; the middle metal patch 17 is a rectangle; then adjust the sizes of the metal sheets of the first triangle 131, the second triangle 132, the metal sheet of the first trapezoid 151, the metal sheet of the first irregular metal sheet 152, the left first horizontal rectangular metal sheet to the left eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, the first vertical rectangular metal sheet 119, and the metal sheet of the first rectangle 153 so that the antenna meets the circular polarization characteristics.

[0079] Combination Figure 1a to Figure 1e The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch of the present invention, the material of the dielectric substrate 4 is Roger RT5880, and the dielectric constant ε r =2.2, thickness H1 =1.57mm, size 9.3mm×9.3mm×1.57mm, material of dielectric substrate 5 is Roger RT5880, dielectric constant ε r =2.2, thickness H2=0.254mm, size is 9.3mm×9.3mm×0.254mm; the diameter of the metal through holes 133 and 143 penetrating the upper dielectric substrate 4 is 1mm, the diameter of the metal through holes 134, 135, 144, 145, 155, 165 is 0.7mm, the diameter of the metal through holes 156, 157, 166, 167 is 0.4mm, and the diameter of the circular gap 21 is 1mm; the diameter of the metal through hole 171 penetrating the upper dielectric substrate 4 and the lower dielectric substrate 5 is 0.46mm.

[0080] Figure 2 is the S of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch of the present invention. 11The curve graph shows that the operating frequency band of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch is 23 to 38.2 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 15.2 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 49.6%. The antenna has a low profile and a wide operating frequency band.

[0081] Figure 3 It is an axial ratio curve of a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch. The axial ratio frequency band of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch is 26.8 to 38.2 GHz, the absolute axial ratio bandwidth is 11.4 GHz, and the relative axial ratio bandwidth is 35%. Compared with the traditional microstrip circularly polarized antenna, it has a wider axial ratio bandwidth.

[0082] Figure 4 It is a curve diagram showing the gain variation of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to the present invention as a function of frequency. In the entire working frequency band, the gain meets the requirements.

[0083] Figure 5 The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch with a radiation pattern at 28 GHz. The broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch has a stable radiation pattern and a low cross-polarization level.

[0084] In summary, the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch of the present invention has a stable radiation pattern, a low cross-polarization level, a simple structure, and is easy to process and realize.

Claims

1. A broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper metal patch (1), an upper dielectric substrate (4), an intermediate metal patch (2), a lower dielectric substrate (5), and a lower metal patch (3) arranged from top to bottom, wherein: The upper metal patch (1) comprises a left-row rectangular metal sheet (11), a right-row rectangular metal sheet (12) and a middle metal sheet, wherein the middle metal sheet comprises a middle rectangular metal sheet (17), an upper left metal sheet (13), a lower right metal sheet (14), an upper right metal sheet (15) and a lower left metal sheet (16), two triangles are cut off from the upper left metal sheet (13) and the lower right metal sheet (14), and the upper right metal sheet (15) and the lower left metal sheet (16) are both irregular fish-shaped; A thirteenth metal through hole (171) is provided at the lower position of the rectangular metal sheet (17), penetrating the upper dielectric substrate (4) and the lower dielectric substrate (5), and connecting the upper metal patch (1), the middle metal patch (2) and the lower metal patch (3); the upper left metal sheet (13), the lower right metal sheet (14), the upper right metal sheet (15) and the lower left metal sheet (16) are respectively provided with three metal through holes, penetrating the upper dielectric substrate (4), and connecting the upper metal patch (1) and the middle metal patch (2); The intermediate metal patch (2) is laid flat on the entire upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate (5); The lower dielectric substrate (5) is connected to the middle metal patch (2) and the lower metal patch (3); The lower metal patch (3) is connected to the feeding port (32) using a concave-shaped microstrip line (31).

2. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cross-shaped gap is arranged between the upper left metal sheet (13), the lower right metal sheet (14), the upper right metal sheet (15) and the lower left metal sheet (16), and a middle rectangular metal sheet (17) is arranged in the longitudinal gap.

3. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left column of rectangular metal sheets (11) and the right column of rectangular metal sheets (12) have the same structure and size, and the upper left metal sheet (13) and the lower right metal sheet (14) have the same structure and size.

4. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left column of rectangular metal sheets (11) includes left first horizontal rectangular metal sheet to left eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets (111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118) arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a first vertical rectangular metal sheet (119) at the bottom left; The right column of rectangular metal sheets (12) includes right first to right eighth horizontal rectangular metal sheets (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128) arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and a second vertical rectangular metal sheet (129) at the top right.

5. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main body of the upper left metal sheet (13) is a rectangular metal sheet, a first triangle (131) is cut off from the upper left corner of the rectangular metal sheet, and a second triangle (132) is cut off from the lower right corner; a first metal through hole (133), a second metal through hole (134), and a third metal through hole (135) are respectively opened at the lower right corner, the upper right corner, and the lower left corner of the upper left metal sheet (13); The main body of the lower right metal sheet (14) is a rectangular metal sheet, the lower right corner of the rectangular metal sheet is cut off to form a third triangle (141), and the upper left corner is cut off to form a fourth triangle (142); the upper left corner, lower left corner and upper right corner of the lower right metal sheet (14) are respectively provided with a fourth metal through hole (143), a fifth metal through hole (144) and a sixth metal through hole (145); The first to sixth metal through holes (133, 134, 135, 143, 144, 145) penetrate the upper dielectric substrate (4) and connect the upper metal patch (1) and the middle metal patch (2).

6. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main body of the upper right metal sheet (15) is a rectangular metal sheet, the lower left corner of the rectangular metal sheet is cut off to form a first trapezoid (151), the upper right corner is loaded with a first irregular metal sheet (152), the upper left corner is cut off to form a first rectangle (153), and the upper left corner is loaded with a second rectangular metal sheet (154); the lower left corner, lower right corner and upper left corner of the upper right metal sheet (15) are respectively provided with a seventh metal through hole (155), an eighth metal through hole (156) and a ninth metal through hole (157); The main body of the lower left metal sheet (16) is a rectangular metal sheet, the upper right corner of the rectangular metal sheet is cut off to form a second trapezoid (161), the lower left corner is loaded with a second irregular metal sheet (162), the lower right corner is cut off with a third rectangle (163), and the lower right corner is loaded with a fourth rectangular metal sheet (164); the upper right corner, the upper left corner and the lower right corner of the lower left metal sheet (16) are respectively provided with a tenth metal through hole (165), an eleventh metal through hole (166) and a twelfth metal through hole (167); The seventh to twelfth metal through holes (155, 156, 157, 165, 166, 167) penetrate the upper dielectric substrate (4) and connect the upper metal patch (1) and the middle metal patch (2).

7. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first to twelfth metal through holes (133, 134, 135, 143, 144, 145, 155, 156, 157, 165, 166, 167) penetrate the middle layer metal patch (2) to form first to twelfth circular gaps (133, 134, 135, 143, 144, 145, 155, 156, 157, 165, 166, 167); The intermediate layer metal patch (2) etches a thirteenth circular slit (21) at the positive projection position of the thirteenth metal through hole (171), the radius of the thirteenth circular slit (21) is greater than the radius of the thirteenth metal through hole (171), and the center of the thirteenth circular slit (21) and the thirteenth metal through hole (171) are the same; The center of the thirteenth circular gap (21) is located at a position offset downward by a set distance (24) from the intersection of the horizontal center line (22) and the vertical center line (23) of the intermediate layer metal patch (2).

8. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to claim 7, characterized in that: Energy is input through the feeding port (32), transmitted through the microstrip line (31), and transmitted through the thirteenth metal through hole (171) through the thirteenth circular gap (21) to the upper metal patch (1) to radiate outward, the middle metal patch (2) serves as the ground of the antenna, and the feed line is located on the lower metal patch (3).

9. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The size of the upper metal patch (1) is determined according to the following formula: Where f0 is the center frequency of the antenna, c is the speed of light, a is the length of the upper metal patch (1), h is the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate (4) and the lower dielectric substrate (5), and ε r is the relative permittivity of the upper dielectric substrate (4) and the lower dielectric substrate (5).

10. The broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna loaded with a parasitic patch according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper dielectric substrate (4) is 1.57 mm, the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate (5) is 0.254 mm, and the overall height of the antenna is 1.824 mm.

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