FTU integrated backup power supply

Abstract

The invention provides an FTU integrated backup power supply, which comprises an energy storage unit and a power supply regulation and control unit, and is characterized in that the power supply regulation and control unit comprises a CPU, a sampling module, a regulation and control module, a battery interface, a power supply module, a direct current output module and a communication module, and the sampling module is used for collecting working parameters of the energy storage unit in real time and transmitting the working parameters to the CPU; the regulation and control module regulates and controls the working state of the energy storage unit and can be remotely controlled by the FTU to start and stop the energy storage unit; the battery interface is configured to be a hot plug interface which is plugged with the energy storage unit; the power supply module supplies power to the power supply regulation and control unit and charges the energy storage unit; the direct current output module outputs power for the FTU to use; and the communication module realizes communication interaction between the CPU and the FTU terminal. By adopting the hot plug interface, the connection and wiring complexity is reduced, the performance and reliability are improved, and the installation and maintenance cost is reduced; moreover, the system can communicate with the FTU, achieves the monitoring of the full-life-cycle state of the battery, solves a problem of isolated island of the monitoring information of the battery, and facilitates the maintenance and continuous improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution network terminals, and in particular to an FTU integrated backup power supply. Background Art

[0002] The backup power supply of the distribution network terminal is used to ensure that when the distribution network automation equipment terminal loses the main power supply, it can provide sufficient power support to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

[0003] The existing backup power supply of 10kV distribution network terminals in China mainly uses lead-acid batteries, supercapacitors and lithium batteries as energy storage units. The energy storage unit and the power module are connected by wires. At the same time, the connection modes of each manufacturer are different and lack a unified standard. In addition, most of the existing backup power supplies cannot communicate with the distribution terminals. The existing backup power supply processing methods are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it is impossible to monitor the battery operation and health status. The operation status of the backup power supply is basically in an information island state, and it is difficult for operation and maintenance personnel to grasp the actual operation status of the backup power supply.

[0004] Especially in the scenario of capacitor power supply, two capacitors are used for AC24V input and single power is 10W input. The power is small and the switch cannot be operated directly. It is necessary to rely on the backup power supply. In this scenario, the quality of the backup power supply will directly affect the operation of the switch. Moreover, the power supply capacitors of different manufacturers are also different, resulting in many different types of power supply voltage waveforms connected to the power module. Therefore, the existing power supply module also needs to modify the resistors and other components on the circuit board according to the power supply capacitors of different manufacturers to adapt it, which brings great trouble to the adaptation and has poor adaptability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an FTU integrated backup power supply in view of the above-mentioned problems and shortcomings, so as to solve the problems of connection and wiring complexity between existing backup power supply devices, battery status being in an information island state and poor adaptability.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0007] The FTU integrated backup power supply described in the present invention is characterized in that it includes an energy storage unit and a power control unit, and the power control unit includes: a CPU, which is used to coordinate and control the operation and scheduling of the following modules of the power control unit; a sampling module, which is used to collect the working parameters of the energy storage unit in real time and transmit the collected working parameters to the CPU; a control module, which controls the working state of the energy storage unit according to the instructions given by the CPU and configures or sets the parameters of the CPU to adapt to different power supply modes, and is connected to the remote control output end of the FTU so that the FTU can control the start and stop of the energy storage unit through the remote control relay; a battery interface, which is constructed as a hot-plug interface and is plugged into the energy storage unit through the hot-plug interface; a power module, which is connected to the FTU and is used to supply power to the power control unit and charge the energy storage unit; a DC output module, which is connected to the FTU and is used to output power for use by the FTU; and a communication module, which is connected to the FTU and the CPU and is used to realize communication and interaction between the CPU and the FTU terminal.

[0008] In some embodiments, the energy storage unit is a lithium battery, a lead-acid battery or a supercapacitor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sampling module is connected to the battery interface, and the acquisition module includes an analog front-end circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current sensor, a sampling resistor and a temperature sensor; the voltage acquisition circuit and the temperature sensor are both connected to the analog front-end circuit, the current sensor is connected in series to the main positive or main auxiliary circuit of the energy storage unit, the sampling resistor is connected and cooperated with the current sensor, the analog front-end circuit converts the collected analog signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the CPU, and the CPU then uploads it to the FTU through the communication module.

[0010] Furthermore, the voltage acquisition circuit is used to collect the voltage of each single cell in the energy storage unit, the group voltage and the input voltage; the current sensor is used to measure the charge and discharge current of the energy storage unit and transmit the charge and discharge current signal to the analog front-end circuit; the sampling resistor is used to detect the current of the energy storage unit; the temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the single cell and the battery pack.

[0011] In some embodiments, the regulation module is connected to the battery interface to achieve regulation and control of the energy storage unit; the regulation module includes a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, a control circuit, a core capacitor circuit, a balancing circuit and a protection circuit; the core capacitor circuit is respectively connected to the discharging circuit and the protection circuit, and the switch contacts of the control circuit are embedded in the charging circuit, the discharging circuit, the core capacitor circuit and the balancing circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the charging circuit is used for current limiting and voltage division to control the on-off and size of the charging current; the discharging circuit is used to output a stable DC24V voltage for use by the FTU and for discharging the discharge resistor in the core capacitor circuit; the control circuit is used to control the on-off of the charging circuit, the discharging circuit, the core capacitor circuit and the balancing circuit; the core capacitor circuit cooperates with the sampling module and the CPU, the CPU issues a core capacitor instruction to mobilize the discharge circuit to discharge the discharge resistor of the core capacitor circuit, the sampling module collects the operating parameters of the battery discharge process in real time, and the CPU obtains the sampling data for capacity calculation; the balancing circuit is used for the voltage stabilizing circuit to balance the voltage between the individual cells in the energy storage unit; the protection circuit is used to cut off the circuit in time when an abnormality occurs in the power control unit to protect the storage unit from damage.

[0013] In some embodiments, the power module is a power supply, and the power module supports PT power or capacitor power (2-way) input, and converts the input AC power into DC power.

[0014] In some embodiments, the DC output module outputs one or two DC 24V power supplies.

[0015] In some embodiments, the communication module communicates with the FTU via RS485, and uploads data related to telemetry, telesignaling and alarm protection information of the operating status of the energy storage unit to the FTU. At the same time, the FTU issues battery activation start and stop, battery start and stop, capacity control, capacity lock or parameter setting commands to the integrated backup power supply.

[0016] In some embodiments, the hot-swap interface includes a connector and an interface, the connector is arranged on the energy storage unit, and the interface is arranged on the power control unit.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] (1) The power control unit of the present invention has complete battery management functions, actively protects against abnormalities in the energy storage unit, and ensures the safe use of the energy storage unit; it can also actively check the capacity according to the algorithm strategy and detect the health of the energy storage unit; and it can adapt to power supply capacitors of different manufacturers by adjusting parameters through the control module without the need for modification, and has strong applicability.

[0019] (2) The present invention uses a hot-swappable interface to connect to the energy storage unit, thereby forming an integrated FTU backup power supply, which not only reduces the connection and wiring complexity between devices, but also improves performance and reliability and reduces installation and maintenance costs.

[0020] (3) The present invention realizes precise control of the sampling, charging and discharging process of the energy storage unit through close cooperation between the CPU, sampling module and control module inside the power control unit, and monitors the operating status, SOC and SOH, temperature, etc. of the energy storage unit in real time, thereby ensuring the optimal performance of the energy storage unit and effectively improving the service life of the energy storage unit.

[0021] (4) The present invention communicates with the FTU through a communication module to monitor the status of the battery throughout its life cycle, solve the problem of information islands, and facilitate maintenance and continuous improvement by operation and maintenance personnel.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is the working principle diagram of the FTU backup power supply currently available on the market;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural principle diagram of the FTU integrated backup power supply of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a working principle diagram of the FTU integrated backup power supply of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a wiring diagram of the FTU integrated backup power supply PT power supply type of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a wiring diagram of the capacitor-powered FTU integrated backup power supply of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "matching", "connecting", "connection", and "installation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] Distribution network terminals are usually installed outdoors and face power instability caused by various environmental factors. The backup power supply can provide continuous and stable power to the terminal when the main power fails or power outages, ensuring the normal operation of the terminal equipment. This is crucial for power system monitoring, data collection, fault location and other functions.

[0032] The backup power supply of the distribution network terminal plays a vital role in the power system, but it also has some shortcomings, mainly including the following two aspects:

[0033] 1. High maintenance cost

[0034] Battery maintenance is cumbersome: One of the commonly used backup power sources for distribution network terminals is the battery, but the battery needs regular maintenance, including checking the battery status, cleaning the battery surface, measuring the battery voltage and internal resistance, etc. These maintenance tasks are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also require professional knowledge and skills. If the maintenance is not timely or improper, the performance and life of the battery may be affected.

[0035] Supercapacitors have limited lifespan: Another commonly used backup power source is supercapacitors. Although their maintenance costs are relatively low, their lifespan is relatively short and they need to be replaced regularly. In addition, supercapacitors also have a short power supply time and may not be able to meet the needs of long power outages.

[0036] 2. Difficulty in management

[0037] Inconvenient monitoring and management: It is a challenge to centrally monitor and manage the backup power supplies of a large number of distributed distribution network terminals. The lack of effective monitoring and management methods may result in power failures not being discovered and handled in a timely manner.

[0038] Battery health status is difficult to grasp: The health status of a battery is critical to its performance and life, but it is difficult to accurately assess it through simple methods. If the battery health status is poor, it may cause power failure or shorten the service life.

[0039] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a FTU integrated backup power supply. The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the FTU integrated backup power supply of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, an FTU integrated backup power supply of the present invention includes an energy storage unit and a power control unit, wherein the power control unit includes: a CPU, used to coordinate and control the operation and scheduling of each module of the power control unit; a sampling module, used to collect the working parameters of the energy storage unit in real time, and transmit the collected working parameters to the CPU; a control module, which adjusts and controls the working state of the energy storage unit according to the instructions given by the CPU and is configured or set according to the parameters of the CPU to adapt to different power supply modes, and is connected to the remote control relay output end of the FTU so that the FTU can control the start and stop of the energy storage unit through the remote control relay; a battery interface, which is constructed as a hot-plug interface and is plugged into the energy storage unit through the hot-plug interface; a power module, which is connected to the FTU and is used to supply power to the power control unit and charge the energy storage unit; a DC output module, which is connected to the FTU and is used to output power for use by the FTU; a communication module, which is connected to the FTU and the CPU and is used to realize communication and interaction between the CPU and the FTU terminal.

[0041] The current backup power supply of the power distribution terminal is composed of three independent modules, namely the power module, the BMS module and the battery pack. The three are connected by wires, and the power module and the FTU are also connected by multiple wires, which leads to the complexity of the connection and wiring between the devices; although when the energy storage unit adopts lithium batteries, the wire connection of the BMS module can be omitted because the lithium battery has its own BMS system, but the power module and the lithium battery are still connected by wires, and there are also problems of complex wiring and inconvenient maintenance. The present invention adopts a hot-swappable interface to connect to the energy storage unit, thereby forming an integrated FTU backup power supply, which not only reduces the complexity of connection and wiring between devices, but also improves performance and reliability, and reduces installation and maintenance costs. Figure 1 In the prior art shown, the power module and the energy storage unit are connected by ±24V hard wiring, the power module and the FTU are also connected by hard wiring, and the FTU and the main station are connected by communication; in addition to one hard wiring for obtaining AC power input from the FTU to the power module, the power module and the FTU are also connected by at least two hard wirings, one of which is used to transmit the battery telesignaling information to the FTU, and the FTU further sends the received backup power telesignaling, telemetry, and alarm protection information to the main station; the other is used to transmit these commands to the power module after the main station issues commands such as battery activation start / stop, battery start / stop, backup power constant download, and parameter modification to the FTU. The FTU, power module, and battery of the prior art are all connected by hard wiring (i.e., physical wires), and at least three hard wirings are used between the FTU and the power module, which leads to the complexity of the connection and wiring between the devices, increases the workload of installation and debugging, and is difficult to manage.

[0042] The working principle of the FTU integrated backup power supply of the present invention is as follows Figure 3As shown, the integrated backup power supply is integrated into one, and the power control unit combines all functions together, and then plugs in with the lithium battery through a hot-swap interface to form an integrated FTU backup power supply. In addition to the power supply being connected by wires between the power control unit and the FTU in the integrated backup power supply, the data transmission is transmitted through a communication module. This embodiment uses RS485 communication, so that the overall power transmission between the FTU and the power control unit is only wired, and there are no other wires, so the connection and wiring complexity between the devices is reduced, the performance and reliability are improved, and the installation and maintenance costs are reduced; and by communicating with the FTU through RS485, the battery life cycle status can be monitored, the information island problem can be solved, and it is convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to perform maintenance and continuous improvement.

[0043] The power control unit of the present invention has complete battery management functions, actively protects against abnormalities in the energy storage unit, and ensures the safe use of the energy storage unit; it can also actively check the capacity according to the algorithm strategy and detect the health of the energy storage unit; and the control module can adjust the parameters to adapt to the power supply capacitors of different manufacturers without modification, and has strong applicability. Through the close cooperation of the CPU, sampling module and control module inside the power control unit, precise control of the sampling, charging and discharging process of the energy storage unit is achieved, and the operating status, SOC and SOH, temperature, etc. of the energy storage unit are monitored in real time to ensure the optimal performance of the energy storage unit and effectively increase the service life of the energy storage unit.

[0044] The backup power supply of the distribution network terminal mainly includes batteries, UPS power supplies and voltage-stabilized power supplies, etc. The energy storage unit of the present invention refers to batteries. The batteries are divided into lead-acid batteries, colloidal batteries, lithium batteries, etc. Among them, lead-acid batteries, as traditional energy storage devices, are mainly composed of positive plates, negative plates, sulfuric acid solutions, separators, tanks, etc.; it has high energy density, mature technology, good versatility and low cost, so it is widely used in the backup power supply of distribution network terminals; however, lead-acid batteries also have some disadvantages, such as pollution to the environment and great influence by temperature. The colloidal battery is another commonly used backup power supply for distribution network terminals. It replaces sulfuric acid liquid electrolyte with milky white translucent gel electrolyte, thereby improving the performance of the battery; the colloidal battery has strong deep discharge performance, good temperature adaptability, and is safer and more environmentally friendly than ordinary lead-acid batteries; however, the cost of the colloidal battery is relatively high, the internal resistance is relatively large, the large current discharge capacity may not be as good as the lead-acid battery, and the initial capacity may also be slightly lower.

[0045] The energy storage unit of the present invention can be a lithium battery, a lead-acid battery or a supercapacitor. Figure 2In the embodiment shown, the energy storage unit of this embodiment adopts a lithium battery, which is a battery pack composed of multiple single cells (cells), such as 8 cells, 16 cells, etc., which are connected in series. Each single cell can measure voltage, single cell maximum value, minimum value, internal resistance, single cell pressure difference maximum value, temperature (single cell temperature), etc. The battery pack has group voltage, charge and discharge current, capacity, battery pack ambient temperature, etc. Lithium batteries can be combined with intelligent operation and maintenance systems in distribution network terminals to realize real-time monitoring of battery packs, regular capacity verification and other functions; this helps to timely discover problems with battery packs and improve the reliability and safety of the distribution system. If lead-acid batteries are used as FTU backup power supplies, only 2 single cells are used in series, and single cells of appropriate size and capacity are selected according to needs.

[0046] The sampling module of this embodiment is connected to the battery interface, and the sampling module and the battery interface are integrated on a circuit board, and the sampling module is communicatively connected to the CPU. The sampling module can be an analog sampling module, a digital sampling module, or a multi-channel sampling module. The sampling module collects various working parameters of the energy storage unit through sensors or analog circuits, including the voltage, current, capacity, and temperature of the battery pack or single cell; and converts the collected signals into digital signals after amplification, filtering, and other processing; these digital signals are transmitted to the CPU through the communication interface for analysis and processing; the CPU decodes, calculates, and other processing on the received digital signals to obtain various parameter information of the energy storage unit. These parameters can be used to monitor the working status of the energy storage unit, predict faults, and take timely measures.

[0047] Specifically, the acquisition module includes an analog front-end circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current sensor, a sampling resistor and a temperature sensor. The analog front-end circuit (AFE) includes an ADC (analog-to-digital converter), which acquires analog signals through the ADC, converts the acquired analog signals into digital signals, and then sends them to the CPU, which is further processed by the CPU and then uploaded to the FTU through the communication module; in order to improve the resolution of the digital signal, the analog front-end circuit may also include a filter circuit and an amplifier circuit. The voltage acquisition circuit of this embodiment includes a voltage-dividing resistor network, and the voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the analog front-end circuit, which can accurately measure the voltage of each battery in the energy storage unit, the battery pack voltage, and the input voltage (charging voltage), thereby ensuring the voltage balance of the energy storage unit and preventing overcharging or over-discharging. The current sensor is connected in series to the main positive or main and auxiliary circuits of the energy storage unit, measures the charge and discharge current of the entire battery pack, and sends the charge and discharge current signal to the analog front-end circuit for processing; at the same time, the current sensor is also used to cooperate with the CPU coordination and control module to perform charge and discharge control, battery SOC (charge state), SOH (health state) estimation, and overcurrent and overcharging protection. The sampling resistor is used in conjunction with the current sensor to detect the current of the battery pack. The temperature sensor is connected to the analog front-end circuit to measure the temperature of the single cell and the battery pack to ensure that the battery pack operates within a suitable temperature range.

[0048] The control module of the present invention is connected to the battery interface. In addition to the BMS-related functions, the most important function of the control module is to have an adaptive function, that is, by configuring parameters for the CPU control program or setting the operating mode, the power input circuit of the control module is adjusted and adapted, so that it can adapt to different power-taking modes and power-taking capacitors with different parameters. Because at present, whether it is PT power or capacitor power, especially capacitor power, the power-taking capacitors of different manufacturers are different. According to the existing power module, it is necessary to change the resistors and other components on the power module to adapt the corresponding power-taking capacitors. The power control unit of the present invention can automatically adapt the power input circuit of the control module to the power-taking capacitor according to the parameters of the power-taking capacitor used, and then configure or set the parameters of the CPU, so as to save the trouble of changing the components of the circuit board. The parameters here can be operating mode parameters including PT power-taking mode, capacitor power-taking mode 1, capacitor power-taking mode 2, capacitor power-taking mode 3, etc.

[0049] The control module can control the charging and discharging current of the energy storage unit, control the start / stop of battery activation, the start / stop of the battery, the battery capacity verification, the battery capacity lock, the battery balancing, the battery heating film heating on / off, etc., according to the parameters collected by the sampling module, by communicating with the CPU. The control module includes a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, a control circuit, a capacity verification circuit, a balancing circuit, and a protection circuit.

[0050] Among them, the charging circuit of this embodiment includes power devices, resistors, filter capacitors, voltage regulator diodes, MOSFET tubes and other components, which play the role of current limiting and voltage division during the charging process, control the on-off and size of the current, ensure trickle charging when the battery power is extremely low, constant current charging after the power rises to a certain level, constant voltage charging when the power is close to full, and continue to float charge the battery with a small pulse current when it is close to fully full. The discharge circuit of this embodiment includes a DC / DC converter and a filter capacitor. The energy storage unit outputs DC24V to connect the smooth pulsating direct current to the filter capacitor circuit, thereby outputting a stable DC24V voltage for FTU use. In addition, it is also used to discharge the discharge resistor of the core capacitor circuit. The process of the control module controlling the charging and discharging current of the energy storage unit is: monitoring the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of the lithium battery through the sampling module, and the CPU provides these parameters to the control module. The control module accurately controls the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery by the charging circuit and the discharge circuit according to these parameters and the needs of the energy storage system, ensuring that the lithium battery works within a suitable current range, avoiding excessive charging and discharging or overload, thereby protecting the lithium battery and extending its service life.

[0051] The process of the control module of this embodiment controlling the start / stop of battery activation is as follows: the control module starts or stops the battery activation process according to a preset activation cycle or condition by communicating with the CPU. The battery activation start and stop are realized by a control circuit, which includes a relay. The relay is remotely controlled to realize the on and off of each individual circuit, thereby realizing the remote control of battery activation start and stop. Battery activation helps to restore the performance of the battery, especially when the lithium battery has not been used for a long time.

[0052] The switch contacts of the control circuit of this embodiment are embedded in the charging circuit, the discharging circuit, the core capacitance circuit and the balancing circuit, and the operation of connecting or disconnecting these circuits is realized by turning on and off the control switch.

[0053] The core capacity circuit of this embodiment includes a discharge resistor, a capacitor, a voltage regulator diode, a MOSFET, etc. The core capacity circuit is connected to the discharge circuit and the protection circuit and cooperates with the sampling module and the CPU. The process of the control module for battery core capacity is: the CPU gives the instruction to the discharge circuit according to the preset timing core capacity instruction or the core capacity instruction issued by the FTU, instructing it to start the discharge operation; after the discharge circuit receives the signal, it will open the connection with the discharge resistor in the core capacity circuit, thereby realizing the discharge of the discharge resistor; when the discharge reaches the preset condition, the CPU sends a signal to stop the discharge to the discharge circuit, instructing it to stop the discharge. The sampling module collects the operating parameters of the core capacity discharge process (such as the discharge time, voltage and other parameters of the battery) in real time, and the CPU obtains the sampling data to calculate the capacity to obtain the battery capacity. During the battery core capacity process, the core capacity circuit will interact with the protection circuit, and the protection circuit will monitor the voltage and current of the energy storage unit during the discharge process to ensure that it does not exceed the safety range set by the protection circuit. In the case of over-discharge, the connection between the discharge circuit and the discharge resistor of the core capacity circuit will be cut off to stop the discharge, thereby ensuring the safety of the discharge. Regularly testing or calibrating the capacity of lithium batteries can ensure that the capacity information of lithium batteries is accurate and reliable, so as to evaluate the remaining service life and performance of the battery.

[0054] The process of locking the battery capacity by the control module of this embodiment is as follows: during the process of controlling the charging and discharging of the battery by the charging circuit and the discharging circuit of the control module, the control circuit locks the capacity when the battery capacity is discharged to a certain set capacity through the control algorithm and strategy, stops the battery from discharging at a low current, and only provides the large current discharge for the operating switch, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the operating switch and maintaining the stability of the lithium battery power supply.

[0055] The balancing circuit of this embodiment includes a MOSFET switch tube, a resistor and a capacitor, etc., wherein the resistor plays a role in limiting the flow of current and controlling the voltage; the capacitor can store electric field energy and can resist voltage changes. That is, the balancing circuit plays the role of a voltage stabilizing circuit to achieve voltage balancing between each single battery in the battery pack. The control module has a battery balancing function, which monitors the voltage, capacity and state differences between each lithium battery cell in the battery pack through the sampling module, and then uses the balancing circuit to perform active balancing or passive balancing to make the voltage, capacity and state between the lithium battery cells reach a relatively consistent state, thereby improving the use efficiency and safety of the entire battery pack.

[0056] The process of heating the battery heating film by the control module of this embodiment is as follows: in a low temperature environment, in order to maintain the normal working temperature and performance of the lithium battery, the control circuit of the control module can control the heating process of the battery heating film. When the acquisition module detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is lower than the set value, the CPU issues an instruction to enable the control circuit to start heating the battery heating film; when the temperature of the lithium battery reaches the set value, the heating is stopped.

[0057] The protection circuit of this embodiment includes not only an over-discharge protection circuit, but also circuits and components such as over-charge protection and short-circuit protection, which are used to cut off the circuit in time when an abnormality occurs in the power control unit to protect the energy storage unit from damage.

[0058] The control module of this embodiment also includes a battery start-stop circuit, and the switch contacts of the control circuit are also embedded in the battery start-stop circuit. The process of the control module of this embodiment controlling the start / stop of the battery is as follows: the FTU issues a command to start / stop the backup power supply to the CPU through the communication module, and the CPU then conveys the command to the control circuit of the control module, and the control circuit then controls the on / off of the control switch in the battery start-stop circuit, thereby controlling the start / stop of the lithium battery. After the FTU integrated backup power supply is put into use, the lithium battery is always in the engaged state; the battery exit operation will only be performed when, for example, the lithium battery is inspected, replaced, or the functional performance of the lithium battery is tested.

[0059] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the start and stop functions of the energy storage unit can still be controlled when the power control unit cannot be operated normally after communication interruption occurs in extreme cases, such as Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the FTU of this embodiment is provided with an output connection connected to the control module, specifically, the output connection of the relay in the FTU is connected to the battery start-stop circuit, and the relay can be used to control the start-stop function of the energy storage unit. When the power control unit cannot be operated normally to start and stop the energy storage unit, the battery start-stop function can also be realized by remotely controlling the opening and closing of the FTU's own relay. When the relay is closed, the battery start-stop circuit of the control module is connected, the circuit of the energy storage unit is started, and the energy storage unit is put into use to supply power to the FTU; when the remote control relay is disconnected, the battery start-stop circuit is disconnected, the circuit of the energy storage unit is stopped, and the energy storage unit is out of use.

[0060] The power module of the present invention is a power supply used to supply power to the entire power control unit and to charge the energy storage unit. The power module has flexible external power access capabilities, supporting both PT (voltage transformer) power input and capacitor power input (2-way power supply capacitor). After receiving AC power, it is converted into low-voltage DC power, part of which is converted into low-voltage DC (5V) for use in the internal circuit of the power control unit, and part of which is converted into DC 24V for charging the energy storage unit.

[0061] In the PT power supply, the power module obtains the required power by connecting to the secondary side of the PT. Figure 4As shown in the figure, the power module can obtain AC220V power from FTU through PT. This method is relatively stable and reliable. Capacitor power (2-way) usually refers to a method of directly obtaining power from the power line through high-voltage capacitors and other devices, and has two independent input channels. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the power module obtains two AC24V power supplies from the FTU through capacitors.

[0062] The DC output module of the present invention is connected to the control module. When the main power fails, is powered off, or is insufficient, the control module controls the lithium battery to output one or two DC 24V power supplies from the DC output module to the FTU. Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, PT is used for power supply, and the DC output module outputs DC24V to FTU; Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, capacitors are used to draw power, and the DC output module outputs two DC24V to the FTU, one of which is used by the FTU and the other is used for operating the switch, such as opening, closing, and switch energy storage.

[0063] The communication module of this embodiment communicates with FTU via RS485. The communication module has the functions of data transmission, remote monitoring and control. The communication module can upload the data related to the telemetry, telesignaling and alarm protection information of the operation status of the energy storage unit to FTU, so as to realize real-time monitoring and scheduling, and timely discover and handle abnormal situations. At the same time, the commands such as battery activation start and stop, battery start and stop, capacity verification, capacity locking or parameter setting issued by FTU are also transmitted to the CPU of the power control unit through the communication module, and the CPU then executes the corresponding commands through the control module to realize the battery activation start and stop, battery start and stop, capacity verification, capacity locking, etc. of the energy storage unit.

[0064] The hot-plug interface of the present invention includes a connector and an interface, wherein the connector is arranged on the energy storage unit, and the interface is arranged on the power control unit. The structure of the hot-plug interface is similar to the existing VGA, HDMI, cable pin, network distribution plug and other interface forms, so that after the power control unit is connected to the energy storage unit through the hot-plug interface, the collection and control functions of the energy storage unit can be realized, and the specific structural style is not limited.

[0065] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0066] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present application. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An FTU integrated backup power supply, characterized in that: It includes an energy storage unit and a power supply control unit, and the power supply control unit includes: CPU, used for coordinating and controlling the operation and scheduling of the following modules of the power control unit; A sampling module, used for collecting the working parameters of the energy storage unit in real time and transmitting the collected working parameters to the CPU; A control module controls the working state of the energy storage unit according to the instructions given by the CPU and configures or sets the parameters of the CPU to adapt to different power supply modes; is connected to the remote control relay output of the FTU so that the FTU can control the start and stop of the energy storage unit through the remote control relay; A battery interface, configured as a hot-plug interface, and connected to the energy storage unit via the hot-plug interface; A power module, connected to the FTU, for supplying power to the power control unit and charging the energy storage unit; A DC output module, connected to the FTU, for outputting power for use by the FTU; The communication module is connected to the FTU and the CPU, and is used to realize communication and interaction between the CPU and the FTU terminal.

2. The FTU integrated backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage unit is one of a lithium battery, a lead-acid battery or a supercapacitor.

3. The FTU integrated backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling module is connected to the battery interface, and the acquisition module includes an analog front-end circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current sensor, a sampling resistor and a temperature sensor; the voltage acquisition circuit and the temperature sensor are both connected to the analog front-end circuit, the current sensor is connected in series to the main positive or main auxiliary circuit of the energy storage unit, the sampling resistor is connected and cooperated with the current sensor, the analog front-end circuit converts the collected analog signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the CPU, and the CPU then uploads it to the FTU through the communication module.

4. The FTU integrated backup power supply according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The voltage acquisition circuit is used to collect the voltage of each single cell in the energy storage unit, the group voltage and the input voltage; The current sensor is used to measure the charge and discharge current of the energy storage unit and transmit the charge and discharge current signal to the analog front-end circuit; The sampling resistor is used to detect the current of the energy storage unit; The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the single battery and the battery pack.

5. The FTU integrated backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulation module is connected to the battery interface to realize regulation and control of the energy storage unit; the regulation module includes a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, a control circuit, a core capacitance circuit, a balancing circuit and a protection circuit; the core capacitance circuit is respectively connected to the discharging circuit and the protection circuit, and the switch contacts of the control circuit are embedded in the charging circuit, the discharging circuit, the core capacitance circuit and the balancing circuit.

6. The FTU integrated backup power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charging circuit is used for current limiting and voltage division to control the on / off and size of the charging current; The discharge circuit is used to output a stable DC24V voltage for use by the FTU and to discharge the discharge resistor in the core capacitor circuit; The control circuit is used to control the on and off of the charging circuit, the discharging circuit, the core capacitance circuit and the balancing circuit; The core capacitance circuit cooperates with the sampling module and the CPU. The CPU issues a core capacitance instruction to mobilize the discharge circuit to discharge the discharge resistor of the core capacitance circuit. The sampling module collects the operating parameters of the battery discharge process in real time, and the CPU obtains the sampling data to calculate the capacity. The equalizing circuit is used in a voltage stabilizing circuit to balance the voltages between the individual cells in the energy storage unit; The protection circuit is used to cut off the circuit in time when an abnormality occurs in the power control unit to protect the storage unit from damage.

7. The FTU integrated backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply module is a power supply. The power supply module supports PT power or capacitor power (2-way) input and converts the input AC power into DC power.

8. The FTU integrated backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC output module outputs one or two DC 24V power supplies.

9. The FTU integrated backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module communicates with the FTU via RS485, and uploads data related to telemetry, telesignaling and alarm protection information of the energy storage unit's operating status to the FTU. At the same time, the FTU issues battery activation start and stop, battery start and stop, capacity verification, capacity lock or parameter setting commands to the integrated backup power supply.

10. The FTU integrated backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot-plug interface includes a connector and an interface, the connector is arranged on the energy storage unit, and the interface is arranged on the power supply control unit.

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