5G communication optical cable service life prediction method and system based on big data

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of data processing, in particular to a 5G communication optical cable service life prediction method and system based on big data, and the method comprises the steps: collecting optical cable signal data in real time, and calculating the attenuation degree and vibration influence degree of current optical cable transmission; the data comprises attenuation and vibration acceleration of the optical cable; a sliding window is preset, the last signal in the sliding window is the current optical cable signal, and the smoothing parameter of each optical cable signal in each vibration direction is calculated based on the attenuation degree and the vibration influence degree of each optical cable signal in the sliding window; and performing weighted average on the corresponding attenuation by using the smoothing parameter of each optical cable signal in each vibration direction in the sliding window to obtain a prediction result of the service life of the optical cable. According to the method, the optical cable state is evaluated from multiple dimensions, and the actual operation state of the optical cable can be comprehensively and accurately reflected, so that the accuracy of life prediction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of data processing. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and system for predicting the life of a 5G communication optical cable based on big data. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid expansion and application of 5G networks, 5G communication optical cables have become an indispensable infrastructure to support information transmission. Their performance and lifespan are directly related to the stability and reliability of the network. However, most of these optical cables are installed in high-altitude areas. Faced with complex and changeable external environmental factors, the attenuation problem of optical cables has become increasingly prominent. Attenuation not only means a decrease in signal strength, but may also lead to an increase in the error rate of data transmission, affecting the overall performance of the network. More importantly, the attenuation degree of the optical cable is closely related to its service life. As the optical cable ages, its ability to resist external interference gradually decreases, and the attenuation problem becomes more serious.

[0003] At present, optical cable monitoring mainly relies on manual regular inspections. Due to the periodicity and limitations of manual inspections, it is often difficult to achieve full coverage and real-time monitoring of optical cable lines, thereby increasing the risk of optical cable failures and maintenance costs. With the rapid deployment of 5G networks, the number of optical cables is growing exponentially, and traditional manual inspection methods are far from meeting actual needs.

[0004] Although the traditional weighted average algorithm can capture the signal attenuation trend by assigning a higher weight to the recent attenuation data and predict the future attenuation value based on it, this method has certain limitations: it fails to fully consider the difference in signal attenuation caused by the vibration of the optical cable in different directions. This directional difference often has a significant impact on the accuracy of the prediction results in actual application scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that the above-mentioned traditional weighted average algorithm cannot accurately reflect the influence of vibrations in different directions on signal attenuation, resulting in inaccurate prediction results of optical cable life, the present invention provides solutions in the following aspects.

[0006] In a first aspect, a 5G communication optical cable life prediction method based on big data comprises: Collect optical cable signal data in real time to calculate the attenuation degree and vibration impact degree of the current optical cable transmission; the data includes the attenuation amount and vibration acceleration of the optical cable; A sliding window is preset, the last signal in the sliding window is the current optical cable signal, and the smoothing parameter of each optical cable signal in each vibration direction is calculated based on the attenuation degree and vibration influence degree of each optical cable signal in the sliding window; The corresponding attenuation is weighted averaged using the smoothing parameters of each optical cable signal in each vibration direction in the sliding window to obtain the prediction result of the optical cable life. The prediction result is: ; In the formula, Indicates the predicted value of the optical cable life; Indicates that the current optical cable signal is in The predicted value of the attenuation of the transmission in each vibration direction, Indicates the minimum historical attenuation value, is the total number of the vibration directions; the predicted value of the attenuation is obtained by the weighted average.

[0007] The present invention first collects the attenuation and vibration acceleration data of the optical cable in real time, and calculates the attenuation degree and vibration impact degree of the current optical cable transmission by analyzing these data. Then, the corresponding attenuation is weighted averaged using the smoothing parameters of each optical cable signal in each vibration direction within a preset sliding window, fully considering the impact of different vibration directions on the attenuation of the optical cable. The multi-dimensional comprehensive analysis can more comprehensively evaluate the performance changes of the optical cable and improve the accuracy of life prediction.

[0008] Preferably, the prediction result also includes: When the predicted value of the life span is greater than a preset threshold, an early warning is triggered.

[0009] After the early warning is triggered, the maintenance team can respond quickly to inspect or replace the optical cables that may be about to fail, thereby significantly reducing the service interruption time caused by optical cable failures and ensuring the stability and continuity of the network.

[0010] Preferably, the process of acquiring the attenuation degree includes: Calculate the absolute difference between the current attenuation of optical cable transmission and the historical minimum attenuation; Calculate the change ratio of the current attenuation of optical cable transmission compared with the average attenuation of several historical times; The product of the absolute difference and the change ratio is used as the attenuation degree of the current optical cable transmission.

[0011] By calculating the absolute difference between the current attenuation of the optical cable transmission and the historical minimum attenuation, we can keenly capture the performance changes of the optical cable at the current moment compared to its optimal state. Even a slight increase in attenuation can be accurately identified. Calculating the ratio of the current attenuation of the optical cable transmission compared to the average attenuation of several times in history can reflect the evolution trend of the optical cable attenuation over time.

[0012] It takes into account both the gap between the current attenuation and the optimal state, and the relative change between the current attenuation and the long-term average state, and can more accurately reflect the actual changes in the transmission performance of the optical cable.

[0013] Preferably, the process of obtaining the vibration impact degree includes: The ratio of the vibration acceleration in each vibration direction to the historical maximum vibration acceleration in the corresponding vibration direction is calculated and normalized to obtain the vibration influence degree of the current optical cable transmission in each vibration direction.

[0014] By calculating the ratio of the vibration acceleration in each vibration direction to the historical maximum vibration acceleration in the corresponding vibration direction and normalizing it, vibrations of different vibration directions and intensities can be converted into a relatively unified quantitative indicator, namely the vibration impact degree, and then the relative position of the current vibration situation in the historical data can be clearly seen. If the current vibration impact degree is close to or exceeds the historical high level, it may mean that the optical cable faces a greater potential risk.

[0015] Preferably, the smoothing parameter satisfies the relationship: ; In the formula, The first The optical cable signal is The smoothing parameter in the vibration direction, The first The attenuation of the optical cable signal, The first The optical cable signal is The degree of vibration influence in each vibration direction, is the attenuation degree of each optical cable signal in the sliding window and its The standard deviation of the product of the vibration influence degrees in the three vibration directions.

[0016] By combining the attenuation degree and vibration influence degree of the optical cable signal, the signal is weighted and processed to smooth the fluctuation of the signal. Secondly, by introducing the standard deviation, the discrete degree of signal attenuation and vibration influence degree can be reflected, so that the smoothing parameter can dynamically adjust the smoothing degree according to the volatility of the model, so as to effectively smooth the signal, suppress noise, highlight important features, and improve the stability and reliability of signal processing.

[0017] Preferably, the process of acquiring the attenuation degree includes: Calculate the difference between the current attenuation of optical cable transmission and the historical average attenuation; The ratio of the difference to the historical average attenuation is used as the attenuation degree of the current optical cable transmission.

[0018] Preferably, the vibration influence degree satisfies the relationship: ; In the formula, This is the first The degree of vibration influence in each vibration direction, This is the first The vibration acceleration in each vibration direction, This is the first The maximum vibration acceleration in each vibration direction, This is the first The peak factor of each vibration direction, is the number of vibration directions.

[0019] By calculating the peak factor, the significance of the peak in the vibration signal can be characterized. During the optical cable transmission process, a higher peak factor means that there are more obvious peaks in the vibration signal, which may correspond to sudden, high-intensity vibration events and have a more significant impact on the optical cable transmission.

[0020] The introduction of the peak factor can not only reflect the extreme characteristics of the vibration signal, but also improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the evaluation through weighting, thus providing important guarantee for the stability and reliability of optical cable transmission.

[0021] Preferably, the peak factor is the peak value of the current optical cable transmission process. The ratio of the peak value of the vibration impact in each vibration direction to its root mean square value.

[0022] Preferably, the current optical cable signal is The predicted value of the attenuation of the transmission in each vibration direction satisfies the relationship: ; In the formula, The current optical cable signal is The predicted value of the attenuation of the transmission in each vibration direction, The first The optical cable signal is The smoothing parameter in the vibration direction, The first The attenuation of the optical cable signal, is the number of optical cable signals within the sliding window.

[0023] In a second aspect, a 5G communication optical cable life prediction system based on big data includes: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, any one of the 5G communication optical cable life prediction methods based on big data is implemented.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: By collecting optical cable signal data in real time and comprehensively considering multiple key parameters such as the attenuation and vibration acceleration of the optical cable, the optical cable status is evaluated from multiple dimensions. Compared with the prediction of a single parameter, it can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual operating status of the optical cable, thereby improving the accuracy of life prediction.

[0025] The smoothing parameter is calculated based on the attenuation degree and vibration influence degree of each optical cable signal in the sliding window, and the attenuation is weighted averaged using the parameter to obtain the prediction result. This processing method can effectively smooth data fluctuations, reduce noise interference, and make the prediction results more stable and reliable, and closer to the actual life of the optical cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a method flow chart of steps S1 to S3 in a method for predicting the life of a 5G communication optical cable based on big data in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 A 5G communication optical cable life prediction method based on big data includes steps S1 to S3, which are as follows: S1: Collect optical cable signal data in real time and calculate the attenuation degree and vibration impact degree of the current optical cable transmission; the data includes the attenuation amount and vibration acceleration of the optical cable.

[0029] The communication optical cables are fixedly connected through the towers and use the internal optical fibers to transmit optical power to achieve full coverage of regional communications.

[0030] Optical power sensors are installed at the optical cable fixtures at the beginning (input end) and end (output end) of the tower. The acquisition frequency of the optical power sensor at the input end is preset to be once per second, and the acquisition frequency of the optical power sensor at the output end is determined according to the transmission delay time of the optical power from the input end to the output end, that is, once per second plus the delay time. The delay time here is the quotient of the optical cable length divided by the refractive index of the optical fiber in the optical cable.

[0031] Through the above acquisition process, an input optical power sequence and a corresponding output optical power sequence can be obtained, and the optical power at corresponding positions of the two sequences is subtracted and taken in absolute value to obtain the attenuation of the optical cable signal at each acquisition.

[0032] Considering that the environment in which the optical cable is located (such as wind speed, ice cover, etc.) may cause the optical cable to vibrate, a three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the area where the optical cable clamp is fixed at the beginning of the tower to collect vibration acceleration data of the optical cable in the vertical, horizontal and oblique vibration directions at a frequency of once per second.

[0033] The above-mentioned signal attenuation can be used to preliminarily evaluate the transmission performance and life of the optical cable. At the same time, by collecting the vibration acceleration data of the optical cable in different directions, it is possible to understand the dynamic changes of the environment in which the optical cable is located and the impact of these changes on the transmission performance of the optical cable.

[0034] In the absence of external interference, the attenuation of the signal transmitted by the optical cable is mainly determined by the refractive index of the optical cable. This attenuation is relatively small and stable. When the optical cable is subjected to external vibration or mechanical stress, the optical fiber may undergo slight deformation, which will cause the optical signal to be further scattered or absorbed, thereby exacerbating the signal attenuation.

[0035] In one embodiment, in order to quantify this influence, the attenuation degree of the current optical cable transmission is evaluated by calculating the absolute difference between the current attenuation and the historical minimum attenuation, and the relative change between the current attenuation and the average of the previous attenuations. The attenuation degree of the current optical cable transmission satisfies the relationship:

[0036] In the formula, is the attenuation of the current optical cable transmission, is the minimum historical attenuation value, is the attenuation of the current optical cable transmission, represents the total number of historical optical cable transmissions referenced before the current optical cable transmission (in the embodiment of the present invention, the initial value is 50 or 100), For the The attenuation of the historical optical cable transmission.

[0037] in, The absolute difference between the current attenuation and the historical minimum attenuation is calculated. The larger the absolute difference, the higher the attenuation of the current optical cable transmission is, which may be due to optical fiber deformation caused by external interference. The calculation is before The average attenuation of the optical cable transmission is The change ratio of the current attenuation relative to the average attenuation of the previous times is calculated. A large ratio means that the attenuation of the current optical cable transmission has increased significantly compared with the previous times, further indicating strong external interference.

[0038] In summary, if The larger the value is, the more the attenuation in the current optical cable transmission process has increased significantly compared to the ideal situation, and this increase has a larger fluctuation compared with the attenuation in the previous transmissions, which means that the current optical cable transmission process is subject to strong mechanical stress interference.

[0039] In another embodiment, a different calculation method for the attenuation degree of the current optical cable transmission is provided, that is, the relationship is satisfied:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, is the attenuation of the current optical cable transmission, is the attenuation of the current optical cable transmission, represents the historical average attenuation, represents the total number of historical optical cable transmissions referenced before the current optical cable transmission (in the embodiment of the present invention, the initial value is 50 or 100), For the The attenuation of the historical optical cable transmission. When the attenuation of the current optical cable transmission is greater than 0, it means that the current optical cable attenuation is accelerating, otherwise the attenuation is slowing down.

[0042] It should be noted that vibrations in different directions will affect signal attenuation in different ways. For example, severe vibrations in the vertical direction will cause the optical fiber to stretch longitudinally, and the optical fiber will bend significantly under its own gravity, resulting in a greater impact on signal attenuation in this direction. Therefore, the changes in vibration data in different directions during the current optical cable transmission process compared to those in a specific direction are analyzed to assess the degree of vibration influence in the actual specific direction of the current optical cable transmission.

[0043] In one embodiment, for the current optical cable transmission, the vibration acceleration data in different vibration directions during the transmission process is obtained, the ratio of the vibration acceleration in each vibration direction to the historical maximum vibration acceleration in the corresponding vibration direction is calculated and normalized, and the vibration influence degree of the current optical cable transmission in each vibration direction is obtained. Then the vibration influence degree of the current optical cable transmission in each vibration direction satisfies the relationship:

[0044] In the formula, This is the first The degree of vibration influence in each vibration direction, This is the first The vibration acceleration in each vibration direction, This is the first The maximum vibration acceleration in each vibration direction, is the number of vibration directions (in the embodiment of the present invention, namely, vertical, lateral and oblique vibration directions).

[0045] in, Indicates the current optical cable transmission process. The ratio of the vibration acceleration in a vibration direction to the historical maximum vibration acceleration in that direction reflects the relative intensity of the current vibration in that direction. It represents the sum of the ratios of the current optical cable transmission vibration acceleration in all directions to the respective historical maximum vibration acceleration, reflecting the comprehensive vibration intensity of the current optical cable transmission in all directions.

[0046] The larger the value, the more vibration The greater the contribution of a vibration direction to signal attenuation, that is, the more likely this direction is to cause optical fiber bending, etc., the greater the impact on signal transmission.

[0047] In another embodiment, the vibration influence degree of the current optical cable transmission in each vibration direction satisfies the relationship:

[0048] In the formula, This is the first The degree of vibration influence in each vibration direction, This is the first The vibration acceleration in each vibration direction, This is the first The maximum vibration acceleration in each vibration direction, This is the first The peak factor of each vibration direction, is the number of vibration directions.

[0049] in, The relationship is satisfied:

[0050] In the formula, This is the first The peak value of the vibration acceleration in each vibration direction, This is the first The root mean square value of the peak value of the vibration acceleration in each vibration direction.

[0051] Furthermore, according to the above The calculation method of can be used to obtain the degree of vibration influence in other vibration directions during the current optical cable transmission process.

[0052] S2: A sliding window is preset, and the last signal in the sliding window is the current optical cable signal. The smoothing parameters of each optical cable signal in each vibration direction are calculated based on the attenuation degree and vibration influence degree of each optical cable signal in the sliding window.

[0053] Taking into account that vibrations in different directions have different effects on optical cable signals, directly smoothing the attenuation of each signal transmission will blur the importance of certain directions that have a greater impact on signal attenuation. Therefore, higher smoothing parameter values ​​are assigned to directions that have a greater impact on signal attenuation to prevent vibration changes in these directions from being over-processed by the smoothing operation and to maintain their influence on the signal.

[0054] Specifically, for the current optical cable transmission, a sliding window is preset, and its size is N (in the embodiment of the present invention, N=50), and the last signal in the window is the current optical cable signal. According to the attenuation degree and vibration influence degree of the optical cable transmission calculated by S1 above, the attenuation degree corresponding to each optical cable signal in the sliding window and the vibration influence degree in each vibration direction are obtained in the same way, and the smoothing coefficient of each optical cable signal in the sliding window in the corresponding vibration direction is further calculated. Then the smoothing coefficient of each optical cable signal in the sliding window in the corresponding vibration direction satisfies the relationship:

[0055] In the formula, The first The optical cable signal is The smoothing parameter in the vibration direction, The first The attenuation of the optical cable signal, The first The optical cable signal is The degree of vibration influence in each vibration direction, is the attenuation degree of each optical cable signal in the sliding window and its The standard deviation of the product of the vibration influence degrees in the three vibration directions.

[0056] in, Reflects the importance of the vibration of any optical cable signal in this direction to signal transmission within the sliding window corresponding to the current optical cable signal. The larger the value, the more significant the impact of the vibration of the signal in this direction within the sliding window on signal attenuation. The larger the value of During the transmission of optical cable signals, it is due to the The attenuation caused by the excessive influence of a vibration direction on the signal means that the local area is likely to be affected by this direction. Therefore, it is necessary to give a larger smoothing parameter to increase the sensitivity to this direction. It is to standardize it.

[0057] According to the above The calculation method of can be used to obtain the smoothing parameters of all optical cable signals in each vibration direction within the smoothing window.

[0058] S3: The attenuation of the optical cable signal is weighted using the smoothing parameter of each optical cable signal in each vibration direction to obtain the prediction result of the optical cable life.

[0059] First, determine the attenuation of each optical cable signal in the current sliding window, and use the smoothing parameter of each optical cable signal in any vibration direction to weight and average the attenuation of each optical cable transmission to obtain the predicted value of the attenuation of the current optical cable signal transmitted in this direction, that is, the relationship is satisfied:

[0060] In the formula, The current optical cable signal is The predicted value of the attenuation of the transmission in each vibration direction, The first The optical cable signal is The smoothing parameter in the vibration direction, The first The attenuation of the optical cable signal, is the number of optical cable signals within the sliding window.

[0061] Next, the predicted values ​​of attenuation in each vibration direction are added together to obtain the predicted value of the total attenuation of the optical cable signal. The predicted value of the optical cable life is further calculated using the historical minimum attenuation value and the total attenuation predicted value, which satisfies the relationship:

[0062] In the formula, Indicates the predicted value of the optical cable life; Indicates that the current optical cable signal is in The predicted value of the attenuation of the transmission in each vibration direction, Indicates the minimum historical attenuation value, is the total number of the vibration directions.

[0063] By comprehensively considering the attenuation of all signals within the sliding window based on the current optical cable signal, the performance changes of the optical cable under the current usage environment can be more accurately evaluated, thereby providing a more reliable decision-making basis for the maintenance and replacement of the optical cable.

[0064] The larger the value is, the more serious the performance degradation of the current optical cable is, and the shorter the remaining service life of the optical cable may be.

[0065] In order to detect abnormal changes in the performance of optical cables in a timely manner, the threshold is set to 0.7. When the value exceeds 0.7, the system will automatically sound an alarm. After receiving the alarm, the maintenance personnel will take some preventive maintenance measures according to the actual situation (such as inspecting, cleaning, repairing or replacing some damaged parts of the optical cable), thereby extending the service life of the optical cable.

[0066] The system includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, a method for predicting the life of a 5G communication optical cable based on big data according to the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0067] The system also includes other components familiar to those skilled in the art, such as a communication bus and a communication interface. The configuration and functions of these components are known in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0068] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A 5G communication optical cable life prediction method based on big data, characterized in that: include: Collect optical cable signal data in real time and calculate the attenuation and vibration impact of the current optical cable transmission; The data include attenuation and vibration acceleration of the optical cable; A sliding window is preset, the last signal in the sliding window is the current optical cable signal, and the smoothing parameter of each optical cable signal in each vibration direction is calculated based on the attenuation degree and vibration influence degree of each optical cable signal in the sliding window; The corresponding attenuation is weighted averaged using the smoothing parameters of each optical cable signal in each vibration direction in the sliding window to obtain the prediction result of the optical cable life. The prediction result is: ; In the formula, Indicates the predicted value of the optical cable life; Indicates that the current optical cable signal is The predicted value of the attenuation of the transmission in each vibration direction, Indicates the minimum historical attenuation value, is the total number of the vibration directions; the predicted value of the attenuation is obtained by the weighted average.

2. According to a method for predicting the life of a 5G communication optical cable based on big data according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The prediction results also include: When the predicted value of the life span is greater than a preset threshold, an early warning is triggered.

3. A 5G communication optical cable life prediction method based on big data according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the attenuation degree includes: Calculate the absolute difference between the current attenuation of optical cable transmission and the historical minimum attenuation; Calculate the change ratio of the current attenuation of optical cable transmission compared with the average attenuation of several historical times; The product of the absolute difference and the change ratio is used as the attenuation degree of the current optical cable transmission.

4. A 5G communication optical cable life prediction method based on big data according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the vibration impact degree includes: The ratio of the vibration acceleration in each vibration direction to the historical maximum vibration acceleration in the corresponding vibration direction is calculated and normalized to obtain the vibration influence degree of the current optical cable transmission in each vibration direction.

5. A 5G communication optical cable life prediction method based on big data according to claim 4, characterized in that: The smoothing parameter satisfies the relationship: ; In the formula, The first The optical cable signal is The smoothing parameter in the vibration direction, The first The attenuation of the optical cable signal, The first The optical cable signal is The degree of vibration influence in each vibration direction, is the attenuation degree of each optical cable signal in the sliding window and its The standard deviation of the product of the vibration influence degrees in the three vibration directions.

6. A 5G communication optical cable life prediction method based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the attenuation degree includes: Calculate the difference between the current attenuation of optical cable transmission and the historical average attenuation; The ratio of the difference to the historical average attenuation is used as the attenuation degree of the current optical cable transmission.

7. A 5G communication optical cable life prediction method based on big data according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vibration influence degree satisfies the relationship: ; In the formula, This is the first The degree of vibration influence in each vibration direction, This is the first The vibration acceleration in each vibration direction, This is the first The maximum vibration acceleration in each vibration direction, This is the first The peak factor of each vibration direction, is the number of vibration directions.

8. A 5G communication optical cable life prediction method based on big data according to claim 7, characterized in that: The peak factor is the peak value of the current optical cable transmission process. The ratio of the peak value of the vibration impact in each vibration direction to its root mean square value.

9. The method for predicting the life of a 5G communication optical cable based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current optical cable signal is at The predicted value of the attenuation of the transmission in each vibration direction satisfies the relationship: ; In the formula, The current optical cable signal is The predicted value of the attenuation of the transmission in each vibration direction, The first The optical cable signal is The smoothing parameter in the vibration direction, The first The attenuation of the optical cable signal, is the number of optical cable signals within the sliding window.

10. A 5G communication optical cable life prediction system based on big data, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, a method for predicting the life of a 5G communication optical cable based on big data is implemented according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images