Flue-cured tobacco grading system and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a flue-cured tobacco grading system and application thereof, and belongs to the field of flue-cured tobacco grading. The method is suitable for different customers, is easy to master, guides the grading of the export flue-cured tobaccos, can effectively improve the grading quality and efficiency, reduces the production and operation cost, improves the finished product quality and economic benefits, meets the requirements of the customers, and enhances the international market competitiveness of the export flue-cured tobaccos.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of flue-cured tobacco grading, and in particular relates to a flue-cured tobacco grading system and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tobacco leaf grading is an important and indispensable basic link before the redrying of export flue-cured tobacco. The quality of tobacco leaf grading will directly affect the appearance and internal quality of the finished product, and further affect the sales and economic benefits of tobacco leaves.

[0003] However, there are currently many customers in Hunan who export flue-cured tobacco. Different customers have different standards and systems for guiding tobacco grading. No universal and easy-to-master standard and system for grading export flue-cured tobacco has been established. It is difficult for tobacco graders to fully master the grading standards and systems of different customers, which can easily lead to confusion, affecting the quality and efficiency of tobacco grading, and thus reducing the quality of finished flue-cured tobacco products. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a flue-cured tobacco grading standard and grade code that is common to different customers and easy to master, to form a grading guide to guide the grading of export flue-cured tobacco, to improve the grading quality and efficiency, to reduce production and operation costs, to provide a high-level raw material guarantee for the implementation of formula leaf threshing, to improve the quality of finished products and economic benefits, so as to meet customer needs.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A flue-cured tobacco grading system, characterized in that it includes the following grade codes: XL3, XL4, XO3, XO4, The meanings of the letters and numbers in the grade code are as follows: 1. Leaf position X: lower leaves; C: middle leaves; M: upper second shed leaves; B: upper leaves; CX: lower middle leaves; 2. Color L: lemon yellow; O: orange yellow; F: dark orange yellow; R: reddish brown; K: variegated; V: slightly green; J: variegated upper leaves; 3. Quality 1: high quality; 2: good quality; 3: average quality; 4: low quality; 5: poor quality.

[0006] Furthermore, the variegated colors include whitish, light, gray, spots, fading, sun spots, graying or baked red, and the variegated colors of the upper leaves include whitish, light, gray, spots, fading, sun spots and graying.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: It is suitable for different customers and easy to master. It can guide the grading of export flue-cured tobacco, effectively improve the grading quality and efficiency, reduce production and operation costs, and improve the quality of finished products and economic benefits, thereby meeting customer needs and enhancing the international market competitiveness of export flue-cured tobacco.

[0008] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade XL3 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade XL4 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade XO3 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade XO4 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade XO5 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the quality grade CO3 flue-cured tobacco shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the quality grade CO4 flue-cured tobacco shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade CO5 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade MO4 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade CXV shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade CXK shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BO3 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BO4 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BF3 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.15This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BF4 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BL4 shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BLJ shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BOJ shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BFJ shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BK shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BKR shown in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of flue-cured tobacco of quality grade BV shown in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0011] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0012] 1. Experimental location and materials The present invention was tested at the Chenzhou Redrying Plant of Hunan Tobacco Redrying Co., Ltd. from 2020 to 2021. The primary flue-cured tobacco for export in Hunan that year was used as raw material. Hunan Import and Export Company and Chenzhou Redrying Plant invited experts in tobacco grading from Global Company, Lianyi Company, United Company, Pureming Company and other companies to exchange ideas on export flue-cured tobacco grading standards, and discussed the formulation of Hunan export flue-cured tobacco grading standards. Based on the principles of simplification and practicality, the grade code system was determined according to factors such as the position, color, maturity, leaf structure, identity, oil content, and chroma of the tobacco leaves to form a universal and easy-to-master Hunan export flue-cured tobacco grading application guide, carry out theoretical and practical training, and adopt a "static" sorting mode.

[0013] 2. Test methods (1) Grading acceptance criteria Random inspection will be carried out on 10% of each grade. Grades with a pass rate below 80% will not be allowed into storage and will be returned for re-selection. If any Class I debris is found, it will be returned for re-selection, and Class II and III debris will be strictly controlled.

[0014] (2) Comparative analysis of physical and chemical properties of selected tobacco leaves The internal chemical components of the selected tobacco leaves, mainly nicotine, are tested to analyze the balance of nicotine content in tobacco leaves of the same grade after selection from the same producing area. At the same time, the differences in nicotine content in tobacco leaves of the same grade after selection from different producing areas are analyzed to provide a reference for the reasonable arrangement of leaf threshing formula.

[0015] (3) Flue-cured tobacco product processing and effect evaluation analysis We carry out production and processing of export tobacco leaves according to the processing plan provided by the customer, strictly implement the relevant indicators and requirements proposed by the customer, and use the standards of "Quality Inspection Measures for Homogenization Processing of Leaf Threshing and Redrying Enterprises (Trial)" (China Tobacco Leaf Re-drying

[2017] No. 13) and "Notice on Promoting Homogenization and Redrying Processing of Key Brand Raw Materials in 2018" (China Tobacco Office

[2018] No. 164) issued by China Leaf Tobacco Company as the basis for testing and analyzing indicators such as nicotine CV value, moisture CV value, packing density CV value, and debris in the finished product to evaluate the quality of export flue-cured tobacco products. Example 1

[0016] Through the above tests, we have used the position, maturity, color, identity, chroma, oil content and other quality factors of tobacco leaves as the basis for grading. Based on the characteristics of Hunan export flue-cured tobacco, we have discussed with internationally renowned tobacco companies such as Global Leaf Tobacco, Alliance One International, and Premier, and formed export flue-cured tobacco sorting standards and codes that are common to different customers, thus establishing a flue-cured tobacco grading system. Please refer to Figure 1-22 .

[0017] Level Code quality color Maturity Blade structure identity Oil content Chroma XL3 generally Lemon Yellow Mature loose Thin Slightly middle XL4 Low Lemon Yellow False ripeness loose Thin few light XO3 generally Orange Mature loose Slightly thin Slightly middle XO4 Low Orange False ripeness loose Thin few light XO5 Difference Orange False ripeness Still loose Thin few weak CO3 Slightly better Orange Mature loose medium have Medium, strong CO4 generally Orange Mature loose Slightly thin Slightly middle CO5 Low Orange Still mature Still loose Slightly thin few light MO4 generally Orange Mature loose medium Slightly middle CXV Poor, low / Still mature loose Slightly thin, medium Slightly, Yes / CXK Difference / Ripe, underripe Still loose, loose Thin, medium few / BO3 Slightly better Orange Mature Slightly dense Slightly thick have middle BO4 generally Orange Mature Slightly dense thick Slightly middle BF3 Slightly better Dark orange Mature Slightly dense Slightly thick have middle BF4 generally Dark orange Mature Slightly dense thick Slightly middle BL4 generally Lemon Yellow Mature close Slightly thick Slightly middle BLJ Low Lemon Yellow Still mature close Slightly thick, thick Slightly, a little / BOJ Low Orange Still mature close Slightly thick, thick Slightly, a little / BFJ Low Dark orange Still mature close Slightly thick, thick Slightly, a little / BK Difference / Ripe, underripe Slightly dense, tight Slightly thick, thick Slightly, a little / BKR Low Reddish brown Ripe, underripe Slightly dense, tight Slightly thick, thick Slightly, a little / BV Poor, low / Ripe, underripe Slightly dense, tight Slightly thick, thick Slightly, a little / Table 1 Referring to Table 1, the flue-cured tobacco grading system includes the above 22 grades. It should be noted that the meanings of the letters and numbers of the grade codes in Table 1 are as follows: 1 Leaf position X: lower leaves, including foot leaves and lower two shed leaves, thin to slightly thin; C: middle leaves, mainly waist leaves, thin to medium in quality; M: upper two shed leaves, medium to slightly thick; B: upper lobe, upper lobe and parietal lobe, identity slightly thick to thick; CX: Lower middle.

[0018] 2 Color L: lemon yellow; O: orange-yellow; F: dark orange-yellow; R: reddish brown; K: variegated (whitish, light, gray, spotted, faded, sun-stained, grayed or baked red); V: slightly green; J: variegated (mainly for the upper leaves that are whitish, light, gray, spotted, faded, sun-stained, and grayed).

[0019] 3. Quality 1: High quality, mature, good elasticity, loose texture, granular texture, strong color; 2: Slightly better quality, moderately ripe to mature, medium elasticity, medium graininess, medium to strong color; 3: Average quality, moderately ripe to mature, medium to weak elasticity, medium to at least grainy texture, medium color; 4: Low quality, fake ripe or over ripe, weak elasticity, less graininess, light color; 5: Poor quality, fake ripe or underripe, poor elasticity, little graininess, weak color. Example 2

[0020] The flue-cured tobacco grading system shown in the present invention was implemented in 2020, and the sorting efficiency has been greatly improved compared with the past, please see Table 2.

[0021] year Quantity (kg) Number of people sorted (persons) Sorting days (days) Sorting efficiency (kg / day / person) 2018 36649 145 25 10.1 2019 35920 145 22 11.3 2020 38749 130 24 12.4 2021 86181 150 45 12.7

[0022] Table 2 In 2020, 38,749 dan of flue-cured tobacco were sorted and exported, with an average daily sorting volume of 12.4 dan per person. The sorting efficiency increased by 22% and 10% compared with 2018 and 2019, respectively. In 2021, 86,181 dan of flue-cured tobacco were sorted and exported, with an average daily sorting volume of 12.7 dan per person. The sorting efficiency increased by 25.7%, 12.3% and 2.4% compared with 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively.

[0023]

[0024] Table 3 Further, please refer to Table 3. Through the flue-cured tobacco grading system shown in the present invention and after strengthening tobacco leaf grading training, the grading quality of exported flue-cured tobacco has achieved certain results, and the qualified rate of tobacco leaf grades after selection has been significantly improved. Since the implementation of the project in 2020, the qualified rate of tobacco leaf grades after each sorting has been above 80%.

[0025] It can be seen that the flue-cured tobacco grading system shown in the present invention is scientific and effective. Sorting by using this grading system can significantly improve the efficiency of flue-cured tobacco sorting and improve the quality of tobacco leaves of various grades. Example 3

[0026] Based on the standards of the "Quality Inspection Methods for Homogenization Processing of Leaf Threshing and Redrying Enterprises (Trial)" (China Tobacco Leaf Redrying

[2017] No. 13) and the "Notice on Promoting Homogenization and Redrying Processing of Key Brand Raw Materials in 2018" (China Tobacco Office

[2018] No. 164) issued by China Leaf Tobacco Company, the nicotine CV value, moisture CV value, and packing density CV value of the finished product are tested and analyzed to evaluate the quality of the finished export flue-cured tobacco products. Please see Table 4.

[0027]

[0028] Table 4 It can be seen that the nicotine CV values ​​of the three grades of finished tobacco sheets are all within 4%, reaching the excellent indicators specified in the standards. At the same time, the purity of the three grades of finished tobacco sheets is good. The average number of Class I impurities detected in a single box does not exceed 1, and the average number of Class II and Class III impurities detected in a single box does not exceed 3, all of which are in line with national standards.

[0029] In summary, the present invention has established a flue-cured tobacco grading system by testing and improving the existing sorting grades. The grading system has greatly improved the sorting efficiency and quality, is beneficial to the progress and development of the tobacco industry, and is greatly improved compared with the existing technology.

[0030] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0031] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A flue-cured tobacco grading system, characterized in that: The following grade codes are included: XL3, XL4, XO3, XO4, The meanings of the letters and numbers in the grade code are as follows:

1. Leaf position X: lower leaves; C: middle leaves; M: upper second shed leaves; B: upper leaves; CX: lower middle leaves; 2. Color L: lemon yellow; O: orange yellow; F: dark orange yellow; R: reddish brown; K: variegated; V: slightly green; J: variegated upper leaves; 3. Quality 1: high quality; 2: good quality; 3: average quality; 4: low quality; 5: poor quality.

2. A flue-cured tobacco grading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variegated colors include whitish, light, gray, spots, fading, sun spots, graying or baked red, and the variegated colors of the upper leaves include whitish, light, gray, spots, fading, sun spots and graying.

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