Gas-liquid distributor, distribution method and multiphase flow reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas-liquid distributor, a gas-liquid distribution method and a multiphase flow reactor, the gas-liquid distributor is applied to the multiphase flow reactor, the gas-liquid distributor comprises a flexible internal member, the flexible internal member further comprises a flexible surface which is arranged above a gas-liquid jet orifice in the reactor and extends along the axial direction of the reactor; the whole flexible surface is in a gradually-changed bent shape and is immersed in a liquid phase of the reactor; the cage-shaped unit is formed by enclosing a plurality of flexible surfaces in the radial direction in the reactor to form a cage-shaped structure; and the space in the reactor is divided into a plurality of cage-shaped units which are uniformly distributed by the plurality of cage-shaped structures. Through the flexible surfaces extending axially and the cage-shaped structure constructed by the flexible surfaces, the size of a bubble phase interface can be effectively improved, and bubbles are distributed more uniformly; according to the invention, a coking part can be guided to a specified position and discharged in time, so that a green coke precursor is prevented from forming small coke particles at the middle upper part in the reactor, adhering to a thermocouple, the wall surface of the reactor or a liquid phase outlet, and even suspending in a liquid phase product to influence the product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, and in particular to a gas-liquid distributor and a distribution method applicable to a multiphase flow reactor. Background Art

[0002] Multiphase flow reactors are widely used in many chemical fields such as catalytic hydrogenation, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, biological fermentation, sewage treatment, flotation, etc. In the multiphase flow reaction process, the gas / liquid phase is ejected into the reactor through the distributor set at the bottom of the reactor. Under the action of surface tension, inertial force, and viscous force, the continuous gas phase is sheared into relatively independent bubbles and dispersed in the reactor; under the action of the solid phase (which can be a catalyst, bacterial colony or mineral), the rising bubbles continuously react chemically with the surrounding liquid phase; then, the gas phase leaves the reactor from the top, and the liquid phase leaves the reactor from the side overflow pipe.

[0003] The size of the bubble phase interface is one of the important factors that determine the efficiency of the three-phase reaction. It is necessary that the bubbles in the reactor should not only have a small diameter, but also be evenly distributed. Under ideal conditions, the continuous gas phase can be evenly dispersed in the reactor after being dispersed by the gas distributor. However, constrained by the second law of thermodynamics (entropy or disorder spontaneously decreases), the bubbles in the reactor will spontaneously converge to the middle to form a bubble column or even a gas phase passage; secondly, under the influence of the amplification effect, the phase uniformity in the flow field decreases with the expansion of the reactor scale; in order to avoid the catalyst, colony, mineral or product coke blocking the distributor hole during the reaction, the distributor aperture is usually set larger, which not only makes the diameter of the generated bubbles larger, but also reduces the pressure drop of the distributor. Existing theories show that the minimum pressure drop of the distributor is 0.2 to 0.4 times the pressure drop of the bed layer to make the gas distribution of the bed layer uniform. The above reasons make the distribution of bubbles in industrial reactors more and more uneven, and the size of the phase interface decreases sharply.

[0004] The existing strategy is to use more agitators and baffles to reduce the diameter of bubbles and improve the distribution of bubbles. The principle is to introduce multiple static walls into the flow field to shear large bubbles and break them into small bubbles. However, static walls will introduce dead zones into the flow field, which will hinder both mass transfer and heat transfer, and static walls are prone to adsorb coke precursors and provide an environment for coke. Therefore, the installation of baffles will induce local coke formation and hot spots in the reactor, thereby causing production accidents. Mechanical stirring requires a motor outside the reactor to connect to the internal mechanical shaft to achieve stirring. Although the dynamic wall makes up for some of the defects of the static wall, there are also many problems: such as leakage at the connection between the motor and the shaft, corrosion of the stirring blades, introduction of mechanical impurities into the system, eccentric operation of the shaft, and high cost. In addition, the higher the degree of turbulence of the fluid flow, the greater the stirring power consumed, which is not in line with the current energy conservation and emission reduction policies.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gas-liquid distributor with a flexible structure that can be set in a multiphase flow reactor to improve bubble distribution, prevent coking on the reactor wall, and thereby improve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a gas-liquid distributor and a distribution method, which are used in a multiphase flow reactor. The size of the bubble phase interface can be effectively improved through an axially extending flexible surface and a cage-like structure constructed by the flexible surface, and the bubble distribution is more uniform.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a gas-liquid distributor and distribution method, which can guide the coking site to a designated location and discharge it in time, so as to prevent the coking precursor from forming small coke particles in the middle and upper part of the reactor, adhering to the thermocouple, the reactor wall or the liquid phase outlet, or even suspending in the liquid phase product to affect the product quality.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas-liquid distributor for use in a multiphase flow reactor, comprising a flexible internal component, which further comprises: a flexible surface, which is arranged above the gas-liquid jet port in the reactor and extends axially along the reactor; the flexible surface is gradually curved as a whole and immersed in the liquid phase of the reactor; a cage-like unit, which is formed by a plurality of flexible surfaces enclosed in the radial direction in the reactor to form a cage-like structure; a plurality of the cage-like structures divide the space in the reactor into a plurality of evenly distributed cage-like units.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the flexible internal component may also include: a supporting main rod, which extends axially along the reactor and is fixed on the gas phase distributor through a base; supporting sub-rods, which are arranged in two groups with three rods in each group, and each group of supporting sub-rods is arranged at both ends of the supporting main rod and are perpendicular to the supporting main rod; the three supporting sub-rods are on the same horizontal plane and arranged in a snowflake shape, and the two groups of supporting sub-rods are used to suspend and fix the flexible surface.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the supporting sub-rod may have a rough surface. The rough surface may be provided as grooves uniformly arranged along the radial direction of the supporting sub-rod and extending along the axial direction of the supporting sub-rod; the grooves may be coated with a coke precursor having the same properties as the raw material, so as to guide the coke precursor in the raw material to be adsorbed in the grooves for polycondensation reaction.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the length of the supporting sub-rod can be adapted to the spacing between the gas-liquid jet ports; the diameter of the supporting sub-rod can be 4 mm to 6 mm; and the width and depth of the groove can both be 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the materials of the supporting main rod and the supporting auxiliary rod can both be stainless steel or titanium; the supporting main rod can have a smooth surface and be coated with an anti-coking film.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the supporting sub-rod and the flexible surface can be fixed by means of snap-fit ​​or welding; when the snap-fit ​​method is used for fixing, a wedge-shaped slot can be provided on the supporting sub-rod.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the cross-sectional shape of the cage-shaped unit may be an equilateral triangle.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the flexible surface can be curved in an S-shaped periodic manner, and through holes can be evenly arranged on the flexible surface, and the aperture of the through holes is 4 mm to 6 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the material of the flexible surface can be stainless steel or corrosion-resistant plastic, and the surface can be coated with an anti-coking film.

[0018] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas-liquid distribution method, using any of the distributors described above, which at least comprises the following steps: A. the bubbles generated by the gas-liquid jet holes enter different cage structures respectively, restricting the bubbles from spontaneously gathering toward the center; B. in the cage structure, the gas and liquid impact the flexible surface to cause it to vibrate, and the vibrating flexible surface provides shear force for the flow field, so that the bubbles in the cage structure are continuously sheared to form small bubbles.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, before step A, it may also include: the bubbles generated by the gas-liquid jet hole are first sheared by the supporting auxiliary rod to form smaller bubbles and then enter different cage structures respectively.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, after step B, it may also include: C. The small bubbles (<5.4 mm) sheared by the vibrating flexible surface diffuse radially along the reactor through the through holes on the flexible surface under the action of the lateral lift, and the small bubbles are continuously transported toward the side wall of the reactor.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, after step C, it may also include: D. When the liquid phase passes through the flexible inner component, the coke precursor generated by condensation is guided to the groove of the supporting auxiliary rod to form coke.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, after step D, it may also include: E. After the coke reaches a certain diameter, it is impacted by the rising gas and liquid and falls off from the groove, and is deposited above the densely distributed supporting sub-rods (it can be regularly discharged from the slag discharge port of the gas-liquid distributor); as the coke of larger diameter is discharged, the coke precursor in the raw material continues to coke in the groove.

[0023] To achieve the above object, according to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multiphase flow reactor, using any of the aforementioned gas-liquid distributors, wherein a plurality of flexible internal components of the gas-liquid distributor are provided and densely arranged in the reactor.

[0024] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the arrangement density of the flexible internal components can be adapted to the arrangement density of the gas-liquid jet ports. In the application of large-diameter reactors, the arrangement density of the flexible internal components can gradually decrease from the center of the reactor to the side wall.

[0025] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the projection position of the supporting sub-rod of the flexible inner component may correspond to the position of the gas-liquid jet port.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1) In the present invention, the position of the lower end supporting auxiliary rod is adapted to the position of the gas-liquid jet port, so that the bubbles generated by the gas-liquid jet port can be initially sheared by the lower end supporting auxiliary rod before entering the cage structure, thereby creating more favorable conditions for the bubbles that subsequently enter the cage structure to be further sheared into smaller bubbles;

[0028] 2) The flexible internal components of the present invention can be arranged in the reactor to form a cage-like structure, and the bubbles initially broken by the lower end supporting auxiliary rod can enter the separated different cage-like units at different positions, which can limit the bubbles from spontaneously gathering toward the center and forming large bubbles or bubble clusters;

[0029] 3) In the cage-like structure of the present invention, the gas / liquid can impact the flexible surface to make it vibrate, and the vibrating flexible surface can provide a strong shear force for the flow field, so that the bubbles in the cage-like structure are continuously sheared to form small bubbles, which is more conducive to the gas-liquid mass transfer reaction;

[0030] 4) Through holes are provided on the flexible surface of the present invention, and these small bubbles can diffuse radially along the reactor through the through holes of the flexible surface under the action of lateral lift, and continuously transport small bubbles to the side wall of the reactor, thereby avoiding the excessive concentration of central bubbles and agglomerating into large bubbles again, greatly improving the distribution of bubbles in the reactor, and making the bubbles more uniform;

[0031] 5) The flexible surface of the present invention will not form edges and corners during the vibration process, which can maximize the guarantee that the fluid will not form boundary layer separation when passing through the flexible surface, and reduce the pressure drop caused by the fluid running resistance; the vibrating flexible surface also avoids the risk of solid wall coking and blocking the channel;

[0032] 6) The supporting sub-rods of the present invention are arranged in two groups, which can not only fully expand the fixed flexible surface, but also the supporting sub-rods at the lower end can preliminarily break the large bubbles from the gas-liquid jet orifice, creating favorable conditions for obtaining bubbles with smaller diameters in the subsequent process. The supporting sub-rods at the upper end can not only be used to adsorb the coke precursors in the raw materials to achieve "fixed-point" coke production, but the densely arranged supporting sub-rods are like "branches" and can also be used to effectively deposit the coke with larger diameters after falling off.

[0033] 7) The groove of the present invention is coated with a coke precursor with the same properties as the raw material, which can effectively guide the coke precursor in the raw material to be adsorbed in the groove to undergo polycondensation reaction; it can effectively prevent the coke precursor from forming small coke particles in the middle and upper part of the reactor, adhering to the thermocouple, the reactor wall or the liquid phase outlet, or even suspending in the liquid phase product to affect the product quality; as these larger-diameter cokes are discharged from the reactor through the solid discharge port located above the gas-liquid distributor, the coke precursor in the raw material can continue to coke in the groove of the supporting auxiliary rod, thereby better realizing the continuity of the reaction;

[0034] 8) The equilateral triangle cage structure of the present invention can not only ensure the technical effect of the cage unit itself, but also make the arrangement of the flexible internal components in the reactor more compact and uniform.

[0035] 9) The flexible surface of the present invention has great operational flexibility and high energy utilization rate, and can spontaneously adjust the amplitude and frequency according to the operating load, thereby reducing the loss of gas-liquid energy and avoiding a significant increase in pressure drop.

[0036] When the operating load is small, the bubble aggregation is not obvious, and strong shear crushing strength is not required. At this time, the force of the fluid on the flexible surface is also small, the amplitude and frequency of the flexible surface are not high, and the shearing effect on the bubbles is weak; when the operating load is large, the bubble aggregation is obvious, and strong shear crushing strength is required. At this time, the force of the fluid on the flexible surface is also large, the amplitude and frequency of the flexible surface are high, and the shearing effect on the bubbles is strong.

[0037] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other purposes, technical features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the flexible inner component of the gas-liquid distributor of the present invention (no holes are opened on the flexible surface).

[0039] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the flexible inner component of the gas-liquid distributor of the present invention (holes are opened on the flexible surface).

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a cage-shaped unit composed of three internal components of the gas-liquid distributor of the present invention (no holes are opened on the flexible surface).

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a cage-shaped unit composed of three internal components of the gas-liquid distributor of the present invention (with holes opened on the flexible surface).

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of a cage-shaped unit composed of three internal components of the gas-liquid distributor of the present invention (no holes are opened on the flexible surface).

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of a cage-shaped unit composed of three internal components of the gas-liquid distributor of the present invention (with holes opened on the flexible surface).

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement structure of the gas-liquid distributor of the present invention in the reactor.

[0045] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the supporting auxiliary rod in the gas-liquid distributor of the present invention.

[0046] Description of main reference numerals:

[0047] 100 - first flexible inner member, 101 - first cage-like unit, 200 - second flexible inner member, 201 - second cage-like unit;

[0048] 1-flexible surface, 11-through hole, 2-support main rod, 3-support auxiliary rod, 31-groove, 32-wedge-shaped slot, 4-base, 5-gas phase distributor, 51-gas-liquid jet port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0050] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising”, etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0051] In this document, for the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "below", "below", "down", "above", "above", "upper", etc. may be used to describe the relationship between one element or feature and another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the object in the figure is turned over, the element described as being "below" or "below" other elements or features will be oriented "above" the element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both below and above. Objects may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatial relative terms used in this document should be interpreted accordingly.

[0052] In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to limit a specific position or relative relationship. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first", "second", etc. can also be interchangeable.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a gas-liquid distributor that can be used in a multiphase flow reactor (i.e., a gas-liquid-solid reaction), including a flexible internal component (e.g. Figure 1 , 3 , 5) the first flexible inner member 100, the flexible inner member 100 at least comprises a flexible surface 1 and a cage-like unit 101 constructed by a plurality of flexible surfaces 1. The flexible surface 1 is arranged above the gas-liquid jet port 51 in the reactor and extends axially along the reactor (not shown in the figure); the flexible surface is gradually curved as a whole and immersed in the liquid phase of the reactor. Preferably, but not restrictively, the flexible surface is S-shaped and periodically curved, and through holes are evenly arranged on the flexible surface (the flexible surface with through holes can refer to Figure 2 , 4 , the second flexible inner member 200 in 6), the aperture of the through hole can be 4mm to 6mm. Further, the material of the flexible surface 1 can be stainless steel or corrosion-resistant plastic, and the surface is preferably coated with an anti-coking film. The cage-like unit is formed by enclosing multiple flexible surfaces 1 in the radial direction in the reactor to form a cage-like structure; multiple cage-like structures divide the space in the reactor into multiple cage-like units that are evenly distributed. Specifically, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of flexible inner components 100 are combined together, and the cage-like structure enclosed by adjacent flexible surfaces constitutes a cage-like unit 101 (i.e., a relatively independent space). Figure 3 and Figure 5 The arrangement of the cage units 101 can be arranged in the reactor to construct multiple cage units 101. Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of flexible inner components 200 are combined together, and the cage-like structure enclosed by adjacent flexible surfaces constitutes a cage-like unit 201 (i.e., a relatively independent space). Figure 4 and Figure 6 By arranging them in the reactor in this manner, a plurality of cage-like units 201 can be constructed.

[0055] The flexible inner member of the gas-liquid distributor of this embodiment can be arranged in the reactor to form a cage-like structure, and the bubbles generated by the gas-liquid jet hole at the bottom can enter the separated different cage-like units at different positions, which can limit the bubbles from spontaneously gathering to the center and forming large bubbles or bubble clusters; in the cage-like structure, the gas / liquid can impact the flexible surface to make it vibrate, and the vibrating flexible surface can provide a strong shear force for the flow field, so that the bubbles in the cage-like structure are continuously sheared to form small bubbles, which is beneficial to the gas-liquid mass transfer reaction; in the second embodiment of the flexible inner member (that is, the through hole 11 is opened on the flexible surface 1), these small bubbles can also diffuse radially along the reactor through the through hole 11 of the flexible surface 1 under the action of the lateral lift, and continuously transport small bubbles to the side wall of the reactor, avoiding the excessive concentration of the central bubbles to gather again into large bubbles, greatly improving the distribution of bubbles in the reactor, and making the bubbles more uniform; at the same time, the flexible surface will not form edges and corners during the vibration process, which can maximize the guarantee that the boundary layer separation will not be formed when the fluid passes through the flexible surface, and reduce the pressure drop caused by the fluid running resistance; the vibrating flexible surface also avoids the risk of solid wall coking blocking the channel.

[0056] Further Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the flexible internal member (both the first flexible internal member 100 and the second flexible internal member 200 are applicable) further comprises a supporting main rod 2 and a supporting secondary rod 3 for mounting the flexible surface 1. The supporting main rod 2 extends along the axial direction of the reactor and is fixed on the gas phase distributor 5 through a base 4 (refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 ). Preferably, but not restrictively, the supporting secondary rods 3 can be arranged in two groups, each group having three rods, each group of supporting secondary rods 3 is arranged at both ends of the supporting main rod 2 and is perpendicular to the supporting main rod 2; the three supporting secondary rods are arranged in the same horizontal plane and in a snowflake shape, and the two groups of supporting secondary rods 3 are used to suspend and fix the flexible surface 1. Through such an arrangement, the cross-sectional shape of the cage-like unit is constructed as an equilateral triangle, the arrangement is more compact, and the space in the reactor can be more effectively saved (the arrangement of multiple cage-like units can refer to Figure 7). The support main rod 2 and the base 4 can be connected by thread or welding. The support main rod 2 can be a straight rod or a curved rod, and the material can be stainless steel or titanium; the surface of the support main rod is polished and smooth, and an anti-coking film is preferably coated on the support main rod 2; the main rod diameter is preferably 2mm to 4mm; the main rod height is preferably 150mm to 200mm. The support sub-rod 3 is made of the same material as the support main rod 2, and the two are integrally formed and welded. The diameter of the support sub-rod is preferably 4mm to 6mm; the length of the support sub-rod is preferably 0.9 to 1.0 times the hole spacing of the gas phase distributor 5.

[0057] Further Figure 8 As shown, preferably but not restrictively, the support sub-rod 3 can adopt a rough surface. The rough surface can be set as a groove 31 that is uniformly arranged along the radial direction of the support sub-rod 3 and extends along the axial direction of the support sub-rod 3. A coke precursor with the same properties as the raw material is coated in the groove 31 to guide the coke precursor in the raw material to be adsorbed in the groove to undergo a polycondensation reaction. Since there is a flow dead zone in the groove 31 of the support sub-rod 3, coke precursors such as olefins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the liquid phase are prone to coke in the groove, which can effectively prevent the coke precursor from forming small coke particles in the middle and upper part of the reactor, adhering to the thermocouple, the reactor wall or the liquid phase outlet, or even suspending in the liquid phase product to affect the product quality. Moreover, due to the large momentum of gas and liquid above the gas-liquid distributor, the coke in the groove 31 will fall off from the groove after growing to a certain extent by the impact of gas and liquid. The density of coke is greater than that of liquid phase and is deposited on the flexible internal member (that is, the coke of larger diameter that grows and falls off can be hung on the upper supporting sub-rods 3 densely distributed in the reactor). As these cokes of larger diameter are discharged out of the reactor at the solid discharge port located above the gas-liquid distributor, the coke precursor in the raw material can continue to coke in the groove 31 of the supporting sub-rod 3. Experiments have shown that when the width and depth of the groove are both 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and the grooves are arranged at intervals of 15° to 25° in the radial direction, most of the coke generated and falling off can be deposited on the supporting sub-rods and further discharged from the solid discharge port. The supporting sub-rod 3 at the lower end is used to fix the lower end of the flexible surface 1. More importantly, since the setting position of the supporting sub-rod 3 at the lower end is adapted to the position of the gas-liquid jet port 51, the bubbles generated by the gas-liquid jet port 51 can be initially sheared by the supporting sub-rod 3 before entering the cage-like structure, creating more favorable conditions for the bubbles that subsequently enter the cage-like structure to be further sheared, and the obtained bubble diameter can be smaller. Furthermore, the supporting sub-rod 3 and the flexible surface 1 can be fixed by snap-fit ​​or welding; when the snap-fit ​​method is used for fixing, a wedge-shaped slot 32 can be set on the supporting sub-rod 3, the slot of the upper supporting sub-rod is set at the lower edge, and the slot of the lower supporting sub-rod is set at the upper edge.

[0058] It should be noted here that Figures 1 to 6Only one embodiment of the configuration and arrangement of the flexible internal component is shown in the figure. The configuration and arrangement of the flexible internal component of the present invention can be various. As long as a flexible surface is used and a plurality of cage-like units are constructed by the flexible surface, they should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a gas-liquid distribution method, using the aforementioned gas-liquid distributor, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step S101, the bubbles generated by the gas-liquid jet hole are first sheared by the supporting sub-rod to form smaller bubbles and then enter different cage structures respectively. Specifically, the gas phase is ejected from the jet hole of the gas phase distributor into the liquid phase of the reactor, and the gas phase is sheared into large bubbles under the action of buoyancy and surface tension; these large bubbles are first sheared and broken by the supporting sub-rod at the lower end of the flexible internal component during the rising process, and these initially broken bubbles then enter the cage structure with a triangular cross section constructed by the flexible surface.

[0062] In step S102, the bubbles generated by the gas-liquid jet holes enter different cage structures respectively, which can limit the bubbles from spontaneously gathering toward the center. Specifically, the cage structure will hinder the bubbles from spontaneously gathering toward the center to form large bubbles or bubble clusters due to entropy increase, and can effectively maintain the gas-liquid interface area.

[0063] Step S103, in the cage structure, the gas and liquid impact the flexible surface to make it vibrate, and the vibrating flexible surface provides shear force for the flow field, so that the bubbles in the cage structure are continuously sheared to form small bubbles (the diameter of these small bubbles is smaller than that of the bubbles initially broken in step S101).

[0064] Step S104, the small bubbles sheared by the vibrating flexible surface diffuse radially along the reactor through the through holes on the flexible surface under the action of the lateral lift, and continuously transport the small bubbles toward the reactor side wall. The reduction of bubble size and the increase of distribution uniformity can greatly increase the gas-liquid interface area in the reactor, accelerate mass transfer efficiency, improve reaction rate, increase reaction temperature rise, and reduce inlet temperature; moreover, the coke precursor in the raw material is not easy to adhere to the vibrating flexible surface, avoiding the loss of its function due to coking on the flexible surface, and also avoiding the risk of excessive reaction and coking between gas and liquid caused by catalyst particles falling on the static solid wall; since the vibration of the flexible surface is driven by the fluid, its shape is well matched with the streamline, and the fluid flows through the flexible surface without boundary layer separation, that is, the body resistance of the flexible surface is small, and it will not cause a large pressure drop in the reactor.

[0065] Step S105, when the liquid phase passes through the flexible inner member, the coke precursor generated by condensation is guided to the groove of the supporting auxiliary rod to form coke. The groove of the supporting auxiliary rod is previously coated with a coke precursor of the same nature as the raw material and pretreated at high temperature so that the coke precursor forms coke in the groove. During the reaction, since the groove already contains some coke, the coke precursor in the raw material tends to be adsorbed in the groove and continues to undergo condensation reaction with the coke in the groove, so that the coke in the groove continues to grow.

[0066] Step S106, when the coke grows to a certain size, it is impacted by the rising gas and liquid and falls off from the groove, and is deposited on top of the densely distributed supporting sub-rods; as the coke of larger size is discharged, the coke precursor in the raw material continues to grow coke in the groove. Specifically, after the coke in the groove grows to a certain extent, it will be impacted by high-speed gas / liquid and fall off on top of the flexible internal component, and will not be deposited on the gas-liquid distributor to cause blockage of the jet holes. These large pieces of coke will be discharged out of the reactor through the solid discharge port above the gas-liquid distributor, and the coke precursor in the raw material can continue to grow coke in the groove of the supporting sub-rod. Since the coke precursor in the raw material tends to grow coke on the supporting sub-rod, this avoids the formation of small coke particles in the middle and upper part of the reactor, as well as the attachment to the thermocouple, the reactor wall or the liquid phase outlet, or even suspension in the liquid phase product to affect the product quality.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] This embodiment provides a multiphase flow reactor, using the aforementioned gas-liquid distributor, wherein multiple flexible internal components of the gas-liquid distributor can be provided and densely arranged in the reactor (see Figure 7 ). Preferably, but not restrictively, the arrangement density of the flexible internal components can be adapted to the arrangement density of the gas-liquid jet orifices. In the application of a reactor with a large diameter, the arrangement density of the flexible internal components can be gradually reduced from the center of the reactor to the side wall. Furthermore, the projection position of the supporting secondary rod of the flexible internal component can correspond to the position of the gas-liquid jet orifice, which is more conducive to better shearing and crushing of large bubbles from the jet orifice.

[0069] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above exemplary embodiments should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid distributor, characterized in that: The invention is applied in a multiphase flow reactor, comprising a flexible internal component, wherein the flexible internal component further comprises: A flexible surface is arranged above the gas-liquid jet port in the reactor and extends along the axial direction of the reactor; the flexible surface is gradually curved as a whole and immersed in the liquid phase of the reactor; A cage-like unit, which is formed by enclosing a plurality of the flexible surfaces in the radial direction in the reactor to form a cage-like structure; The multiple cage-like structures divide the space in the reactor into multiple evenly distributed cage-like units.

2. The gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible inner member also includes: A supporting main rod extending along the axial direction of the reactor and fixed on the gas phase distributor through a base; The supporting auxiliary rods are arranged in two groups with three rods in each group. Each group of supporting auxiliary rods is arranged at both ends of the supporting main rod and are perpendicular to the supporting main rod. The three supporting auxiliary rods are on the same horizontal plane and arranged in a snowflake shape. The two groups of supporting auxiliary rods are used to suspend and fix the flexible surface.

3. The gas-liquid distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting auxiliary rod adopts a rough surface.

4. The gas-liquid distributor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rough surface is a groove evenly arranged along the radial direction of the supporting auxiliary rod and extending along the axial direction of the supporting auxiliary rod; a coke precursor having the same properties as the raw material is coated in the groove to guide the coke precursor in the raw material to be adsorbed in the groove to undergo a condensation reaction.

5. The gas-liquid distributor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the supporting auxiliary rod is matched with the spacing between the gas-liquid jet ports; the diameter of the supporting auxiliary rod is 4 mm to 6 mm; the width and depth of the groove are both 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

6. The gas-liquid distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main support rod and the auxiliary support rod are both made of stainless steel or titanium; the main support rod has a smooth surface and is coated with an anti-coking film.

7. The gas-liquid distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting auxiliary rod and the flexible surface are fixed by means of snap-fit ​​or welding. When the snap-fit ​​method is used for fixing, a wedge-shaped slot is provided on the supporting auxiliary rod.

8. The gas-liquid distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the cage-shaped unit is in the shape of an equilateral triangle.

9. The gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible surface is periodically curved in an S shape, and through holes are evenly distributed on the flexible surface, with the aperture of the through holes ranging from 4 mm to 6 mm.

10. The gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible surface is made of stainless steel or corrosion-resistant plastic, and is coated with an anti-coking film.

11. A gas-liquid distribution method, characterized in that: Using the distributor according to any one of claims 1 to 10 comprises the following steps: A. The bubbles generated by the gas-liquid jet hole enter different cage structures respectively, limiting the bubbles from spontaneously gathering toward the center; B. In the cage-like structure, the gas and liquid impact the flexible surface to cause it to vibrate. The vibrating flexible surface provides shear force for the flow field, so that the bubbles in the cage-like structure are continuously sheared to form small bubbles.

12. The gas-liquid distribution method according to claim 11, characterized in that: Before step A, the method further comprises: The bubbles generated by the gas-liquid jet hole are first sheared by the supporting auxiliary rod to form smaller bubbles and then enter different cage structures respectively.

13. The gas-liquid distribution method according to claim 11, characterized in that: After step B, the method further includes: C. The small bubbles sheared by the vibrating flexible surface diffuse radially along the reactor through the through holes on the flexible surface under the action of the lateral lift, and are continuously transported toward the side wall of the reactor.

14. The gas-liquid distribution method according to claim 13, characterized in that: After step C, the method further comprises: D. When the liquid phase passes through the flexible internal component, the coke precursor generated by condensation is guided to the groove of the supporting auxiliary rod to form coke.

15. The gas-liquid distribution method according to claim 14, characterized in that: After step D, the method further includes: E. When the coke reaches a certain size, it is impacted by the rising gas and liquid and falls off from the groove, and is deposited above the densely distributed supporting auxiliary rods; as the coke with a larger size is discharged, the coke precursor in the raw material continues to coke in the groove.

16. A multiphase flow reactor, characterized in that: The gas-liquid distributor according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is used, wherein a plurality of flexible internal components of the gas-liquid distributor are provided and densely arranged in the reactor.

17. The multiphase flow reactor according to claim 16, characterized in that: The arrangement density of the flexible internal components is adapted to the arrangement density of the gas-liquid jet ports. In the application of a reactor with a large diameter, the arrangement density of the flexible internal components gradually decreases from the center of the reactor to the side wall.

18. The multiphase flow reactor according to claim 17, characterized in that: The projected position of the supporting sub-rod of the flexible inner member corresponds to the position of the gas-liquid jet port.

Images