A method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of metal material solid phase additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a kind of solid phase additive single point deposition body morphology acquisition method.The method comprises the following steps: a substrate is arranged below a spray gun nozzle, wherein the spray gun nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular, a baffle is arranged between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate of cold spraying solid phase deposition, and the baffle is parallel to the substrate, and the baffle is provided with an opening;based on the high-pressure cold spraying solid phase deposition process, single point deposition body forming is carried out;in the single point deposition body forming process, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move, the baffle is translated from one side of the substrate to the other side, and a single point deposition body is obtained;the three-dimensional size of the single point deposition body is measured, and the morphology of the single point deposition body is acquired.The present application overcomes the difficulty in accurately controlling the shape of cold spraying solid phase additive, provides a solid phase additive single point deposition body morphology acquisition method, lays a foundation for the establishment of a cold spraying solid phase additive accumulation model, and helps to promote the establishment of a cold spraying solid phase additive shape control method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid-phase additive manufacturing of metal materials, and in particular relates to a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposited body. Background Art

[0002] Solid-phase additive manufacturing (SPM) involves the process of plastically deforming metal raw materials in the solid phase through mechanisms such as friction, mechanical pressure, or velocity, followed by layered deposition, ultimately creating three-dimensional solid components. Compared to melt additive manufacturing (MAM), SPM has low heat input and does not involve melting and solidification of the metal, thus avoiding the cracks and porosity common in molten metal AM. Especially in multi-material additive manufacturing, SPM effectively prevents the formation of intermetallic compounds at heterogeneous interfaces. Furthermore, SPM offers the advantages of high deposition rates, high material utilization, low energy consumption, and excellent mechanical properties of the deposited material. It is widely applicable to light metals and highly plastic materials such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, and copper alloys, and is gaining increasing application in aerospace, defense, and rail transportation. Cold spray SPM, a SPM technology developed from surface coating technology, uses high-pressure gas to accelerate micron-sized powder to extremely high velocities, causing it to impact the substrate or deposited particles in the solid state, undergoing intense plastic deformation and forming localized metallurgical bonds. Cold spray solid-phase additive manufacturing has become one of the most popular solid-phase additive manufacturing technologies due to its unique low-temperature and high-speed deposition, excellent deposited body properties and high preparation efficiency. At present, it has been widely used in remanufacturing in many fields such as aerospace, metallurgy machinery and petrochemicals.

[0003] Cold spray solid-phase deposition is a "point-line-surface-body" accumulation method that transforms "points" into "lines," "lines" into "surfaces," and "surfaces" into "solids." The "point" in cold spray solid-phase deposition is a single-point deposition body, a deposition body formed on a substrate at a certain instant or within a very short time interval. Therefore, the characteristics of single-point deposition bodies in cold spray solid-phase deposition are the basis for establishing material accumulation models. However, during the cold spray solid-phase deposition process, the particles in the working gas are unevenly distributed in the powder beam. After a single deposition pass, the single-point deposition body appears as a "roof" shape that is thick in the middle and thin on both sides. Cold spray deposition is sensitive to deposition angle. Based on this, repeated accumulation of single passes will result in a "triangular" slope, resulting in unstable forming dimensions of the accumulation layer formed by a single deposition pass, making it impossible to achieve the preset target shape. The biggest challenge facing cold spray solid-phase deposition as an additive manufacturing technology is shape control. It is impossible to achieve high-precision forming of parts with complex shapes, which greatly limits its application in complex parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above-mentioned issues, the present invention provides a method for acquiring the morphology of a single-point deposited solid-phase additive material. To overcome the difficulty in precisely controlling the shape of cold-spray solid-phase additive materials, a method for acquiring the morphology of a point-deposited unit of cold-spray solid-phase additive materials is disclosed. Based on the cold-spray solid-phase deposition process, the morphology of the instantaneous single-point deposited body is acquired through the spray gun nozzle and deposition process parameters in the cold-spray solid-phase deposition process, so as to facilitate the establishment of a material single-pass repeated accumulation model based on the morphology of the single-point deposited body. Based on this, an adaptive process path is developed to alleviate the "triangular" slope caused by the repeated accumulation of single passes, which leads to unstable forming dimensions of the accumulation layer formed by the single-pass deposition. The preset target shape is achieved, promoting the establishment of a shape control method for cold-spray solid-phase additive materials, realizing high-precision forming of parts with complex shapes, and further expanding the application of cold-spray solid-phase additive materials in the preparation of complex-shaped components in the fields of aerospace, energy and power, and rail transportation.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposited body, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. A pre-treated substrate is provided below the spray gun nozzle of the cold spray solid phase deposition equipment, wherein the spray gun nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular to each other; a baffle is provided and placed between the spray gun nozzle of the cold spray solid phase deposition equipment and the substrate and the baffle is parallel to the substrate, and an opening is provided on the baffle.

[0008] S2. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid-phase deposition process, the size of the spray gun nozzle, deposition temperature, gas pressure, deposition distance, scanning rate and powder feeding rate of the cold spray solid-phase deposition are selected, and metal powder is used as the cold spray powder to form a single-point deposition body. During the formation of the single-point deposition body, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move, and the baffle is translated from one side of the substrate to the other side to obtain a single-point deposition body.

[0009] S3. Measure the three-dimensional size of a single-point sediment body and obtain the morphology of the single-point sediment body by processing the point cloud data.

[0010] Furthermore, the width of the opening is smaller than the outlet diameter of the spray gun nozzle by 0 mm to 2 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the opening has a length of 30 mm and a width of 4 mm to 5 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the throat diameter of the spray gun nozzle is 2mm to 3mm, the outlet diameter is 5mm to 6mm, the length of the contraction section is 80mm to 90mm, and the length of the expansion section is 160mm to 190mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the height between the baffle and the substrate is 10 mm to 15 mm, and the translation speed of the baffle is 100 mm / s to 500 mm / s.

[0014] Furthermore, the deposition distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is 20 mm to 30 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the metal powder is copper powder prepared by water atomization, and the particle size of the copper powder is 10 μm to 60 μm.

[0016] Furthermore, the substrate is an aluminum alloy substrate.

[0017] Furthermore, the baffle is made of 316 stainless steel.

[0018] Furthermore, the substrate is pretreated by spraying corundum on the substrate at a pressure of 0.4 MPa to 0.8 MPa to remove oxide scale.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention proposes a method for obtaining the morphology of a single-point deposited body of a solid-phase additive material. The spray gun nozzle and the spray gun nozzle and the substrate of a cold spray solid-phase deposition device are fixed, there is no relative movement, and the spraying time is short. The opening form and movement mode of the baffle of the single-point deposited body are designed. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid-phase deposition process, the size of the cold spray solid-phase additive spray gun nozzle is established, and process parameters such as deposition temperature, gas pressure, deposition distance, scanning rate and powder feeding rate are controlled to obtain different single-point deposited bodies. The size of the single-point deposited body is measured, and the cross-sectional contour curve of the single-point deposited body is obtained by processing the three-dimensional point cloud data, that is, the morphology of the single-point deposited body is obtained. The present invention discloses for the first time a method for acquiring the morphology of a point deposition unit body of cold spray solid-phase additive material, so as to facilitate the establishment of a single-channel repeated accumulation model of the material through the morphology of the single-point deposition body, and develop an adaptive process path based on this, so as to alleviate the "triangular" slope caused by the single-channel repeated accumulation, resulting in unstable forming dimensions of the accumulation layer formed by the single-channel deposition, promote the establishment of a shape control method for cold spray solid-phase additive material, realize high-precision forming of parts with complex shapes, promote the further application of cold spray solid-phase additive material in the preparation of complex-shaped components in the fields of aerospace, energy and power, rail transportation, etc., and provide a solution for the high-performance preparation of key components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart of the method for acquiring the morphology of a single-point deposited solid-phase additive manufacturing body according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the single-point deposition body in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3This is a three-dimensional point cloud data diagram of a single-point sediment body in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the professional terms used in the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Certain words are used in the present invention to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art should understand that technicians will use different nouns to refer to the same component. The present invention does not distinguish between components by the difference in nouns, but rather by the difference in the functions of the components. As mentioned throughout the specification and claims, "including" is an open term and should be understood as "including but not limited to".

[0026] Cold spray solid-phase deposition utilizes a "point-line-surface-volume" accumulation process, whereby "points" are transformed into "lines," "lines" into "surfaces," and "surfaces" into "volumes." Therefore, the characterization of single-point deposits in cold spray solid-phase deposition is fundamental to establishing material accumulation models. A single-point deposit forms on a substrate at a single instant or within a very short time interval. However, the continuous powder feeding and high spray gun movement speeds of cold spray make it difficult to capture the morphology of instantaneous single-point deposits.

[0027] Based on the above problems, the present invention provides a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body, the preparation process is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0028] S1. A pre-treated substrate is provided below the spray gun nozzle of the cold spray solid phase deposition equipment, wherein the spray gun nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular to each other; a baffle is provided and placed between the spray gun nozzle of the cold spray solid phase deposition equipment and the substrate and the baffle is parallel to the substrate, and an opening is provided on the baffle.

[0029] S2. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid-phase deposition process, the size of the spray gun nozzle, deposition temperature, gas pressure, deposition distance and powder feeding rate of the cold spray solid-phase deposition are selected, and metal powder is used as the cold spray powder to form a single-point deposition body. During the formation of the single-point deposition body, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move, and the baffle is translated from one side of the substrate to the other side to obtain a single-point deposition body.

[0030] S3. Measure the three-dimensional size of a single-point sediment body and obtain the morphology of the single-point sediment body by processing the point cloud data.

[0031] The present invention is based on the cold spray solid phase deposition process, and meets the requirements of fixing the spray gun nozzle and the spray gun nozzle and the substrate of the cold spray solid phase deposition equipment, without relative movement and with short spraying time. The single-point deposition body baffle opening form and movement mode are designed. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, the size of the cold spray solid phase additive Laval nozzle is established, and the deposition temperature, gas pressure, deposition distance and powder feeding rate process parameters are regulated to obtain different single-point deposition bodies, measure the size of the single-point deposition body, and obtain the cross-sectional contour curve of the single-point deposition body by processing the three-dimensional point cloud data, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional size data of the single-point deposition body, that is, obtaining the morphology of the single-point deposition body. The present invention discloses for the first time a method for acquiring the morphology of a cold spray solid-phase additive point deposition unit, thereby facilitating the establishment of a single-pass repeated accumulation model of a material based on the morphology of a single-point deposit. Based on this, an adaptive process path is developed to alleviate the "triangular" slope caused by repeated accumulation, which leads to unstable dimensional formation of the deposited layer formed by the single-pass deposition. This method promotes the establishment of a shape control method for cold spray solid-phase additive, achieves high-precision forming of parts with complex shapes, and promotes the further application of cold spray solid-phase additive in the preparation of complex-shaped components in aerospace, energy and power, rail transportation and other fields, providing a solution for the high-performance preparation of key components. The single-point deposit is measured by using a non-contact 3D scanner to measure the size of the single-point deposit, and the cross-sectional profile curve of the single-point deposit is obtained by processing the 3D point cloud data. The non-contact 3D scanner measurement uses two cameras at a certain angle to synchronously collect data, decode and calculate the resulting image, and use stereo matching technology to obtain 3D point cloud data of the sample. The 3D data is then processed to obtain the 3D size data of the single-point deposit, that is, the morphology of the single-point deposit.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the width of the opening is 0 mm to 2 mm smaller than the outlet diameter of the spray gun nozzle. It should be noted that the size of the opening is designed based on the beam spot diameter of the single-point deposition body, and the width of the opening is smaller than the beam spot diameter of the single-point deposition body. In the present invention, the beam spot diameter of the single-point deposition body is greater than 6 mm.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, the opening is 30 mm long and 4 to 5 mm wide. Preferably, the opening is located in the center of the baffle and is a rectangular hole. The baffle is placed between the spray gun and the substrate by a robot and kept parallel to the substrate.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the nozzle has a throat diameter of 2mm to 3mm, an outlet diameter of 5mm to 6mm, a contraction section length of 80mm to 90mm, and a divergence section length of 160mm to 190mm. It should be noted that the nozzle employed in the present invention is a Laval nozzle, a core component of cold spray solid-phase additive manufacturing. Through its contracting and expanding internal structure, the inert gas forms a high-speed airflow, carrying powder particles to impact the substrate at high speed to form a deposit.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the height between the baffle and the substrate is 10-15 mm, and the baffle translation speed is 100 mm / s to 500 mm / s. It should be noted that during the baffle translation process, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate remains unchanged and both are fixed in one position and do not move. Only the baffle translates between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate. This design avoids relative movement between the substrate and the spray gun, which could cause the superposition of single-point deposition. The rapid movement of the baffle ensures that deposition is completed in a very short time, satisfying the requirement that a single-point deposition body is a deposition body formed on the substrate at an instant or an extremely short time interval.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the deposition distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is 20 mm to 30 mm, the deposition temperature is 400° C. to 800° C., the gas pressure is 2 MPa to 5 MPa, and the powder feeding rate is 50 g / min to 100 g / min. It should be noted that the present invention regulates the deposition temperature, gas pressure, deposition distance, and powder feeding rate process parameters to ensure that after the spray gun nozzle is accelerated, the critical velocity for copper particle deposition, 300 m / s to 500 m / s, is exceeded, and the copper particle velocity is achieved between 500 m / s and 700 m / s, thereby facilitating the deposition of copper particles.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the metal powder is copper powder prepared by water atomization, and the copper powder particle size is 10μm to 60μm. It should be noted that the copper powder prepared by water atomization is irregularly spherical, and the copper powder particle size is 10μm to 60μm. The metal powder used in the present invention is a conventional metal powder for solid-phase additive manufacturing, such as that widely used in aerospace, energy and power, or rail transportation. The present invention selects copper powder prepared by water atomization as the metal powder, which has a stable water atomization process, more economical cost, and a wide industrial source. This is used to illustrate the morphology acquisition method of the solid-phase additive single-point deposit provided by the present invention.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the substrate is an aluminum alloy substrate. It should be noted that the aluminum alloy substrate used in the present invention is 2219 aluminum alloy. Copper alloy has a high deposition efficiency on the relatively soft 2219 aluminum alloy substrate. Preferably, the length × width × height of the 2219 aluminum alloy substrate is 100 mm × 100 mm × 10 mm, in order to form a single-point deposited body during high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition.

[0039] In specific embodiments, the baffle is 316 stainless steel. It should be noted that the length x width x height of the 316 stainless steel is 100 mm x 100 mm x 5 mm. The 316 stainless steel baffle is used to shield the single-point deposit formed by high-pressure cold spray solid-phase deposition, so that the single-point deposit is only deposited at the opening position of the baffle.

[0040] In specific embodiments, the substrate pretreatment is to spray corundum on the substrate at a pressure of 0.4 MPa to 0.8 MPa to remove the oxide scale.

[0041] The following is further illustrated by specific embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] The present embodiment provides a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposit, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1, select 316 stainless steel as the baffle, the size of the baffle is length x width x height 100 mm x 100 mm x 5 mm, a rectangular opening with a length x width of 30 mm x 5 mm is opened in the center of the baffle, and a pretreated substrate is provided below the nozzle of the cold spray solid-phase deposition equipment, wherein the nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular, the baffle is placed between the nozzle and the substrate by the manipulator and kept parallel to the substrate, and the nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular.

[0045] S2, use water-atomized copper powder as the cold spray powder, the powder is irregular spherical, the powder particle size distribution is 10 to 60 μm, and the average particle size is 20 μm: select 2219 aluminum alloy with a length of 100 mm x width of 100 mm x height of 10 mm as the substrate, remove the oxide scale by spraying corundum at a pressure of 0.6 MPa before spraying, select the size of the Laval nozzle for cold spray solid-phase deposition based on the high-pressure cold spray solid-phase deposition process, the throat diameter is 2.25 mm, the outlet diameter is 5.8 mm, the contraction section length is 85 mm, and the expansion section length is 182 mm

[0046] S3, based on the high-pressure cold spray solid-phase deposition process, the process parameters are: deposition temperature 400℃, gas pressure 2MPa, deposition distance between the nozzle and the substrate 20mm, powder feeding rate 60g / min, single-point deposit forming is carried out, during the single-point deposit forming process, the relative position of the nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move, the height between the baffle and the substrate is 15mm, the baffle is translated from one side of the substrate to the other side at a speed of 200mm / s, and the single-point deposit is obtained.

[0047] S4, use a non-contact scanner to measure the three-dimensional size of the deposit, and extract the cross-sectional profile curve of the single-point deposit by point cloud data processing, i.e. obtain the morphology of the single-point deposit.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] The embodiment provides a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposited body, and comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1, 316 stainless steel is selected as a baffle, the size of the baffle is 100mm*100mm*5mm, a rectangular opening with a length of 30mm and a width of 4.5mm is formed in the center of the baffle, and a pretreated substrate is arranged below a spray gun nozzle of a cold spraying solid-phase deposition device, wherein the spray gun nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular, and the baffle is placed between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate and kept parallel to the substrate by a mechanical hand.

[0051] S2, copper powder obtained by water atomization is used as cold spraying powder, the powder is irregular spherical, the powder particle size distribution is 10-60μm, and the average particle size is 20μm; 2219 aluminum alloy with a length of 100mm, a width of 100mm and a height of 10mm is selected as the substrate, the oxide skin is removed by using 0.6MPa corundum spraying before spraying, the size of a Laval nozzle for cold spraying solid-phase deposition is selected based on a high-pressure cold spraying solid-phase deposition process, the throat diameter of the Laval nozzle is 2.25mm, the outlet diameter is 5.8mm, the length of the contraction section is 85mm, and the length of the expansion section is 182mm.

[0052] S3, based on the high-pressure cold spraying solid-phase deposition process, the process parameters are as follows: the deposition temperature is 400℃, the gas pressure is 2MPa, the deposition distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is 20mm, and the powder feeding rate is 60g / min, a single-point deposited body is formed, in the single-point deposited body forming process, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move, the height between the baffle and the substrate is 15mm, the baffle is moved from one side of the substrate to the other side at a speed of 150mm / s, and the single-point deposited body is obtained.

[0053] S4, a non-contact scanner is used to measure the three-dimensional size of the deposited body, and the cross-sectional profile curve of the single-point deposited body is extracted through point cloud data processing, so that the morphology of the single-point deposited body is obtained.

[0054] Embodiment 3

[0055] The embodiment provides a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposited body, and comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1, 316 stainless steel is selected as a baffle, the size of the baffle is 100mm*100mm*5mm, a rectangular opening with a length of 30mm and a width of 4.5mm is formed in the center of the baffle, and a pretreated substrate is arranged below a spray gun nozzle of a cold spraying solid-phase deposition device, wherein the spray gun nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular, and the baffle is placed between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate and kept parallel to the substrate by a mechanical hand.

[0057] S2. Use water-atomized copper powder as cold spray powder. The powder is irregularly spherical, with a powder particle size distribution of 10 to 60 μm and an average particle size of 20 μm. Use 2219 aluminum alloy with a length of 100 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a height of 10 mm as the substrate. Use 0.6 MPa corundum spray to remove the oxide scale before spraying. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, select the size of the Laval nozzle for cold spray solid phase deposition: throat diameter: 2.25 mm, outlet diameter: 5.8 mm, contraction section length: 85 mm, expansion section length: 182 mm.

[0058] S3. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, the process parameters are as follows: deposition temperature 400°C, gas pressure 2 MPa, deposition distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate 20 mm, powder feeding rate 60 g / min, to perform single-point deposition body formation. During the single-point deposition body formation process, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move. The height between the baffle and the substrate is 15 mm. The baffle moves from one side of the substrate to the other at a speed of 300 mm / s to obtain a single-point deposition body.

[0059] S4. Use a non-contact scanner to measure the three-dimensional size of the sediment body, and extract the cross-sectional contour curve of the single-point sediment body through point cloud data processing, that is, obtain the morphology of the single-point sediment body.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S1. 316 stainless steel is selected as the baffle, and the dimensions of the baffle are 100mm long × 100mm wide × 5mm high. A rectangular opening with a length × width of 30mm × 5mm is opened in the center of the baffle. A pretreated substrate is placed under the nozzle of the cold spray solid phase deposition equipment, wherein the nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular. The baffle is placed between the nozzle and the substrate by a robot and kept parallel to the substrate.

[0063] S2. Use water-atomized copper powder as cold spray powder. The powder is irregularly spherical, with a powder particle size distribution of 10 to 60 μm and an average particle size of 20 μm. Select 2219 aluminum alloy with a length of 100 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a height of 10 mm as the substrate. Use 0.6 MPa corundum spray to remove the oxide scale before spraying. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, select the size of the Laval nozzle for cold spray solid phase deposition, with a throat diameter of 2 mm, an outlet diameter of 5 mm, a contraction section length of 90 mm, and an expansion section length of 180 mm.

[0064] S3. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, the process parameters are as follows: deposition temperature 400°C, gas pressure 2 MPa, deposition distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate 20 mm, powder feeding rate 60 g / min, to perform single-point deposition body formation. During the single-point deposition body formation process, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move. The height between the baffle and the substrate is 15 mm. The baffle moves from one side of the substrate to the other at a speed of 200 mm / s to obtain a single-point deposition body.

[0065] S4. Use a non-contact scanner to measure the three-dimensional size of the sediment body, and extract the cross-sectional contour curve of the single-point sediment body through point cloud data processing, that is, obtain the morphology of the single-point sediment body.

[0066] Example 5

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body, comprising the following steps:

[0068] S1. 316 stainless steel is selected as the baffle, and the dimensions of the baffle are 100mm long × 100mm wide × 5mm high. A rectangular opening with a length × width of 30mm × 5mm is opened in the center of the baffle. A pretreated substrate is placed under the nozzle of the cold spray solid phase deposition equipment, wherein the nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular. The baffle is placed between the nozzle and the substrate by a robot and kept parallel to the substrate.

[0069] S2. Use water-atomized copper powder as cold spray powder. The powder is irregularly spherical, with a powder particle size distribution of 10 to 60 μm and an average particle size of 20 μm. Use 2219 aluminum alloy with a length of 100 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a height of 10 mm as the substrate. Use 0.6 MPa corundum spray to remove the oxide scale before spraying. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, select the size of the Laval nozzle for cold spray solid phase deposition: throat diameter: 2.25 mm, outlet diameter: 5.8 mm, contraction section length: 85 mm, expansion section length: 182 mm.

[0070] S3. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, the process parameters are as follows: deposition temperature 400°C, gas pressure 2 MPa, deposition distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate 20 mm, powder feeding rate 100 g / min, to perform single-point deposition body formation. During the single-point deposition body formation process, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move. The height between the baffle and the substrate is 15 mm. The baffle moves from one side of the substrate to the other at a speed of 200 mm / s to obtain a single-point deposition body.

[0071] S4. Use a non-contact scanner to measure the three-dimensional size of the sediment body, and extract the cross-sectional contour curve of the single-point sediment body through point cloud data processing, that is, obtain the morphology of the single-point sediment body.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] This embodiment provides a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body, comprising the following steps:

[0074] S1. 316 stainless steel is selected as the baffle, and the dimensions of the baffle are 100mm long × 100mm wide × 5mm high. A rectangular opening with a length × width of 30mm × 5mm is opened in the center of the baffle. A pretreated substrate is placed under the nozzle of the cold spray solid phase deposition equipment, wherein the nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular. The baffle is placed between the nozzle and the substrate by a robot and kept parallel to the substrate.

[0075] S2. Use water-atomized copper powder as cold spray powder. The powder is irregularly spherical, with a powder particle size distribution of 10 to 60 μm and an average particle size of 20 μm. Use 2219 aluminum alloy with a length of 100 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a height of 10 mm as the substrate. Use 0.6 MPa corundum spray to remove the oxide scale before spraying. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, select the size of the Laval nozzle for cold spray solid phase deposition: throat diameter: 2.25 mm, outlet diameter: 5.8 mm, contraction section length: 85 mm, expansion section length: 182 mm.

[0076] S3. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, the process parameters are as follows: deposition temperature 600°C, gas pressure 2.5 MPa, deposition distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate 20 mm, powder feeding rate 60 g / min, to perform single-point deposition body formation. During the single-point deposition body formation process, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move. The height between the baffle and the substrate is 15 mm. The baffle moves from one side of the substrate to the other at a speed of 200 mm / s to obtain a single-point deposition body.

[0077] S4. Use a non-contact scanner to measure the three-dimensional size of the sediment body, and extract the cross-sectional contour curve of the single-point sediment body through point cloud data processing, that is, obtain the morphology of the single-point sediment body.

[0078] Example 7

[0079] This embodiment provides a method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body, comprising the following steps:

[0080] S1. 316 stainless steel is selected as the baffle, and the dimensions of the baffle are 100mm long × 100mm wide × 5mm high. A rectangular opening with a length × width of 30mm × 5mm is opened in the center of the baffle. A pretreated substrate is placed under the nozzle of the cold spray solid phase deposition equipment, wherein the nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular. The baffle is placed between the nozzle and the substrate by a robot and kept parallel to the substrate.

[0081] S2. Use water-atomized copper powder as cold spray powder. The powder is irregularly spherical, with a powder particle size distribution of 10 to 60 μm and an average particle size of 20 μm. Use 2219 aluminum alloy with a length of 100 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a height of 10 mm as the substrate. Use 0.6 MPa corundum spray to remove the oxide scale before spraying. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, select the size of the Laval nozzle for cold spray solid phase deposition: throat diameter: 2.25 mm, outlet diameter: 5.8 mm, contraction section length: 85 mm, expansion section length: 182 mm.

[0082] S3. Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, the process parameters are as follows: deposition temperature 800°C, gas pressure 3 MPa, deposition distance 20 mm between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate, and powder feeding rate 60 g / min. A single-point deposition body is formed. During the formation of the single-point deposition body, the relative position of the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move. The height between the baffle and the substrate is 15 mm. The baffle moves from one side of the substrate to the other at a speed of 200 mm / s to obtain a single-point deposition body.

[0083] S4. Use a non-contact scanner to measure the three-dimensional size of the sediment body, and extract the cross-sectional contour curve of the single-point sediment body through point cloud data processing, that is, obtain the morphology of the single-point sediment body.

[0084] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the single-point sediment body of Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, since the outlet of the spray gun is circular, the shape of the single-point deposition body is circular, and the diameter is higher than that of the circular nozzle, which is mainly caused by the expansion and expansion of the particles in the jet during the cold spray solid phase deposition process.

[0085] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional point cloud data diagram of a single-point sediment body according to Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, through the three-dimensional collected data, it was found that the center of the single-point deposit is high and thins near the edge, and its shape is similar to a spherical cap. This is mainly because there are more particles in the center of the cold spray solid phase deposition particle beam and fewer particles at the edge.

[0086] Comparing the changes in the height from the center to the radial direction to the boundary of the single-point deposition bodies prepared in Examples 1 to 7, as shown in Table 1, when the deposition conditions are improved, such as increasing the pressure and temperature of the working gas, as in Examples 1, 5, 6 and 7, the impact velocity and deposition efficiency of the deposited particles can be improved, and the thickness of the single-point deposition body can be increased; when the speed of the baffle translation is changed, as in Examples 1, 2 and 3, the diameter of the single-point deposition body does not change, but the height of the deposition body decreases with the increase of the single plate movement speed; when the size of the Laval nozzle is changed, the speed of adding gas is affected, and then the speed of depositing particles is affected. When the particles are accelerated to a higher speed, the height of the deposition body is higher; when the outlet diameter of the Laval nozzle is larger, the size of the single-point deposition body is also larger, as in Examples 1 and 4.

[0087] Table 1. Changes in the height of a single-point sediment body from the center to the radial direction to the boundary height.

[0088]

[0089] In summary, the present invention provides a method for obtaining the morphology of a single-point deposited body of a solid-phase additive material. In order to overcome the difficulty in accurately controlling the shape of cold-spray solid-phase additive materials, based on the requirements that the nozzle and substrate of the cold-spray solid-phase deposition are fixed, there is no relative movement, and the spraying time is short, the single-point deposited body baffle opening form and movement mode are designed. Based on the high-pressure cold-spray solid-phase deposition process, the size of the cold-spray solid-phase additive Laval nozzle is established, and process parameters such as deposition temperature, gas pressure, deposition distance, scanning rate, and powder feeding rate are regulated to obtain different single-point deposited bodies. A non-contact three-dimensional scanner is used to measure the size of the single-point deposited body, and by processing the three-dimensional point cloud data, the cross-sectional profile curve of the single-point deposited body is obtained, that is, the morphology of the single-point deposited body is obtained. For the first time, a method for obtaining a point deposition unit body of a cold-spray solid-phase additive material is disclosed, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a cold-spray solid-phase additive cumulative model, helps to establish a shape control method for cold-spray solid-phase additive materials, promotes the further application of cold-spray solid-phase additive materials in the preparation of complex-shaped components in the fields of aerospace, energy and power, rail transportation, etc., and provides a solution for the high-performance preparation of key components.

[0090] It should be noted that when numerical ranges are mentioned in the present invention, it should be understood that both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints may be selected. Since the steps and methods used are the same as those in the embodiments, in order to avoid redundancy, the present invention describes preferred embodiments. Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they understand the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0091] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A pre-treated substrate is provided below a spray gun nozzle of a cold spray solid phase deposition device, wherein the spray gun nozzle and the substrate are perpendicular to each other; a baffle is provided and placed between the spray gun nozzle of the cold spray solid phase deposition device and the substrate and parallel to the substrate, and the baffle is provided with an opening; Based on the high-pressure cold spray solid phase deposition process, the size of the cold spray solid phase deposition gun nozzle, deposition temperature, gas pressure, deposition distance and powder feeding rate are selected. Metal powder is used as cold spray powder to form a single-point deposition body. During the single-point deposition body forming process, the relative position of the gun nozzle and the substrate is fixed and does not move. The baffle moves horizontally from one side of the substrate to the other side to obtain a single-point deposition body. The three-dimensional dimensions of a single-point sediment body are measured, and the morphology of the single-point sediment body is obtained by processing the point cloud data.

2. The method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the opening is smaller than the outlet diameter of the spray gun nozzle by 0 mm to 2 mm.

3. The method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening has a length of 30 mm and a width of 4 mm to 5 mm.

4. The method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The throat diameter of the spray gun nozzle is 2mm~3mm, the outlet diameter is 5mm~6mm, the contraction section length is 80mm~90mm, and the expansion section length is 160~190mm.

5. The method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height between the baffle and the substrate is 10 mm to 15 mm, and the translation speed of the baffle is 100 mm / s to 500 mm / s.

6. The method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deposition distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is 20mm to 30mm.

7. The method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal powder is copper powder prepared by water atomization, and the particle size of the copper powder is 10 μm to 60 μm.

8. The method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate is an aluminum alloy substrate.

9. The method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle is made of 316 stainless steel.

10. The method for acquiring the morphology of a solid-phase additive single-point deposition body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate pretreatment is to spray corundum on the substrate at a pressure of 0.4MPa to 0.8MPa to remove the oxide scale.

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