Tunnel arch frame manufacturing and mounting method

Abstract

The tunnel arch frame manufacturing and installing method comprises the following steps of S1, arch frame manufacturing, S2, arch frame connecting and S3, arch frame installing, and a hinge device comprises an upper hinge assembly and a lower hinge assembly which are oppositely arranged up and down; the upper hinge assembly comprises a first clamping block and a second clamping block which are opposite in the left-right direction and arranged in a hinged mode, and an anti-rotation relieving structure used for preventing the first clamping block from rotating relative to the second clamping block is arranged between the first clamping block and the second clamping block. The lower hinge assembly comprises a third clamping block and a fourth clamping block which are opposite left and right and are arranged in a hinged mode. Connecting bolts are arranged between the first clamping block and the third clamping block and between the second clamping block and the fourth clamping block, and the connecting bolts are used for clamping the first clamping block and the third clamping block and clamping the second clamping block on the arch frame I-shaped steel. The positioner assists the connecting plate to be welded on the I-shaped steel, so that the accurate position of a bolt hole in the connecting plate can be effectively ensured, and the connection and installation between arch frames are ensured; hinged connection between the arch frames is achieved through the upper hinge assembly and the lower hinge assembly, and the arch frames can be conveniently folded in the transportation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel arch frames, and in particular relates to a method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch frame. Background Art

[0002] The ring shape of a tunnel usually consists of a vault, two side walls and an invert. To achieve initial support during tunnel excavation, an arch frame is set up in the tunnel. Due to the large size of the tunnel, it is more complicated to process the size of the entire arch frame. Therefore, an arch frame is connected by multiple arch frames. To facilitate the connection of the arch frames, each arch frame is welded with I-beams and connecting plates. When connecting adjacent arch frames, only the corresponding connecting plates need to be connected. Bolt holes are set on the connecting plates to achieve installation between connecting plates. In order to ensure the connection between arch frames, the position of the bolt holes has high requirements.

[0003] The current process of arch frame production is: first select the connecting plate and I-beam of appropriate size, then install the corresponding size of holes on the connecting plate, and finally weld the connecting plate to the I-beam. The welding of the connecting plate and the I-beam is usually done by workers by hand. This welding method not only requires skilled workers to operate, but is also prone to welding misalignment, resulting in the two connecting plates not being able to connect correctly.

[0004] There are two ways to install the arch frame. The first is to connect the arch frames in advance and then transport them to the installation location. The second is to first transport the corresponding arch frames to the installation location and then connect the arch frames. Since the second installation method needs to adjust the position of the arch frame to ensure accurate installation between the arch frames, it is inconvenient to adjust the position of the arch frame during operation, so the first installation method is preferred.

[0005] For the first installation method, in order to facilitate the transportation of the arches after connection, the arches are set in a folded state, and the folding between the arches is achieved by setting a hinge structure between the arches. At present, most of the hinge welding is welded on the arches, which is not easy to disassemble after the arches are installed, resulting in that they cannot be reused. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention proposes a method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch frame, which can not only ensure that the connecting plate is welded on the I-beam, but also facilitate the subsequent transportation and installation of the arch frame.

[0007] To this end, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a tunnel arch manufacturing and installation method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Arch frame production: prepare I-beams and connecting plates of appropriate sizes, then drill bolt holes on the connecting plates according to the designed size, bend the I-beams, and weld the connecting plates to the I-beams through positioners and positioning bolts, and ensure that the bolt holes are positioned accurately to form a segmented arch frame;

[0009] S2: connecting the arches, connecting a plurality of segmented arches through a hinge device to form an arch, and keeping the arches in a folded state, and then connecting at least two arches through an arch connecting device to form an arch assembly;

[0010] S3: Arch frame installation, transport the arch frame assembly to the designated installation location, and then allow the arch frame assembly to be supported and unfolded by the arch frame installation machine. When the connecting plates on the adjacent segmented arch frames are in contact, the arch frame is installed by fixing bolts passing through the bolt holes. After the arch frame installation is completed, the hinge device is removed;

[0011] The hinge device includes an upper hinge assembly and a lower hinge assembly which are arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower parts; the upper hinge assembly includes a first clamp block and a second clamp block which are arranged opposite to each other in the left and right parts and are hingedly arranged, and an anti-rotation release structure is arranged between the first clamp block and the second clamp block for preventing the first clamp block from rotating relative to the second clamp block; the lower hinge assembly includes a third clamp block and a fourth clamp block which are arranged opposite to each other in the left and right parts and are hingedly arranged, and when installing, connecting bolts for clamping them on the arch frame I-beam are arranged between the first clamp block and the third clamp block and between the second clamp block and the fourth clamp block.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the first clamp block, the second clamp block, the third clamp block and the fourth clamp block have the same structure and all include a clamp block body, one side of the clamp block body is provided with two clamping ears for enabling it to be clamped on the arch frame I-beam relatively front and back, and the clamping ears are arranged perpendicular to the clamp block body, and the clamping ears are provided with V-shaped clamping grooves, and bolt through holes for connecting bolts are provided on the clamp block body near the clamping ears, and a hinged ear for realizing mutual hinge connection of two clamp blocks is extended backward on the other side of the clamp block body, and a hinged hole for the hinged shaft to pass through is provided on the hinged ear. After installation, the hinged ear is arranged on one side between the two arch frames close to the connecting plate.

[0013] Further preferably, a positioning block for determining the installation position of the corresponding clamp block is provided on the clamp block body.

[0014] Further preferably, the anti-rotation release structure includes a ratchet arranged on the hinge shaft between the first clamp and the second clamp, and a pawl that can cooperate with the ratchet is arranged on either the first clamp or the second clamp through a rotating shaft, and a release structure for releasing the ratchet pawl is arranged on the pawl.

[0015] Further preferably, the release structure includes a handle arranged on the pawl for driving the pawl to leave the ratchet wheel, and a return spring for returning the pawl is arranged on the rotating shaft.

[0016] Further preferably, the positioner is configured to be U-shaped and used to be clamped on the I-beam, and the positioner is provided with bolt through holes corresponding to the bolt holes on the connecting plate, and the positioning bolts are sequentially passed through the bolt through holes and the bolt holes and then locked by nuts.

[0017] Further preferably, the positioner includes two positioning plates arranged opposite to each other on the left and right, and the distance between the two positioning plates matches the I-beam, an intermediate plate for connecting the two positioning plates is provided at one end of the two positioning plates, and the bolt through holes are provided on the positioning plates.

[0018] Further preferably, the positioning plate is configured as an angle steel, the bolt through holes are disposed on a horizontal section of the positioning plate, and a vertical section of the positioning plate is used to contact the I-beam.

[0019] Further preferably, the middle plate is configured as an angle steel, and a vertical section of the middle plate is used to contact the I-beam.

[0020] Further preferably, the middle plate is configured as an angle steel, and a vertical section of the middle plate is used to contact the I-beam.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1) The upper and lower hinged assemblies are clamped on the two arch frames correspondingly by connecting bolts to realize the hinged connection between the arch frames, which is convenient for folding the arch frames during transportation. After the arch frames are installed, the hinged device can be disassembled by removing the connecting bolts, so as to facilitate reuse.

[0023] 2) An anti-rotation release structure is provided on the upper hinge assembly. When the arch frame is installed at the installation position, the arch frame is rotated to make the connecting plates of adjacent arch frames contact. The anti-rotation contact structure can prevent the arch frame from rotating in the opposite direction, thereby facilitating the installation of the arch frame. At the same time, when disassembling, the anti-rotation structure can be released so that the anti-rotation release structure can return to its original position, which is convenient for the subsequent arch frame to be in a folded transportation state.

[0024] 3) By clamping the locator on the I-beam and then connecting the positioning bolts to the connecting plate, the positioning of the connecting plate before welding can be achieved, thereby effectively ensuring the accuracy of the welding position of the connecting plate; by using an auxiliary manufacturing device to assist the welding of the connecting plate on the I-beam, the accuracy of the bolt hole position on the connecting plate can be effectively ensured, thereby ensuring the connection and installation between the arch frames. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the hinge device in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the upper hinge assembly in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the positioner in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Bottom view of .

[0029] Figure numerals: first clamp block -1, second clamp block -2, third clamp block -3, fourth clamp block -4, connecting bolt -5, rotating shaft -6, ratchet -7, handle -8, pawl -9, return spring -10, clamp block body -11, clamping ear -12, bolt hole -13, hinged ear -14, positioning block -15, connecting plate -16, I-beam -17, bolt hole -18, positioning plate -19, middle plate -20, handle -21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0031] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch frame comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Arch frame production. Prepare the I-beam and connecting plate of appropriate size, then drill the bolt holes on the connecting plate according to the designed size, bend the I-beam, and weld the connecting plate to the I-beam through the positioner and positioning bolts, and ensure that the position of the bolt holes is accurate to form a segmented arch frame.

[0033] The positioner is set to be U-shaped and used to be clamped on the I-beam. The positioner is provided with a bolt through hole 18 corresponding to the bolt hole on the positioning plate. The positioning bolt passes through the bolt through hole and the bolt hole in turn and is locked by a nut. The positioner and the connecting plate are connected by the positioning bolt corresponding to the bolt hole, which can fix the position of the connecting plate, thereby ensuring the accurate position of the connecting plate during welding.

[0034] The positioner includes two positioning plates 19 arranged opposite to each other, and the distance between the two positioning plates 19 matches the I-beam. An intermediate plate 20 for connecting the two positioning plates 19 is arranged at one end of the two positioning plates 19, and bolt holes 18 are arranged on the positioning plates 19.

[0035] In order to facilitate the clamping of the positioner on the I-beam, the positioning plate 19 and the middle plate 20 are angle steels, wherein the bolt through holes 18 are arranged on the horizontal section of the positioning plate 19, and the vertical section of the positioning plate 19 is used to contact the I-beam.

[0036] In order to facilitate the movement of the positioner, a handle 21 is provided on the positioner for easy carrying. The handle is arranged on a side of the horizontal section of the middle plate away from the positioning plate.

[0037] The specific steps for making the arch frame are as follows: clamp the locator on the bent I-beam, then connect the connecting plate with holes drilled as required to the locator through positioning bolts, then initially weld the connecting plate and the I-beam through spot welding, then remove the locator, and finally stably weld the connecting plate and the I-beam as required.

[0038] Step 2: connecting the arch frames. Connect multiple segmented arch frames through a hinge device to form an arch frame, and keep it in a folded state, and then connect at least two arch frames through an arch frame connecting device to form an arch frame assembly.

[0039] The hinge device is mainly composed of an upper hinge assembly and a lower hinge assembly which are arranged opposite to each other, and the upper and lower hinge assemblies are clamped on the I-beam of the segmented arch frame by connecting bolts. The upper hinge assembly includes a first clamp block 1 and a second clamp block 2 which are arranged opposite to each other and hingedly, and an anti-rotation release structure is arranged between the first clamp block 1 and the second clamp block 2 to prevent the first clamp block 1 from rotating relative to the second clamp block 2. The anti-rotation release structure is used to prevent the segmented arch frames from rotating when the adjacent segmented arch frames are connected and the connecting plates of the segmented arch frames are in contact, so as to facilitate the connection and installation of the connected segmented arch frames.

[0040] The lower hinge assembly includes a third clamp block 3 and a fourth clamp block 4 which are opposite to each other and hingedly arranged on the left and right sides, and during installation, a connecting bolt 5 is used to connect the first clamp block 1 and the third clamp block 3, and the second clamp block 2 and the fourth clamp block 4, that is, the first clamp block, the third clamp block and the connecting bolt realize the clamping of one of the segmented arch frames, and the second clamp block, the fourth clamp block and the connecting bolt realize the clamping of the other segmented arch frame. Since the length of the connecting bolt can be selected, segmented arch frames of different specifications can be clamped. At the same time, since the first clamp block and the second clamp block are arranged to be hinged, and the third clamp block and the fourth clamp block are arranged to be hinged, after installation, the device can realize the hinged connection between the two segmented arch frames, so that the arch frame can be kept in a folded state during transportation.

[0041] Preferably, the first clamp block 1, the second clamp block 2, the third clamp block 3 and the fourth clamp block 4 have the same structure, and all include a clamp block body 11, and two clamping ears 12 are arranged on one side of the clamp block body 11 for clamping the clamp block on the arch frame I-beam 17, and the clamping ears 12 are arranged perpendicular to the clamp block body 11, and a V-shaped clamping groove is arranged on the clamping ears 12. The V-shaped clamping groove is arranged to facilitate the clamp block to be clamped on the I-beam and also allows the clamp block to be applicable to I-beams of different specifications. In order to ensure the connection strength between the upper and lower relative clamp blocks, preferably, a bolt through hole 13 for the connection bolt 5 to pass through is arranged on the clamp block body 11 near each clamping ear 12, and of course, a plurality of bolt through holes can also be arranged.

[0042] A hinge lug 14 is provided on the other side of the clamp body 11 to realize the hinge connection between the two clamps. A hinge hole for the hinge shaft to pass through is provided on the hinge lug 14. After installation, the hinge lug 14 is provided on one side between the two arches close to the connecting plate 16. In order to ensure that the upper and lower and left and right clamps can be installed correspondingly, a positioning block 15 is provided on the clamp body 11 to determine the installation position of the corresponding clamp.

[0043] The anti-rotation release structure includes a ratchet 7 arranged on the hinge shaft between the first clamping block 1 and the second clamping block 2, and a pawl 9 capable of cooperating with the ratchet 7 is arranged on either the first clamping block 1 or the second clamping block 2 through a rotating shaft 6. The cooperation between the ratchet and the pawl can realize that the first clamping block can only rotate in one direction relative to the second clamping block, ensuring that when the two arches are connected and installed, when the two connecting plates are in contact, the ratchet and the pawl can prevent the arches from rotating and separating the two connecting plates, that is, ensuring that the arches can be stably connected.

[0044] In order to facilitate the subsequent use after the ratchet pawl returns to its original position, a release structure for releasing the ratchet pawl from the ratchet is provided on the pawl 9. The release structure includes a handle 8 provided on the pawl 9 for driving the pawl to leave the ratchet 7, and a return spring 10 for realizing the return of the pawl 9 is provided on the rotating shaft 6. The return spring can also maintain the state of the pawl when the ratchet rotates relative to the pawl. When the two arches are installed, first remove the connecting bolts to separate the entire device from the arch, and then use the handle to separate the pawl from the ratchet to achieve the folding of the upper hinge assembly, and then release the handle to return the pawl to the position where it cooperates with the ratchet under the action of the return spring.

[0045] The arch connection device is a grid-like steel bar frame.

[0046] Step 3: Arch installation. The arch assembly is transported to the designated installation location, and then the arch assembly is supported and unfolded by the arch installation machine. When the connecting plates on the adjacent segmented arches are in contact, the arch is installed by fixing bolts passing through the bolt holes. After the arch installation is completed, the articulated device is removed. The arch installation machine is a prior art.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Arch frame production: prepare I-beams and connecting plates of appropriate sizes, then drill bolt holes on the connecting plates according to the designed size, bend the I-beams, and weld the connecting plates to the I-beams through positioners and positioning bolts, and ensure that the bolt holes are positioned accurately to form a segmented arch frame; S2: connecting the arches, connecting a plurality of segmented arches through a hinge device to form an arch, and keeping the arches in a folded state, and then connecting at least two arches through an arch connecting device to form an arch assembly; S3: Arch frame installation, transport the arch frame assembly to the designated installation location, and then allow the arch frame assembly to be supported and unfolded by the arch frame installation machine. When the connecting plates on the adjacent segmented arch frames are in contact, the arch frame is installed by fixing bolts passing through the bolt holes. After the arch frame installation is completed, the hinge device is removed; The hinge device comprises an upper hinge assembly and a lower hinge assembly which are arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower parts; the upper hinge assembly comprises a first clamping block (1) and a second clamping block (2) which are arranged opposite to each other in the left and right parts and are hingedly arranged; an anti-rotation release structure for preventing the first clamping block (1) from rotating relative to the second clamping block (2) is arranged between the first clamping block (1) and the second clamping block (2); the lower hinge assembly comprises a third clamping block (3) and a fourth clamping block (4) which are arranged opposite to each other in the left and right parts and are hingedly arranged; when installing, connecting bolts (5) for clamping them on the arch frame I-beam are arranged between the first clamping block (1) and the third clamping block (3) and between the second clamping block (2) and the fourth clamping block (4).

2. The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clamp block (1), the second clamp block (2), the third clamp block (3) and the fourth clamp block (4) have the same structure and all include a clamp block body (11). Two clamping ears (12) are arranged opposite to each other on one side of the clamp block body (11) for clamping the clamp block body on the arch frame I-beam (17). The clamping ears (12) are arranged perpendicular to the clamp block body (11). A V-shaped clamping groove is arranged on the clamping ears (12). A bolt through hole (13) for a connecting bolt (5) to pass through is arranged on the clamp block body (11) near the clamping ears (12). A hinged ear (14) for realizing mutual hinge connection of the two clamp blocks is extended backward on the other side of the clamp block body (11). A hinged hole for a hinged shaft to pass through is arranged on the hinged ear (14). After installation, the hinged ear (14) is arranged between the two arch frames on one side near the connecting plate (16).

3. The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamp block body (11) is provided with a positioning block (15) for determining the installation position of the corresponding clamp block.

4. The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-rotation release structure comprises a ratchet (7) arranged on a hinge shaft between a first clamp (1) and a second clamp (2); a pawl (9) capable of cooperating with the ratchet (7) is arranged on either the first clamp (1) or the second clamp (2) via a rotating shaft (6); and a release structure for releasing the ratchet wheel and the pawl is arranged on the pawl (9).

5. The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The release structure comprises a handle (8) arranged on the pawl (9) for driving the pawl to leave the ratchet wheel (7), and a return spring (10) is arranged on the rotating shaft (6) for returning the pawl (9) to its original position.

6. The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioner is set to be U-shaped and is used to be clamped on the I-beam. The positioner is provided with a bolt through hole (18) corresponding to the bolt hole on the connecting plate. The positioning bolt passes through the bolt through hole and the bolt hole in sequence and is then locked by a nut.

7. The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioner comprises two positioning plates (19) arranged opposite to each other on the left and right, and the distance between the two positioning plates (19) matches the I-beam, and an intermediate plate (20) for connecting the two positioning plates (19) is arranged at one end of the two positioning plates (19), and the bolt through hole (18) is arranged on the positioning plate (19).

8. The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning plate (19) is configured as an angle steel, the bolt through hole (18) is configured on a horizontal section of the positioning plate (19), and the vertical section of the positioning plate (19) is configured to contact an I-beam.

9. The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The middle plate (20) is configured as an angle steel, and a vertical section of the middle plate (20) is used to contact the I-beam.

10. The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel arch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle plate (20) is configured as an angle steel, and a vertical section of the middle plate (20) is used to contact the I-beam.

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