Roadway non-floor type lagging jack supporting structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a roadway non-floor type lagging jack supporting structure, which relates to the technical field of roadway supporting, and comprises a top support used for supporting a top plate of a roadway; the arched support is located below the top support, and the two ends of the arched support are supported on the side walls of the two sides of the roadway respectively; and the force transmission assembly is located between the top support and the arched support, the force transmission assembly comprises a plurality of vertical force transmission rods, the vertical force transmission rods are sequentially arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the arched support, and the two ends of each vertical force transmission rod are connected to the arched support and the top support correspondingly. A traditional beam-column combined supporting structure is improved, a non-floor type arch supporting structure is designed, no stand column is arranged, supporting is not provided by stand columns, the pressure of a top plate can be transferred to the side wall of the roadway, vertical pressure is creatively used for increasing the stability of the side wall, and therefore the stability of the roadway is improved, and the risk that the roadway is unstable is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to coal mine tunnels, and in particular to a non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] At present, the support system of coal mine tunnels mainly uses the traditional column and beam combination structure to support the roof. Although this support method can provide a certain support force, over time, the traditional coal mine tunnel two-column and one-beam support structure uses columns to support the beam, and the columns are fixed to the ground with bolts. This fixing method cannot ensure that the columns are fixed to the ground, nor can it ensure out-of-plane stability. It is easy to cause the roof to collapse, which in turn causes safety accidents. For the side walls of the tunnel, usually only anchor support is used to maintain stability.

[0003] In addition, when encountering special situations such as a sudden increase in tunnel pressure, there is no corresponding energy dissipation mechanism, which makes it impossible to cope with special situations and easily causes safety accidents such as roof collapse.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel. By designing an arch support structure, the pressure of the roof is transferred to the coal seam or rock mass on the side wall of the tunnel through the non-ground-type arch, and the vertical pressure is innovatively used to increase the stability of the side wall, thereby improving the stability of the tunnel while reducing the risk of roof collapse.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel, comprising:

[0008] A top support, the top support being used to support the top plate of the tunnel;

[0009] An arch support, the arch support is located below the top support, and both ends of the arch support are respectively supported on the side walls of both sides of the tunnel;

[0010] A force transmission assembly is located between the top support and the arch support. The force transmission assembly includes a plurality of vertical force transmission rods. Each of the vertical force transmission rods is arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the extension direction of the arch support. Both ends of each of the vertical force transmission rods are respectively connected to the arch support and the top support.

[0011] Optionally, the arched support comprises two arc segments;

[0012] The ends of the two arc segments that are close to each other are hinged, and the ends of the two arc segments that are far away from each other are respectively connected to the corresponding side walls of the lane.

[0013] Optionally, a hinge seat and a limiting convex portion are provided at one end of the two arc-shaped segments facing away from the side wall, and the limiting convex portion is provided protrudingly along the extending direction of the arc-shaped segments;

[0014] The limiting protrusion is located on a side of the hinge seat close to the top support;

[0015] The hinge seats of the two arc segments are hinged to each other. When the arch support is compressed and deformed, the two arc segments rotate around the hinge seats, so that the limiting convex parts of the two arc segments abut against each other.

[0016] Optionally, the cross-section of the top support gradually decreases from the middle to both ends.

[0017] Optionally, it further includes a first support;

[0018] The first support is disposed on the side wall of the lane and at least partially protrudes from the side wall of the lane;

[0019] The two ends of the arch support are respectively supported on the first supports on the side walls of both sides of the tunnel.

[0020] Optionally, the first support includes a main seat body and a support platform extending outward from the main seat body;

[0021] The end of the arch support is movably supported on the support platform;

[0022] A pressure-releasing component is provided between the first support and the arch support. Under the action of pressure, the pressure-releasing component can be deformed so that the end of the arch support can slide along the support platform.

[0023] Optionally, the pressure-yielding assembly includes a damper, a first pressure-yielding block and a second pressure-yielding block;

[0024] The two ends of the damper are respectively connected to the first support and the arch support;

[0025] The first pressure block is located between the main seat body and the arch support, and the second pressure block is located between the support platform and the arch support.

[0026] Optionally, the main seat body has a first supporting surface, the supporting platform has a second supporting surface, the first supporting surface and the second supporting surface are perpendicular to each other, a first limiting rod is arranged on the first supporting surface, and a second limiting rod is arranged on the second supporting surface;

[0027] The end of the arch support has a first mating surface and a second mating surface, the first mating surface and the second mating surface are perpendicular to each other, a first slide groove is arranged on the first mating surface, the first slide groove extends in a direction perpendicular to the second mating surface, and a second slide groove is arranged on the second mating surface, the second slide groove extends in a direction perpendicular to the first mating surface;

[0028] The first pressure block is located between the first supporting surface and the first matching surface, and the first pressure block is sleeved on the first limiting rod; the second pressure block is located between the second supporting surface and the second matching surface, and the second pressure block is sleeved on the second limiting rod;

[0029] When the first pressing block is broken, the first limiting rod is inserted into the first sliding groove;

[0030] When the second pressing block is broken, the second limiting rod is inserted into the second sliding groove.

[0031] Optionally, a second support is also included;

[0032] The second support is arranged on the side walls of both sides of the lane, and at least partially protrudes from the side walls of the lane;

[0033] The two ends of the top support are respectively supported on second supports on the side walls on both sides of the tunnel.

[0034] Optionally, a third pressure block is also included;

[0035] A third slide groove is provided at the end of the top support, and the third slide groove extends along the length direction of the top support;

[0036] A third limiting rod is arranged on the second support;

[0037] The third pressure block is located between the second support and the top support, and the third pressure block is sleeved on the third limiting rod;

[0038] When the third pressing block is broken, the third limiting rod is inserted into the third sliding groove.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The support structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention designs the traditional column and beam combination support structure into an arch support structure. No columns are set up and no support is provided by columns. The pressure of the top plate is transferred to the side wall of the tunnel through a non-ground-type arch frame. The vertical pressure is innovatively used to increase the stability of the side wall, thereby improving the stability of the tunnel and reducing the risk of roof collapse.

[0041] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings are part of the present invention and are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the accompanying drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 An exploded diagram of a non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the matching structure of the top support and the second support in the non-ground-type arch support structure of the tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the matching structure of the arch support and the first support in the non-ground-type arch support structure of the tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 A partial state diagram of the arch support and the first support in the non-ground-type arch support structure of the tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention in a separated state;

[0048] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the end of the arch support and the first support in the non-ground-type arch support structure of the tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram of a partial structure of a tunnel non-ground-type arch support structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the local structure of the arch support in the non-ground-type arch support structure of the tunnel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] In the figure:

[0052] 1. Top support; 11. Third slide groove; 2. Arch support; 21. Arc section; 211. Articulated seat; 212. Limiting protrusion; 213. First slide groove; 214. Second slide groove; 3. Force transmission component; 4. First support; 41. Main seat body; 411. First supporting surface; 412. First limiting rod; 42. Support platform; 421. Second supporting surface; 422. Second limiting rod; 5. Second support; 51. Third limiting rod; 61. Damper; 62. First pressure block; 63. Second pressure block; 7. Third pressure block; 8. Side wall; 9. Fixed anchor rod; 10. Steel support; 20. Sensor.

[0053] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but are intended to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their description are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0055] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] It should be understood that the terms "include / comprise", "consist of..." or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, device, process or method that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also may include other elements not explicitly listed when necessary, or also includes elements inherent to such product, device, process or method. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include / comprise...", "consist of..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product, device, process or method that includes the elements.

[0057] It is also necessary to understand that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" to indicate directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device, component or structure must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0058] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0059] The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with preferred embodiments.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel, comprising: a top support 1, an arch support 2, and a force transmission assembly 3. The top support 1 is used to support the top plate of the tunnel, the arch support 2 is located below the top support 1, and the two ends of the arch support 2 are respectively supported on the side walls 8 on both sides of the tunnel, and the force transmission assembly 3 is located between the top support 1 and the arch support 2. The force transmission assembly 3 includes a plurality of vertical force transmission rods, each of which is arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the extension direction of the arch support 2, and the two ends of each vertical force transmission rod are respectively connected to the arch support 2 and the top support 1.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, the top support 1 is a roughly horizontal structure, and the arch support 2 is an upwardly convex arch structure, forming an arch support structure as a whole. Due to the geometric characteristics of the arch support structure, when the pressure exerted by the top plate acts on the arch support, the pressure will be distributed along the arched curved support unit and transmitted to the supporting part of the support structure through the curved curve of the arch. The rock structure of the tunnel side wall 8 and the support structure jointly bear these pressures to prevent the pressure from being concentrated on the top plate or a single position, thereby avoiding the collapse of the top plate due to excessive local pressure. In this way, the arch structure effectively converts the vertical pressure of the top plate into horizontal or oblique lateral pressure, so that the tunnel side wall 8 bears most of the pressure burden, thereby greatly improving the stability of the tunnel.

[0062] The arch support 2 and the top support 1 can transmit force through multiple vertical force transmission rods, so that the pressure applied by the top plate of the tunnel can be evenly transmitted to the arch support 2, and further converted into horizontal or oblique lateral pressure by the arch support 2, and evenly transmitted to the tunnel side wall 8, so that the tunnel side wall 8 bears most of the pressure burden, ensuring that the arch structure can remain stable under different working conditions of the tunnel.

[0063] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of non-ground-type arch support structures of the present invention can be arranged in the tunnel, and each arch support structure is arranged in sequence and at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel. A plurality of steel supports 10 are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the tunnel and extend along the length direction of the tunnel. Each steel support 10 is supported and connected to a plurality of adjacent top supports 1, so that the top supports 1 of each arch support structure are connected and supported to each other, thereby ensuring the support stability of the support structure on the top plane. When the pressure above the roof increases, under the coordinated action of each steel support 10, each arch support structure will maintain out-of-plane stability without being skewed.

[0064] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cross section of the arched support 2 gradually increases from the middle to the two ends.

[0065] The arch support 2 can be a variable cross-section beam, and its structural characteristics are thick at both ends and thin in the middle. When the arch support 2 is under pressure, the top is easy to deform and move downward, changing the overall shape of the arch support 2, making it easier for the arch support 2 to flatten downward, so that the arch support 2 is converted into horizontal or oblique lateral pressure, so that the side wall 8 of the tunnel bears most of the pressure burden, thereby improving the stability of the tunnel and reducing the risk of roof collapse. At the same time, the arch support 2 uses a variable cross-section beam, which uses less steel than a beam of uniform height (a beam with a fixed cross-sectional area), which is convenient for cost saving and engineering installation.

[0066] In some possible implementations, the arch support 2 includes two arc segments 21, the ends of the two arc segments 21 that are close to each other (thin ends) are hinged, and the ends of the two arc segments 21 that are far away from each other (thick ends) are respectively connected to the corresponding side walls 8 of the tunnel. Figure 8 As shown, a hinge seat 211 and a limiting protrusion 212 are provided at one end of the two arc segments 21 away from the side wall 8. The limiting protrusion 212 is protruding along the extension direction of the arc segment 21. The limiting protrusion 212 is located on the side of the hinge seat 211 close to the top support 1. The hinge seats 211 of the two arc segments 21 are hinged. When the arch support 2 is compressed and deformed, the two arc segments 21 rotate around the hinge seat 211, so that the limiting protrusions 212 of the two arc segments 21 are against each other.

[0067] By hingedly connecting the two arc segments 21 and setting a limiting protrusion 212 on the top, when the two arc segments 21 are compressed and rotated, the limiting protrusions 212 on the two arc segments 21 will contact and abut against each other, and the two arc segments 21 are changed from a force-deformed structure to a rigid abutment and matching structure, so that only axial force is transmitted in the middle of the arch support 2, which is converted into horizontal or oblique lateral pressure by the arch support 2, so that the side wall 8 of the tunnel bears most of the pressure burden, thereby improving the stability of the tunnel and reducing the risk of roof collapse.

[0068] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cross section of the top support 1 gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends.

[0069] The top support 1 is a variable cross-section beam, and its structural characteristics are thin at both ends and thick in the middle. The top support 1 can be a simply supported beam, and the bending moment in the middle of the beam is the largest, so the height of the middle beam is greater. At the same time, the variable cross-section beam uses less steel than the uniform height beam (beam with a fixed cross-sectional area), which is convenient for cost saving and engineering installation.

[0070] In some possible embodiments, the non-ground-type arch support structure of the tunnel includes a first support 4, which is arranged on the side wall 8 of the tunnel and at least partially protrudes from the side wall 8 of the tunnel, and the two ends of the arch support 2 are respectively supported on the first support 4 on the side walls 8 on both sides of the tunnel.

[0071] By setting the first support 4 on the side wall 8 of the tunnel, it is convenient to support the two ends of the arch support 2 respectively, reducing the difficulty of the assembly process. The first support 4 can be a concrete embedded support, which can be partially embedded in the side wall 8 of the tunnel to form an integrated structure with the side wall 8. Among them, the arch support structure can also include a fixed anchor rod 9, which is partially located on the inner side of the tunnel side wall 8 and partially extends out of the tunnel side wall 8 and is connected to the corresponding first support 4. For example, a through hole is opened on the first support 4, the anchor rod passes through the through hole of the support, and one end of the anchor rod extending out of the first support 4 is connected to the limited block, so that the first support 4 and the side wall 8 of the tunnel are stably fixed as a whole. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first support 4 is protruded from the surface of the tunnel side wall 8, which can facilitate the installation and maintenance of related structures, such as the pressure-releasing assembly described below.

[0072] In some possible embodiments, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the first support 4 includes a main support body 41 and a support platform 42 extending outward from the main support body 41. The main support body 41 and the support platform 42 constitute an L-shaped structure. A step groove can be formed between the two. The end of the arch support 2 is located in the step groove. The end of the arch support 2 can be movably supported on the first support 4. A pressure-releasing assembly is arranged between the first support 4 and the arch support 2. Under the action of pressure, the pressure-releasing assembly can be deformed so that the end of the arch support 2 can slide along the support platform 42.

[0073] The pressure-releasing component may include a sensor 20, which can monitor the pressure changes of the arch support structure in the tunnel in real time. When the pressure is abnormal, an alarm or other operations may be triggered. When the arch support structure meets the overload condition, the pressure-releasing component is broken or compressed and deformed or displaced, so that the top rock layer has displacement space to prevent the top collapse caused by sudden pressure fluctuations.

[0074] In some possible embodiments, combined with Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the yielding and pressing assembly includes a damper 61, a first yielding and pressing block 62 and a second yielding and pressing block 63. The two ends of the damper 61 are respectively connected to the first support 4 and the arch support 2. The first yielding and pressing block 62 is located between the main seat body 41 and the arch support 2. A sensor 20 (such as a pressure or displacement sensor 20) can be arranged between the first yielding and pressing block 62 and the main seat body 41. The second yielding and pressing block 63 is located between the support platform 42 and the arch support 2. A sensor 20 can be arranged between the second yielding and pressing block 63 and the support platform 42.

[0075] The pressure-releasing assembly monitors the pressure changes in the tunnel in real time through the sensor 20. When the pressure is abnormal, the pressure-releasing blocks will be broken and the damper 61 will be displaced, so that the top rock layer has displacement space to prevent the collapse of the top plate caused by sudden pressure fluctuations. The pressure-releasing blocks and dampers 61 of the pressure-releasing assembly disperse the pressure to the maximum extent through cooperation with the arch support unit. In order to cope with complex situations such as sudden increase in top plate pressure, the pressure-releasing assembly provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a pressure-releasing damping function according to different designs of rock formation conditions, thereby ensuring the stability of the top plate and reducing the risk of top plate collapse. The design of the sensor 20 can provide data reference for analyzing the pressure and stability of the support structure, so that the support structure can be used in tunnels with long service life, which is conducive to long-term monitoring and research of tunnel-related mechanical data.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the arch support 2 are matched with corresponding pressure-yielding components and have a certain displacement space, so that the two ends of the arch support 2 can be displaced when the stress above the tunnel exceeds the limit, and the "yielding" method is used to avoid a surge in the stress of the top plate support under special conditions, thereby effectively ensuring the stability of the support and the integrity of the tunnel roof.

[0077] Specific, combined Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the main seat body 41 has a first supporting surface 411, the supporting platform 42 has a second supporting surface 421, the first supporting surface 411 and the second supporting surface 421 are perpendicular to each other, a first limiting rod 412 is arranged on the first supporting surface 411, and a second limiting rod 422 is arranged on the second supporting surface 421, the end of the arch support 2 has a first mating surface and a second mating surface, the first mating surface and the second mating surface are perpendicular to each other, a first slide groove 213 is arranged on the first mating surface, and the first slide groove 213 extends in a direction perpendicular to the second mating surface, a second slide groove 214 is arranged on the second mating surface, and the second slide groove 214 extends in a direction perpendicular to the first mating surface.

[0078] Among them, the first pressure block 62 is located between the first support surface 411 and the first matching surface, and the first pressure block 62 is sleeved on the first limiting rod 412, and the second pressure block 63 is located between the second support surface 421 and the second matching surface, and the second pressure block 63 is sleeved on the second limiting rod 422. When the first pressure block 62 is broken, the first limiting rod 412 is inserted into the first slide groove 213, and the first limiting rod 412 can slide along the first slide groove 213. The end of the arch support 2 can only move downward relative to the first support 4. When the second pressure block 63 is broken, the second limiting rod 422 is inserted into the second slide groove 214, so that the two ends of the arch support 2 can slide horizontally in the opposite direction, that is, it can only move to the left and right sides.

[0079] A socket can be set on the pressure block, and a limit rod can be set on the support. The limit rod can be plugged into the socket on the pressure block to limit and fix the pressure block. When the pressure block is overloaded and damaged, the limit rod will be inserted into the slide slot and slidably cooperate with the slide slot. The length of the slide slot is greater than the outer diameter of the limit rod, so that the arch support 2 and the first support have corresponding "give-way space". The "give-way" method is used to avoid the surge of stress on the top plate support under special conditions, effectively ensuring the stability of the support and the integrity of the tunnel top plate.

[0080] In some possible embodiments, the arch support structure also includes a second support 5, which is arranged on the side wall 8 of the tunnel and at least partially protrudes from the side wall 8 of the tunnel, and the two ends of the top support 1 are respectively supported on the second support 5 on the side walls 8 on both sides of the tunnel.

[0081] By arranging the second support 5 on the side wall 8 of the tunnel, it is convenient to support the two ends of the top support 1 respectively, thereby reducing the difficulty of the assembly process. The second support 5 can be a concrete embedded support, which can be partially embedded in the inside of the tunnel side wall 8 and form an integrated structure with the side wall 8. Among them, the arch support structure can also include a fixed anchor rod 9, which is partially located on the inner side of the tunnel side wall 8 and partially extends out of the tunnel side wall 8 and is connected to the corresponding second support 5. For example, a through hole is provided on the second support 5, and the anchor rod 9 passes through the through hole of the second support 5, and one end of the anchor rod 9 extending out of the support is connected to the limiting block, so that the second support 5 and the side wall 8 of the tunnel are stably fixed as a whole.

[0082] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the non-ground arch support structure of the tunnel includes a third pressure block 7, a third slide groove 11 is provided at the end of the top support 1, the third slide groove 11 is specifically provided at the bottom side of the end, and the third slide groove 11 extends along the length direction of the top support 1. A third limiting rod 51 is provided on the second support 5, and the third pressure block 7 is sleeved on the third limiting rod 51. The third pressure block 7 is located between the second support 5 and the top support 1. When the third pressure block 7 is broken, the third limiting rod 51 is inserted into the third slide groove 11, and the third limiting rod 51 plays a role of limiting the top support 1, limiting the position of the top support 1, and preventing the top support 1 from deviating out of the plane.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present invention, a socket can be provided on the third pressure-releasing block 7, and a limit rod can be provided on the second support 5. The limit rod can be plugged into the socket on the third pressure-releasing block 7, so as to limit and fix the third pressure-releasing block 7. When the third pressure-releasing block 7 is damaged due to excessive load, the third limit rod 51 will be inserted into the third slide groove 11, and can be slidably matched with the third slide groove 11. The length of the third slide groove 11 is greater than the outer diameter of the third limit rod 51, so that the arch support 2 and the second support 5 have corresponding "give-way space", and the "give-way" method is used to avoid the surge of stress on the top plate support under special conditions, and effectively ensure the stability of the support and the integrity of the tunnel top plate.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present invention, various pressure blocks and dampers 61 are arranged on the arch support structure, so that the pressure blocks can be broken according to the sudden increase of pressure in the tunnel, so that the arch support structure is displaced to a certain extent, and the excess energy is dissipated through the action of the pressure blocks and dampers 61. The damper 61 can be a hydraulic damper 61 or a friction damper 61. When the damper 61 is subjected to a force exceeding a certain pressure, it will deform, so that the energy is gradually and steadily dissipated in the system, and a sharp increase in the roof pressure is avoided.

[0085] The non-ground-type arch support structure of the tunnel of the present invention can effectively improve the stability of the tunnel and reduce the risk of roof collapse. At the same time, the top support 1, the arch support 2 and the pressure-releasing assembly can work together to extend the service life of the support structure and improve the safety and production efficiency of the mine. In addition, compared with the traditional column and beam combination structure to support the roof, the tunnel side wall is used as the support basis instead of being supported on the tunnel floor. There is no need to consider the flatness of the tunnel ground, the firmness of the connection and the out-of-plane stability, and the layout of the entire support structure is more reasonable.

[0086] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the present invention can make some changes or modify the technical contents suggested above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel, characterized in that: include: A top support, the top support being used to support the top plate of the tunnel; An arch support, the arch support is located below the top support, and both ends of the arch support are respectively supported on the side walls of both sides of the tunnel; A force transmission assembly is located between the top support and the arch support. The force transmission assembly includes a plurality of vertical force transmission rods. Each of the vertical force transmission rods is arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the extension direction of the arch support. Both ends of each of the vertical force transmission rods are respectively connected to the arch support and the top support.

2. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The arched support comprises two arc-shaped segments; The ends of the two arc segments that are close to each other are hinged, and the ends of the two arc segments that are far away from each other are respectively connected to the corresponding side walls of the lane.

3. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A hinge seat and a limiting convex portion are provided at one end of the two arc-shaped segments away from the side wall, and the limiting convex portion is provided protrudingly along the extending direction of the arc-shaped segments; The limiting protrusion is located on a side of the hinge seat close to the top support; The hinge seats of the two arc segments are hinged to each other. When the arch support is compressed and deformed, the two arc segments rotate around the hinge seats, so that the limiting convex parts of the two arc segments abut against each other.

4. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross section of the top support gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends.

5. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also included is a first support; The first support is disposed on the side wall of the lane and at least partially protrudes from the side wall of the lane; The two ends of the arch support are respectively supported on the first supports on the side walls of both sides of the tunnel.

6. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first support comprises a main body and a support platform extending outward from the main body; The end of the arch support is movably supported on the support platform; A pressure-releasing component is provided between the first support and the arch support. Under the action of pressure, the pressure-releasing component can be deformed so that the end of the arch support can slide along the support platform.

7. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The pressure-releasing assembly includes a damper, a first pressure-releasing block and a second pressure-releasing block; The two ends of the damper are respectively connected to the first support and the arch support; The first pressure block is located between the main seat body and the arch support, and the second pressure block is located between the support platform and the arch support.

8. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main seat body has a first supporting surface, the supporting platform has a second supporting surface, the first supporting surface and the second supporting surface are perpendicular to each other, a first limiting rod is arranged on the first supporting surface, and a second limiting rod is arranged on the second supporting surface; The end of the arch support has a first mating surface and a second mating surface, the first mating surface and the second mating surface are perpendicular to each other, a first slide groove is arranged on the first mating surface, the first slide groove extends in a direction perpendicular to the second mating surface, and a second slide groove is arranged on the second mating surface, the second slide groove extends in a direction perpendicular to the first mating surface; The first pressure block is located between the first supporting surface and the first matching surface, and the first pressure block is sleeved on the first limiting rod; the second pressure block is located between the second supporting surface and the second matching surface, and the second pressure block is sleeved on the second limiting rod; When the first pressing block is broken, the first limiting rod is inserted into the first sliding groove; When the second pressing block is broken, the second limiting rod is inserted into the second sliding groove.

9. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a second support; The second support is arranged on the side walls of both sides of the lane, and at least partially protrudes from the side walls of the lane; The two ends of the top support are respectively supported on second supports on the side walls on both sides of the tunnel.

10. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes a third let-down block; A third slide groove is provided at the end of the top support, and the third slide groove extends along the length direction of the top support; A third limiting rod is arranged on the second support; The third pressure block is located between the second support and the top support, and the third pressure block is sleeved on the third limiting rod; When the third pressing block is broken, the third limiting rod is inserted into the third sliding groove.

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