Method for laying and installing cable in tower drum of large fan

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind generating set technology, and discloses and aims to provide a method for laying and installing a cable in a tower drum of a large fan, which comprises the following steps of: installing a fan lightning protection system according to an electrical equipment position and an assembly position of a target fan; pre-processing and pressing the target cable according to the type of the target cable; according to the distribution of the cable separation assemblies and the distribution of the cable fixing frames of the target tower drum, the target cable sequentially penetrates through all the cable separation assemblies and the cable fixing frames according to the safe spacing distance, and cable wiring and installation in the target tower drum are completed; the generator of the target fan is centered again, and a cooling system is filled with liquid to a specified pressure interval; and safety inspection of the target fan is completed. According to the method, protection measures, a cable preprocessing mode, a cable pressing mode, a cable wiring installation scheme and the like are planned according to the actual condition of the large-scale fan, and the safety, reliability and high efficiency of the large-scale fan during cable laying and installation in the tower drum are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine generator sets, in particular to a method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] Large wind turbines, referred to as large wind turbines, usually refer to wind turbines with a power greater than 600kW. Their tower height is usually 80 to 150 meters. Due to the increase in height, when laying cables in the tower, there will be problems such as the corresponding increase in cable length and weight, the corresponding increase in space restrictions for cable laying, greater susceptibility to lightning strikes, and the voltage level and current load on the cables may also increase accordingly. The difficulty of laying cables in the tower is far greater than that of ordinary wind turbines.

[0003] In the prior art, there is a lack of a cable laying method in the tower of a large wind turbine generator set. Therefore, a cable laying method that takes into account safety, reliability and efficiency is needed to better guide the cable laying in the tower of a large wind turbine generator set. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for laying and installing cables in the tower of a large wind turbine, by planning corresponding protective measures for the laying and installation of cables in the tower according to the actual electrical equipment conditions of the large wind turbine, by planning corresponding cable pre-processing methods and cable pressing methods for the laying and installation of cables in the tower according to the cable types, and by planning cable wiring and installation plans for the laying and installation of cables in the tower according to the distribution of cable separation components and cable fixing frames, thereby improving the safety, reliability and efficiency of the large wind turbine during the laying and installation of cables in the tower.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine, comprising: Step S1, according to the electrical equipment position and component position of the target wind turbine, set protective measures and install the wind turbine lightning protection system according to the protective measures; Step S2, according to the type of the target cable, select different pressing pits, pre-process the target cable and complete the pressing of the terminal joint or the connecting tube of the target cable; Step S3, according to the distribution of cable separation components and cable fixing frames of the target tower, set a corresponding safety spacing distance, pass the target cable through all cable separation components in sequence according to the safety spacing distance, and then pass the target cable through all cable fixing frames layer by layer in sequence to complete the cable wiring installation in the target tower; Step S4, realigning the generator of the target wind turbine, and filling the cooling system to a specified pressure range according to the type of the cooling system of the target wind turbine; Step S5: perform a circuit check on the laid target cable, and perform a tightening torque check on the bolts of the target wind turbine according to the connection relationship between the components of the target wind turbine, thereby completing the safety check on the target wind turbine.

[0006] In order to better implement the present invention, further, step S1 includes: Connect one end of each electrical equipment grounding wire to the corresponding terminal respectively, and connect the other end to the grounding busbar of the target wind turbine using a first connection pair according to a preset first torque; According to a preset first moment, the grounding copper tape is installed at a designated position of the target tower using a first connection pair; The grounding copper tape is used to connect the blade lightning protection wire of the target wind turbine and the blade lightning protection wire bracket of the target wind turbine, wherein the grounding copper tape passes through the central hanging ring of the blade baffle, so that a section of the grounding copper tape between the blade lightning protection wire and the central hanging ring is straightened, and a section of the grounding copper tape between the blade lightning protection wire bracket and the central hanging ring reserves a margin of the target length.

[0007] In order to better implement the present invention, further, step S2 includes: According to the wire diameter and material of the target cable, a corresponding terminal connector or connecting tube is matched, wherein when the target cable is a power cable, a corresponding terminal connector is matched; Pre-processing the position where the target cable needs to be pressed; According to the model of the target cable, select the corresponding pressing die and crimp the target cable according to the preset pressing pit and stay for 10s to 15s after the pressing die is closed in place; The target cable to be crimped is waterproofed or insulated.

[0008] In order to better implement the present invention, further, step S3 includes: According to the distribution of installation points in the target tower, complete the installation of the cable fixing rack and obtain the distribution of the cable fixing rack; Lowering the target cables placed in the nacelle along the target tower and laying them into the target tower in groups of three phases; According to the distribution of the cable separation components of the target tower, the target cable is passed through all the cable separation components in the target tower in sequence; Bundling the target cables in groups of three phases; The bundled target cables are placed vertically under the cable separation assembly and bent into a U shape, so that the distance between the target cables and the upper plane of the suspension beam and the distance between the inner layer cable and the outer layer cable of the target cables are kept within the corresponding safety spacing distance range; According to the distribution of the cable fixing frames, the target cable passing through the saddle bridge is passed through all the cable fixing frames layer by layer in sequence.

[0009] In order to better implement the present invention, further, step S3 also includes: According to the positions of the stator side, rotor side and grid side of the target tower inverter, the incoming line position and incoming line direction of the target cable are determined, and according to the incoming line position and the incoming line direction, the power cable wiring in the target tower inverter is completed.

[0010] In order to better implement the present invention, further, step S3 also includes: Use the top-in method to pass the tower power cable through the cable fixing bracket above the inverter and reserve a margin, then pass the tower power cable through the wiring holes on the stator side and the grid side of the inverter; For the tower power cable from the box-type transformer to the inverter grid side, after passing through the inverter grid side from the lower end of the inverter, thread the cable according to the distribution area of ​​each phase cable on the grid side; When there are less than or equal to 4 power cables per phase in the tower, thread the tower power cables in turn on one side of each phase cable area; When there are more than 4 tower power cables per phase, the tower power cables should be threaded from the inside to the outside in a back-to-back manner with two adjacent cables of the same phase connected together.

[0011] In order to better implement the present invention, further, step S3 also includes: According to the distribution of the cable fixing brackets, complete the installation of the tower door limit switch.

[0012] In order to better implement the present invention, further, step S3 also includes: Fixing the tower door limit switch on the inner side of the tower door frame cover plate, and installing the corresponding shaking head on the limit switch according to a preset orientation, wherein the preset orientation is configured such that the head of the shaking head points to the outside of the target tower; The length of the cable protection tube is determined according to the distance between the limit switch and the tower base control cabinet, and when the target cable is laid to the cable fixing frame corresponding to the limit switch, the cable protection tube and the target cable are matched.

[0013] In order to better implement the present invention, further, step S4 includes: Align the target fan according to its alignment requirements and restore the intermediate pipe connection of the target fan coupling; The generator cooling system of the target fan is filled with liquid to 3.5 to 4.6 atmospheres, and the inverter cooling system of the target fan is filled with liquid to 1.5 to 2 atmospheres.

[0014] In order to better implement the present invention, further, step S5 includes: For the target wind turbine’s blade-hub connecting bolts, hub-spindle connecting bolts, nacelle-tower connecting bolts, and tower-to-tower connecting bolts, select 20% to 30% for tightening torque inspection, and for the target wind turbine’s remaining bolts, select 10% to 15% for tightening torque inspection; According to the electrical wiring drawings and electrical standards of the target wind turbine, conduct circuit inspection on the laid target cables.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: Setting protection measures according to the actual electrical protection requirements of the target wind turbine can ensure the electrical safety of the target wind turbine while improving installation efficiency; Set up corresponding pre-processing methods for different types of cables to ensure the stability and reliability of the cables; By fully considering the distribution of cable separation components and cable fixing frames and setting safe spacing distances, the efficiency of cable laying in the tower can be improved while ensuring safety. After laying the cables, the generator of the target wind turbine is re-centered and different cooling pressures are set to ensure the stable operation of the target unit; By inspecting the target wind turbine, the cable laying effect can be further guaranteed, and the subsequent stable operation of the target wind turbine can be further ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention is further described in conjunction with the following drawings and embodiments, and all the concepts and innovations of the present invention should be regarded as the disclosed contents and the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of Example 1 of a method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine in the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation method of the grounding copper tape in Example 2 of the cable laying and installation method in the tower of a large wind turbine in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Embodiment 1: A method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, including: Step S1, according to the electrical equipment position and component position of the target wind turbine, set protective measures and install the wind turbine lightning protection system according to the protective measures; By adopting this implementation mode, by setting protection measures according to the actual electrical protection requirements of the target wind turbine, the electrical safety of the target wind turbine can be guaranteed while improving the installation efficiency.

[0020] Specifically, the wind turbine lightning protection system may include lightning protection components such as lightning rods, lightning protection wires, and grounding busbars, which are installed at corresponding positions of wind turbine components such as the wind turbine blades, towers, and nacelles, and connected to various electrical equipment; The protective measures may include matching different connection pairs and torques according to the types of the lightning protection components and the wind turbine components, and performing rust-proof treatment on the connection parts between the lightning protection components and the wind turbine components.

[0021] Step S2, according to the type of the target cable, select different pressing pits, pre-process the target cable and complete the pressing of the terminal joint or the connecting tube of the target cable; By adopting this embodiment, corresponding pre-processing methods are set for different types of cables to ensure the stability and reliability of the cables.

[0022] Specifically, the types of target cables may include power cables and other cables. For power cables, terminal joints need to be pressed, and for other cables, connecting tubes need to be pressed. The corresponding pressing procedures and cable processing methods are different. The larger the cable diameter, the more pits there are, and different cable crimping positions are matched with different cable stripping lengths and depths.

[0023] Step S3, according to the distribution of cable separation components and cable fixing frames of the target tower, set a corresponding safety spacing distance, pass the target cable through all cable separation components in sequence according to the safety spacing distance, and then pass the target cable through all cable fixing frames layer by layer in sequence to complete the cable wiring installation in the target tower; By adopting this embodiment, the distribution of cable separation components and cable fixing frames is fully considered to set the safe spacing distance, which can improve the construction efficiency of laying cables in the tower while ensuring safety.

[0024] Step S4, realigning the generator of the target wind turbine, and filling the cooling system to a specified pressure range according to the type of the cooling system of the target wind turbine; By adopting this implementation mode, by realigning the generator of the target wind turbine, it is possible to eliminate certain stresses that may be generated in the process of laying cables on the overall structure of the wind turbine generator set, so as to ensure the stable operation of the target unit, and fill the cooling system with liquid to a specified pressure range, so as to further ensure the stable operation of the target unit; Specifically, the types of target fan cooling systems include generator cooling systems and inverter cooling systems.

[0025] Step S5: perform a circuit check on the laid target cable, and perform a tightening torque check on the bolts of the target wind turbine according to the connection relationship between the components of the target wind turbine, thereby completing the safety check on the target wind turbine.

[0026] By adopting this implementation mode, the cable laying effect can be further guaranteed through the inspection of the target wind turbine, and the subsequent stable operation of the target wind turbine can be guaranteed.

[0027] Specifically, for bolts connecting large components of the wind turbine, such as blades and hub, hub and main shaft, the number of tightening torque checks that need to be carried out is higher than the number of checks for bolts in other locations. At the same time, for bolts connecting large components, the number of checks can also be set according to the stress and vibration they are subjected to.

[0028] In summary, the beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: Setting protection measures according to the actual electrical protection requirements of the target wind turbine can ensure the electrical safety of the target wind turbine while improving installation efficiency; Set up corresponding pre-processing methods for different types of cables to ensure the stability and reliability of the cables; By fully considering the distribution of cable separation components and cable fixing frames and setting safe spacing distances, the efficiency of cable laying in the tower can be improved while ensuring safety. After laying the cables, the generator of the target wind turbine is re-centered and different cooling pressures are set to ensure the stable operation of the target unit; By inspecting the target wind turbine, the cable laying effect can be further guaranteed, and the subsequent stable operation of the target wind turbine can be further ensured.

[0029] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, step S1 includes: Connect one end of each electrical equipment grounding wire to the corresponding terminal respectively, and connect the other end to the grounding busbar of the target wind turbine using a first connection pair according to a preset first torque; According to a preset first moment, the grounding copper tape is installed at a designated position of the target tower using a first connection pair; The grounding copper tape is used to connect the blade lightning protection wire of the target wind turbine and the blade lightning protection wire bracket of the target wind turbine, wherein the grounding copper tape passes through the central hanging ring of the blade baffle, so that a section of the grounding copper tape between the blade lightning protection wire and the central hanging ring is straightened, and a section of the grounding copper tape between the blade lightning protection wire bracket and the central hanging ring reserves a margin of the target length.

[0030] By adopting this embodiment, by using the first torque and the first connection pair to connect the corresponding devices, stable connection and conductivity between the devices can be ensured; straightening the part of the grounding copper tape close to the main grounding body can ensure that the resistance at the connection is as small as possible, thereby improving the conductivity of the lightning protection system, and can also reduce the risk of grounding failure caused by loose connection or poor contact. Leaving a margin in another section can improve the adaptability and flexibility of the lightning protection system, so that it can be easier to adjust and connect when subsequent equipment is added or the system is expanded.

[0031] Specifically, the detailed implementation steps of step S1 include: Use an angle grinder to remove the paint around the installation hole of the tower grounding copper belt. The grinding area is 30×30mm². The grinding area should be clean, flat and free of paint. Use a 25mm brush to evenly apply silver paint to the sanded area; Use a torque tool to install the grounding copper belt on the tower grounding copper belt installation hole. The M12 bolt torque is 70Nm. Use a red marker to mark the torque. Use a 25mm brush to evenly apply silver paint on all installed grounding copper strap bolts; Connect one end of the grounding wire of each electrical equipment to the corresponding terminal, and the other end to the grounding busbar pre-buried in the foundation. The connection pair is M12, the bolt tightening torque is 70Nm, and a red marker is used for torque marking; like Figure 2 As shown, a 1750 / 1850mm grounding copper strip with T-shaped wire noses at both ends is used to connect the blade lightning conductor and the blade lightning protection wire bracket. The grounding copper strip passes through the central lifting ring of the blade baffle. The end of the grounding copper strip close to the blade side uses a GB / t6182 type 2 non-metallic insert hexagonal locking nut M10 to fix the wire nose to the copper stud of the blade root baffle, and applies a torque of 40Nm. After fixing, mark it in red. The grounding copper strip close to the bracket end is tied to the blade lightning protection wire bracket with a cable tie, and the wire nose is fixed by the mounting bolts of the lightning protection wire bracket.

[0032] By adopting this embodiment, by polishing the area near the mounting hole and evenly applying silver powder paint, rust prevention can be fully carried out to ensure the conductive performance of the grounding copper strip. The second connection pair and the second torque are used at the end of the grounding copper strip close to the blade side, which can further ensure the stable connection between the components. The grounding copper strip is bundled to prevent the grounding copper strip from swinging / vibrating when a large current passes through the grounding copper strip.

[0033] In this embodiment, step S2 includes: According to the wire diameter and material of the target cable, a corresponding terminal connector or connecting tube is matched, wherein when the target cable is a power cable, a corresponding terminal connector is matched; Pre-processing the position where the target cable needs to be pressed; According to the model of the target cable, select the corresponding pressing die and crimp the target cable according to the preset pressing pit and stay for 10s to 15s after the pressing die is closed in place; The target cable to be crimped is waterproofed or insulated.

[0034] By adopting this embodiment, the wire diameter and material are matched to improve the connection strength after pressing, and the position that needs to be pressed is pre-processed, so that the wire cores inside the cable can have good contact. The cable is matched with a suitable pressing pit and stays for 10s to 15s, which can make the plastic deformation of the metal at the crimping part basically stable, thereby ensuring the conductive effect.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the target cable is a power cable, the detailed implementation steps of step S2 include: Select the terminal connector that corresponds to the cable diameter and material of the power cable; Use a clean cloth to clean the dirt on the power cable; If the power cable has no shielding layer, peel off 4 cm of the outer sheath of the cable head that needs to be crimped with the terminal connector, remove the core sheath, and expose the cable core; if the power cable has a shielding layer, peel off 17 cm of the outer sheath of the cable head that needs to be crimped with the terminal connector, remove the core sheath, and expose the cable core. The shielding layer must be retained; Strip the inner insulation of the power cable core by 3-3.5cm, and then insert the power cable into the terminal connector; Use the crimping die corresponding to the power cable model and the hydraulic crimping pliers for crimping. Each terminal joint shall have no less than 2 crimping pits. At the crimping part of the power cable, the forming edges of the surrounding crimping shall be on the same plane. After each crimping, the crimping die shall stay in place for 10s to 15s. At the same time, after the surrounding crimping, the surface of the crimping part shall be smooth without cracks and burrs, and there shall be no sharp points on all edges. Put a 80mm long black heat shrink tube on the terminal joint, use a hot air gun to heat shrink it, put the yellow-U phase, green-V phase, and red-W phase heat shrink tubes on the power cable according to the cable phase sequence, and then use a hot air gun to shrink them. According to the wiring table of the target fan, print the cable number on the label, and then stick the label on the power cable. Then put a white transparent heat shrink tube φ40 on the label and shrink it with a hot air gun; Tighten the waterproof plug to complete the installation of the power cable. At the same time, when installing the power cable on the inverter end, mark the corresponding bolts with red torque marks.

[0036] By adopting this implementation mode, different pretreatment methods are set for different types of power cables, such as the stripping length of the outer sheath, the stripping length of the inner insulation of the core, the length of different heat shrink tubes, etc., the stability and reliability of the power cable after pressing are further improved. At the same time, no copper wire should be exposed on the outside of the terminal connector to ensure the insulation effect.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the target cable is a non-power cable, the detailed implementation steps of step S2 include: Select a connecting tube that corresponds to the cable diameter and material for the target cable; Use a clean cloth to clean the dirt on the cable; According to the cable phase sequence, put the yellow-U phase, green-V phase, and red-W phase heat shrink tube SCM-17 on the two connecting cables, and then shrink them with a hot air gun; Print the cable number on the label according to the wiring diagram of the target fan, and then stick the label on the two connected cables. Then put the white transparent heat shrink tube φ40 on the label and shrink it with a hot air gun; Strip off 4 cm of the outer sheath of the two cable heads to be connected, remove the core sheath, and expose the cable core; Strip the insulation of half the length of the cable connection tube of each phase core, and stagger the positions of the cable connection tubes between phases for docking to avoid phase-to-phase short circuit due to poor insulation. When docking, first put the black heat shrink tube on the cable to be docked, and dock according to the phase sequence. When docking, the conductor should be fully inserted into the connection tube, and the two conductors in the connection tube should be in good contact without any gaps; Use the crimping die corresponding to the cable model and the hydraulic crimping pliers for crimping. Each terminal joint shall have no less than 2 crimping pits. At the crimping part of the cable, the forming edges of the surrounding crimping shall be on the same plane. After each crimping, the crimping die shall stay in place for 10s to 15s. At the same time, after the surrounding crimping, the surface of the crimping part shall be smooth without cracks and burrs, and there shall be no sharp points on all edges. After crimping, insulation treatment is carried out. First, wrap the exposed conductor with self-adhesive tape. When wrapping, each circle of tape should press half of the previous circle of tape. After wrapping, move the black heat shrink tube that has been put on the cable to the connecting tube and use a hot air gun to perform heat shrink treatment.

[0038] By adopting this embodiment, by setting appropriate pre-processing methods for other cables, such as the stripping length of the outer sheath, the stripping length of the inner insulation of the core, the length of different heat shrink tubes, etc., and adjusting the process steps, the efficiency of cable pressing and the stability and reliability of the cable after pressing are further improved. At the same time, no copper wire should be exposed on the outside of the terminal connector to ensure the insulation effect.

[0039] In this embodiment, step S3 includes: According to the distribution of installation points in the target tower barrel, install the cable fixing brackets and obtain the cable fixing bracket distribution; Lower the target cable placed in the nacelle along the target tower barrel and lay it in the target tower barrel in groups of three phases; According to the distribution of cable separation components in the target tower barrel, make the target cable pass through all cable separation components in the target tower barrel in sequence; Bind the target cable in groups of three phases; Vertically place the bundled target cable under the cable separation component and bend it into a U shape so that the distance between the target cable and the upper plane of the cantilever beam and the distance between the inner layer cable and the outer layer cable of the target cable are both maintained within the interval of the corresponding safety spacing distance; According to the cable fixing bracket distribution, pass the target cable passing through the saddle bridge through all cable fixing brackets layer by layer in sequence.

[0040] Adopting this embodiment, by installing the cable fixing brackets before laying, it can prevent the cable fixing brackets from deforming during transportation and affecting the passage of cables. Laying the cables in sequence according to the distribution of cable separation components can improve the laying efficiency and accuracy. Bundling the cables in groups of three phases when passing through the saddle bridge can prevent the cables from crossing during laying and improve the stability of the cables after laying. At the same time, during the laying process, the cables can be better controlled, and it is easier to control the distance between the cable and the upper plane of the cantilever beam and the distance between the inner layer cable and the outer layer cable, so as to achieve the effect of ensuring the electrical safety of the cables.

[0041] Specifically, the distance between the target cable and the upper plane of the cantilever beam is greater than 200 mm, and the distance between the inner layer cable and the outer layer cable of the target cable is between 200 and 300 mm; when bundling the target cable in groups of three phases, the cables should be arranged in a "pin" shape and should not cross.

[0042] Adopting this embodiment, corresponding intervals of safety spacing distances are set for the distance between the target cable and the upper plane of the cantilever beam and the distance between the inner layer cable and the outer layer cable of the target cable, so as to achieve the effect of ensuring the electrical safety of the cables.

[0043] In this embodiment, step S3 further includes: According to the positions of the stator side, rotor side, and network side of the inverter in the target tower barrel, determine the incoming position and incoming direction of the target cable, and complete the power cable wiring in the inverter of the target tower barrel according to the incoming position and the incoming direction; Adopting this embodiment, the power cable wiring in the inverter of the target tower barrel can be completed while ensuring the laying efficiency and safety.

[0044] Specifically, the detailed implementation steps of step S3 include: Use the top-in method to pass the tower power cable through the cable fixing bracket above the inverter and reserve a margin, then pass the tower power cable into the wiring holes on the stator side and the grid side of the inverter; For the tower power cable from the box-type transformer to the inverter grid side, after passing through the inverter grid side from the lower end of the inverter, thread the cable according to the distribution area of ​​each phase cable on the grid side; When there are less than or equal to 4 power cables per phase in the tower, thread the tower power cables in turn on one side of each phase cable area; When there are more than 4 tower power cables per phase, the tower power cables should be threaded from the inside to the outside in a manner that two adjacent cables of the same phase are connected back to back.

[0045] By adopting this implementation mode, a suitable method is planned for the tower power cable. Since the power cable is thicker and heavier than other cables, the upper entry method can effectively improve the laying efficiency. The power cable can be coiled in the nacelle of the target tower first, and then hoisted together with the tower during hoisting. At the same time, the upper entry method can also reduce the occupation of the internal space of the tower when the internal space of the tower is limited, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and overhaul work, and more effectively utilizes the height of the tower, making the laying of the power cable more reasonable, reducing the line loss caused by the excessive length or excessive bending of the power cable, and can also prevent the power cable from being subjected to excessive mechanical stress and wear at the bottom of the tower, thereby extending the service life of the power cable; By reserving margin, flexibility can be guaranteed in the subsequent laying process. Threading according to the area distribution of each phase cable on the grid side can improve the accuracy of laying and further improve the laying efficiency. Different threading methods are used for different numbers of power cables, which can further improve the laying efficiency and improve the electrical safety of the power cables after laying.

[0046] In this embodiment, the step S3 further includes completing the installation of the tower door limit switch according to the distribution of the cable fixing frame, and the steps of installing the tower door limit switch include: Fixing the tower door limit switch on the inner side of the tower door frame cover plate, and installing the corresponding shaking head on the limit switch according to a preset orientation, wherein the preset orientation is configured such that the head of the shaking head points to the outside of the target tower; The length of the cable protection tube is determined according to the distance between the limit switch and the tower base control cabinet, and when the target cable is laid to the cable fixing frame corresponding to the limit switch, the cable protection tube and the target cable are matched.

[0047] By adopting this embodiment, the head of the limit switch shaking head is directed to the outside of the target tower, which can reduce the interference of other equipment or structures inside the tower to the limit switch and avoid internal interference. At the same time, it enables the staff to observe the working status of the limit switch more intuitively, and it is also easier to approach and operate the limit switch when maintenance or inspection is required, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance. Determining the length of the cable protection tube according to the distance between the limit switch and the tower base control cabinet can improve the safety of the limit switch cable while controlling the construction cost.

[0048] Specifically, a detailed implementation step of installing a tower door limit switch includes: Pre-install the M20 diaphragm bolt on the tail of the limit switch; Use 2-M4×35 screws to fix the limit switch to the inner side of the tower door frame cover, and install the limit switch shaking head on the limit switch so that the head of the shaking head points to the outside of the tower; According to the distance between the limit switch and the tower base control cabinet, cut the corresponding length of the corrugated tube, insert the cable into the corrugated tube, route the cable along the cable fixing frame, and install a black heat shrink tube at the joint between the limit switch and the corrugated tube. The length of the heat shrink tube is 60mm-80mm. Wire the limit switches according to the wiring diagram for the target fan.

[0049] In this embodiment, in addition to selecting suitable connectors to fix the limit switch on the inner side of the tower door frame cover to improve installation efficiency and installation stability, the black heat shrink tube is used to further ensure the reliability of the cable protection tube.

[0050] In this embodiment, step S4 includes: Align the target fan according to its alignment requirements and restore the intermediate pipe connection of the target fan coupling; The generator cooling system of the target fan is filled with liquid to 3.5 to 4.6 atmospheres, and the inverter cooling system of the target fan is filled with liquid to 1.5 to 2 atmospheres.

[0051] By adopting this embodiment, by restoring the middle pipe connection of the coupling, it is possible to ensure the precise alignment of the axes at both ends of the coupling, thereby reducing vibration and wear, so that the fan can operate stably after centering; Appropriate filling pressures are set for the generator cooling system and the inverter cooling system respectively. For the generator of the target fan, the cooling efficiency can be improved and the system stability can be enhanced, and it is helpful to detect potential leakage points. When a leak occurs in the system, the pressure will drop rapidly, thereby reminding maintenance personnel to check and repair in time. For the inverter of the target fan, the heat dissipation performance can be optimized and the inverter efficiency can be improved.

[0052] In this embodiment, step S5 includes: For the target wind turbine’s blade-hub connecting bolts, hub-spindle connecting bolts, nacelle-tower connecting bolts, and tower-to-tower connecting bolts, select 20% to 30% for tightening torque inspection, and for the target wind turbine’s remaining bolts, select 10% to 15% for tightening torque inspection; According to the electrical wiring drawings and electrical standards of the target wind turbine, conduct circuit inspection on the laid target cables.

[0053] By adopting this implementation mode, the reliability inspection of the cable laying of the wind turbine generator set can be completed while ensuring the inspection efficiency and accuracy. Since in the wind turbine generator set, the cable is usually fixed in a specific position and protected accordingly, however, if the overall stability of the unit decreases, the cable fixing device may become loose or damaged, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of the cable. At the same time, the unstable operation of the unit may generate additional vibrations and shocks, which may accelerate the wear and aging process of the cable, especially at the contact points between the cable and other parts of the unit, which are more prone to wear and damage. Therefore, it is necessary to inspect the connection reliability of each key component and part of the wind turbine to ensure the reliability of the wind turbine and the reliability of the cable laying in the tower at the same time. In addition to the overall proportion, when inspecting, the bolts at the stress concentration position should also be given priority. The finite element analysis method can be used to determine the bolts to be inspected, for example: Obtain the geometric model of the target wind turbine, especially focusing on the bolted joints, including key components such as the tower, nacelle, blades, and the bolted connections between them; Assign correct material properties to each component in the model, including density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc., especially the material properties of bolts, which will directly affect the results of finite element analysis; Mesh the model and generate discrete units for finite element analysis. Mesh refinement should be performed at bolted joints, especially in areas where stress may be concentrated (such as around bolt holes, flange contact surfaces, etc.) to improve analysis accuracy. According to the actual operation of the wind turbine generator set, reasonable boundary conditions are set, and the loads such as wind force, gravity, inertia force and bolt preload of the wind turbine generator set are applied to the model; Finite element analysis, including static analysis and contact analysis, is performed to obtain the stress distribution at the bolted connection.

[0054] Therefore, the beneficial effects of this embodiment also include: Specific protective measures are further set to guide the installation of wind turbine lightning protection systems, which are more suitable for large wind turbines; Different pre-processing methods and process steps are set for different cables, which further improves the efficiency of cable pressing and the stability and reliability of the cable after pressing; A specific cable threading method is further set up to provide guidance for cable laying inside the tower of large wind turbines to ensure laying efficiency and reliability; The reliability of the cables laid in the tower of large wind turbines is ensured by realigning the generator of the target wind turbine, filling the cooling system to a specific pressure range and performing specific safety inspections.

[0055] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and thus will not be described in detail.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine, characterized in that: include: Step S1, according to the electrical equipment position and component position of the target wind turbine, set protective measures and install the wind turbine lightning protection system according to the protective measures; Step S2, according to the type of the target cable, select different pressing pits, pre-process the target cable and complete the pressing of the terminal joint or the connecting tube of the target cable; Step S3, according to the distribution of cable separation components and cable fixing frames of the target tower, set a corresponding safety spacing distance, pass the target cable through all cable separation components in sequence according to the safety spacing distance, and then pass the target cable through all cable fixing frames layer by layer in sequence to complete the cable wiring installation in the target tower; Step S4, realigning the generator of the target wind turbine, and filling the cooling system to a specified pressure range according to the type of the cooling system of the target wind turbine; Step S5: perform a circuit check on the laid target cable, and perform a tightening torque check on the bolts of the target wind turbine according to the connection relationship between the components of the target wind turbine, thereby completing the safety check on the target wind turbine.

2. A method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: Connect one end of each electrical equipment grounding wire to the corresponding terminal respectively, and connect the other end to the grounding busbar of the target wind turbine using a first connection pair according to a preset first torque; According to a preset first moment, the grounding copper tape is installed at a designated position of the target tower using a first connection pair; The grounding copper tape is used to connect the blade lightning protection wire of the target wind turbine and the blade lightning protection wire bracket of the target wind turbine, wherein the grounding copper tape passes through the central hanging ring of the blade baffle, so that a section of the grounding copper tape between the blade lightning protection wire and the central hanging ring is straightened, and a section of the grounding copper tape between the blade lightning protection wire bracket and the central hanging ring reserves a margin of the target length.

3. The method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: According to the wire diameter and material of the target cable, a corresponding terminal connector or connecting tube is matched, wherein when the target cable is a power cable, a corresponding terminal connector is matched; Pre-processing the position where the target cable needs to be pressed; According to the model of the target cable, select the corresponding pressing die and crimp the target cable according to the preset pressing pit and stay for 10s to 15s after the pressing die is closed in place; The target cable to be crimped is waterproofed or insulated.

4. The method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 comprises: According to the distribution of installation points in the target tower, complete the installation of the cable fixing rack and obtain the distribution of the cable fixing rack; Lowering the target cables placed in the nacelle along the target tower and laying them into the target tower in groups of three phases; According to the distribution of the cable separation components of the target tower, the target cable is passed through all the cable separation components in the target tower in sequence; Bundling the target cables in groups of three phases; The bundled target cables are placed vertically under the cable separation assembly and bent into a U shape, so that the distance between the target cables and the upper plane of the suspension beam and the distance between the inner layer cable and the outer layer cable of the target cables are kept within the corresponding safety spacing distance range; According to the distribution of the cable fixing frames, the target cable passing through the saddle bridge is passed through all the cable fixing frames layer by layer in sequence.

5. The method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises: According to the positions of the stator side, rotor side and grid side of the target tower inverter, the incoming line position and incoming line direction of the target cable are determined, and according to the incoming line position and the incoming line direction, the power cable wiring in the target tower inverter is completed.

6. A method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises: Use the top-in method to pass the tower power cable through the cable fixing bracket above the inverter and reserve a margin, then pass the tower power cable through the wiring holes on the stator side and the grid side of the inverter; For the tower power cable from the box-type transformer to the inverter grid side, after passing through the inverter grid side from the lower end of the inverter, thread the cable according to the distribution area of ​​each phase cable on the grid side; When there are less than or equal to 4 power cables per phase in the tower, thread the tower power cables in turn on one side of each phase cable area; When there are more than 4 tower power cables per phase, the tower power cables should be threaded from the inside to the outside in a back-to-back manner with two adjacent cables of the same phase connected together.

7. The method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises: According to the distribution of the cable fixing brackets, complete the installation of the tower door limit switch.

8. The method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises: Fixing the tower door limit switch on the inner side of the tower door frame cover plate, and installing the corresponding shaking head on the limit switch according to a preset orientation, wherein the preset orientation is configured such that the head of the shaking head points to the outside of the target tower; The length of the cable protection tube is determined according to the distance between the limit switch and the tower base control cabinet, and when the target cable is laid to the cable fixing frame corresponding to the limit switch, the cable protection tube and the target cable are matched.

9. The method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises: Align the target fan according to its alignment requirements and restore the intermediate pipe connection of the target fan coupling; The generator cooling system of the target fan is filled with liquid to 3.5 to 4.6 atmospheres, and the inverter cooling system of the target fan is filled with liquid to 1.5 to 2 atmospheres.

10. The method for laying and installing cables in a tower of a large wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 comprises: For the target wind turbine’s blade-hub connecting bolts, hub-spindle connecting bolts, nacelle-tower connecting bolts, and tower-to-tower connecting bolts, select 20% to 30% for tightening torque inspection, and for the target wind turbine’s remaining bolts, select 10% to 15% for tightening torque inspection; According to the electrical wiring drawings and electrical standards of the target wind turbine, conduct circuit inspection on the laid target cables.

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