A method for achieving coaxial confocal calorimetry in X-ray optical systems

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of space X-ray optics technology, specifically to a method for achieving calorimetric coaxial confocal focusing in X-ray optical systems. This method enables high-precision assembly of multi-layered nested X-ray focusing optical systems, effectively eliminating the thermal effects of temperature changes and meeting the application requirements under varying space temperature conditions. The invention utilizes a high-precision optical mold as a reference and employs a high-precision optical welding method to achieve high-precision coaxial confocal assembly of multi-layered nested X-ray focusing optical systems, effectively improving assembly efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, by effectively matching the thermal expansion coefficients of the optical and supporting materials, the thermal effects of temperature changes in the X-ray optical system are effectively eliminated, ensuring its suitability for applications under varying space temperature conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of space X-ray optics technology, and more specifically to a method for achieving coaxial confocal calorimetry in an X-ray optical system. Background Technology

[0002] X-ray optical systems have wide applications in X-ray pulsar navigation, space X-ray detection, and space matter analysis. In these applications, the X-ray optical system is located at the front end of the entire detection system, responsible for collecting weak X-ray signals from space onto the X-ray sensor at the back end. Through signal processing, the detection of X-ray signals in space can be achieved. Therefore, the quality of the X-ray optical system directly affects the final X-ray signal detection and application.

[0003] Currently, there are three main methods for realizing X-ray optical systems: metal epoxy replication, electroplated nickel replication, and ultrathin glass replication. Compared to the first two methods, ultrathin glass replication has advantages such as lightweight, high surface accuracy, and low surface roughness. By depositing a high-reflectivity X-ray coating on ultrathin glass and using a multi-layered nested reflective surface, effective detection of weak X-ray photon signals can be achieved. Therefore, ultrathin glass replication is the main method for realizing high-precision X-ray optical systems. However, this method also has certain problems. It is mainly limited by traditional implementation methods, resulting in difficulties in achieving high-efficiency and high-precision coaxial confocal assembly in multi-layered nested X-ray optical systems based on ultrathin glass replication. At the same time, due to the mismatch in the thermal expansion coefficients of the glass material and the supporting material, there is a certain thermal stress in the environment of drastic temperature changes in space, which makes it difficult to meet the detection application requirements under space temperature changes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for achieving coaxial confocal calorimetry in X-ray optical systems, which can realize high-precision assembly of multi-layer nested X-ray focusing optical systems with coaxial confocal focus, effectively eliminating the thermal effect of X-ray optical systems when the temperature changes, and enabling them to meet the application requirements under space temperature variation conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for achieving coaxial confocal calorimetry in an X-ray optical system, employing an optical mold, a laser welding device, optical welding rods, X-ray optical lenses, and an optical support turntable, includes the following steps:

[0007] The inner surface of the X-ray optical lens is coated;

[0008] After coating, the first layer of X-ray optical lens is covered on the surface of the optical mold, and the parameters of the optical mold are consistent with the parameters of the inner reflective surface of the first layer of lens; an optical welding strip is fixed above the lens connection, and the optical welding strip has the same thermal characteristics as the X-ray optical lens; the first layer of X-ray optical lens and the welding strip lens are then fixed.

[0009] Adjust the position of the laser welding device so that it is directly above the X-ray optical lens to be welded, and at the same time, the focal point of its laser spot is located between the first layer lens and the optical mold. Move the laser along the optical axis to complete the welding of the lens and the optical mold. Rotate the optical support turntable to complete the welding of all the first layer lenses to the optical mold.

[0010] Using the first layer of X-ray optical lens as a reference, the optical welding of subsequent layers of X-ray optical lenses is completed sequentially on top of it. After all welding work is completed, optical flanges are installed and fixed at the front and rear ends of the lens to complete the overall installation of the optical system. The optical flanges at the front and rear ends have the same thermal effect as the optical lens.

[0011] During the coating process, the first lens layer is not coated, while the inner surfaces of the remaining lens layers are coated with an X-ray high-reflectivity film.

[0012] The thickness of each optical welding strip is equal to the designed distance between the X-ray optical lens of that layer and the next X-ray optical lens.

[0013] In this process, optical tape is used to fix the first layer and the welding strip lens, thereby achieving optical bonding between the lens and the optical mold.

[0014] The process involves adjusting the position of the laser spot so that its focus is located at the contact surface between the first layer of lens and the optical welding strip. The laser welding device is then moved along the optical axis to move the laser spot along the optical axis direction, thus completing the welding of the lens and the optical welding strip. Then, the optical support turntable is rotated to complete the welding of all the lenses in the first layer with the optical welding strip. Finally, the optical fixing tape is removed, completing the welding between the optical mold, the first layer of X-ray optical lens, and the optical welding strip.

[0015] The spokes of the optical flange are the same width as the optical welding rod, and the spokes of the optical flange are located directly above the optical welding rod. The optical flange and the optical welding rod have the same thermal characteristics.

[0016] The optical flange and the optical welding strip are fixed together using the same welding method used when welding all the lenses in the first layer to the optical mold.

[0017] Beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The method of this invention uses a high-precision optical mold as a reference and employs a high-precision optical welding method to achieve high-precision coaxial confocal assembly of a multi-layer nested X-ray focusing optical system, which can effectively improve the system's assembly efficiency and accuracy. At the same time, by effectively matching the thermal expansion coefficients of optical materials and supporting materials, the thermal effect of the X-ray optical system under temperature changes can be effectively eliminated, enabling it to meet the application requirements under space temperature variation conditions, and providing technical support for the realization of high-precision X-ray optical systems and space applications.

[0019] 2. The method of the present invention uses a high-precision optical mold as a reference. First, the ultra-thin glass is precisely bonded to the mold through physical fixing. Then, a high-precision optical welding method is used to realize the high-precision coaxial confocal assembly of the multi-layer nested X-ray focusing optical system, which can effectively improve the assembly efficiency and assembly accuracy of the system.

[0020] 3. In the method of the present invention, the optical welding strip and the X-ray optical lens are made of the same material or have the same thermal properties to ensure that the system does not ignite when the temperature changes; finally, the first layer and the welding strip lens are fixed with optical tape (3M tape) to achieve a tight optical bond between the lens and the high-precision optical mold.

[0021] 4. In the method of this invention, during the welding of the multilayer X-ray optical system, the first layer of X-ray optical lens is used as a reference, and the welding is performed in the following order: second layer of X-ray optical lens – second layer of optical welding strip – third layer of X-ray optical lens. The optical welding strip should maintain strict optical fit with its two adjacent X-ray lenses. Therefore, the welding surface parameters of the optical welding strip should be strictly designed based on the two X-ray optical lenses it contacts. In this case, it can be ensured that the X-ray optical system between different layers is strictly based on the optical mold, realizing the coaxial confocal assembly of the multilayer X-ray optical system.

[0022] 5. In the method of the present invention, the spoke width of the optical flange is the same as the width of the optical welding rod, and the spokes of the optical flange are located directly above the optical welding rod, which can reduce the loss of the effective optical detection area of ​​the system caused by the spoke width. The optical flange and the optical welding rod should be made of the same material or have the same thermal properties. The optical flange and the optical welding rod are fixed together by the laser welding method described in the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the coaxial confocal calorimetry method for the X-ray focusing optical system of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the welding of multilayer X-ray optical lenses in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the optical flange and optical system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] This invention provides a method for achieving coaxial confocal calorimetry in an X-ray optical system. It employs a high-precision optical mold 1, a high-efficiency laser welding device 2, an optical welding strip 3, X-ray optical lenses 4, and an optical support turntable 5 (capable of 360° rotation). The principle of this invention's coaxial confocal calorimetry method for X-ray focusing optical systems is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: First, the inner surface of the X-ray optical lens, fabricated using an ultra-thin glass replication method, is coated. The first layer of the lens is left uncoated, while the inner surfaces of the remaining layers are coated with an X-ray high-reflectivity film. The X-ray optical lens can be a 120° lens or a 90° lens, and the glass thickness and length of each layer are the same. When coating the inner surface of the X-ray optical lens, a 1-2mm wide area should be left on the inner surface, depending on the width of the optical welding strip, as a fixing area for the welding strip.

[0029] After coating, the first layer of X-ray optical lens is placed on the surface of the high-precision optical mold. The parameters of the selected high-precision optical mold should match the parameters of the inner reflective surface of the first layer of lens. Optical welding strips are fixed above the lens joints. The thickness of each layer of optical welding strips should be equal to the designed distance between the current layer of X-ray optical lens and the next layer. The optical welding strips should be made of the same material as the X-ray optical lens or have the same thermal properties to ensure that the system does not overheat during temperature changes. Finally, optical tape (3M tape) is used to fix the first layer and the welding strip lens, achieving a tight optical bond between the lens and the high-precision optical mold.

[0030] Step 2: A high-efficiency laser welding device is used to complete the optical welding. First, the position of the laser welding device is adjusted so that it is directly above the X-ray optical lens to be welded, with the focal point of the laser spot located between the first-layer lens and the high-precision optical mold. The laser is then moved along the optical axis to complete the welding of the lens and the high-precision optical mold. The optical support turntable is then rotated to complete the welding of all the first-layer lenses to the high-precision optical mold. Specifically, by adjusting the position of the laser spot so that its focal point is located at the contact surface between the first-layer lens and the optical welding strip, the laser welding device is moved along the optical axis to complete the welding of the lens and the optical welding strip. Then, the optical support turntable is rotated to complete the welding of all the first-layer lenses to the optical welding strip. Finally, the optical fixing tape is removed, completing the welding between the high-precision optical mold, the first-layer X-ray optical lens, and the optical welding strip.

[0031] Step 3: Using the first layer of X-ray optical lens as a reference, complete the optical welding of subsequent layers of X-ray optical lenses in sequence. After all welding work is completed, install and fix optical flanges at the front and rear ends of the lens to complete the overall installation of the optical system. The front and rear optical flanges are made of the same material as the optical lens or have the same thermal effect.

[0032] By using high-precision optical molds as a reference and employing high-precision optical bonding and welding methods, coaxial and confocal mounting of multi-layer X-ray optical lenses can be guaranteed. Furthermore, since the high-precision optical molds, X-ray optical lenses, optical welding strips, and optical flanges are made of the same material or have the same thermal effect, the thermal effects of temperature changes in the X-ray optical system can be effectively eliminated, achieving a heatless design for the system.

[0033] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the welding of multi-layer X-ray optical lenses. X-ray optical lenses 4 represent different layers, and optical welding strips 3 connect the different layers. During the welding of the multi-layer X-ray optical system, the welding process follows the sequence of the first layer X-ray optical lens – the second layer X-ray optical lens – the second layer optical welding strip – the third layer X-ray optical lens. The optical welding strip must maintain strict optical contact with its two adjacent X-ray optical lenses. Therefore, the surface parameters of the optical welding strip should be rigorously designed based on the two X-ray optical lenses it contacts. In this configuration, the X-ray optical system between different layers is ensured to be strictly based on the optical mold, achieving coaxial confocal assembly of the multi-layer X-ray optical system.

[0034] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the X-ray optical system in the method of the present invention. In this X-ray optical system, the optical flange plays a supporting and protective role. The width of the spokes 11 of the optical flange should be the same as the width of the optical welding rod. The spokes of the optical flange are located directly above the optical welding rod, which can reduce the loss of the effective optical detection area of ​​the system caused by the width of the spokes. The optical flange and the optical welding rod should be made of the same material or have the same thermal properties. The optical flange and the optical welding rod are fixed together by laser welding as described in step 2 of the present invention.

[0035] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for achieving coaxial confocal calorimetry in an X-ray optical system, characterized in that, This method utilizes optical molds, laser welding equipment, optical welding rods, X-ray optical lenses, and an optical support turntable, and includes the following steps: The inner surface of the X-ray optical lens is coated; After coating, the first layer of X-ray optical lens is covered on the surface of the optical mold, and the parameters of the optical mold are consistent with the parameters of the inner reflective surface of the first layer of lens; an optical welding strip is fixed above the lens connection, and the optical welding strip has the same thermal characteristics as the X-ray optical lens; the first layer of X-ray optical lens and the welding strip lens are then fixed. Adjust the position of the laser welding device so that it is directly above the X-ray optical lens to be welded, and at the same time, the focal point of its laser spot is located between the first layer lens and the optical mold. Move the laser along the optical axis to complete the welding of the lens and the optical mold. Rotate the optical support turntable to complete the welding of all the first layer lenses to the optical mold. Using the first layer of X-ray optical lens as a reference, the optical welding of subsequent layers of X-ray optical lenses is completed sequentially on top of it. After all welding work is completed, optical flanges are installed and fixed at the front and rear ends of the lens to complete the overall installation of the optical system. The optical flanges at the front and rear ends have the same thermal effect as the optical lens.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, During the coating process, the first lens layer is not coated, while the inner surfaces of the remaining lens layers are coated with an X-ray high-reflectivity coating.

3. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The thickness of each layer of optical welding strip is equal to the designed distance between the X-ray optical lens of that layer and the next layer of X-ray optical lens.

4. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The first layer and welding strip lens are fixed with optical tape to achieve optical bonding between the lens and the optical mold.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, By adjusting the position of the laser spot so that its focus is at the contact surface between the first layer lens and the optical welding strip, the laser welding device is moved along the optical axis to move the laser spot along the optical axis direction, thus completing the welding of the lens and the optical welding strip. Then, the optical support turntable is rotated to complete the welding of all the lenses in the first layer with the optical welding strip. Finally, the optical fixing tape is removed, completing the welding between the optical mold, the first layer of X-ray optical lens, and the optical welding strip.

6. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The spokes of the optical flange are the same width as the optical welding rod, and the spokes of the optical flange are located directly above the optical welding rod. The optical flange and the optical welding rod have the same thermal properties.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The optical flange and the optical welding strip are fixed together using the same welding method used when welding all the lenses in the first layer to the optical mold.

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