Power supply circuit, monitoring method thereof and server

Abstract

The invention discloses a power supply circuit, a monitoring method thereof and a server, and relates to the technical field of servers, the number of at least one first protection component arranged on each power supply branch and a first protection threshold value can be adjusted according to the power supply demand of a load mounted on a power supply node connected with the power supply branch; therefore, the power supply branches are differentially matched with dynamic load requirements, the technical problem that the protection component is mistakenly broken and missed to be broken is solved, it is ensured that the protection action is accurately triggered in different load states, and the technical effects of reducing mistakenly broken and missed broken and improving the operation safety and reliability of the server are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of servers, and in particular to a power supply circuit and a monitoring method thereof, and a server. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of technologies such as cloud computing and artificial intelligence, the demand for server computing power is growing exponentially. The integration of high-power devices such as multi-core CPU (Central Processing Unit), GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) clusters and accelerator cards has greatly increased the power input power of a single server. Therefore, the server system adopts a multi-channel independent power supply architecture to support the voltage and current requirements of different loads. In order to achieve protection when the circuit current is abnormal, a one-time fuse or mechanical circuit breaker is added to the power supply branch as a protection component. However, such devices have fixed protection thresholds and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time power consumption of the load, resulting in the risk of over-protection or under-protection. In addition, the fuse needs to be replaced manually after it is activated, which seriously affects the continuous operation of high-availability servers.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problems is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve at present. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a power supply circuit and a monitoring method and a server thereof, so as to at least solve the technical problem of false disconnection and missed disconnection of a protection component with a fixed protection threshold in the related art.

[0005] The present invention provides a power supply circuit, comprising:

[0006] A plurality of power supply branches, wherein a first end of each power supply branch is connected to a power supply output end of a power supply source, and a second end of each power supply branch is connected to a corresponding power supply node;

[0007] At least one first protection component, the first protection component is connected in series on the power supply branch, the first protection component is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply branch where the first protection component is located, and disconnect in response to a first signal; the number of first protection components on the power supply branch and the first protection threshold are determined based on the power supply demand of the load mounted on the power supply node connected to the power supply branch;

[0008] A control component is connected to at least one of the first protection components on at least one of the power supply branches, and the control component is configured to output the first signal when the power supply parameter detected by the first protection component reaches a first protection threshold corresponding to the first protection component.

[0009] The present invention further provides a power supply circuit monitoring method, which is applied to the power supply circuit as described above, wherein the power supply circuit includes a plurality of power supply branches, and the power supply circuit monitoring method includes:

[0010] Acquire a power supply parameter of a power supply branch detected by at least one first protection component connected in series to the power supply branch;

[0011] When the power supply parameter detected by the first protection component reaches a first protection threshold corresponding to the first protection component, the first protection component whose power supply parameter reaches the first protection threshold is controlled to be disconnected.

[0012] The present invention further provides a server, comprising at least one power supply and a power supply circuit as described above and connected to the power supply.

[0013] Through the present invention, since the number of at least one first protection component and the first protection threshold set on each power supply branch can be adjusted according to the power supply demand of the load mounted on the power node connected to the power supply branch, each power supply branch can be differentiated to match the dynamic load demand, thereby solving the technical problems of false disconnection and missed disconnection of the protection component, ensuring that the protection action is accurately triggered under different load conditions, achieving the technical effect of reducing false disconnection and missed disconnection and improving the operation safety and reliability of the server. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detection module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 A flow chart of a power supply circuit monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0023] First, please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a power supply circuit, comprising:

[0024] A plurality of power supply branches 1, wherein a first end of the power supply branch 1 is connected to a power supply output end of a power supply source, and a second end of the power supply branch 1 is connected to a corresponding power supply node;

[0025] At least one first protection component 2, the first protection component 2 is connected in series on the power supply branch 1, and the first protection component 2 is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply branch 1 where it is located, and disconnect in response to the first signal; the number of first protection components 2 on the power supply branch 1 and the first protection threshold are determined based on the power supply demand of the load mounted on the power supply node connected to the power supply branch 1;

[0026] The control component 3 is connected to at least one first protection component 2 on at least one power supply branch 1. The control component 3 is configured to output a first signal when the power supply parameter detected by the first protection component 2 reaches a first protection threshold corresponding to the first protection component 2.

[0027] In this embodiment, the server includes a power supply, and the power output end of the power supply is connected to different power supply nodes (such as Figure 1 The first power supply node G1 and the second power supply node G2 in the embodiment are connected to each power supply node, and at least one load is mounted under each power supply node. Therefore, the power supply circuit of the power supply in this embodiment includes multiple power supply branches 1. Figure 1Eight loads are shown, namely a first load z1 and a second load z2 mounted on the first power node G1, and a third load z3, a fourth load z4, a fifth load z5, a sixth load z6, a seventh load z7 and an eighth load z8 mounted on the second power node G2.

[0028] Each power supply branch 1 includes at least one first protection component 2, and the first protection component 2 has its own corresponding first protection threshold. The number of first protection components 2 and the size of the first protection threshold on each power supply branch 1 are determined based on the power supply demand of the load mounted on the power supply node connected to the rear end of the power supply branch 1, so that different branches can flexibly configure protection components according to their load characteristics (such as power size, current demand, etc.) to achieve differentiated protection. Exemplarily, for loads with large power requirements, the number of protection components can be increased or the threshold can be adjusted to ensure that the power will not be cut off due to malfunction of the protection component at high loads; and for loads with small power requirements, the protection threshold can be appropriately lowered to improve the sensitivity of protection. The first protection component 2 is used to detect the power supply parameters on the power supply branch 1 where it is located, and transmit the power supply parameters to the control component 3. When the control component 3 determines that the power supply parameters on the power supply branch 1 reach the first protection threshold corresponding to the first protection component 2, the protection action is triggered and the first signal is output. The first protection component 2 disconnects the power supply branch 1 under the drive of the first signal, thereby disconnecting the power supply of the power supply node at the rear end of the power supply branch 1. The control component 3 is connected to at least one first protection component 2 on at least one power supply branch 1. When the first protection component 2 detects that the power supply parameter reaches its corresponding first protection threshold, the control component 3 outputs a first signal to trigger a protection action.

[0029] The protection components in the related technologies often use fixed thresholds and configurations, which are prone to false disconnection (breaking when it should not be broken) or missed disconnection (not breaking when it should be broken) when the load changes. This solution makes the protection action more accurate through differentiated configuration, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of false disconnection and missed disconnection. Through precise protection actions, the power supply circuit can cut off the power supply in time when the load is abnormal (such as short circuit, overload, etc.) to prevent the fault from expanding, thereby improving the operating safety and reliability of equipment such as servers. It can be understood that servers usually need to power multiple modules with different power and functions at the same time. Through the differentiated protection mechanism of this embodiment, it can be ensured that each module can be accurately protected under its respective load state, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the server.

[0030] In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of first protection components 2 are provided on the power supply branch 1, and the plurality of first protection components 2 are connected in parallel.

[0031] In this embodiment, multiple first protection components 2 are connected in parallel on the same power supply branch 1, and multiple first protection components 2 share the current and voltage of the power supply branch 1, but each protection component can independently detect the power supply parameters and trigger the protection action. When the power supply parameters (such as current, voltage, etc.) of the power supply branch 1 change, each parallel first protection component 2 will independently detect the parameter. If the parameter detected by a certain protection component reaches its set first protection threshold, the control component 3 will output a first signal to drive the parallel first protection component in the power supply branch 1 to disconnect the power supply branch 1. Furthermore, multiple parallel first protection components 2 can simultaneously detect the power supply parameters of the power supply branch 1, increasing the redundancy of the detection. Even if one of the protection components fails or misjudgments, the other protection components can still work normally and trigger the protection action, thereby improving the reliability of the entire power supply circuit.

[0032] In this embodiment, each parallel first protection component 2 can be set with a different protection threshold, so as to realize multi-level protection of the power supply branch 1. For example, a low-threshold first protection component 2 can be set to detect minor abnormal conditions, and a high-threshold first protection component 2 can be set to deal with serious faults, so that the triggering conditions of the protection action can be controlled more finely. The parallel first protection components 2 can be flexibly configured according to the load characteristics connected to the power supply branch 1. For complex loads (such as equipment with multiple different power requirements), multiple protection components can be set to deal with different types of abnormal conditions respectively, so as to better adapt to dynamic load requirements.

[0033] In addition, if a large current impact occurs, multiple first protection components 2 in parallel can share the current together. Each first protection component 2 will share part of the current according to its own characteristics (such as resistance, conduction capacity, etc.), thereby reducing the burden of a single component. Multiple first protection components 2 in parallel can simultaneously detect abnormal conditions of the power supply branch 1. Once a component detects a large current impact and triggers a protection action, the control component 3 can quickly output a signal to cut off the power supply branch 1. This multi-point detection mechanism can shorten the response time, cut off the power supply faster, and prevent large current impacts from causing serious damage to the circuit.

[0034] As an optional embodiment, on the basis of the parallel protection components, some protection elements (such as inductors, resistors or positive temperature coefficient resistors) can be connected in series to further limit the current. These elements can provide additional impedance when a large current impacts, slowing down the rise of the current. For example, for example, the series inductor can effectively suppress the rapid change of the current, thereby reducing the pressure of the large current impact on the parallel protection components.

[0035] In an exemplary embodiment, the multiple first protection components 2 connected in parallel include at least one redundant protection component, the first protection threshold of the redundant protection component is greater than the first protection threshold of the main protection component, and the main protection component is the first protection component 2 among the multiple first protection components 2 connected in parallel except the redundant protection component.

[0036] In this embodiment, a redundant protection component is introduced. Taking a power supply branch 1 as an example, the multiple first protection components 2 on the power supply branch 1 include a main protection component and a redundant protection component. The main protection component is the main protection element on the power supply branch 1. Its first protection threshold is set according to normal working conditions and load requirements, and is used to trigger a protection action in a conventional abnormal situation (such as slight overcurrent, overvoltage, etc.) to cut off the power supply branch 1. The first protection threshold of the redundant protection component is higher than that of the main protection component, which means that it will not trigger a protection action under normal circumstances. Its main function is to serve as a backup and provide additional protection when the main protection component fails or cannot cope with extreme abnormal situations (such as large current impact, severe short circuit, etc.). The main protection component and the redundant protection component together constitute a dual protection mechanism. The main protection component is responsible for handling common abnormal situations, while the redundant protection component provides additional protection in extreme situations to ensure that the power supply branch 1 can be protected in various abnormal situations. Even if the main protection component fails to trigger a protection action due to a fault or misjudgment, the redundant protection component can still play a role to avoid equipment damage or safety accidents caused by protection failure.

[0037] The high protection threshold of the redundant protection component enables it to withstand larger current shocks. In the case of a large current shock, the main protection component may be damaged or unable to respond in time due to excessive current. At this time, the redundant protection component can trigger a protection action to cut off the power supply branch 1, thereby protecting the circuit. The parallel main protection component and redundant protection component can share the current and reduce the burden of a single component. The high threshold design of the redundant protection component enables it to absorb more energy during a large current shock, thereby enhancing the shock resistance of the entire power supply branch 1.

[0038] In an exemplary embodiment, the first protection component 2 includes:

[0039] A detection module provided on the power supply branch 1, wherein the first end is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, and the sampling output end is connected to the control component 3, and the detection module is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply branch 1 where the detection module is located;

[0040] The switch module is arranged on the power supply branch 1, the first end is connected to the second end of the detection module, the second end is connected to the corresponding power supply node, the control end is connected to the control component 3, and the switch module is configured to disconnect in response to the first signal.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first protection component 2 includes a switch module and a detection module. The switch module and the detection module adopt a separate design scheme. The switch module and the detection module are connected in series in the power supply branch 1. Specifically, the first end of the switch module is connected to the second end of the detection module, the second end is connected to the corresponding power supply node, and the control end of the switch module is connected to the control component 3. The detection module is arranged on the power supply branch 1, the first end of the detection module is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, and the sampling output end of the detection module is connected to the control component 3, which is used to detect the power supply parameters (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.) on the power supply branch 1 where it is located in real time, and feed back the power supply parameters to the control component 3, which can be transmitted to the control component 3 through analog signals or digital communication (such as ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter, analog-to-digital converter) conversion). The control component 3 determines whether the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions based on the power supply parameters monitored by the detection module. If so, the first signal is sent to the switch module on the power supply branch 1 where the detection module is located. After receiving the first signal, the switch module is disconnected, thereby cutting off the power supply branch 1 and stopping the power supply to the load on the power supply branch 1, while other branches maintain normal operation. The switch module may specifically select electronic fuses (efuse), which have the characteristics of high voltage resistance and fast response, and can quickly cut off the power supply branch 1 to prevent the fault from expanding.

[0042] In this embodiment, the detection module and the switch module are configured independently to avoid interference between the monitoring and execution functions, ensuring that only the faulty branch is cut off and the non-faulty part is not affected. The modular design allows the detection or switch components to be replaced separately, reducing maintenance costs. When adding a new branch, only the module combination needs to be copied without reconstructing the entire system. The detection signal is separated from the first signal (such as using photoelectric isolation technology) to reduce the interference of electromagnetic noise in the power supply circuit on the control logic.

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, the detection module includes at least one sampling resistor, a first end of the at least one sampling resistor is connected to a power supply output end of a power supply, and a second end of the at least one sampling resistor is connected to the control component 3 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the detection module includes at least one sampling resistor, a first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, and a second end is connected to the control component 3. The current of the power supply branch 1 is detected by the sampling resistor. Specifically, the voltage drop across the sampling resistor is proportional to the current passing through the resistor. By detecting this voltage drop, the current of the power supply branch 1 can be calculated. The selection of the sampling resistor needs to be determined according to the current range and accuracy requirements of the power supply branch 1 to ensure the accuracy of the detection.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment, referring to Figure 2The detection module includes a conductor segment connected to a power input terminal and a power output terminal on the board, and measuring points arranged at both ends of the conductor segment, the measuring points are connected to the control component 3, the power input terminal is connected to the output end of the power supply, and the power output terminal is connected to the corresponding load, and the load and the control component 3 are both arranged on the board.

[0046] In this embodiment, in addition to selecting an external sampling resistor to realize the sampling of power supply parameters, the detection module can also reserve a conductor segment with a preset impedance in the board (which can be a copper foil trace on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) or a dedicated metal strip) to realize the function of the sampling resistor. One end of the conductor segment is connected to the power input terminal on the board, and the other end of the conductor segment is connected to the power output terminal on the board. The power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply, and the power output terminal is connected to the corresponding load on the board. Measuring points are provided at both ends of the conductor segment, and the measuring points are respectively connected to the control component 3 through connecting lines. Specifically, the measuring points are respectively connected to the differential input port of the control component 3 through connecting lines to eliminate the lead resistance error. The control component 3 obtains the voltage drop at both ends of the conductor segment to realize the sampling of the power supply parameters on the power supply branch 1. According to the target detection accuracy and current range, the inherent impedance of the conductor segment is calculated by adjusting the length L, width W, and material (such as copper foil resistivity). The size of the conductor segment can be set according to the actual engineering needs to meet the sampling accuracy requirements and path loss requirements. This embodiment is not specifically limited here.

[0047] Among them, the board with reserved conductor segments is the board with load and switch modules. By reserving conductor segments with preset impedance in the board, the board area occupied by discrete devices can be reduced, which is suitable for high-density board design (such as server power boards). The conductor segments are integrated with the board to avoid the problem of desoldering or poor contact of discrete resistors due to vibration and temperature change. The parasitic parameters (inductance, capacitance) are controllable, which is conducive to signal integrity in high-frequency scenarios. Because no additional sampling resistors are required, and the detection module can be flexibly arranged on the board to adapt to different circuit design and layout requirements.

[0048] In an exemplary embodiment, the conductor segment is formed by at least one conductive layer on the board.

[0049] In this embodiment, the conductor segment can be composed of a conductive layer on the board or a plurality of conductive layers. The conductive layer can be a copper layer or other conductive material layer on the board. Copper and other conductive materials have excellent electrical conductivity, which can ensure that the current is efficiently transmitted in the conductor segment and reduce energy loss. The conductor segment can also be regarded as a current transmission channel, and the spacing between the two sides of the channel is the width W. The channel can preferably be a parallel channel. Specifically, a rectangular conductor segment can be selected, and the width of the rectangular conductor segment is consistent along the path to ensure that the impedance parameters of the conductor segment are standardized.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, the conductor segment is a multi-layer structure composed of a plurality of interconnected conductive layers, and a plurality of interconnected vias are provided on both the power input terminal and the power output terminal.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the conductor segment is composed of multiple interconnected conductive layers, multiple interconnected vias are provided on the power input terminal and the power output terminal. The interconnected vias are vertical channels connecting different conductive layers, allowing current to flow between different layers. By reasonably designing the number and distribution of vias, it is possible to ensure that the current is evenly distributed between the layers, and to avoid overheating or damage caused by excessive current in a certain layer. It can be understood that the multi-layer structure can arrange more circuits in a limited space, improve the integration and density of the circuit, help reduce interference and crosstalk in signal transmission, and improve signal integrity.

[0052] The number of interconnect vias is usually determined by the current requirements of the circuit. For example, if the circuit needs to pass a current of 30A, the number of vias is usually designed to be 30 or more to ensure that the current can be evenly distributed. The number of interconnect vias can also be reduced appropriately, but it is necessary to ensure that it will not affect the balanced distribution of current and the performance of the circuit. The arrangement of vias can be dense or scattered, depending on the design requirements of the circuit and the process capabilities of the PCB board factory.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment and the power input terminal and the power output terminal are arranged on different layers of the board, and the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment is connected to the power input terminal and the power output terminal through a via; or, the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment and the power input terminal and the power output terminal are arranged on the same layer of the board.

[0054] In this embodiment, the power input terminal and the power output terminal can be specifically the power input copper foil and the power output copper foil on the board. In this embodiment, the layout design of the conductor segment and the power input terminal and the power output terminal has a certain flexibility, and there are mainly the following two situations:

[0055] The conductor segments and power terminals are arranged in layers, that is, the conductive layers constituting the conductor segments and the power input terminals and power output terminals are arranged on different layers of the board. In this case, the conductive layers constituting the conductor segments are connected to the power input terminals and power output terminals through vias. As a common connection method in PCB board design, vias can achieve electrical connections between different layers, ensuring that current can be smoothly transmitted from the power input terminal to the conductor segments, and then from the conductor segments to the power output terminals, and then connected to the corresponding loads. This layered layout method is conducive to optimizing the space utilization of the board, especially in high-density board design, which can effectively alleviate the wiring pressure on the same layer and provide more space for the layout of other components and lines.

[0056] The conductor segment and the power terminal are laid out on the same layer, and the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment is arranged on the same layer as the power input terminal and the power output terminal. At this time, the power input terminal and the power output terminal can specifically be the power input copper foil and the power output copper foil on the board. The copper foil of the conductor segment and the power input / output copper foil can be arranged on the same layer or on different layers. When the copper foil of the conductor segment is multi-layer, one layer can be arranged on the same layer as the power input / output copper foil. This same-layer layout method can simplify the manufacturing process of the board in some cases, reduce the number of vias used, and reduce potential reliability problems and manufacturing costs caused by vias. At the same time, the same-layer layout is also convenient for wiring optimization and debugging in the design stage, and can more intuitively observe and adjust the connection relationship between the conductor segment and the power terminal, ensuring the efficiency and stability of the current transmission path.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the conductor segment includes a first side and a second side of equal length, the measuring point includes a first measuring point arranged on the first side and a second measuring point arranged on the second side, the first side point is connected to a first detection line, the second measuring point is connected to a second detection line, the first detection line and the second detection line are connected to the control component 3 in the form of a differential pair; the first detection line and the second detection line are arranged on different layers on the board with the conductor segment.

[0058] In this embodiment, the conductor segment includes a first side and a second side of equal length. The measuring point includes a first measuring point (such as Figure 2 The bridgehead measuring point in the middle) and the second measuring point on the second side (such as Figure 2 The first measuring point is connected to the first detection line, and the second measuring point is connected to the second detection line. The first detection line and the second detection line are connected to the control component 3 in the form of a differential pair. The differential pair connection method has good anti-interference performance and can effectively improve the accuracy and stability of the detection signal. In high-speed signal transmission and precision measurement, the differential signal can offset the influence of external electromagnetic interference, while reducing crosstalk between signals, ensuring that the detected voltage drop signal truly reflects the current change in the conductor segment.

[0059] The first detection line and the second detection line are arranged on different layers of the board with the conductor segment, which can effectively utilize the vertical space of the board and avoid wiring conflicts between the conductor segment and the detection line on the same layer. Especially in high-density board design, this layered layout provides more flexibility for the arrangement of other components and lines, which helps to achieve complex circuit design and compact device layout. It can be understood that a large working current flows through the conductor segment, and the detection line transmits a weak signal for detection. The layered arrangement of the two can significantly reduce the mutual inductance effect of the current change in the conductor segment on the detection line signal, reduce noise interference, and thus improve the accuracy of current detection. In addition, the layered layout also helps to reduce mutual interference between the detection lines and ensure the transmission quality of the differential signal. In addition, during the manufacturing process, the layered layout is conducive to optimizing the manufacturing process of the PCB. The functional divisions of different layers are clear, which can improve production efficiency and yield. At the same time, reducing the direct contact between the detection line and the high-current conductor segment reduces the risk of electrical failures due to manufacturing defects or during use, and improves the overall reliability of the board.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of power supply branches 1 include a target power supply branch having a sub-circuit with a risk of failure;

[0061] Reference Figure 3 , the power supply circuit also includes:

[0062] At least one second protection component F is connected in series to the fault risk sub-circuit of the target power supply branch, and the second protection component F is configured to be disconnected when the power supply parameter of the fault risk sub-circuit where it is located reaches its corresponding second protection threshold.

[0063] In this embodiment, the power supply branch 1 with a fault risk sub-circuit is determined as the target power supply branch, and the second protection component F is connected in series on the target power supply branch. When the power supply parameter (such as current) of the fault risk sub-circuit reaches the second protection threshold corresponding to the second protection component F, the second protection component F will be disconnected to cut off the power supply of the sub-circuit. The protection threshold of the second protection component F is usually lower than the threshold of the first protection component 2 (efuse), so that smaller fault currents can be detected more sensitively.

[0064] It can be understood that the low protection threshold of the second protection component F enables it to detect smaller fault currents more sensitively, thereby triggering protection actions more quickly and reducing the impact of the fault on the circuit. By adding the second protection component F to the fault risk sub-circuit, only the faulty sub-circuit is cut off without affecting the normal operation of the entire circuit, thereby reducing the scope of the fault impact. The first protection component 2 (efuse) and the second protection component F (additional fuse or efsue) together constitute a multi-level protection mechanism, providing more comprehensive protection.

[0065] In specific applications, considering that the server needs to be powered by different power rails in sequence when it is turned on, the S0 sequence branch usually has a large load power consumption. By adding a second protection component F to the fault risk sub-path, the high-load branch can be effectively protected to avoid power failure of the entire branch due to a local fault.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, the fault risk sub-circuit includes a sub-circuit provided with a plug-in load and / or a sub-circuit provided with a capacitor greater than a preset number on the power supply branch circuit 1 .

[0067] Considering that plug-in or unplug-out loads (such as pluggable modules or devices) may cause instantaneous changes in current or voltage when plugged in or unplugged, thereby increasing the risk of failure. For example, plug-in or unplugging operations may cause short circuits, overcurrent or overvoltage, etc. Based on this, in this embodiment, the sub-circuit with plug-in loads on the power supply branch 1 is determined as a fault risk sub-circuit. Because when plugging or unplugging loads, a momentary short circuit or overcurrent may occur. By adding a second protection component F to these sub-circuits, the power supply of the sub-circuit can be quickly cut off when a fault occurs, avoiding the expansion of the fault to the entire power supply branch 1. Considering that the capacitor may have a greater impact on the circuit during the charging and discharging process. If the number of capacitors contained in a sub-circuit exceeds the preset value, it may cause a large current impact or voltage fluctuation when the circuit is started or the load changes, thereby increasing the risk of failure. Based on this, in this embodiment, the sub-circuit with a capacitor greater than the preset number on the power supply branch 1 is determined as a fault risk sub-circuit. Because a large number of capacitors may have a greater impact on the circuit during the charging and discharging process, resulting in instantaneous changes in current or voltage. By adding a second protection component F to these sub-circuits, abnormal conditions can be detected more sensitively and the power supply can be cut off in time to protect the circuit.

[0068] The protection threshold of the second protection component F is usually lower than the threshold of the first protection component 2, so as to more sensitively detect smaller fault currents. For example, for a sub-circuit with plug-in and unplug loads, a lower overcurrent protection threshold can be set; for a sub-circuit containing a large number of capacitors, a lower overvoltage protection threshold can be set.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, the second protection component F includes a fuse.

[0070] In this embodiment, the fuse is a simple and effective overcurrent protection device. When the current passing through the fuse exceeds its rated value, the fuse inside the fuse will quickly melt and cut off the circuit. This cutting process is physical. Once the current exceeds the threshold, the fuse will immediately act to ensure that the circuit is reliably cut off in the case of overcurrent. Compared with some electronic protection devices (such as efuse), the action of the fuse is mainly based on the physical fusing principle and will not be affected by electromagnetic interference or signal noise. Therefore, it is more reliable in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0071] Using a fuse as the second protection component F has the advantages of low cost, high reliability, good thermal stability, and strong fault isolation capability. It can effectively deal with overcurrent and short circuit problems in fault risk sub-circuits, reduce the damage of the fault to the entire system, and improve the reliability and safety of the power supply circuit. In practical applications, fuses can be used in combination with electronic protection devices (such as efuse) to form a multi-level protection mechanism to further enhance the protection capability of the system.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the first protection component 2 includes an electronic fuse, a first end of the electronic fuse is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, a second end of the electronic fuse is connected to the corresponding power supply node, a control end and a sampling end of the electronic fuse are both connected to the control component 3, a sampling resistor and a switch tube are integrated inside the electronic fuse, a first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the electronic fuse, a second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the switch tube, a second end of the switch tube is connected to the second end of the electronic fuse, a control end of the switch tube is connected to the control end of the electronic fuse, and the sampling end of the electronic fuse is configured to output a voltage signal across the sampling resistor; the power supply parameters of the power supply branch 1 include a voltage signal.

[0073] In this embodiment, a monolithic integrated electronic fuse can be selected, in which a sampling resistor and a switch tube are integrated, that is, the sampling resistor and the switch tube in this embodiment are of integrated design, and the sampling end of the electronic fuse outputs a voltage signal across the sampling resistor, which is used to monitor the current passing through the electronic fuse. When the current exceeds a preset value, the control component 3 triggers the switch tube to disconnect through the control end, thereby cutting off the current and protecting the circuit. This embodiment can reduce the use of precision resistors and controllers, and reduce the area occupied by devices on the board.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, referring to Figure 4 As shown, the number of power supply branches 1 is greater than two. Figure 4 The middle power supply nodes include a first power supply node G1, a second power supply node G2, a third power supply node G3, ... an nth power supply node Gn, Figure 4 Eight loads are shown, namely, a first load z1 and a second load z2 mounted on the first power node G1, a third load z3 and a fourth load z4 mounted on the second power node G2, a fifth load z5 and a sixth load z6 mounted on the third power node G3, and a seventh load z7 and an eighth load z8 mounted on the nth power node Gn.

[0075] In this embodiment, multiple power supply branches 1 can be divided according to different loads. The number of power supply branches 1 is greater than 2. An efuse protection device is independently placed on each power supply branch 1. The abnormal protection current threshold of each power supply branch 1 will be reduced, and independent protection of branch faults can be achieved. When a fault occurs in the circuit, each sub-branch can achieve more sensitive and rapid protection action due to its small protection threshold.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, at least two power supply branches 1 among the plurality of power supply branches 1 have different power-on timing sequences.

[0077] In this embodiment, since the server startup requires different power rail timings, for example, there are at least two different timings, S5 timing (second timing) and S0 (first timing), so the power supply circuit is divided into at least two power supply branches 1. Figure 4 As shown, the power supply nodes are mainly divided into two timings: S0 and S5. The first power supply node G1 is timing S5, and the remaining power supply nodes are timing S0. Generally, the S5 timing is controlled by hardware timing, and the timing S0 is a timing command sent by the control component 3. In each power supply branch 1, the current carrying capacity and abnormal current protection threshold of the electronic fuse are determined according to the load size mounted on its rear-end power supply node.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, the control component 3 is further configured to output a second signal to the first protection components 2 on the N power supply branches 1 in sequence based on the power-on timing of the N power supply branches 1; N is less than or equal to the total number of power supply branches 1;

[0079] The first protection component 2 is further configured to be turned on in response to the second signal.

[0080] In this embodiment, the power-on timing of each power supply branch 1 is different. The second signal is output to the first protection component 2 on the N power supply branches 1 in sequence according to the different power-on timings to control each power supply branch 1 to power on in sequence, thereby improving power-on safety.

[0081] In an exemplary embodiment, the power-on timing sequence includes a first timing sequence and a second timing sequence, and the load power consumption corresponding to the first timing sequence is greater than the load power consumption corresponding to the second timing sequence;

[0082] The number of the first protection components 2 on the power supply branch 1 corresponding to the first timing sequence is greater than the number of the first protection components 2 on the power supply branch 1 corresponding to the second timing sequence.

[0083] It can be understood that the load power consumption of the general timing S5 is small, and it is usually used to power low-power devices or modules. Due to the small load power consumption, usually only one first protection component 2 is needed to meet the power supply demand. A single switch component can simplify the circuit design and reduce costs. Using at least one first protection component 2, the load power consumption of the timing S0 is large, and it is usually used to power high-power devices or modules. Due to the large load power consumption, more switch components are required to meet the power supply demand. For example, multiple first protection components 2 may need to be used in parallel or in series to provide sufficient current capacity and redundant protection. Multiple switch components can disperse the current, reduce the burden on a single component, and improve the reliability and safety of the system.

[0084] By configuring different numbers of switch components according to load power consumption in different power-on sequences (first sequence and second sequence), the power supply circuit can better adapt to different load requirements, improve system reliability, and optimize costs.

[0085] In an exemplary embodiment, the power supply circuit further includes:

[0086] A first filtering energy storage component, wherein the first end is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, and the second end is connected to the first protection component 2 on the corresponding power supply branch 1, and the filtering energy storage component is configured to filter and store energy for the output voltage of the power supply; the first filtering energy storage component comprises a plurality of electrolytic capacitors connected in parallel;

[0087] The second filtering energy storage component has a first end connected to the first protection component 2 and a second end connected to a corresponding load.

[0088] In this embodiment, in order to achieve power supply stability, an electrolytic capacitor filtering energy storage component can be added before or after the first protection component 2, including multiple electrolytic capacitors in parallel / series. It can be understood that the electrolytic capacitor in the first filtering energy storage component can filter the output voltage of the power supply and reduce the ripple and noise in the voltage. The equivalent series resistance of the electrolytic capacitor is relatively low, and high-frequency noise can be effectively filtered out. The electrolytic capacitor has a large capacitance value and can store electric energy in a short time. When the output voltage of the power supply fluctuates briefly, the electrolytic capacitor can release the stored electric energy to maintain the voltage stability of the power supply branch 1. The second filtering energy storage component is based on the first filtering energy storage component. The second filtering energy storage component can further filter the voltage ripple and noise in the power supply branch 1, ensure that the voltage at the load end is more stable, and provide local energy storage for the load. When transient current changes occur at the load end, the second filtering energy storage component can respond quickly to provide the required electric energy to avoid voltage drops.

[0089] The first filter energy storage component and the second filter energy storage component work together to effectively reduce the ripple and noise in the output voltage of the power supply and improve the voltage stability. When the output voltage of the power supply fluctuates briefly, the filter energy storage component can release the stored electric energy to maintain the voltage stability of the power supply branch 1, thereby improving the anti-interference ability of the system.

[0090] Second, please refer to Figure 5 The present invention also provides a power supply circuit monitoring method, which is applied to the power supply circuit as described above, wherein the power supply circuit includes a plurality of power supply branches, and the power supply circuit monitoring method includes:

[0091] S101: Acquire power supply parameters of a power supply branch detected by at least one first protection component connected in series to the power supply branch;

[0092] S102: When the power supply parameter detected by the first protection component reaches a first protection threshold corresponding to the first protection component, the first protection component whose power supply parameter reaches the first protection threshold is controlled to be disconnected.

[0093] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a server, comprising at least one power supply and a power supply circuit as described above, connected to the power supply.

[0094] A power supply circuit, comprising:

[0095] A plurality of power supply branches, wherein a first end of the power supply branch is connected to a power supply output end of a power supply source, and a second end of the power supply branch is connected to a corresponding power supply node;

[0096] At least one first protection component, the first protection component is connected in series on the power supply branch, the first protection component is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply branch where the first protection component is located, and disconnect in response to a first signal; the number of first protection components on the power supply branch and the first protection threshold are determined based on the power supply demand of the load mounted on the power supply node connected to the power supply branch;

[0097] The control component is connected to at least one first protection component on at least one power supply branch, and the control component is configured to output a first signal when a power supply parameter detected by the first protection component reaches a first protection threshold corresponding to the first protection component.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of first protection components are provided on the power supply branch, and the plurality of first protection components are connected in parallel.

[0099] In an exemplary embodiment, the multiple first protection components in parallel include at least one redundant protection component, the first protection threshold of the redundant protection component is greater than the first protection threshold of the main protection component, and the main protection component is the first protection component among the multiple first protection components in parallel except the redundant protection component.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, the first protection component includes:

[0101] A detection module is arranged on the power supply branch, the first end of which is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, the sampling output end of which is connected to the control component, and the detection module is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply branch where the detection module is located;

[0102] A switch module is arranged on the power supply branch, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the detection module, the second end of which is connected to the corresponding power supply node, the control end of which is connected to the control component, and the switch module is configured to disconnect in response to a first signal.

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, the detection module includes at least one sampling resistor, a first end of the at least one sampling resistor is connected to a power supply output end of a power supply, and a second end of the at least one sampling resistor is connected to a control component.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, the detection module includes a conductor segment on a board that connects a power input terminal and a power output terminal, and measuring points arranged at both ends of the conductor segment, the measuring points are connected to a control component, the power input terminal is connected to an output end of a power supply, and the power output terminal is connected to a corresponding load, and both the load and the control component are arranged on the board.

[0105] In an exemplary embodiment, the switch module includes a switch tube, a first end of the switch tube is connected to a second end of the detection module, a second end of the switch tube is connected to a corresponding power supply node, a control end of the switch tube is connected to a control component, and the switch tube is configured to disconnect in response to a first signal.

[0106] In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of power supply branches include a target power supply branch having a sub-circuit with a risk of failure;

[0107] The power supply circuit also includes:

[0108] At least one second protection component is connected in series to the fault risk sub-circuit of the target power supply branch, and the second protection component is configured to be disconnected when the power supply parameter of the fault risk sub-circuit where the second protection component is located reaches the second protection threshold corresponding to the second protection component.

[0109] In an exemplary embodiment, the fault risk sub-circuit includes a sub-circuit provided with a plug-in load and / or a sub-circuit provided with a capacitor greater than a preset number on the power supply branch.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment, the second protection component includes a fuse.

[0111] In an exemplary embodiment, the first protection component includes an electronic fuse, a first end of the electronic fuse is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, a second end of the electronic fuse is connected to the corresponding power supply node, a control end and a sampling end of the electronic fuse are both connected to the control component, a sampling resistor and a switch tube are integrated inside the electronic fuse, a first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the electronic fuse, a second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the switch tube, a second end of the switch tube is connected to the second end of the electronic fuse, a control end of the switch tube is connected to the control end of the electronic fuse, and the sampling end of the electronic fuse is configured to output a voltage signal across the sampling resistor; the power supply parameters of the power supply branch include a voltage signal.

[0112] In an exemplary embodiment, the number of power supply branches is greater than two.

[0113] In an exemplary embodiment, at least two of the multiple power supply branches have different power-on timing sequences.

[0114] In an exemplary embodiment, the control component is further configured to output a second signal to the first protection components on the N power supply branches in sequence based on the power-on timing of the N power supply branches; N is less than or equal to the total number of power supply branches;

[0115] The first protection component is further configured to be turned on in response to the second signal.

[0116] In an exemplary embodiment, the power-on timing sequence includes a first timing sequence and a second timing sequence, and the load power consumption corresponding to the first timing sequence is greater than the load power consumption corresponding to the second timing sequence;

[0117] The number of first protection components on the power supply branch corresponding to the first timing sequence is greater than the number of first protection components on the power supply branch corresponding to the second timing sequence.

[0118] In an exemplary embodiment, the power supply circuit further includes:

[0119] The first filtering energy storage component has a first end connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, and a second end connected to the first protection component on the corresponding power supply branch. The filtering energy storage component is configured to filter and store energy on the output voltage of the power supply.

[0120] In an exemplary embodiment, the first filtering energy storage component includes a plurality of electrolytic capacitors connected in parallel.

[0121] In an exemplary embodiment, the power supply circuit further includes:

[0122] The second filtering energy storage component has a first end connected to the first protection component and a second end connected to a corresponding load.

[0123] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in the above description according to function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0124] The above is a detailed introduction to a power supply circuit and a monitoring method and a server provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that: include: A plurality of power supply branches, wherein a first end of each power supply branch is connected to a power supply output end of a power supply source, and a second end of each power supply branch is connected to a corresponding power supply node; At least one first protection component, the first protection component is connected in series on the power supply branch, the first protection component is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply branch where the first protection component is located, and disconnect in response to a first signal; the number of first protection components on the power supply branch and the first protection threshold are determined based on the power supply demand of the load mounted on the power supply node connected to the power supply branch; A control component is connected to at least one of the first protection components on at least one of the power supply branches, and the control component is configured to output the first signal when the power supply parameter detected by the first protection component reaches a first protection threshold corresponding to the first protection component.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply branch is provided with a plurality of the first protection components, and the plurality of the first protection components are connected in parallel.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple first protection components in parallel include at least one redundant protection component, the first protection threshold of the redundant protection component is greater than the first protection threshold of the main protection component, and the main protection component is the first protection component among the multiple first protection components in parallel except the redundant protection component.

4. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protection component comprises: A detection module provided on the power supply branch, wherein the first end is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, and the sampling output end is connected to the control component, and the detection module is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply branch where the detection module is located; A switch module disposed on the power supply branch has a first end connected to the second end of the detection module, a second end connected to a corresponding power supply node, and a control end connected to the control component. The switch module is configured to disconnect in response to a first signal.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection module includes at least one sampling resistor, a first end of the at least one sampling resistor is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, and a second end of the at least one sampling resistor is connected to the control component.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection module includes a conductor segment connected to a power input terminal and a power output terminal on a board, and measuring points arranged at both ends of the conductor segment, the measuring points are connected to the control component, the power input terminal is connected to the output end of the power supply, and the power output terminal is connected to a corresponding load, and the load and the control component are both arranged on the board.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switch module includes a switch tube, a first end of the switch tube is connected to the second end of the detection module, a second end of the switch tube is connected to a corresponding power supply node, a control end of the switch tube is connected to the control component, and the switch tube is configured to disconnect in response to a first signal.

8. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of power supply branches include a target power supply branch having a sub-circuit with a risk of failure; The power supply circuit further includes: At least one second protection component, the second protection component is connected in series on the fault risk sub-circuit of the target power supply branch, and the second protection component is configured to disconnect when the power supply parameter of the fault risk sub-circuit where the second protection component is located reaches the second protection threshold corresponding to the second protection component.

9. The power supply circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fault risk sub-circuit includes a sub-circuit provided with a plug-in load and / or a sub-circuit provided with a capacitor greater than a preset number on the power supply branch.

10. The power supply circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second protection component includes a fuse.

11. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protection component includes an electronic fuse, a first end of the electronic fuse is connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, a second end of the electronic fuse is connected to the corresponding power supply node, a control end and a sampling end of the electronic fuse are both connected to the control component, a sampling resistor and a switch tube are integrated inside the electronic fuse, a first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the electronic fuse, a second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the switch tube, a second end of the switch tube is connected to the second end of the electronic fuse, a control end of the switch tube is connected to the control end of the electronic fuse, and the sampling end of the electronic fuse is configured to output a voltage signal across the sampling resistor; and a power supply parameter of the power supply branch includes the voltage signal.

12. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the power supply branches is greater than 2.

13. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the multiple power supply branches have different power-on timings.

14. The power supply circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that: The control component is further configured to output a second signal to the first protection components on the N power supply branches in sequence based on the power-on timing of the N power supply branches; N is less than or equal to the total number of the power supply branches; The first protection component is further configured to be turned on in response to the second signal.

15. The power supply circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that: The power-on timing sequence includes a first timing sequence and a second timing sequence, and the load power consumption corresponding to the first timing sequence is greater than the load power consumption corresponding to the second timing sequence; The number of first protection components on the power supply branch corresponding to the first timing is greater than the number of first protection components on the power supply branch corresponding to the second timing.

16. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit also includes: A first filtering and energy storage component has a first end connected to the power supply output end of the power supply, and a second end connected to a first protection component on the corresponding power supply branch, wherein the first filtering and energy storage component is configured to filter and store energy on the output voltage of the power supply.

17. The power supply circuit according to claim 16, characterized in that: The first filtering energy storage component includes a plurality of electrolytic capacitors connected in parallel.

18. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit also includes: A second filtering and energy storage component has a first end connected to the first protection component and a second end connected to a corresponding load.

19. A power supply circuit monitoring method, characterized in that: Applied to the power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 18, the power supply circuit includes multiple power supply branches, and the power supply circuit monitoring method includes: Acquire a power supply parameter of a power supply branch detected by at least one first protection component connected in series to the power supply branch; When the power supply parameter detected by the first protection component reaches a first protection threshold corresponding to the first protection component, the first protection component whose power supply parameter reaches the first protection threshold is controlled to be disconnected.

20. A server, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one power supply and a power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 18 connected to the power supply.

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