Apparatus and Method for Preparing Kaolin from Coal Gangue

Abstract

This invention discloses an apparatus and method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue, relating to the technical field of coal gangue crushing equipment. It includes an operating platform with a crushing chamber mounted on its upper surface, a hopper mounted on the crushing chamber, and a separation hopper fixedly connected to the side near the crushing chamber. It also includes an anti-splashing mechanism and an adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism. The anti-splashing mechanism automatically closes during coal gangue crushing, effectively preventing splashing and reducing the risk of injury to surrounding personnel. This ensures the safety and reliability of the operation, reduces coal gangue waste, and maintains a clean and efficient production environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal gangue crushing equipment technology, specifically to an apparatus and method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue, a solid waste generated during coal production and processing, has long been considered a source of environmental pollution. However, through technological innovation, we can transform coal gangue into kaolin, which not only enables resource reuse but also promotes the development of a circular economy. This process reduces the environmental pollution caused by coal gangue and brings considerable economic benefits to the country.

[0003] However, during the processing and crushing of existing coal gangue, the crushing equipment generates a lot of noise and accelerates the damage and aging of the equipment. More seriously, some fragments may even fly into the external environment along the feed inlet. Since the coal gangue generates high temperatures during the crushing process, these flying fragments may cause severe burns if they come into contact with the operator's body. Moreover, due to the high-speed impact of the fragments, they may pose a direct threat to the operator's life.

[0004] Furthermore, existing coal gangue crushing equipment can only perform single crushing operations and cannot simultaneously perform secondary grinding of the coal gangue. To complete the entire processing flow, we need to use two or more independent machines, one for crushing and another (or more) for grinding. This approach not only significantly increases the purchase and maintenance costs of the equipment but also raises energy consumption throughout the entire processing. Therefore, the market urgently needs equipment that can simultaneously complete crushing and secondary grinding to reduce production costs and improve processing efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, an apparatus and method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue were proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose an apparatus and method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue, so as to solve the problems of easy splashing during the crushing process of coal gangue and the limited variety of coal gangue crushing equipment in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue, the specific steps of which include:

[0008] Step 1, Iron Removal from Raw Ore: This step removes iron impurities from coal gangue. Specific methods include physical or chemical methods such as magnetic separation and flotation to improve the whiteness and purity of the final product, kaolin.

[0009] Step 2, crushing and grinding: Coal gangue needs to be crushed and ground to achieve a particle size greater than 75μm with a mass fraction of less than 10%. Different crushing methods such as extrusion, impact, grinding and peeling, and splitting are used in this process to adapt to different types of crushing equipment. The smaller the particle size of the crushed coal gangue, the easier it is to decarbonize, that is, easier to burn through.

[0010] Step 3, ultrafine grinding: The coal gangue that has been initially crushed in step 2 needs to enter the ultrafine grinding stage to further reduce the particle size and improve the fineness and uniformity of the product. This step usually requires the use of professional ultrafine grinding equipment, such as vertical wet ball mills or air jet mills.

[0011] Step 4, Drying and Calcination: The coal gangue slurry ground in Step 3 needs to be dried to remove moisture and facilitate subsequent calcination. The selection of drying equipment should be determined according to the properties of the slurry and the drying requirements. During the calcination process, the coal gangue crystals are heated at high temperature, undergo physical changes, and rearrange their structure to form kaolin.

[0012] Crushing and pulverizing specifically include:

[0013] First, preliminary crushing: Coal gangue is fed into the hopper and falls into the crushing and noise reduction adjustable mechanism through the circular discharge port at the bottom of the hopper. The crushing shaft rotates to drive the hammer to crush the coal gangue. With its strong crushing force and stable performance, the hammer can effectively crush the coal gangue into smaller pieces.

[0014] Second, fine crushing: After being crushed, the coal gangue is crushed again by being crushed by the grinding groove in the middle of the rotating hammer and the grinding shaft.

[0015] Third, separation: The finely crushed coal gangue will be screened by the rotating screening cylinder. The finely crushed and unevenly distributed coal gangue will be guided into the guide plate by the rotating bidirectional arc guide shaft, and then flow back into the separation hopper for the next processing.

[0016] The apparatus for preparing kaolin from coal gangue includes an operating platform, a crushing chamber installed on the upper surface of the operating platform, a hopper installed in the crushing chamber, a separation hopper fixedly connected to the side near the crushing chamber, and also includes an anti-jump mechanism and an adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism.

[0017] Anti-bounce mechanism;

[0018] The anti-splashing mechanism is installed in the hopper and is used to prevent the coal gangue from splashing away during crushing.

[0019] Adjustable noise reduction mechanism for breakage;

[0020] The adjustable crushing and noise reduction mechanism is installed in the crushing chamber and is used for crushing and rolling coal gangue.

[0021] Uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism;

[0022] The uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism is located in the crushing chamber below the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism. The uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism is used for the separation of coal gangue after crushing.

[0023] Preferably, the anti-jump mechanism includes an arc-shaped baffle, with a fixing ring passing through the middle of the upper part of the arc-shaped baffle. The bottom of the hopper has a circular discharge port, and fixing blocks are uniformly fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular discharge port. The fixing ring is fixedly connected to the fixing blocks. Torsion springs are uniformly sleeved on the outer surface of the fixing ring. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped baffle, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the fixing blocks.

[0024] Preferably, the adjustable crushing and noise reduction mechanism includes a crushing shaft with both ends rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. A rotating hammer is rotatably connected to the crushing shaft. A grinding shaft is provided below the crushing shaft with both ends rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. A grinding groove is evenly opened in the middle of the grinding shaft. The end of the rotating hammer away from the crushing shaft slides in the grinding groove opened on the grinding shaft for secondary grinding of coal gangue.

[0025] Preferably, the adjustable noise reduction mechanism for crushing further includes an arc-shaped vibration damping plate, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft. Rotating blocks are rotatably connected to both sides of one end of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate, and rotating blocks are rotatably connected to both sides of the other end of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate on the inner wall of the crushing chamber. An arc-shaped rotating plate is uniformly rotatably connected to the side of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate near the grinding shaft, and a sliding rod is rotatably connected to the lower end of the side of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate near the grinding shaft.

[0026] Preferably, the end of the rotating block away from the arc-shaped damping plate is threadedly connected to a threaded adjusting rod, and a return spring is sleeved on the threaded adjusting rod near the middle of the crushing chamber. One end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the rotating block, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber.

[0027] Preferably, the uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism includes a screening cylinder, the two ends of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. Bidirectional arc-shaped guide shafts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer surface of the screening cylinder, the two ends of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. A gear ring is fixedly connected to the middle of one end of the screening cylinder.

[0028] Preferably, the screening cylinder is uniformly connected to rotating teeth near the middle of the gear ring, and the rotating teeth are all engaged with the tooth surface of the gear ring. The tooth surface of the rotating teeth away from the gear ring is engaged with a transmission gear, and the transmission gear is rotatably connected to the screening cylinder.

[0029] Preferably, a cleaning rotating plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the transmission gear. The end of the cleaning rotating plate away from the transmission gear passes through the middle of the screening cylinder and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. Guide plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the crushing chamber.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the apparatus and method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The anti-splashing mechanism in this invention can automatically close during coal gangue crushing, effectively curbing the possible splashing of coal gangue during the crushing process. This not only effectively prevents coal gangue from splashing off the ground during crushing, but also reduces the potential risk of injury to surrounding personnel during coal gangue crushing, ensuring the safety and reliability of the operation process. At the same time, it also reduces the waste of coal gangue and ensures a clean and efficient production environment.

[0032] 2. With the adjustable crushing and noise reduction mechanism, not only can coal gangue be crushed, but it can also be ground simultaneously. Compared with traditional single crushing equipment, this not only reduces its cost, but also enables multiple uses in one machine. Furthermore, this invention can achieve precise control of the crushed coal gangue particle size. The coal gangue particles after secondary grinding are more uniform in size, reducing the proportion of over-crushed and uncrushed particles, thereby improving product quality.

[0033] Furthermore, in this invention, arc-shaped vibration damping plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft. When the coal gangue is being crushed, the initial blocking effect of the arc-shaped vibration damping plates can reduce the noise generated by the crushing of the coal gangue. It can also reduce the damage and aging of the equipment caused by the long-term impact of the crushed coal gangue on the inner wall of the crushing chamber. Moreover, the threaded adjustment rod is threaded on the rotating block, and the gap between the arc-shaped vibration damping plate and the surface of the grinding shaft can be adjusted by rotating the threaded adjustment rod. This gap adjustment can adjust the grinding of coal gangue particles, thereby further improving the adaptability and flexibility of the equipment, whether it is processing coal gangue of different particle sizes or meeting the customized needs of different customers.

[0034] 3. With the uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism, this solution can quickly screen and filter crushed and ground coal gangue by setting up a screening cylinder and a bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft. At the same time, the unfiltered coal gangue on the surface of the screening cylinder can be cleaned in time. With this solution, even for materials with high moisture content, the adhesion of coal gangue can be reduced in time by the scraping rotation of the bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft of this invention, thus reducing equipment blockage.

[0035] Compared to traditional filtration and screening, this invention incorporates a gear ring and a cleaning rotating plate in the middle of the screening cylinder. The meshing of the gears causes the cleaning rotating plate to rotate in the opposite direction to the screening cylinder. This allows the coal gangue filtered through the screening cylinder to be quickly screened by the oscillating cleaning rotating plate, thus preventing further clogging of the filter holes on the screening cylinder surface. It also enables secondary filtration of the ground coal gangue, increasing the uniformity of the final output and preventing clogging of the screening cylinder when coal gangue is crushed at different moisture levels, thereby expanding the equipment's application range. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the three-dimensional crushing chamber portion of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is an auxiliary schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical half-section of the middle part of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection relationship of the uniform sieving and anti-clogging mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view at point C;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the structural connection relationship between the adjustable crushing and noise reduction mechanism and the uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism of the present invention.

[0044] In the picture:

[0045] 1. Control panel; 11. Hopper; 12. Crushing chamber; 13. Separation hopper;

[0046] 2. Anti-jump mechanism; 21. Arc-shaped baffle; 22. Fixing ring; 23. Fixing block; 24. Torsion spring;

[0047] 3. Adjustable crushing and noise reduction mechanism; 31. Crushing shaft; 32. Rotating hammer; 33. Grinding shaft; 34. Arc-shaped vibration damping plate; 35. Arc-shaped rotating plate; 36. Rotating block; 37. Return spring; 38. Threaded adjusting rod; 39. Slide rod;

[0048] 4. Uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism; 41. Screening cylinder; 42. Bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft; 43. Gear ring; 44. Rotary gear; 45. Transmission gear; 46. Cleaning rotating plate; 47. Guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0051] First Embodiment

[0052] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 As shown:

[0053] To address the problems mentioned in the technical solutions, this application provides a method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue, the specific steps of which include:

[0054] Step 1, Iron Removal from Raw Ore: This step removes iron impurities from coal gangue. Specific methods include physical or chemical methods such as magnetic separation and flotation to improve the whiteness and purity of the final product, kaolin.

[0055] Step 2, crushing and grinding: Coal gangue needs to be crushed and ground to achieve a particle size greater than 75μm with a mass fraction of less than 10%. Different crushing methods such as extrusion, impact, grinding and peeling, and splitting are used in this process to adapt to different types of crushing equipment. The smaller the particle size of the crushed coal gangue, the easier it is to decarbonize, that is, easier to burn through.

[0056] Step 3, ultrafine grinding: The coal gangue that has been initially crushed in step 2 needs to enter the ultrafine grinding stage to further reduce the particle size and improve the fineness and uniformity of the product. This step usually requires the use of professional ultrafine grinding equipment, such as vertical wet ball mills or air jet mills.

[0057] Step 4, Drying and Calcination: The coal gangue slurry ground in Step 3 needs to be dried to remove moisture and facilitate subsequent calcination. The selection of drying equipment should be determined according to the properties of the slurry and the drying requirements. During the calcination process, the coal gangue crystals are heated at high temperature, undergo physical changes, and rearrange their structure to form kaolin.

[0058] Furthermore, crushing and pulverizing specifically include:

[0059] First, preliminary crushing: Coal gangue is fed into hopper 11 and falls into crushing and noise reduction adjustable mechanism 3 through the circular discharge port at the bottom of hopper 11. The crushing shaft 31 rotates to drive the rotating hammer 32 to hammer and crush the coal gangue. With its strong crushing force and stable performance, the rotating hammer 32 can effectively crush the coal gangue into smaller pieces.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the operator first starts the motor on the surface of the control panel 1 through the controller. At this time, the motor rotates and is transmitted through the transmission system, causing the crushing shaft 31 and the grinding shaft 33 inside the crushing chamber 12 to rotate simultaneously. The rotation direction is controlled by the reverse transmission device on both sides of the crushing shaft 31 so that the crushing shaft 31 and the grinding shaft 33 rotate in opposite directions.

[0061] Next, the operator begins to put the coal gangue blocks to be crushed into hopper 11. At this time, if... Figure 4 As shown, under the gravity of the coal gangue, the crushing shaft 31 will rotate on the surface of the fixed ring 22. At this time, the arc baffle 21 will start to open and close below the circular discharge port at the bottom of the hopper 11, and the torsion spring 24 will start to twist and deform. When the coal gangue in the hopper 11 has completely entered the crushing chamber 12, the arc baffle 21 will no longer be squeezed by the gravity of the coal gangue. At this time, under the elastic action of the torsion spring 24, since the arc baffle 21 is fixedly connected to the torsion spring 24, the torsion spring 24 will cause the arc baffle 21 to close again at the circular discharge port at the bottom of the hopper 11. This can prevent the coal gangue in the crushing chamber 12 from splashing during the rapid crushing process and protect the safety of the operators.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the coal gangue entering the crushing chamber 12 at this time is hammered by the rotating hammer 32 connected to the middle of the crushing shaft 31 under the rotation of the crushing shaft 31, and the coal gangue above the crushing shaft 31 begins to be crushed rapidly.

[0063] Second, fine crushing: After being crushed, the coal gangue is further crushed by the mutual crushing grooves in the middle of the rotating hammer 32 and the grinding shaft 33. At this time, the crushed coal gangue is further ground and refined by the mutual squeezing between the end of the rotating hammer 32 and the evenly spaced crushing grooves on the grinding shaft 33. Figure 5As shown, by setting rotatably connected arc-shaped vibration damping plates 34 on both sides of the grinding shaft 33, the splashes generated by the grinding shaft 33 and crushing shaft 31 during the crushing and grinding of coal gangue can be buffered, reducing the splashes of coal gangue against the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12. This not only reduces the noise generated by the equipment during the crushing of coal gangue to a certain extent, but also protects the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12 from long-term crushing wear, reducing equipment damage and aging. Moreover, by rotating the threaded adjusting rod 38 threaded on the rotating block 36, the gap between the arc-shaped vibration damping plate 34 and the surface of the grinding shaft 33 can be adjusted. This gap adjustment can adjust the grinding of coal gangue particles, thereby further improving the adaptability and flexibility of the equipment. Whether processing coal gangue of different particle sizes or meeting the customized needs of different customers, the present invention can easily cope with the situation, demonstrating excellent performance and quality.

[0064] Third, separation: The finely crushed coal gangue will be screened by the rotating screening cylinder 41. The finely crushed and unevenly ground coal gangue will be guided to the guide plate 47 by the rotating bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft 42, and then flow back into the separation hopper 13 for further processing. The coal gangue that has been finely ground in step two will fall quickly onto the surface of the screening cylinder 41 for filtration, while the unfiltered coal gangue will flow to the two guide plates 47 by the rotating bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft 42, and then flow into the separation hopper 13 for unified collection.

[0065] Further as Figure 7 As shown, when coal gangue is filtered on the screening cylinder 41, it quickly flows into the middle of the screening cylinder 41. At this time, the transmission system drives the screening cylinder 41. The rotation of the screening cylinder 41 drives the gear ring 43 to start driving the rotating gear 44 to rotate in the same direction. The meshing of the rotating gear 44 drives the transmission gear 45 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the transmission gear 45 drives the cleaning plate 46 to clean the inner surface of the screening cylinder 41. With the setting of the screening cylinder 41 in this solution, the ground coal gangue can be filtered twice, which not only increases the uniformity of the final output of coal gangue, but also prevents the screening cylinder 41 from clogging when the coal gangue is crushed with different moisture content, thus increasing the scope of equipment use.

[0066] Second Embodiment

[0067] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 As shown:

[0068] The apparatus for preparing kaolin from coal gangue includes an operating platform 1, a crushing chamber 12 installed on the upper surface of the operating platform 1, a hopper 11 installed in the crushing chamber 12, a separation hopper 13 fixedly connected to the side near the crushing chamber 12, and also includes an anti-jump mechanism 2 and a crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism 3.

[0069] Anti-bounce mechanism 2;

[0070] The anti-collision mechanism 2 is installed in the hopper 11. The anti-collision mechanism 2 is used to prevent coal gangue from collapsing during crushing.

[0071] 3. Adjustable noise reduction mechanism for breakage;

[0072] The adjustable crushing and noise reduction mechanism 3 is installed in the crushing chamber 12. The adjustable crushing and noise reduction mechanism 3 is used for crushing and rolling coal gangue.

[0073] Uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism 4;

[0074] The uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism 4 is located in the crushing chamber 12 near the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism 3. The uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism 4 is used for the separation of coal gangue after crushing.

[0075] The operating platform 1 is equipped with a transmission system, which is located on the upper surface of the operating platform 1. The transmission system consists of a motor, a drive shaft, and a belt. The motor is installed on the crushing chamber 12, and the motor drive shaft is connected to the drive shaft via a belt. Both ends of the drive shaft are rotatably connected to the crushing chamber 12, and both ends of the drive shaft are connected to the grinding shaft 33 via belts. The crushing shaft 31, the grinding shaft 33, and the two-way arc-shaped guide shaft 42 are all interconnected via belts. At the same time, the crushing shaft 31 is equipped with a reverse transmission device at both ends. When the grinding shaft 33 rotates, the reverse transmission devices on both sides of the crushing shaft 31 are driven by the belt to make the crushing shaft 31 and the grinding shaft 33 rotate in opposite directions.

[0076] This solution incorporates an anti-splashing mechanism 2 at the bottom of the hopper 11, which automatically closes during coal gangue crushing, effectively preventing splashing and improving safety. This not only enhances the safety of the crushing operation but also reduces waste, ensuring a clean and efficient production environment. Furthermore, the adjustable noise reduction mechanism 3 allows for precise control of the coal gangue particle size. The secondary grinding process results in more uniform particle size, reducing the proportion of over-crushed and uncrushed particles and improving product quality. The uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism 4, along with the screen hole design on the screening cylinder 41, effectively separates coal gangue of different sizes, resulting in more uniform product particle size. The bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft 42 precisely guides unfiltered coal gangue into the separation hopper 13, preventing material waste and mixing, and further improving screening efficiency.

[0077] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, a fixing ring 22 passes through the middle of the upper end of the arc-shaped baffle 21. A circular discharge port is opened at the bottom of the hopper 11, and a fixing block 23 is evenly fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular discharge port. The fixing ring 22 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 23. Torsion springs 24 are evenly sleeved on the outer surface of the fixing ring 22. One end of the torsion spring 24 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped baffle 21, and the other end of the torsion spring 24 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 23.

[0078] In this solution, arc-shaped baffles 21 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the hopper 11. The arc-shaped baffles 21 can be automatically closed at the bottom of the hopper 11 by the torsion of the torsion spring 24. When the coal gangue in the hopper 11 is crushed in the crushing chamber 12, the arc-shaped baffles 21 are automatically closed under the elastic action of the torsion spring 24, forming a closed space at the bottom of the hopper 11. This not only effectively prevents the coal gangue from jumping off the ground during the crushing process, but also reduces the potential risk of injury to surrounding personnel when the coal gangue is crushed, ensuring the safety and reliability of the operation process.

[0079] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the two ends of the crushing shaft 31 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12. Rotary hammers 32 are evenly rotatably connected to the crushing shaft 31. A grinding shaft 33 is set below the crushing shaft 31. The two ends of the grinding shaft 33 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12. A rolling groove is evenly opened in the middle of the grinding shaft 33. The end of the rotating hammer 32 away from the crushing shaft 31 slides in the rolling groove opened in the grinding shaft 33 for secondary grinding of coal gangue.

[0080] The grinding shaft 33 can also be configured as a circular disc shaft with adjustable spacing. By adjusting the disc spacing in the grinding shaft 33, a certain gap can be formed between the hammer edge of the rotating hammer 32 and the disc shaft of the grinding shaft 33. This gap can control the size of the secondary grinding of the crushed coal gangue, increase the adjustability of the equipment, and expand the application range of the equipment for crushing.

[0081] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the arc-shaped vibration damping plate 34 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft 33. Rotating blocks 36 are rotatably connected to both sides of one end of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate 34, and rotating blocks 36 are rotatably connected to both sides of the other end of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate 34. Arc-shaped rotating plates 35 are uniformly rotatably connected to the side of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate 34 near the grinding shaft 33, and sliding rods 39 are rotatably connected to the lower end of the side of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate 34 near the grinding shaft 33.

[0082] By setting a set of rotating hammers 32 on the crushing chamber 12 to initially crush the coal gangue, and setting a set of rotating grinding shafts 33 below the hammers 32, the coal gangue is subjected to secondary grinding by the mutual crushing of the edge of the hammers 32 and the grinding groove of the grinding shaft 33 when the hammers 32 rotate. Compared with the prior art, this technology can complete the crushing task of coal gangue more quickly, thereby saving time and cost. The grinding speed of coal gangue can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the crushing shaft 31 and the grinding shaft 33.

[0083] Furthermore, the arc-shaped vibration damping plates 34 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft 33. When the coal gangue is being crushed, the initial main stop of the arc-shaped vibration damping plates 34 can reduce the noise generated by the crushing of the coal gangue. At the same time, the arc-shaped rotating plate 35 is evenly rotated on the arc-shaped vibration damping plates 34, which can initially alleviate the impact vibration generated by the crushing of the coal gangue. The rotating block 36 is threadedly connected to a threaded adjusting rod 38 at one end away from the arc-shaped vibration damping plate 34. A return spring 37 is sleeved on the threaded adjusting rod 38 near the middle of the crushing chamber 12. One end of the return spring 37 is fixedly connected to the rotating block 36, and the other end of the return spring 37 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12.

[0084] Furthermore, by rotating the threaded adjusting rod 38 on the rotating block 36, the gap between the arc-shaped damping plate 34 and the grinding shaft 33 can be adjusted. This gap adjustment allows for the adjustment of the grinding of coal gangue particles, thereby further enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the equipment. Whether processing coal gangue of different particle sizes or meeting the customized needs of different customers, the present invention can easily handle the situation, demonstrating excellent performance and quality.

[0085] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the two ends of the screening cylinder 41 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12. The two sides of the outer surface of the screening cylinder 41 are symmetrically provided with bidirectional arc-shaped guide shafts 42. The two ends of the bidirectional arc-shaped guide shafts 42 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12. A gear ring 43 is fixedly connected to the middle of one end of the screening cylinder 41.

[0086] The bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft 42 has guide vanes symmetrically arranged on both sides. The rotation of the bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft 42 drives the guide vanes to allow the unfiltered coal gangue on the upper surface of the screening cylinder 41 to flow into the separation hopper 13 for unified collection.

[0087] In this design, the screening cylinder 41 and the bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft 42 are configured to quickly screen and filter crushed and ground coal gangue. At the same time, unfiltered coal gangue on the surface of the screening cylinder 41 is cleaned in time. With this design, the adhesion of coal gangue can be reduced in time when materials with high moisture content are scraped and rotated by the bidirectional arc-shaped guide shaft 42, thus reducing equipment blockage.

[0088] The screening cylinder 41 is evenly connected to rotating teeth 44 near the middle of the gear ring 43. All rotating teeth 44 mesh with the tooth surface of the gear ring 43. The tooth surface of the rotating teeth 44 away from the gear ring 43 meshes with a transmission gear 45. One side of the transmission gear 45 is rotatably connected to the screening cylinder 41. The other side of the transmission gear 45 is fixedly connected to a cleaning rotating plate 46. The end of the cleaning rotating plate 46 away from the transmission gear 45 passes through the middle of the screening cylinder 41 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12. The crushing chamber 12 is fixedly connected to both sides with guide plates 47.

[0089] The present invention sets a gear ring 43 and a cleaning rotating plate 46 in the middle of the screening cylinder 41. The cleaning rotating plate 46 and the screening cylinder 41 rotate in opposite directions through the meshing transmission of the rotating teeth 44. At this time, the coal gangue filtered by the screening cylinder 41 can be quickly screened under the swing of the cleaning rotating plate 46, thereby preventing the clogging of the filter holes on the surface of the screening cylinder 41.

[0090] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0091] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1, Iron removal from raw ore: This step removes iron impurities from coal gangue. Specific methods include magnetic separation and flotation to improve the whiteness and purity of the final product, kaolin. Step 2, crushing and grinding: The coal gangue is crushed and ground to achieve a particle size of less than 10% with a mass fraction of particles larger than 75μm. The crushing methods used in this process include extrusion, impact, grinding and peeling, and splitting to adapt to different types of crushing equipment. The smaller the particle size of the crushed coal gangue, the easier it is to decarbonize, that is, easier to burn through. The crushing and pulverizing steps include: First, preliminary crushing: Coal gangue is fed into the hopper (11) and falls into the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism (3) through the circular discharge port at the bottom of the hopper (11). The crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism (3) includes a crushing shaft (31), both ends of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12). A rotating hammer (32) is evenly rotatably connected to the crushing shaft (31). A grinding shaft (33) is provided below the crushing shaft (31). 33) The two ends are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12). The grinding shaft (33) is evenly provided with a rolling groove in the middle. The end of the rotating hammer (32) away from the crushing shaft (31) slides in the rolling groove opened by the grinding shaft (33) for secondary grinding of coal gangue. The rotating hammer (32) is driven by the rotation of the crushing shaft (31) to hammer and crush the coal gangue. The rotating hammer (32) can effectively crush the coal gangue into smaller pieces with its strong crushing force and stable performance. Second, fine crushing: the crushed coal gangue is crushed again by the rolling groove in the middle of the rotating hammer (32) and the grinding shaft (33). Third, separation: The finely crushed coal gangue will be screened under the rotation of the screening cylinder (41). The finely crushed and unevenly crushed coal gangue will be guided to the guide plate (47) under the rotation of the bidirectional arc guide shaft (42), and then flow back into the separation bucket (13) for the next processing through the guide plate (47). Step 3, ultrafine grinding: The coal gangue that has been initially crushed in Step 2 enters the ultrafine grinding stage to further reduce the particle size and improve the fineness and uniformity of the product; this step uses a vertical wet ball mill or an air jet mill. Step 4, Drying and Calcination: The coal gangue slurry ground in Step 3 is dried to remove moisture, which facilitates the subsequent calcination operation. The selection of drying equipment should be determined according to the properties of the slurry and the drying requirements. During the calcination process, the coal gangue crystals are heated at high temperature, undergo physical changes, and rearrange their structure to form kaolin.

2. An apparatus for preparing kaolin from coal gangue, applicable to the method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue as described in claim 1, comprising an operating table (1), wherein a crushing chamber (12) is installed on the upper surface of the operating table (1), a hopper (11) is installed on the crushing chamber (12), and a separating hopper (13) is fixedly connected to the side near the crushing chamber (12), characterized in that, It also includes an anti-bounce mechanism (2) and an adjustable noise reduction mechanism for breakage (3); Anti-bounce mechanism (2); The anti-bounce mechanism (2) is installed in the hopper (11) and is used to prevent the coal gangue from bouncing off during crushing. Adjustable noise reduction mechanism for breakage (3); The adjustable crushing and noise reduction mechanism (3) is installed in the crushing chamber (12) and is used for crushing and rolling coal gangue. Uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism (4); The uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism (4) is located below the crushing chamber (12) near the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism (3). The uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism (4) is used for the separation of coal gangue after crushing.

3. The apparatus for preparing kaolin from coal gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-jump mechanism (2) includes an arc-shaped baffle (21), with a fixing ring (22) passing through the middle of the upper end of the arc-shaped baffle (21). The bottom of the hopper (11) is provided with a circular discharge port, and a fixing block (23) is uniformly fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular discharge port. The fixing ring (22) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (23). A torsion spring (24) is uniformly sleeved on the outer surface of the fixing ring (22). One end of the torsion spring (24) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped baffle (21), and the other end of the torsion spring (24) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (23).

4. The apparatus for preparing kaolin from coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism (3) also includes an arc-shaped vibration damping plate (34). The arc-shaped vibration damping plate (34) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft (33). Rotating blocks (36) are rotatably connected to both sides of one end of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate (34). The other end of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate (34) is rotatably connected to both sides of the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12). An arc-shaped rotating plate (35) is evenly rotatably connected to the side of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate (34) near the grinding shaft (33). A sliding rod (39) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the side of the arc-shaped vibration damping plate (34) near the grinding shaft (33).

5. The apparatus for preparing kaolin from coal gangue according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating block (36) is threadedly connected to a threaded adjusting rod (38) at one end away from the arc-shaped damping plate (34). A reset spring (37) is sleeved on the threaded adjusting rod (38) near the middle of the crushing chamber (12). One end of the reset spring (37) is fixedly connected to the rotating block (36), and the other end of the reset spring (37) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12).

6. The apparatus for preparing kaolin from coal gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism (4) includes a screening cylinder (41), the two ends of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12). Bidirectional arc-shaped guide shafts (42) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer surface of the screening cylinder (41). The two ends of the bidirectional arc-shaped guide shafts (42) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12). A gear ring (43) is fixedly connected to the middle of one end of the screening cylinder (41).

7. The apparatus for preparing kaolin from coal gangue according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sieve cylinder (41) is evenly connected to rotating teeth (44) near the middle of the gear ring (43). All rotating teeth (44) mesh on the tooth surface of the gear ring (43). The tooth surface of the rotating teeth (44) away from the gear ring (43) meshes with a transmission gear (45). The transmission gear (45) is rotatably connected to the sieve cylinder (41).

8. The apparatus for preparing kaolin from coal gangue according to claim 7, characterized in that: A cleaning plate (46) is fixedly connected to the other side of the transmission gear (45). The cleaning plate (46) passes through the middle of the screening cylinder (41) and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12) at the end away from the transmission gear (45). Guide plates (47) are fixedly connected to both sides of the crushing chamber (12).

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