Cyclone separator

Abstract

The invention discloses a cyclone separator, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas treatment equipment.The cyclone separator comprises a separator shell, a cyclone structure is arranged in the separator shell, a cavity is formed between the cyclone structure and the separator shell, and the cyclone structure comprises a horizontally-arranged gas inlet pipeline and a vertically-arranged rotating pipeline; the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the rotating pipeline, an air outlet pipeline which is vertically arranged is fixedly arranged at the top of the rotating pipeline in a penetrating manner, and a gap is formed between the rotating pipeline and the air outlet pipeline. The invention has the effects of low manufacturing cost and excellent performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment equipment, and in particular to a cyclone separator. Background Art

[0002] As the national environmental protection policy becomes increasingly stringent, the requirements for industrial emissions continue to increase, especially in the oil refining, petrochemical and coal chemical industries, the need for high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas treatment is becoming more urgent. The waste heat recovery system in these industries not only needs to efficiently remove dust from the flue gas, but also ensure that the equipment can operate stably for a long time to reduce environmental pollution and improve resource utilization. Existing cyclone separators show good performance at low temperature and normal pressure, but face many challenges in high temperature and high pressure environments, which directly affects the reliability and economy of the system.

[0003] At present, in order to cope with the problem of flue gas dust removal under high temperature and high pressure environment, the industry usually adopts the following methods: First, use special metals or ceramic materials that are resistant to high temperature, abrasion and corrosion to manufacture cyclone separators. Such materials can maintain good mechanical properties under extreme conditions; second, by optimizing the design structure of the cyclone separator, such as adding a multi-stage cyclone separation device, to improve the dust removal efficiency; third, adopt external cooling measures, such as adding a water-cooling jacket, to reduce the shell temperature and extend the service life.

[0004] Although the above methods can improve the performance of cyclone separators under high temperature and high pressure conditions to a certain extent, there are still obvious defects. The first is the high cost, especially the use of special metals or ceramic materials, which leads to a significant increase in the overall cost; the second is the physical property limitations of the material itself. For example, metal materials that are exposed to high temperature for a long time will have problems such as decreased tensile strength and increased deformation, which will affect the safety and stability of the equipment; the third is that the complex design increases the manufacturing difficulty and maintenance cost, reducing the economic benefits of the system. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cyclone separator design that can reduce costs and improve performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem of high manufacturing cost of existing cyclone separators under high temperature and high pressure conditions, the present application provides a cyclone separator.

[0006] The cyclone separator provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A cyclone separator comprises a separator shell, a cyclone structure is arranged in the separator shell, a cavity is arranged between the cyclone structure and the separator shell, the cyclone structure comprises a horizontally arranged air inlet pipe and a vertically arranged rotating pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected to the rotating pipe, a vertically arranged air outlet pipe is passed through and fixed on the top of the rotating pipe, and a gap is arranged between the rotating pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas enters the rotating pipe from the air inlet pipe at the side end of the separator shell. After high-speed rotation, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the air outlet pipe at the top, and the dust is discharged from the bottom of the rotating pipe. Since there is a gap between the rotating pipe and the air outlet pipe, part of the flue gas can flow back into the cavity through the gap, so that the cyclone structure is in a state of pressure balance. The cyclone structure only needs to use heat-resistant materials to meet the design requirements, with low manufacturing cost and excellent performance.

[0008] Preferably, a smoke inlet flange is provided on the side of the separator shell, a smoke outlet flange is provided on the top of the separator shell, the inner wall of the smoke outlet flange and the inner wall of the smoke inlet flange are both provided with linings, the air inlet pipe is installed inside the lining of the smoke inlet flange, and the air outlet pipe is installed inside the lining of the smoke outlet flange.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, linings are provided on the inner walls of the flue gas inlet flange and the flue gas outlet flange, which can effectively protect the flue gas inlet flange and the flue gas outlet flange from damage by high-temperature flue gas, extend the service life of the flue gas inlet flange and the flue gas outlet flange and improve the reliability of the equipment.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the separator housing is provided with a lining.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, by adding a lining to the inner wall of the separator shell, the high-temperature flue gas will not directly contact the separator shell, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment under high temperature and high pressure environment.

[0012] Preferably, a collecting box is installed at the bottom of the separator shell, a box door is hinged on the side of the collecting box, a mounting groove is provided on the top surface of the collecting box, a collecting box is arranged in the collecting box, a material receiving groove connected to the bottom of the rotating pipe is provided on the top surface of the collecting box, and a handle is installed on the side of the collecting box close to the box door.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the collection box is placed in the collection box, and the dust is collected by the collection box, which improves the dust collection efficiency, makes maintenance and cleaning more convenient, and the staff can easily operate and clean.

[0014] Preferably, two baffles are installed in the collection box, and the two baffles are respectively partition plate 1 and partition plate 2. The partition plate 1 is located on the side of the partition plate 2 away from the box door. The top surfaces of the baffles are provided with card slots, and the baffles are provided with card blocks that slide vertically through the card slots. The two card blocks are respectively card block 1 and card block 2. The card block 1 is installed on the top of the partition plate 1, and the card block 2 is installed on the top of the partition plate 2; the top surface of the collection box is provided with two connecting through grooves, and the two connecting through grooves are respectively located on both sides of the top surface of the collection box, and the two connecting through grooves are respectively positioned groove 1 and positioned groove 2. The card block 1 can be inserted into the positioning groove 1, and the card block 2 can be inserted into the positioning groove 2. A pushing component for pushing the baffle to move toward the direction close to the box door is provided in the collection box.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the dust in the collection box reaches a certain amount, the pushing component is first used to move partition one toward the direction close to the box door. When partition one moves to the position of positioning groove one, the clamping block one is inserted into the positioning groove one, and the collection box continues to collect dust. When the dust in the collection box continues to accumulate to a certain amount, the pushing component moves partition two toward the direction close to the box door. When partition two moves to the position of positioning groove two, the clamping block two is inserted into the positioning groove two, thereby making the dust holding capacity of the collection box more flexible.

[0016] Preferably, a spring 1 is fixed to the bottom surface of the clamping block, and the bottom end of the spring 1 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the clamping slot.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the baffle moves to the position of the connecting through slot, the clamping block 1 moves upward under the elastic force of the spring 1 and is inserted into the connecting through slot, thereby limiting the baffle.

[0018] Preferably, the collection box is installed with a pressure block through the connecting groove for vertical sliding, a reset block is fixed to the side of the pressure block, a reset groove is provided on the inner wall of the connecting groove, the reset block is vertically slidably cooperated with the collection box through the reset groove, a spring 2 is fixed to the bottom surface of the reset block, and the bottom end of the spring 2 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the reset groove.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the dust in the collection box needs to be processed, the pressing block is pressed downward, and the pressing block pushes the card block in the connecting groove to move downward, so that the card block is separated from the connecting groove, so as to facilitate the removal of the baffle.

[0020] Preferably, the pushing assembly includes two cylinders installed on the side of the collection box, the side of the collection box is provided with a makeshift groove for passing the cylinder, a connecting plate is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder, a motor is fixed to the side of the connecting plate close to the baffle, a pushing plate is fixed to the output end of the motor, and the connecting plate is located below the cylinder piston rod; a movable groove for passing the pushing plate is provided on the side of the partition plate 2.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to push partition one, start the cylinder, the cylinder drives the pushing plate to pass through the movable slot, the pushing plate abuts against partition one and pushes partition one to move; when it is necessary to push partition two, start the motor first, the motor drives the pushing plate to rotate to a vertical state, so that the pushing plate abuts against partition one, so that the pushing plate pushes partition one to move toward the direction close to the box door.

[0022] Preferably, a rotating rod is rotatably installed on the side of the second partition close to the first partition, and a rotating plate is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating rod, and the rotating plate can block the movable through groove, and mounting blocks are respectively installed on both sides of the rotating rod, and the mounting blocks are fixedly connected to the second partition, and a torsion spring is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating rod, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the mounting block, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the rotating plate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the piston rod of the cylinder drives the pushing plate to pass through the movable slot, the rotating plate rotates upward. Since the connecting plate is located below the piston rod, when the pushing plate is reset, the piston rod of the cylinder abuts against the rotating plate, so that the connecting plate and the movable plate can pass through the movable slot; when the pushing plate pushes the partition plate 2 to the position of the positioning slot 2, the rotating plate abuts against the partition plate 2 under the elastic force of the torsion spring, so that the dust accumulated between the partition plate 2 and the partition plate 1 is not easily leaked from the movable slot.

[0024] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. High-temperature and high-pressure flue gas enters the rotating pipe from the air inlet pipe at the side end of the separator shell. After high-speed rotation, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the air outlet pipe at the top, and the dust is discharged from the bottom of the rotating pipe. Since there is a gap between the rotating pipe and the air outlet pipe, part of the flue gas can flow back into the cavity through the gap, so that the cyclone structure is in a state of pressure balance. The cyclone structure only needs to use heat-resistant materials to meet the design requirements, with low manufacturing cost and excellent performance; 2. Lining is provided on the inner wall of the flue gas inlet flange and the flue gas outlet flange, which can effectively protect the flue gas inlet flange and the flue gas outlet flange from damage by high temperature flue gas, extend the service life of the flue gas inlet flange and the flue gas outlet flange and improve the reliability of the equipment; 3. By adding a layer of lining to the inner wall of the separator shell, the high-temperature flue gas will not directly contact the separator shell, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment under high temperature and high pressure environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cyclone separator of an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a separator shell in a cyclone separator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a collecting box in a cyclone separator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a collecting box in a cyclone separator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a baffle in a cyclone separator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of center A.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting plate and the pushing plate in the cyclone separator of the embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1, separator housing; 11, cyclone structure; 111, air inlet duct; 112, rotating duct; 113, air outlet duct; 12, cavity; 13, flue gas inlet flange; 14, flue gas outlet flange; 2, collecting box; 21, box door; 22, installation slot; 23, clearance slot; 3, collecting box; 31, material receiving slot; 32, handle; 4, baffle; 41, partition 1; 42, partition 2; 421, shift Dynamic through slot; 422, rotating rod; 423, rotating plate; 424, mounting block; 425, torsion spring; 5, clamping block; 51, clamping block one; 52, clamping block two; 53, clamping slot; 54, spring one; 6, pressing block; 61, connecting through slot; 611, positioning slot one; 612, positioning slot two; 62, reset block; 63, reset slot; 64, spring two; 7, cylinder; 71, connecting plate; 72, motor; 73, pushing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is combined with Figure 1-8 This application is described in further detail.

[0035] The present application embodiment discloses a cyclone separator. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cyclone separator includes a separator housing 1, a cyclone structure 11 is arranged in the separator housing 1, and a cavity 12 is arranged between the cyclone structure 11 and the separator housing 1. The inner wall of the separator housing 1 is provided with a lining. By adding a layer of lining to the inner wall of the separator housing 1, the high-temperature flue gas will not directly contact the separator housing 1, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment under high temperature and high pressure environment.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 The cyclone structure 11 includes a horizontally arranged air inlet pipe 111 and a vertically arranged rotating pipe 112, and the air inlet pipe 111 is connected to the rotating pipe 112. A vertically arranged air outlet pipe 113 is fixedly provided on the top of the rotating pipe 112, and a gap is provided between the rotating pipe 112 and the air outlet pipe 113.

[0037] High-temperature and high-pressure flue gas enters the rotating pipe 112 from the air inlet pipe 111 at the side end of the separator shell 1. After high-speed rotation, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the air outlet pipe 113 at the top, and the dust is discharged from the bottom of the rotating pipe 112. Since there is a gap between the rotating pipe 112 and the air outlet pipe 113, part of the flue gas can flow back into the cavity 12 through the gap, so that the cyclone structure 11 is in a state of pressure balance. The cyclone structure 11 only needs to use heat-resistant materials to meet the design requirements, with low manufacturing cost and excellent performance.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 The top of the separator housing 1 is provided with a smoke outlet flange 14, and the side of the separator housing 1 is provided with a smoke inlet flange 13. The inner wall of the smoke outlet flange 14 and the inner wall of the smoke inlet flange 13 are both provided with linings, the air outlet pipe 113 is installed inside the lining of the smoke outlet flange 14, and the air inlet pipe 111 is installed inside the lining of the smoke inlet flange 13.

[0039] Lining is provided on the inner walls of the flue gas inlet flange 13 and the flue gas outlet flange 14, which can effectively protect the flue gas inlet flange 13 and the flue gas outlet flange 14 from damage by high-temperature flue gas, extend the service life of the flue gas inlet flange 13 and the flue gas outlet flange 14 and improve the reliability of the equipment.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A collecting box 2 is installed at the bottom of the separator housing 1, and a box door 21 is hinged on the side of the collecting box 2. A mounting slot 22 is provided on the top surface of the collecting box 2, and a collecting box 3 is arranged inside the collecting box 2. A material receiving slot 31 connected to the bottom of the rotating pipe 112 is provided on the top surface of the collecting box 3, and a handle 32 is installed on the side of the collecting box 3 close to the box door 21.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Two baffles 4 are installed in the collection box 3, and the two baffles 4 are respectively a baffle 1 41 and a baffle 2 42, and the baffle 1 41 is located on the side of the baffle 2 42 away from the push plate 73-41. The top surface of the baffle 4 is provided with a card slot 53, and the baffle 4 is vertically slidably installed with a card block 5 through the card slot 53. The bottom surface of the card block 5 is fixed with a spring 1 54, and the bottom end of the spring 1 54 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the card slot 53.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The two clamping blocks 5 are respectively a clamping block 1 51 and a clamping block 2 52. The clamping block 1 51 is installed on the top of the partition 1 41, and the clamping block 2 52 is installed on the top of the partition 2 42. The top surface of the collection box 3 is provided with two connecting slots 61, and the two connecting slots 61 are respectively located on both sides of the top surface of the collection box 3. The two connecting slots 61 are respectively a positioning slot 1 611 and a positioning slot 2 612. The clamping block 1 51 can be inserted into the positioning slot 1 611, and the clamping block 2 52 can be inserted into the positioning slot 2 612.

[0043] Reference Figure 6 The collecting box 3 is vertically slidably mounted with a pressing block 6 through a connecting slot 61, a reset block 62 is fixed to the side of the pressing block 6, a reset slot 63 is provided on the inner wall of the connecting slot 61, and the reset block 62 is vertically slidably matched with the collecting box 3 through the reset slot 63. A spring 2 64 is fixed to the bottom surface of the reset block 62, and the bottom end of the spring 2 64 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the reset slot 63.

[0044] When the dust in the collection box 3 reaches a certain amount, first move the partition 41 toward the direction close to the box door 21. When the partition 41 moves to the position of the positioning groove 611, the clamping block 51 is inserted into the positioning groove 611, and the collection box 3 continues to collect the dust. When the dust in the collection box 3 continues to accumulate to a certain amount, move the partition 42 toward the direction close to the box door 21. When the partition 42 moves to the position of the positioning groove 612, the clamping block 52 is inserted into the positioning groove 612, so that the dust holding capacity of the collection box 3 is more flexible.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 7 Two cylinders 7 are installed on the side of the collection box 3, and a clearance slot 23 for passing the cylinder 7 is opened on the side of the collection box 2. A connecting plate 71 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder 7, and the connecting plate 71 is located below the piston rod of the cylinder 7. A motor 72 is fixed to the side of the connecting plate 71 close to the baffle 4, and a push plate 73 is fixed to the output end of the motor 72. A rotating rod 422 is rotatably installed on the side of the partition 2 42 close to the partition 1 41, and a rotating plate 423 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating rod 422.

[0046] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 8 The side of the second partition plate 42 is provided with a moving slot 421 for inserting the push plate 73, and the rotating plate 423 can cover the moving slot 421. Mounting blocks 424 are respectively installed on both sides of the rotating rod 422, and the mounting blocks 424 are fixedly connected to the second partition plate 42. A torsion spring 425 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating rod 422, one end of the torsion spring 425 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 424, and the other end of the torsion spring 425 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 422.

[0047] When it is necessary to push plate 73-41, start cylinder 7, cylinder 7 drives pushing plate 73 to pass through movable slot 421, pushing plate 73 abuts against partition 1 41 and pushes plate 73-41 to move. When it is necessary to push plate 73-42, start motor 72 first, motor 72 drives pushing plate 73 to rotate to a vertical state, so that pushing plate 73 abuts against partition 1 41, so that pushing plate 73 pushes plate 73-41 to move in a direction close to door 21. When pushing plate 73 pushes partition 2 42 to the position of positioning slot 2 612, rotating plate 423 abuts against partition 2 42 under the elastic force of torsion spring 425, so that dust accumulated between partition 2 42 and partition 1 41 is not easily leaked from movable slot 421.

[0048] The implementation principle of a cyclone separator in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas enters a rotating pipe 112 from an air inlet pipe 111 at the side end of a separator shell 1. After high-speed rotation, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from an air outlet pipe 113 at the top, and dust is discharged from the bottom of the rotating pipe 112. Since there is a gap between the rotating pipe 112 and the air outlet pipe 113, part of the flue gas can flow back into the cavity 12 through the gap, so that the cyclone structure 11 is in a state of pressure balance. The cyclone structure 11 only needs to use heat-resistant materials to meet the design requirements, and has low manufacturing costs and excellent performance.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cyclone separator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a separator shell (1), wherein a cyclone structure (11) is arranged inside the separator shell (1), a cavity (12) is arranged between the cyclone structure (11) and the separator shell (1), the cyclone structure (11) comprises a horizontally arranged air intake pipe (111) and a vertically arranged rotating pipe (112), the air intake pipe (111) is connected to the rotating pipe (112), a vertically arranged air outlet pipe (113) is passed through and fixed on the top of the rotating pipe (112), and a gap is arranged between the rotating pipe (112) and the air outlet pipe (113).

2. A cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A smoke inlet flange (13) is provided on the side of the separator shell (1), a smoke outlet flange (14) is provided on the top of the separator shell (1), the inner wall of the smoke outlet flange (14) and the inner wall of the smoke inlet flange (13) are both provided with linings, the air inlet pipe (111) is installed inside the lining of the smoke inlet flange (13), and the air outlet pipe (113) is installed inside the lining of the smoke outlet flange (14).

3. A cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the separator housing (1) is provided with a lining.

4. A cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collecting box (2) is installed at the bottom of the separator housing (1), a box door (21) is hinged on the side of the collecting box (2), a mounting groove (22) is provided on the top surface of the collecting box (2), a collecting box (3) is arranged inside the collecting box (2), a material receiving groove (31) connected to the bottom of the rotating pipe (112) is provided on the top surface of the collecting box (3), and a handle (32) is installed on the side of the collecting box (3) close to the box door (21).

5. A cyclone separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two baffles (4) are installed in the collection box (3), and the two baffles (4) are respectively a partition plate 1 (41) and a partition plate 2 (42). The partition plate 1 (41) is located on the side of the partition plate 2 (42) away from the box door (21). The top surface of each baffle plate (4) is provided with a card slot (53). The baffle plate (4) is vertically slidably installed with a card block (5) through the card slot (53). The two card blocks (5) are respectively a card block 1 (51) and a card block 2 (52). The card block 1 (51) is installed on the top of the partition plate 1 (41), and the card block 2 (52) is installed on the top of the partition plate 1 (41). The top of the partition plate 2 (42); the top surface of the collection box (3) is provided with two connecting grooves (61), the two connecting grooves (61) are respectively located on both sides of the top surface of the collection box (3), the two connecting grooves (61) are respectively a positioning groove 1 (611) and a positioning groove 2 (612), the clamping block 1 (51) can be inserted into the positioning groove 1 (611), and the clamping block 2 (52) can be inserted into the positioning groove 2 (612), and the collection box (3) is provided with a pushing component for pushing the baffle plate (4) to move in a direction close to the box door (21).

6. A cyclone separator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spring 1 (54) is fixed to the bottom surface of the clamping block (5), and the bottom end of the spring 1 (54) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the clamping slot (53).

7. A cyclone separator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collecting box (3) is provided with a pressing block (6) which is slidably mounted along the vertical direction via the connecting groove (61); a reset block (62) is fixed to the side of the pressing block (6); a reset groove (63) is provided on the inner wall of the connecting groove (61); the reset block (62) is slidably engaged with the collecting box (3) along the vertical direction via the reset groove (63); a second spring (64) is fixed to the bottom surface of the reset block (62); and the bottom end of the second spring (64) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the reset groove (63).

8. A cyclone separator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pushing assembly comprises two cylinders (7) mounted on the side of the collection box (3); a clearance groove (23) for passing the cylinder (7) is provided on the side of the collection box (2); a connecting plate (71) is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder (7); a motor (72) is fixed to the side of the connecting plate (71) close to the baffle (4); a pushing plate (73) is fixed to the output end of the motor (72); the connecting plate (71) is located below the piston rod of the cylinder (7); and a movable groove (421) for passing the pushing plate (73) is provided on the side of the partition plate 2 (42).

9. A cyclone separator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second partition (42) is rotatably mounted with a rotating rod (422) on the side surface close to the first partition (41); the outer periphery of the rotating rod (422) is provided with a rotating plate (423); the rotating plate (423) can cover the movable through groove (421); mounting blocks (424) are respectively mounted on both sides of the rotating rod (422); the mounting blocks (424) are fixedly connected to the second partition (42); the outer periphery of the rotating rod (422) is provided with a torsion spring (425); one end of the torsion spring (425) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (424); the other end of the torsion spring (425) is fixedly connected to the rotating plate (423).

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