Anti-drag deicing structure of ice surface rescue unmanned aerial vehicle and ice surface rescue unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice surface rescue unmanned aerial vehicle and the ice surface rescue unmanned aerial vehicle, and discloses a deicing structure which is used for cleaning broken ice on an ice surface or a water surface through cooperation of an ice breaking cone and snow removing sawteeth, can reduce the sliding resistance of the unmanned aerial vehicle and improves the ice surface rescue efficiency. The ice breaking machine is characterized by being composed of a machine body, a machine frame, a machine frame head, a machine frame tail, a machine frame middle part, an ice breaking plate, an ice breaking cone, a hanging plate, an air cylinder, a fixing plate and a fixing block, the machine frame comprises the machine frame head, the machine frame tail and the machine frame middle part, the two ends of the machine frame middle part are correspondingly arranged at one end of the machine frame head and one end of the machine frame tail respectively, and the machine frame is arranged on the top face of the machine body. The machine body is of a hollow structure, the length of the machine body is smaller than that of the machine frame, the width of the machine body is smaller than that of the machine frame, fixing plates are correspondingly arranged on the two side faces of the machine body respectively, fixing blocks are correspondingly arranged on the two sides of the bottom face of the tail of the machine frame respectively, and one end of a hanging plate is arranged on the bottom faces of the fixing blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention discloses a drag-reducing and deicing structure for an ice surface rescue UAV and an ice surface rescue UAV, and relates to a deicing structure installed on an ice surface rescue UAV, and belongs to the technical field of ice surface rescue, and particularly relates to a deicing structure that can reduce the sliding resistance of the UAV and improve the efficiency of ice surface rescue by clearing crushed ice on the ice surface or water surface through ice crushing cones and snow removal saw teeth. Background Art

[0002] When the weather is cold, the river surface will freeze due to the drop in temperature. Affected by factors such as sunlight, water flow speed, wind force, and nearby human activities, the thickness of the ice layer in different areas of the river surface is different. When people skate on the ice, it is difficult to accurately judge the thickness of the ice layer with the naked eye. The pressure on the ice layer caused by skating on the ice surface for a long time and the influence of sunlight will cause the ice layer to crack, which is prone to falling into the water. According to measurements, people will lose sensation in their limbs after 15 minutes in water below 0°, and in water between 0° and 10°, their limbs will become numb and stiff after 4 minutes, and they will lose the ability to save themselves and cooperate with rescue. Therefore, it is necessary to rescue people who fall into the water in time. At present, the main method of ice rescue is manual. Rescuers tie safety ropes on the shore, and then carry ladders, lifebuoys and other tools to climb ice to reach the location of the person who fell into the water and rescue the person who fell into the water. Because the friction of the human body on the ice surface is small, rescuers will slide back and forth on the ice surface. Manual rescue is inefficient and labor-intensive, and there is a risk of rescuers falling into the water.

[0003] Announcement No. CN206968953U discloses a remote-controlled ice rescue robot, including a shell and a remote control. A support plate is provided on the inner side wall of the shell, and an automatic wire reel and a rope thrower are provided on the support plate. The automatic wire reel and one end of the rope are fixed, and an ice claw is fixed to the other end of the rope. A support rod is provided between the rope thrower and the support plate. A throwing port is provided on the shell opposite to the rope thrower, a ventilation window is provided on the side wall of the shell, and a handle is provided on the outside of the ventilation window. A heater is provided in the shell opposite to the ventilation window. A motor, a blower and a controller are also provided in the shell. The blower is connected to the airbag through an air supply pipe. The bottom of the shell is fixed to one end of a connecting rod, and a driving wheel and a driven wheel are provided on the other end of the connecting rod. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected by tracks. The ice rescue robot drops crampons onto the ice surface, fixes the crampons on the ice surface, and then the person who falls into the water grabs the handle and pulls the person out of the water. However, the crampons are only fixed on the ice surface, and under the pressure and shaking of the person who falls into the water, the crampons may loosen, and the ice rescue robot may fall into the water, making it impossible to continue rescuing the person who falls into the water. Moreover, the ice rescue robot only pulls the person who falls into the water out of the water, but cannot quickly bring the person back to the shore. After being soaked in water for a long time, the person who falls into the water will experience numbness and stiffness of the limbs and needs timely medical treatment. However, the rescuers cannot quickly reach the rescue site to treat the person who falls into the water due to the slippery ice surface, resulting in the person who falls into the water being unable to quickly recover his body functions.

[0004] In order to improve the above problems, the applicant filed a Chinese invention patent application entitled "A UAV for Ice Rescue", which uses multiple snow-removing saw teeth set on the side of the horizontal slide to clean up the broken ice that may exist on the ice surface, reduce the sliding resistance, and enable the drone to drive the person who fell into the water to quickly return to the support platform. However, the snow-removing saw teeth are only set on the side of the horizontal slide, and can only clean up the broken ice close to the horizontal slide. The contact area with the broken ice is small, the ice removal efficiency is low, and the broken ice is easy to accumulate under the frame. The speed at which the drone drives the person who fell into the water back to the support platform is slow, and the efficiency of ice rescue is low. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the above situation, the present invention provides a drag reduction and deicing structure for an ice rescue drone and an ice rescue drone, which can clean the broken ice on the ice or water surface by using ice crushing cones and snow removal saw teeth, thereby reducing the sliding resistance of the drone and improving the efficiency of ice rescue.

[0006] The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone and the ice rescue drone of the present invention are realized as follows: The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone of the present invention is composed of a body, a frame, a frame head, a frame tail, a frame middle part, an ice crushing plate, an ice crushing cone, a hanging plate, a cylinder, a fixing plate and a fixing block. The rack includes three parts: a rack head, a rack tail and a rack middle part. The two ends of the rack middle part correspond to one end of the rack head and one end of the rack tail. The frame is placed on the top surface of the body, the body is a hollow structure, the length of the body is smaller than the length of the frame, and the width of the body is smaller than the width of the frame. The two sides of the machine body are respectively provided with fixing plates. The bottom surface of the rear of the frame is provided with fixed blocks on both sides respectively. One end of the hanging plate is placed on the bottom surface of the fixed block. The connecting line between the fixing plate and the fixing block is parallel to the length direction of the machine body. One end of the cylinder is placed on the fixed plate, and the other end of the cylinder passes through a through hole opened on the other end of the hanging plate and is placed on one side of the ice crushing plate. The ice crushing plate is provided with a U-shaped rope opening. An ice crushing cone is disposed on the other side of the ice crushing plate, and the outer diameter of the ice crushing cone gradually decreases from one end connected to the ice crushing plate to the other end. Preferably, there are multiple groups of ice crushing cones, which are arranged equidistantly along the width direction of the ice crushing plate, and there are multiple ice crushing cones in each group, which are arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the ice crushing plate. Preferably, the angles between the ice crushing cones and the ice crushing plates in the same group are different, and the lengths of the ice crushing cones in the same group are different. Preferably, the ice crushing cone is a spiral structure. Preferably, a through groove is provided at the position where the ice crushing cone is placed on the other side of the ice crushing plate, one end of the spring is placed at the bottom of the through groove, and the other end of the spring is placed at one end of the ice crushing cone. Preferably, the ice crushing plate is made of high carbon steel. Preferably, the ice crushing plate has an uneven structure. Preferably, the surface of the ice crushing plate is covered with a corrosion-resistant coating. Preferably, the thickness of the ice crushing plate gradually decreases from the center to the edge. Preferably, the ice crushing plate and the other end of the cylinder are rotatably connected. Preferably, the ice crushing plate is a hollow structure, and the two ends of the ice crushing plate are open structures. The two inner sides of the ice crushing plate are respectively provided with sliding grooves, and the two sides of the telescopic transverse plate are respectively provided with sliding ribs, and the sliding grooves correspond to the sliding ribs. The two telescopic transverse plates are respectively arranged at the two ends of the ice crushing plate through the sliding ribs and the sliding grooves, and the sliding ribs and the sliding grooves are fixed by fastening bolts. Furthermore, the two side edges of the other side of the ice crushing plate correspond to one side of the ice guide plate, and the other side of the ice guide plate is curved in an arc shape in a direction away from the ice crushing plate; Furthermore, another side of the ice crushing plate is provided with ice crushing columns. Preferably, there are multiple groups of crushed ice columns, which are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the other side of the ice crushing plate, each group of crushed ice columns is located between two adjacent groups of crushed ice columns, and there are multiple crushed ice columns in each group, which are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the other side of the ice crushing plate; Preferably, a plurality of ice crushing teeth are evenly arranged on the surface of the ice crushing column, and the ice crushing teeth are triangular prism structures with edges facing outwards.

[0007] The present invention also relates to an ice rescue drone, which is composed of a flight component, a drive component, a pull rope component, a storage component and a sliding component. The flight assembly is composed of a frame, a frame head, a frame tail, a frame middle, a frame wing, a float, a first screw, an L-shaped fixing plate, a lighting lamp and a first handle. The rack includes three parts: a rack head, a rack tail and a rack middle part. The two ends of the rack middle part correspond to one end of the rack head and one end of the rack tail. The frame is a hollow structure, and the edge of the frame is an arc-shaped inwardly concave structure. The four corners of the frame are respectively provided with frame wings, and the frame wings are arc-shaped structures. A group of L-shaped fixing plates are respectively disposed on both sides of the middle part of the frame, and each group has two L-shaped fixing plates. The two L-shaped fixing plates in the same group are respectively disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the middle part of the frame by a plurality of first screws. Floating bodies are disposed on both sides of the middle of the frame, and the floating bodies are U-shaped structures. The two ends of the floating bodies are connected to the two L-shaped fixing plates in the same group. Lights are provided on both sides of the top surface of the frame head. The first handle is placed at the other end of the frame. Preferably, the first handle has anti-slip grooves. The driving assembly is composed of a body, a frame rod, a second motor, a waterproof shell, a first rotating shaft, a flight fan blade, a protective net, a ring, an air guide hole, a camera and a speaker. The frame is placed on the top surface of the body, the body is a hollow structure, the length of the body is smaller than the length of the frame, and the width of the body is smaller than the width of the frame. The wings of the frame are respectively provided with air guide holes. The top surfaces of the frame wings are respectively provided with circular rings, and the inner side edges of the circular rings are connected to the edge of one end of the air guide holes. A protective net is arranged on the inner side of the ring, and the edge of the protective net is connected to the edge of the inner side of the ring. The four corners of the machine body are respectively provided with one end of a frame rod, and the other end of the frame rod is located directly below the other end of the air guide hole. The waterproof housing is embedded in a through hole on the top surface of the other end of the rack rod. The second motor is placed in the waterproof housing. One end of the first rotating shaft passes through a through hole opened on the top surface of the waterproof housing and is connected to the motor shaft of the second motor. The middle part of the flying blade is sleeved on the other end of the first rotating shaft through the through hole. A camera is disposed at one end of the body, the camera is close to the first handle, and a pressure sensor is disposed on the first handle. A speaker is disposed at one end of the body. The pull rope assembly is composed of a limit plate, a limit column, a support platform, a pull rope, a first motor, a second rotating shaft, an electric telescopic rod and an L-shaped rope limit plate. The supporting platform is a U-shaped structure. A limiting column is disposed on the top surface of one side of the support platform, and a first motor is disposed on the top surface of the other side of the support platform. Two limiting plates are located between the limiting column and the first motor, wherein one limiting plate is connected to the limiting column, and the other limiting plate is connected to the first motor. One end of the second rotating shaft is placed in the middle of one of the limiting plates through a bearing, and the other end of the second rotating shaft passes through a through hole opened in the middle of the other limiting plate and is connected to the motor shaft of the first motor, and a bearing is placed between the second rotating shaft and the other limiting plate. One end of the pull rope is wound around the side of the second rotating shaft. One end of the L-shaped rope limiting plate is placed at the other end of the machine body, and the L-shaped rope limiting plate is close to the tail of the frame. One end of the electric telescopic rod is placed at the other end of the machine body and is located above the L-shaped rope limiting plate. The other end of the electric telescopic rod is in contact with the side surface of the other end of the L-shaped rope limiting plate. The other end of the pull rope is placed on the other end side of the L-shaped rope limiting plate. The storage assembly is composed of a limit plate, a rectangular opening and a box body. The box is placed in the middle of the top surface of the frame, and the box is a structure with an open top surface. Limiting plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the top surface of the box body, and both ends and one side of the limiting plates are respectively connected to the edges of the top surface of the box body. A rectangular opening is arranged between the other sides of the two limit plates. The sliding assembly is composed of a slide plate, snow removal saw teeth, a slide plate groove, a second screw, a third rotating shaft, a magnet, a pad and an iron sheet. The slide plate comprises two vertical slide plates and two horizontal slide plates. Two horizontal slide plates are arranged between the two vertical slide plates. The bottom surfaces of the two transverse slide plates correspond to the slide plate grooves respectively. A plurality of second screws are equidistantly arranged in the slide slot, and the transverse slide is detachably arranged at both ends of the bottom surface of the machine body through the plurality of second screws. The length of the cross slide is greater than the width of the machine body. The side of the horizontal slide plate is provided with snow-removing saw teeth, which are triangular prism structures with the edges facing the rear of the frame. Preferably, there are a plurality of snow-removing saw teeth, and the plurality of snow-removing saw teeth are arranged equidistantly along the side of the transverse sliding plate. The two ends of the third rotating shaft are respectively placed on the sides of the two vertical slide plates through bearings, and the third rotating shaft is close to the front of the frame. One end of the pad is placed on the side of the third rotating shaft, and a magnet is placed on the top surface of the other end of the pad. An iron sheet is placed on the bottom surface of the pad cloth, and the iron sheet corresponds to the magnet. Preferably, the pad is made of a buoyant material with a density less than that of water. Preferably, the ice rescue drone further comprises a control system, which comprises a monitoring background, a signal converter, a data processor and a controller. The signal converter is placed on the support platform, the data processor is placed on the support platform, and the controller is placed on the support platform. The camera and the pressure sensor are connected to the signal converter via a data line. The electric telescopic rod, the lighting lamp, the horn, the first motor, the second motor, and the cylinder are connected to the controller via data transmission lines respectively. The controller and the monitoring background establish signal interaction, The signal converter is connected to the data processor via a data transmission line, and the data processor is connected to the controller via a data transmission line. The signal converter can convert the electrical signal of the image data collected by the camera into a digital signal. The controller can be implemented by one or at least two application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components for executing instructions of the data processing device. The data processor and the signal converter perform information exchange, When the control system is executed, the following steps are mainly implemented: The support platform is installed on the river bank, and the pad is stored on the bottom surface of the machine body through the adsorption force of magnets and iron sheets. When the monitoring background receives an alarm call that someone has fallen into the water, the position of the person who has fallen into the water and the distance to the support platform are determined, and the outbound flight route and the return glide route are set for the machine body. The controller starts the first motor and the second motor. The first motor drives the second shaft to rotate, the second shaft drives the pull rope to rotate, the second motor drives the first shaft to rotate, the first shaft drives the flying blades to rotate, and the flying blades drive the machine body and the pull rope to fly to the falling position of the person who has fallen into the water according to the preset outbound flight route. The camera collects image data of the ice surface and sends the collected image data signal to the signal converter. The signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received image data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor. The data processor processes the digital signal of the received image data and identifies the brightness value in the image data. When the brightness value of the image is lower than the preset brightness value, an execution instruction is sent to the controller. The controller controls the lighting to start. When the machine body approaches the water surface where the person who has fallen into the water is located, the controller controls the first motor to start. The first motor stops and the second motor stops, the horn starts, and the machine body floats on the water surface through the floats on both sides. The monitoring background reminds the person who falls into the water through the horn to grab the first handle, open it and climb onto the mat. When there are multiple people who fall into the water, after a person who falls into the water grabs the first handle, he can take out the life-saving equipment such as the life-saving ball and the life buoy stored in the box and throw them to other people who fall into the water to provide support for them. The pressure sensor collects the pressure data on the first handle and sends the collected pressure data signal to the signal converter. The signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received pressure data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor. The data processor processes the digital signal of the received pressure data. When the pressure data is greater than the preset pressure data, it means that the person who falls into the water has grasped the first handle, and sends an execution instruction to the controller. The controller controls the first motor to start, the first motor drives the second shaft to rotate, the second shaft drives the pull rope to rotate, and the pull rope drives the machine body to slide along the preset return route. The sliding force of the skateboard and the mat on the ice surface and the pulling force of the pull rope drive the person who falls into the water to return to the support platform, thereby completing the rescue of the person who falls into the water. Furthermore, a second handle is disposed on the side of the floating body, and there are two second handles, and the two second handles correspond to the floating body one by one. Furthermore, the vertical sliding plate is replaced by a wide sliding plate, and the width of the wide sliding plate is greater than the width of the vertical sliding plate. Beneficial Effects

[0008] Using ice crushers and snow removal saw teeth to clear the broken ice on the ice or water surface can reduce the sliding resistance of the drone and improve the efficiency of ice rescue.

[0009] Second, the ice-breaking plate is extended and retracted by the cylinder, which makes it easier to store the ice-breaking plate, reduces flight resistance, and improves ice rescue efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ice rescue drone of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ice rescue drone of the present invention, in which only the structure of the first screw and the L-shaped fixing plate are shown; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ice rescue drone of the present invention, in which only the structures of the flight component and the gliding component are shown; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ice rescue drone of the present invention, in which only the structures of the camera and the lighting lamp are shown; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ice rescue drone of the present invention, in which only the structures of the first rotating shaft and the second motor are shown; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ice rescue drone of the present invention, in which only the structure of the slide slot and the second screw are shown; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of an ice rescue drone of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of an ice rescue drone of the present invention; Fig. 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to the present invention; Fig.10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone of the present invention, in which only the structure of the fixing plate and the fixing block is shown; Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone of the present invention; Fig.12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Example 3 of a drag reduction and deicing structure for an ice rescue drone of the present invention. Attached photos

[0011] The components include: a limit plate (1), a limit column (2), a support platform (3), a pull rope (4), a protective net (5), a frame wing (6), a float (7), a middle portion of the frame (8), an air guide hole (9), a first rotating shaft (10), a flying fan blade (11), a magnet (12), a pad (13), a first handle (14), a frame head (15), a ring (16), a lighting lamp (17), a box (18), a rectangular opening (19), a limit plate (20), a first motor (21), a second rotating shaft (22), a first screw (23), an L-shaped fixing plate (24), a frame tail (25), an electric A telescopic rod (26), an L-shaped rope limiting plate (27), a skateboard (28), a snow removal sawtooth (29), a machine body (30), an iron sheet (31), a frame rod (32), a frame (33), a speaker (34), a camera (35), a third rotating shaft (36), a second motor (37), a waterproof housing (38), a skateboard groove (39), a second screw (40), a second handle (41), a wide skateboard (42), an ice crushing plate (43), an ice crushing cone (44), a hanging plate (45), a cylinder (46), a fixing plate (47), a fixing block (48), an ice guide plate (49), and an ice crushing column (50). DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0012] The present invention discloses a drag reduction and deicing structure for an ice rescue drone, which comprises a body (30), a frame (33), a frame head (15), a frame tail (25), a frame middle (8), an ice crushing plate (43), an ice crushing cone (44), a hanging plate (45), a cylinder (46), a fixing plate (47) and a fixing block (48). The frame (33) comprises three parts: a frame head (15), a frame tail (25) and a frame middle part (8), wherein two ends of the frame middle part (8) are respectively provided with one end of the frame head (15) and one end of the frame tail (25). The frame (33) is placed on the top surface of the body (30); the body (30) is a hollow structure; the length of the body (30) is smaller than the length of the frame (33); the width of the body (30) is smaller than the width of the frame (33); The two side surfaces of the machine body (30) are respectively provided with fixing plates (47). The bottom surface of the frame tail (25) is provided with corresponding fixing blocks (48) on both sides. One end of the hanging plate (45) is placed on the bottom surface of the fixing block (48). The connecting line between the fixing plate (47) and the fixing block (48) is parallel to the length direction of the machine body (30). One end of the cylinder (46) is correspondingly placed on the fixing plate (47), and the other end of the cylinder (46) passes through a through hole opened at the other end of the hanging plate (45) and is placed on a side surface of the ice crushing plate (43). The ice crushing plate (43) is provided with a U-shaped rope opening. An ice crushing cone (44) is disposed on the other side of the ice crushing plate (43), and the outer diameter of the ice crushing cone (44) gradually decreases from one end connected to the ice crushing plate (43) to the other end. Preferably, the ice crushing cones (44) are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of ice crushing cones (44) are arranged equidistantly along the width direction of the ice crushing plate (43); each group has a plurality of ice crushing cones (44), and the plurality of ice crushing cones (44) are arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the ice crushing plate (43); Preferably, the angles between the ice crushing cones (44) and the ice crushing plates (43) in the same group are different, and the lengths of the ice crushing cones (44) in the same group are different. Preferably, the ice crushing cone (44) is a spiral structure. Preferably, a through groove is formed on the other side of the ice crushing plate (43) at a position where the ice crushing cone (44) is disposed, one end of a spring is disposed at the bottom of the through groove, and the other end of the spring is disposed at one end of the ice crushing cone (44). Preferably, the ice crushing plate (43) is made of high carbon steel. Preferably, the ice crushing plate (43) has an uneven structure. Preferably, the surface of the ice crushing plate (43) is covered with a corrosion-resistant coating. Preferably, the thickness of the ice crushing plate (43) gradually decreases from the center to the edge. Preferably, the ice crushing plate (43) and the other end of the cylinder (46) are rotatably connected. Preferably, the ice crushing plate (43) is a hollow structure, and the two ends of the ice crushing plate (43) are open structures. The two inner side surfaces of the ice crushing plate (43) are respectively provided with sliding grooves, and the two sides of the telescopic transverse plate are respectively provided with sliding ribs, and the sliding grooves and the sliding ribs correspond to each other. The telescopic transverse plate is respectively telescopically arranged at the two ends of the ice crushing plate (43) through the sliding ribs cooperating with the sliding grooves, and the sliding ribs and the sliding grooves are fixed by fastening bolts; When in use, the de-icing structure is installed on the ice rescue drone, and the pull rope (4) drives the body (30) to glide back. In the process of driving the person who falls into the water to return to the support platform (3) through the sliding force of the slide plate (28) and the pad cloth (13) on the ice surface and the pulling force of the pull rope (4), the controller starts the cylinder (46), the cylinder (46) extends, and the ice crushing cone (44) cooperates with the snow removal saw teeth (29) to clear the broken ice that appears in front of the sliding route of the drone on the ice surface or water surface, thereby reducing the sliding resistance of the drone, so that the drone can drive the person who falls into the water to quickly return to the support platform (3), thereby improving the rescue efficiency; Example 2

[0013] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: the two side edges of the other side of the ice crushing plate (43) respectively correspond to one side on which the ice guide plate (49) is disposed, and the other side of the ice guide plate (49) is curved in an arc shape in a direction away from the ice crushing plate (43); when in use, the curved ice guide plate (49) can guide the crushed ice or ice chips crushed by the ice crushing cone (44) to move in a direction away from the ice crushing plate (43), thereby reducing the amount of crushed ice or ice chips remaining on the ice crushing plate (43) and improving the deicing efficiency; Example 3

[0014] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: an ice crushing column (50) is arranged on the other side of the ice crushing plate (43), and there are multiple groups of the ice crushing columns (50), and the multiple groups of the ice crushing columns (50) are arranged equidistantly along the width direction of the other side of the ice crushing plate (43); each group of the ice crushing cones (44) is located between two adjacent groups of the ice crushing cones (44), and there are multiple ice crushing columns (50) in each group, and the multiple ice crushing columns (50) are arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the other side of the ice crushing plate (43); a plurality of ice crushing teeth are evenly arranged on the surface of the ice crushing column (50), and the ice crushing teeth are triangular prism structures with the edges facing outwards; when in use, the ice crushing columns (50) cooperate with the ice crushing cones (44) to further improve the deicing efficiency, improve the gliding speed of the UAV, and improve the ice surface rescue efficiency; The angles between the plurality of ice crushing cones (44) and the ice crushing plates (43) in the same group are different, and the lengths of the plurality of ice crushing cones (44) in the same group are designed to be different. A shorter ice crushing cone (44) is suitable for thinner ice crushing, while a longer ice crushing cone (44) can penetrate into thicker ice crushing for crushing, and can crush ice crushing more effectively according to different thicknesses and hardnesses. The ice crushing cones (44) with different angles can cover all angles of ice crushing, ensuring that the ice crushing is crushed comprehensively and evenly, and the de-icing efficiency is higher. The ice crushing cone (44) is designed with a spiral structure, so that the contact area between the ice crushing cone (44) and the crushed ice is larger, and the deicing efficiency is higher; A through groove is formed on the other side of the ice crushing plate (43) at the position where the ice crushing cone (44) is placed, one end of the spring is placed at the bottom of the through groove, and the other end of the spring is placed at one end of the ice crushing cone (44). The elasticity of the spring enables the ice crushing cone (44) to be adaptively adjusted according to the thickness of the ice layer. The compression and release process of the spring can generate an instant impact force, which helps the ice crushing cone (44) to better crush the ice. At the same time, the buffering effect of the spring can reduce the impact force on the ice crushing cone (44) when crushing the ice, thereby reducing the wear and damage of the ice crushing cone (44) and extending the service life of the ice crushing cone (44); The ice crushing plate (43) is designed to be made of high-carbon steel, which can make the ice crushing plate (43) harder, reduce the wear of the ice crushing plate (43) when cleaning the crushed ice, and extend the service life of the ice crushing plate (43); The ice crushing plate (43) is designed with an uneven structure, which can provide more contact points, making ice cubes easier to break and improving de-icing efficiency; The surface of the ice crushing plate (43) is coated with a corrosion-resistant coating, which can reduce the corrosion of the ice crushing plate (43) caused by the humidity of the crushed ice, thereby extending the service life of the ice crushing plate (43); The design of the ice crushing plate (43) gradually decreasing in thickness from the center to the edge can reduce the weight of the ice crushing plate (43), reduce the load-bearing capacity of the drone, and increase the gliding speed; the thicker portion in the center can provide a stronger crushing force, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the crushed ice, and the thinner portion at the edge can more easily penetrate the crushed ice and crush the crushed ice, thereby reducing the contact area with the crushed ice and reducing the impact force on the drone; The ice-crushing plate (43) and the other end of the cylinder (46) are rotatably connected. When the UAV flies to the location where the person falls into the water or after the rescue is completed, the controller controls the cylinder (46) to retract and rotate the ice-crushing plate (43) back to the bottom surface of the frame tail (25), so that it can be easily stored and reduce flight resistance. When the UAV returns to the support platform (3), the controller controls the cylinder (46) to extend, and the ice-crushing plate (43) can automatically adjust the angle according to the angle between it and the ice surface, ensuring that the best contact angle with the ice surface is maintained, which can reduce the sliding resistance of the UAV. At the same time, in the process of cleaning the crushed ice, the maximum contact area with different crushed ice is maintained, which can improve the deicing efficiency. The ice crushing plate (43) is a hollow structure, and both ends of the ice crushing plate (43) are open structures. The two inner side surfaces of the ice crushing plate (43) are respectively provided with sliding grooves, and the two sides of the telescopic transverse plate are respectively provided with sliding ribs, and the sliding grooves correspond to the sliding ribs. The telescopic transverse plate is respectively arranged telescopically at the two ends of the ice crushing plate (43) through the sliding ribs and the sliding grooves. The sliding ribs and the sliding grooves are fixed by fastening bolts, so that the width of the ice crushing plate (43) can be adjusted according to needs, so that the structure of the ice crushing plate (43) is more flexible, and the de-icing efficiency of the ice crushing plate (43) is improved.

[0015] The purpose of clearing the broken ice on the ice surface or water surface by using the ice crushing cone (44) in cooperation with the snow removal saw teeth (29) is achieved, thereby reducing the sliding resistance of the drone and improving the rescue efficiency on the ice surface.

[0016] It should be noted that the drag reduction and de-icing structure is only applicable to the following ice rescue drones: The ice rescue drone of the present invention is realized as follows: The ice rescue drone of the present invention is composed of a flight component, a drive component, a pull rope (4) component, a storage component and a sliding component. The flight assembly is composed of a frame (33), a frame head (15), a frame tail (25), a frame middle (8), a frame wing (6), a float (7), a first screw (23), an L-shaped fixing plate (24), a lighting lamp (17) and a first handle (14). The frame (33) comprises three parts: a frame head (15), a frame tail (25) and a frame middle part (8), wherein two ends of the frame middle part (8) are respectively provided with one end of the frame head (15) and one end of the frame tail (25). The frame (33) is a hollow structure, and the edge of the frame (33) is an arc-shaped inwardly concave structure. The four corners of the frame (33) are respectively provided with frame wings (6), and the frame wings (6) are arc-shaped structures. A group of L-shaped fixing plates (24) are respectively disposed on both sides of the middle portion (8) of the frame, and each group includes two L-shaped fixing plates (24). The two L-shaped fixing plates (24) in the same group are respectively disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the middle portion (8) of the frame by means of a plurality of first screws (23). Floating bodies (7) are respectively disposed on both sides of the middle portion (8) of the frame. The floating bodies (7) are U-shaped structures. Both ends of the floating bodies (7) are respectively connected to two L-shaped fixing plates (24) in the same group. Illuminating lamps (17) are respectively disposed on both sides of the top surface of the frame head (15). The first handle (14) is placed at the other end of the frame head (15). Preferably, the first handle (14) has anti-slip grooves. The driving assembly is composed of a body (30), a frame rod (32), a second motor (37), a waterproof housing (38), a first rotating shaft (10), a flying fan blade (11), a protective net (5), a ring (16), an air guide hole (9), a camera (35) and a speaker (34). The frame (33) is placed on the top surface of the body (30); the body (30) is a hollow structure; the length of the body (30) is smaller than the length of the frame (33); the width of the body (30) is smaller than the width of the frame (33); The frame wings (6) are respectively provided with air guide holes (9). The top surfaces of the frame wings (6) are respectively provided with circular rings (16), and the inner side edges of the circular rings (16) are connected to the edge of one end of the air guide through hole (9). A protective net (5) is disposed on the inner side of the circular ring (16), and an edge of the protective net (5) is connected to an edge of the inner side of the circular ring (16). One end of a frame rod (32) is disposed at each of the four corners of the machine body (30), and the other end of the frame rod (32) is located directly below the other end of the air guide hole (9). The waterproof housing (38) is embedded in a through hole opened on the top surface of the other end of the frame rod (32). The second motor (37) is placed in the waterproof housing (38). One end of the first rotating shaft (10) passes through a through hole opened on the top surface of the waterproof housing (38) and is connected to the motor shaft of the second motor (37). The middle portion of the flying blade (11) is sleeved onto the other end of the first rotating shaft (10) through the through hole. A camera (35) is disposed at one end of the body (30), the camera (35) is close to the first handle (14), and a pressure sensor is disposed on the first handle (14). A speaker (34) is disposed at one end of the machine body (30). The pull rope (4) assembly is composed of a limit plate (1), a limit column (2), a support platform (3), a pull rope (4), a first motor (21), a second rotating shaft (22), an electric telescopic rod (26), and an L-shaped rope limit plate (27). The supporting platform (3) is a U-shaped structure. A limiting column (2) is disposed on the top surface of one side of the support platform (3), and a first motor (21) is disposed on the top surface of the other side of the support platform (3). Two limit plates (1) are located between the limit column (2) and the first motor (21), wherein one of the limit plates (1) is connected to the limit column (2), and the other limit plate (1) is connected to the first motor (21). One end of the second rotating shaft (22) is placed in the middle of one of the limiting plates (1) via a bearing, and the other end of the second rotating shaft (22) passes through a through hole opened in the middle of the other limiting plate (1) and is connected to the motor shaft of the first motor (21), and a bearing is placed between the second rotating shaft and the other limiting plate (1). One end of the pull rope (4) is wound around a side surface of the second rotating shaft (22). One end of an L-shaped rope limiting plate (27) is placed at the other end of the machine body (30), and the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27) is close to the frame tail (25). One end of the electric telescopic rod (26) is placed at the other end of the machine body (30) and is located above the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27). The other end of the electric telescopic rod (26) is in contact with the side surface of the other end of the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27). The other end of the pull rope (4) is sleeved on the other end side of the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27). The storage assembly is composed of a limit plate (20), a rectangular opening (19) and a box body (18). The box body (18) is placed in the middle of the top surface of the frame (33), and the box body (18) is a structure with an open top surface. Limiting plates (20) are respectively disposed on both sides of the top surface of the box body (18), and both ends and one side of the limiting plates (20) are respectively connected to the edges of the top surface of the box body (18). A rectangular opening (19) is provided between the other sides of the two limiting plates (20). The sliding assembly is composed of a slide plate (28), snow removal saw teeth (29), a slide plate groove (39), a second screw (40), a third rotating shaft (36), a magnet (12), a pad cloth (13) and an iron sheet (31). The slide plate (28) comprises four parts, namely, two vertical slide plates (28) and two horizontal slide plates (28). Two horizontal slide plates (28) are arranged between the two vertical slide plates (28). The bottom surfaces of the two transverse slide plates (28) correspond to the slide plate grooves (39). A plurality of second screws (40) are equidistantly arranged in the slide plate groove (39), and the transverse slide plate (28) is detachably arranged at two ends of the bottom surface of the machine body (30) by means of the plurality of second screws (40). The length of the transverse sliding plate (28) is greater than the width of the machine body (30). The side surface of the transverse slide plate (28) is provided with snow-removing saw teeth (29), the snow-removing saw teeth (29) are triangular prism structures, and the edges face the frame tail (25). Preferably, there are a plurality of snow-removing saw teeth (29), and the plurality of snow-removing saw teeth (29) are arranged at equal distances along the side of the transverse sliding plate (28). The two ends of the third rotating shaft (36) are respectively placed on the sides of the two vertical slide plates (28) through bearings, and the third rotating shaft (36) is close to the frame head (15). One end of the pad cloth (13) is placed on the side of the third rotating shaft (36), and a magnet (12) is placed on the top surface of the other end of the pad cloth (13). An iron sheet (31) is disposed on the bottom surface of the pad cloth (13), and the iron sheet (31) corresponds to the magnet (12). Preferably, the pad (13) is made of a buoyant body (7) having a density less than that of water. Preferably, the ice rescue drone further comprises a control system, which comprises a monitoring background, a signal converter, a data processor and a controller. The signal converter is placed on the supporting platform (3), the data processor is placed on the supporting platform (3), and the controller is placed on the supporting platform (3). The camera (35) and the pressure sensor are connected to the signal converter via a data line. The electric telescopic rod (26), the lighting lamp (17), the speaker (34), the first motor (21), the second motor (37), and the cylinder (46) are respectively connected to the controller via data transmission lines. The controller and the monitoring background establish signal interaction, The signal converter is connected to the data processor via a data transmission line, and the data processor is connected to the controller via a data transmission line. The signal converter is capable of converting the electrical signal of the image data collected by the camera (35) into a digital signal. The controller can be implemented by one or at least two application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components for executing instructions of the data processing device. The data processor and the signal converter perform information exchange, When the control system is executed, the following steps are mainly implemented: The support platform (3) is installed on a river bank, and the pad cloth (13) is stored on the bottom surface of the machine body (30) by the adsorption force of the magnet (12) and the iron sheet (31). When the monitoring background receives an alarm call indicating that someone has fallen into the water, the position of the person who has fallen into the water and the distance to the support platform (3) are determined, and a flight route for the outbound trip and a glide route for the return trip are set for the machine body (30). The control controller starts the first motor (21) and the second motor (37), and the first motor (21) drives the second rotating shaft (22) to rotate, the second rotating shaft (22) drives the pull rope (4) to rotate, the second motor (37) drives the first rotating shaft (10) to rotate, the first rotating shaft (10) drives the flying blades to rotate, and the flying blades ( 11) drives the body (30) and the pull rope (4) to fly to the position where the person falls into the water according to the preset outbound flight route, the camera (35) collects image data of the ice surface, and sends the collected image data signal to the signal converter, the signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received image data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor, the data processor processes the digital signal of the received image data, identifies the brightness value in the image data, and when the brightness value of the image is lower than the preset brightness value, sends an execution instruction to the controller, the controller controls the lighting lamp (17) to start, and when the body (30) approaches the water surface position where the person falls into the water, the controller controls the first motor ( 21) and the second motor (37) are stopped, the horn (34) is started, the machine body (30) floats on the water surface through the floats (7) on both sides, the monitoring background reminds the person who falls into the water to grab the first handle (14), open and climb onto the mat (13) through the horn (34), when there are multiple people who fall into the water, after a person who falls into the water grabs the first handle (14), he can take out the life-saving equipment such as the life-saving ball and the life-saving buoy stored in the box (18) and throw them to other people who fall into the water to provide support for them, the pressure sensor collects the pressure data on the first handle (14), sends the collected pressure data signal to the signal converter, and the signal converter converts the received pressure data signal into an electrical signal The pressure data is converted into a digital signal and sent to a data processor. The data processor processes the digital signal of the received pressure data. When the pressure data is greater than the preset pressure data, it indicates that the person who has fallen into the water has grasped the first handle (14). The controller sends an execution instruction. The controller controls the first motor (21) to start. The first motor (21) drives the second rotating shaft (22) to rotate. The second rotating shaft (22) drives the pull rope (4) to rotate. The pull rope (4) drives the body (30) to slide along a preset return route. The sliding force of the slide plate (28) and the pad (13) on the ice surface and the pulling force of the pull rope (4) drive the person who has fallen into the water to return to the support platform (3), thereby completing the rescue of the person who has fallen into the water. Example 2

[0017] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a second handle (41) is arranged on the side of the floating body (7), and there are two second handles (41), and the two second handles (41) correspond to the floating body (7) one by one. When in use, a person who falls into the water can obtain support by grasping the second handle (41) and climb onto the ice surface, or can return to the support platform (3) driven by the body (30) through the sliding force on the ice surface and the pulling force of the pull rope (4) to obtain rescue. The second handle (41) cooperates with the first handle (14), so that the drone can rescue multiple people who fall into the water at the same time, and the rescue efficiency is higher. Example 3

[0018] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: the vertical sliding plate (28) is replaced by a wide sliding plate (42), and the width of the wide sliding plate (42) is greater than the width of the vertical sliding plate (28); when in use, the contact area between the wide sliding plate (42) and the ice surface is larger, thereby improving the gliding stability of the drone during the return journey and reducing the possibility of the drone sliding back and forth or tipping over due to the slippery ice surface, causing injuries to people falling into the water and damage to the drone; The first handle (14) is provided with anti-slip grooves, which can effectively increase the gripping force between the person who falls into the water and the first handle (14), ensuring that the person who falls into the water firmly grasps the first handle (14), thereby reducing the risk of falling into the water again and the risk of falling from the mat (13) onto the ice surface during the sliding process of returning to the support platform (3); One end of the electric telescopic rod (26) is placed at the other end of the body (30) and is located above the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27). The other end of the electric telescopic rod (26) is in contact with the side surface of the other end of the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27). The other end of the pull rope (4) is sleeved on the side surface of the other end of the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27). When the drone performs ice rescue, the other end of the pull rope (4) is limited by the squeezing force between the electric telescopic rod (26) and the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27), so that the other end of the pull rope (4) is tightly fixed on the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27), thereby reducing the sliding of the other end of the pull rope (4) on the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27) and preventing the other end of the pull rope (4) from falling off the L-shaped rope limiting plate (27). There are a plurality of snow-removing saw teeth (29), and the plurality of snow-removing saw teeth (29) are arranged equidistantly along the side of the transverse sliding plate (28). When the machine body (30) slides on the ice surface via the sliding plate (28) to return to the support platform (3), there may be broken ice on the ice surface. When the transverse sliding plate (28) slides forward, the snow-removing saw teeth (29) can clear the broken ice, thereby reducing sliding resistance, so that the machine body (30) can drive the person who falls into the water to quickly return to the support platform (3), thereby improving the rescue efficiency. The pad (13) is designed to be made of a light floating body (7) with a density less than that of water, and can float on the water surface when the machine body (30) falls on the water surface to rescue a person who has fallen into the water, thereby increasing the buoyancy of the machine body (30) and providing support for the person who has fallen into the water, thereby improving the rescue efficiency; in the process of moving the person who has fallen into the water to the support platform (3), the pad (13) can prevent the person who has fallen into the water from being injured by friction caused by direct contact between the body of the person who has fallen into the water and the ice surface; The design of the storage component can store life-saving equipment such as life-saving balls and life buoys in advance in the box (18). When there are many people in the water and the drone cannot rescue them at the same time, it can provide effective support for other people in the water, thereby minimizing casualties; The driving assembly, the pull rope (4) assembly and the sliding assembly are designed to cooperate with each other. When a person who falls into the water contacts the first handle (14), the pulling force of the pull rope (4) driven by the first motor (21) and the sliding force of the slide plate (28) driven by the second motor (37) are used. The dual power can quickly move the person who falls into the water to the position of the support platform (3), thereby improving the rescue efficiency.

[0019] The purpose of the drone for ice rescue is achieved by being able to drive the drone to fly to the location where the person fell into the water through the driving component, and to drive the person who fell into the water back to the support platform (3) through the pull rope (4) component and the sliding component.

[0020] After considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will easily think of other similar embodiments of the present invention. This application is intended to cover any modified uses or adaptive changes of the present invention. These modifications or uses, applicability changes follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the technical field that are not disclosed in the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the specific implementation mode of the present invention describes the data processing process of the controller as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited to the described actions, because according to the present invention, certain steps can be performed sequentially or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the actions described and involved in the specification are not necessarily required by the present invention. The described contents are only preferred implementation cases of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation modes and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A drag reduction and deicing structure for an ice rescue drone, characterized by: The invention comprises a body, a frame, a frame head, a frame tail, a frame middle part, an ice crushing plate, an ice crushing cone, a hanging plate, a cylinder, a fixed plate and a fixed block. The frame comprises a frame head, a frame tail and a frame middle part. Two ends of the frame middle part correspond to one end of the frame head and one end of the frame tail respectively. The frame is placed on the top surface of the body. The body is a hollow structure. The length of the body is less than the length of the frame, and the width of the body is less than the width of the frame. Fixed plates are respectively placed on two side surfaces of the body, and fixed blocks are respectively placed on two sides of the bottom surface of the frame tail. One end of the hanging plate is placed on the bottom surface of the fixed block, one end of the cylinder is placed on the fixed plate, and the other end of the cylinder passes through a through hole opened on the other end of the hanging plate and is placed on one side surface of the ice crushing plate. A U-shaped rope passing opening is opened on the ice crushing plate, and an ice crushing cone is placed on the other side surface of the ice crushing plate.

2. The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to claim 1 is characterized in that The two side edges of the other side of the ice crushing plate correspond to one side of the ice guide plate, and the other side of the ice guide plate is curved in an arc shape in a direction away from the ice crushing plate.

3. The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to claim 1 is characterized in that Ice crushing columns are arranged on the other side of the ice crushing plate. There are multiple groups of ice crushing columns, which are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the other side of the ice crushing plate. Each group of ice crushing cones is located between two adjacent groups of ice crushing cones. There are multiple ice crushing columns in each group, and the multiple ice crushing columns are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the other side of the ice crushing plate. Multiple ice crushing teeth are evenly arranged on the surface of the ice crushing columns, and the ice crushing teeth are triangular prism structures with the edges facing outwards.

4. The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to claim 1 is characterized in that A connection line between the fixing plate and the fixing block is parallel to a length direction of the machine body.

5. The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to claim 1 is characterized in that The outer diameter of the ice crushing cone gradually decreases from one end connected to the ice crushing plate to the other end. There are multiple groups of ice crushing cones, which are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the ice crushing plate. There are multiple ice crushing cones in each group, and the multiple ice crushing cones are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the ice crushing plate.

6. The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to claim 5 is characterized in that The angles between the ice crushing cones and the ice crushing plates in the same group are different, and the lengths of the ice crushing cones in the same group are different. A shorter ice crushing cone is suitable for thinner ice crushing, while a longer ice crushing cone can penetrate into thicker ice for crushing, and can crush ice of different thicknesses and hardnesses more effectively. Ice crushing cones with different angles can cover all angles of crushed ice, ensuring that the crushed ice is crushed comprehensively and evenly, and the ice removal efficiency is higher; the ice crushing cone has a spiral structure, the contact area between the ice crushing cone and the crushed ice is larger, and the ice removal efficiency is higher.

7. The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to claim 1 is characterized in that A through groove is formed on the other side of the ice crushing plate at the position where the ice crushing cone is placed, one end of the spring is placed at the bottom of the through groove, and the other end of the spring is placed at one end of the ice crushing cone. The elasticity of the spring enables the ice crushing cone to be adaptively adjusted according to the thickness of the ice layer. The compression and release process of the spring can generate instantaneous impact force, which helps the ice crushing cone to better crush ice. At the same time, the buffering effect of the spring can reduce the impact force on the ice crushing cone when crushing ice, thereby reducing the wear and damage of the ice crushing cone and extending the service life of the ice crushing cone. The ice crushing plate is made of high-carbon steel.

8. The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to claim 7 is characterized in that The ice crushing plate has an uneven structure, which can provide more contact points, making ice easier to break and improving ice removal efficiency; the surface of the ice crushing plate is covered with a corrosion-resistant coating, and the thickness of the ice crushing plate gradually decreases from the center to the edge, which can reduce the weight of the ice crushing plate, reduce the load-bearing capacity of the drone, and increase the gliding speed; the thicker part in the center can provide a stronger crushing force, improve the cleaning effect of the crushed ice, and the thinner part at the edge is easier to penetrate into the crushed ice, crush the crushed ice, and reduce the contact area with the crushed ice, thereby reducing the impact force on the drone.

9. The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to claim 8, characterized in that The ice-crushing plate is rotatably connected to the other end of the cylinder. When the UAV flies to the falling position of the drowning person or after the rescue is completed, the controller controls the cylinder to contract and rotate the ice-crushing plate to the bottom surface of the tail of the frame, which can be easily stored and reduce the flight resistance. When the UAV returns to the supporting platform, the controller controls the cylinder to extend, and the ice-crushing plate can automatically adjust the angle according to the angle between the ice surface and the ice surface to ensure that the best contact angle with the ice surface is maintained, which can reduce the sliding resistance of the UAV. At the same time, in the process of cleaning the crushed ice, the maximum contact area with different crushed ice is maintained, which can improve the deicing efficiency. The ice-crushing plate is a hollow structure, and the two ends of the ice-crushing plate are open structures. The two inner sides of the ice-crushing plate are respectively provided with sliding grooves, and the two sides of the telescopic cross plate are respectively provided with sliding ribs, and the sliding grooves correspond to the sliding ribs. The two telescopic cross plates are respectively arranged at the two ends of the ice-crushing plate through the sliding ribs and the sliding grooves, and the sliding ribs and the sliding grooves are fixed by fastening bolts.

10. The drag reduction and deicing structure of an ice rescue drone according to claim 1, characterized in that The ice rescue drone described is composed of a flight component, a drive component, a pull rope component, a storage component and a sliding component. The flight component is composed of a frame, a frame head, a frame tail, a frame middle, a frame wing, a float, a first screw, an L-shaped fixing plate, a lighting lamp and a first handle. The frame includes three parts: a frame head, a frame tail and a frame middle. The two ends of the middle of the frame are respectively corresponding to one end of the frame head and one end of the frame tail. The frame is a hollow structure, and the edge of the frame is an arc-shaped inwardly concave structure. The four corners of the frame are respectively corresponding to the frame wings. The frame wings are arc-shaped structures. A group of L-shaped fixing plates are respectively corresponding to the two sides of the middle of the frame. There are two L-shaped fixing plates in each group, and the L-shaped fixing plates in the same group The two L-shaped fixing plates are respectively placed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the middle part of the frame through a plurality of first screws, and floating bodies are respectively placed on both sides of the middle part of the frame, and the floating body is a U-shaped structure, and the two ends of the floating body are respectively connected to the two L-shaped fixing plates in the same group, and lighting lamps are respectively placed on both sides of the top surface of the frame head, and a first handle is placed at the other end of the frame head, and the first handle has anti-slip grooves, and the driving assembly consists of a body, a frame rod, a second motor, a waterproof shell, a first rotating shaft, a flying fan blade, a protective net, a ring, an air guide perforation, a camera and a speaker, and the frame is placed on the top surface of the body, and the body is a hollow structure, the length of the body is less than the length of the frame, and the width of the body is less than The width of the frame, the frame wings are respectively provided with air guide holes, the top surfaces of the frame wings are respectively provided with circular rings, the inner side edge of the circular ring is connected to the edge of one end of the air guide hole, the inner side of the circular ring is provided with a protective net, the edge of the protective net is connected to the inner side edge of the circular ring, the four corners of the body are respectively provided with one end of a frame rod, the other end of the frame rod is located directly below the other end of the air guide hole, the waterproof shell is embedded in the through hole opened on the top surface of the other end of the frame rod, the second motor is placed in the waterproof shell, one end of the first rotating shaft passes through the through hole opened on the top surface of the waterproof shell and is connected to the motor shaft of the second motor, and the middle part of the flight fan blade is placed through the through hole sleeve The other end of the first rotating shaft, one end of the body is provided with a camera, the camera is close to the first handle, the first handle is provided with a pressure sensor, one end of the body is provided with a speaker, the pull rope assembly is composed of a limit plate, a limit column, a support platform, a pull rope, a first motor, a second rotating shaft, an electric telescopic rod and an L-shaped rope limit plate, the support platform is a U-shaped structure, a limit column is provided on the top surface of one side of the support platform, and a first motor is provided on the top surface of the other side of the support platform, two limit plates are located between the limit column and the first motor, one of the limit plates is connected to the limit column, and the other limit plate is connected to the first motor, and one end of the second rotating shaft is placed in the middle of one of the limit plates through a bearing,The other end of the second rotating shaft passes through a through hole opened in the middle of the other limiting plate and is connected to the motor shaft of the first motor, and a bearing is placed between the other limiting plate, one end of the pull rope is wrapped around the side of the second rotating shaft, one end of the L-shaped rope limiting plate is placed on the other end of the body, the L-shaped rope limiting plate is close to the tail of the frame, one end of the electric telescopic rod is placed on the other end of the body, and is located above the L-shaped rope limiting plate, the other end of the electric telescopic rod is in contact with the side of the other end of the L-shaped rope limiting plate, the other end of the pull rope is placed on the side of the other end of the L-shaped rope limiting plate, the storage assembly is composed of a limiting plate, a rectangular opening and a box body, the box body is placed in the middle of the top surface of the frame, and the box body is a top surface opening The structure of the opening, the two sides of the top surface of the box body are respectively provided with limit plates, the two ends and one side of the limit plates are respectively connected to the edges of the top surface of the box body, and a rectangular opening is arranged between the other sides of the two limit plates, the sliding assembly is composed of a slide plate, snow removal saw teeth, a slide plate groove, a second screw, a third rotating shaft, a magnet, a pad and an iron sheet, the slide plate includes four parts: two vertical slide plates and two horizontal slide plates, two horizontal slide plates are arranged between the two vertical slide plates, the bottom surfaces of the two horizontal slide plates respectively correspond to the slide plate grooves, a plurality of second screws are equidistantly arranged in the slide plate grooves, the horizontal slide plate is detachably arranged at the two ends of the bottom surface of the body through the plurality of second screws, the length of the horizontal slide plate is greater than the width of the body, The side of the horizontal slide board is provided with snow-removing saw teeth, and the snow-removing saw teeth are of triangular prism structure, and the edges are toward the tail of the frame. There are multiple snow-removing saw teeth, and the multiple snow-removing saw teeth are arranged equidistantly along the side of the horizontal slide board. The two ends of the third rotating shaft are respectively placed on the sides of the two vertical slide boards through bearings, and the third rotating shaft is close to the head of the frame. One end of the pad cloth is placed on the side of the third rotating shaft, and the top surface of the other end of the pad cloth is provided with a magnet, and the bottom surface of the pad cloth is provided with an iron sheet, and the iron sheet corresponds to the magnet. The pad cloth is made of a light floating material with a density less than that of water. The ice rescue drone also includes a control system, which includes a monitoring background, a signal converter, a data processor and a controller. The signal converter is placed on the support platform, the data processor is placed on the support platform, the controller is placed on the support platform, the camera and the pressure sensor are connected to the signal converter via a data line, the electric telescopic rod, the lighting lamp, the speaker, the first motor, the second motor, and the cylinder are respectively connected to the controller via a data transmission line, the controller and the monitoring background establish signal interaction, the signal converter is connected to the data processor via a data transmission line, the data processor is connected to the controller via a data transmission line, and the signal converter can convert the electrical signal of the image data collected by the camera into a digital signal.The controller can be implemented by one or at least two application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components, and is used to execute instructions of a data processing device. The data processor and the signal converter exchange information. When the control system is executed, the following steps are mainly implemented: the support platform is installed on the river bank, and the pad is stored on the bottom of the machine body through the adsorption force of magnets and iron sheets. When the monitoring background receives an alarm call that someone has fallen into the water, the position of the person who has fallen into the water and the distance to the support platform are determined, and the outbound flight is set for the machine body. The first motor drives the second shaft to rotate, the second shaft drives the pull rope to rotate, the second motor drives the first shaft to rotate, the first shaft drives the flying blades to rotate, the flying blades drive the fuselage and the pull rope to fly to the falling position of the person who fell into the water according to the preset outbound flight route, the camera collects image data of the ice surface, and sends the collected image data signal to the signal converter, the signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received image data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor, the data processor processes the digital signal of the received image data and identifies the brightness in the image data. When the brightness value of the image is lower than the preset brightness value, an execution instruction is sent to the controller, and the controller controls the lighting to start. When the machine body is close to the water surface where the person who falls into the water is located, the controller controls the first motor and the second motor to stop, the horn is started, and the machine body floats on the water surface through the floats on both sides. The monitoring background reminds the person who falls into the water to grab the first handle through the horn, open it and climb onto the mat. When there are multiple people who fall into the water, after a person who falls into the water grabs the first handle, he can take out the life-saving equipment such as the life-saving ball and life buoy stored in the box and throw them to other people who fall into the water to provide support for them. The pressure sensor collects the pressure data on the first handle and sends the collected data to the The pressure data signal is sent to the signal converter, which converts the electrical signal of the received pressure data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor. The data processor processes the digital signal of the received pressure data. When the pressure data is greater than the preset pressure data, it indicates that the person who falls into the water has grasped the first handle, and sends an execution instruction to the controller. The controller controls the first motor to start, the first motor drives the second shaft to rotate, the second shaft drives the pull rope to rotate, and the pull rope drives the body to slide along the preset return route. The sliding force of the skateboard and the mat on the ice surface and the pulling force of the pull rope drive the person who falls into the water to return to the support platform, completing the rescue of the person who falls into the water.

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