Warning methods and systems for sudden unloading operations of cranes and cranes

Abstract

This invention provides a method and system for warning of sudden unloading operations by a crane, and a crane in general. The method includes: acquiring the crane's load weight; determining whether a sudden unloading operation has occurred based on the rate of change of the load weight during unloading; acquiring specific parameters related to boom swing; determining whether an unauthorized unloading operation has occurred based on whether these parameters exceed a preset range during the sudden unloading operation; and issuing a corresponding alarm message when an unauthorized unloading operation is determined. This method can warn the operator when an unauthorized unloading operation occurs, reminding the operator to avoid repeating the violation, thereby improving the crane's service life and operational safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crane technology, and in particular to a method and system for warning of sudden unloading operations of a crane, and a crane. Background Technology

[0002] Cranes are a common type of construction machinery. As the lifting capacity of cranes increases and the lifting conditions become more complex, the safety of crane operation becomes increasingly important.

[0003] In actual crane use, operators sometimes violate the operating manual's requirements by connecting external devices, such as grab buckets or draglines, to perform continuous sudden unloading or swaying operations. Sudden unloading refers to separating the load from the hook before it has been placed in the designated position, causing the load to fall prematurely. This results in the boom rebounding violently and swaying back and forth, leading to premature fatigue failure of some crane components. In severe cases, it can cause the boom to break or even the entire crane to overturn. Therefore, it is necessary to warn operators when they engage in unauthorized sudden unloading operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for warning of sudden unloading operations by a crane, and a crane in general, in order to solve or at least partially solve the shortcomings of the prior art. This method for warning of sudden unloading operations by a crane can provide a warning when a crane is unloading in violation of regulations.

[0005] This invention provides a method for warning of sudden unloading operations by a crane, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the crane's lifting weight and determine whether the crane has engaged in sudden unloading operations based on the rate of change of the lifting weight when unloading heavy objects.

[0007] Obtain specific parameters related to boom swing, and determine whether the crane has engaged in unauthorized unloading operations based on whether these specific parameters exceed a preset range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation.

[0008] When it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations, the control alarm unit will issue a corresponding alarm message.

[0009] Furthermore, the acquisition of the crane's lifting weight, and the determination of whether the crane has undergone a sudden unloading operation based on the rate of change of the lifting weight during unloading, specifically includes:

[0010] The system acquires the crane's load weight M1 when the crane is empty, the crane's load weight M2 when it is lifting a heavy object, and the crane's load weight M when it is unloading a heavy object. When the crane is unloading a heavy object, if M decreases from M2 to less than or equal to M1 within a preset time, it is determined that the crane has suddenly unloaded the object.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific parameter is the tension of the boom by the luffing system of the crane; if the tension of the boom by the luffing system exceeds the preset tension range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation, it is determined that the crane has performed an illegal unloading operation.

[0012] Furthermore, during a sudden unloading operation of the crane, when the luffing system exerts a tension T on the boom... f If the value exceeds T1±ΔT, it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations; where T1 is the tension of the boom exerted by the luffing system on the crane in the empty hook state, and ΔT is the safe value for tension fluctuation.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific parameter is the swing amplitude of the boom, which includes the sway of the boom and / or the swing angle of the boom; if the swing amplitude of the boom exceeds the preset swing amplitude range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation, it is determined that the crane has performed an illegal unloading operation.

[0014] Furthermore, when it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations, the crane's control system is locked; and based on a forced release signal, the lock on the control system is released.

[0015] The present invention also provides a crane sudden unloading operation warning system applied to the above method, the crane sudden unloading operation warning system comprising:

[0016] A load capacity detection device is used to detect operating parameters related to the load capacity of a crane.

[0017] Boom sway detection device, used to detect specific parameters related to boom sway;

[0018] An alarm unit is used to send alarm information;

[0019] The control unit is connected to the load weight detection device, the boom swing detection device, and the alarm unit, respectively.

[0020] The control unit is used to calculate the crane's load capacity based on the operating parameters, determine whether the crane is suddenly unloading based on the rate of change of the load capacity when unloading heavy objects, determine whether the crane is illegally unloading based on whether the specific parameters exceed the preset range when the crane is suddenly unloading, and control the alarm unit to issue corresponding alarm information when it is determined that the crane is illegally unloading.

[0021] Furthermore, the load weight detection device includes a torque limiter, which is used to detect the tension of the luffing system on the boom;

[0022] The boom sway detection device is the torque limiter; or, the boom sway detection device is a swing amplitude detection device, which is used to detect the sway amount of the boom and / or the swing angle of the boom.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0024] A forced unlock button is used to generate a forced release signal based on user operation, and the control unit is connected to the forced unlock button;

[0025] When the control unit determines that the crane has engaged in an unauthorized unloading operation, the control unit also locks the crane's control system; and after receiving the forced release signal generated by the forced unlock button, the control unit unlocks the control system.

[0026] The present invention also provides a crane, including the crane sudden unloading operation warning system described above.

[0027] The crane sudden unloading warning method provided by this invention determines whether a sudden unloading operation has occurred by the crane based on the rate of change of the load weight during unloading. It also determines whether an illegal unloading operation has occurred by checking whether specific parameters of the crane exceed preset ranges during the sudden unloading operation. When an illegal unloading operation is detected, the control alarm unit issues a corresponding alarm message to warn the operator that the current operation is illegal and to remind the operator to avoid repeating the illegal operation, thereby improving the crane's service life and operational safety. Furthermore, this method can eliminate situations where a sudden unloading operation occurs but is not an illegal unloading operation, avoiding frequent alarms that negatively impact the operator's experience without affecting (or minimally affecting) the crane's service life and operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the crane structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the control logic of the control unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the crane sudden unloading operation warning method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the tension of the luffing system on the boom and time during normal unloading operations of a crane in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the tension of the luffing system on the boom and time during an unloading operation of a crane in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0034] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0035] The directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," and "bottom" (if present) used in the specification and claims of this invention are defined by the position of the structures in the drawings and the relative positions of the structures, and are only for the clarity and convenience of expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for warning of sudden unloading of a crane, including:

[0037] Obtain the lifting weight of the crane, and determine whether the crane has suddenly unloaded the load based on how quickly the lifting weight changes when the crane is unloading the load 7 (i.e. the load).

[0038] Obtain specific parameters related to the swing of boom 4, and determine whether the crane has engaged in unauthorized unloading operation based on whether the specific parameters exceed the preset range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation.

[0039] When it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations, the control alarm unit 83 issues a corresponding alarm message.

[0040] The crane sudden unloading warning method provided in this embodiment of the invention determines whether the crane has engaged in sudden unloading based on the rate of change of the load weight 7 during unloading. It also determines whether the crane has engaged in illegal unloading based on whether specific parameters exceed preset ranges during the sudden unloading operation. When illegal unloading is detected, the control alarm unit 83 issues a corresponding alarm message to warn the operator that the current operation is illegal and to remind the operator to avoid repeating the illegal operation, thereby improving the crane's service life and operational safety. Furthermore, this method can eliminate situations where sudden unloading occurs but is not illegal (e.g., when suddenly unloading a small object), avoiding frequent alarms that negatively impact the operator's experience without affecting (or minimally affecting) the crane's service life and operational safety.

[0041] Sudden unloading refers to the premature separation of the load 7 from the hook 6 before it is placed in the designated position, causing the load 7 to fall. If the load 7 is heavy, sudden unloading will cause the boom 4 to rebound violently and swing back and forth, leading to premature fatigue failure of some crane components. In severe cases, it may even cause the boom 4 to break or the entire crane to overturn. In this case, the current working condition must be determined as an illegal unloading operation. When the weight of the load 7 is relatively small compared to the crane's maximum rated lifting capacity, for example, if the crane's maximum rated lifting capacity is 50 tons and the weight of the load 7 is 100 kg, then sudden unloading will have almost no impact on the crane. The swing amplitude of the crane's boom 4 will be very small, so the current working condition can be determined as a normal unloading operation (i.e., not an illegal unloading operation).

[0042] The main difficulties in determining whether a crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations are: 1. How to determine when a sudden unloading operation occurs (that is, how to distinguish a sudden unloading operation from a normal unloading operation); 2. How to determine whether a sudden unloading operation poses a hazard or risk to the crane.

[0043] Regarding the first point above, this embodiment determines whether a sudden unloading operation has occurred by obtaining the crane's lifting weight and analyzing the rate of change in the lifting weight when the crane is unloading the heavy object 7. This step specifically includes:

[0044] The crane's lifting weight M1 when the hook is empty, the crane's lifting weight M2 when it is lifting the load 7 (M2 equals M1 plus the weight of the load 7), and the crane's lifting weight M when it is unloading the load 7 are obtained respectively. When the crane is unloading the load 7, if M decreases from M2 to less than or equal to M1 within a preset time (a very short time), it is determined that the crane has performed a sudden unloading operation. When the crane is unloading the load 7, if the time taken for M to decrease from M2 to less than or equal to M1 exceeds the preset time, it is determined that the crane has not performed a sudden unloading operation (i.e., it is a normal unloading operation).

[0045] Specifically, M1 refers to the lifting weight when the hook 6 has not yet lifted the load 7, at which point M1 is the sum of the weights of the wire rope 5 and the hook 6; M2 refers to the lifting weight after the hook 6 has lifted the load 7, at which point M2 is the sum of the weights of the wire rope 5, the hook 6, and the load 7.

[0046] The lifting capacity of the crane can be calculated based on the model of the hook 6 (which determines the weight of the hook 6), the ratio and amplitude of the wire rope 5 (the distance between the load 7 and the center of the overall structural component 1), the boom length (i.e., the length of the boom 4), the boom 4 angle (the tilt angle of the boom 4), and the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 (the tension of the luffing system 2 on the top of the boom 4). The model of the hook 6, the ratio and amplitude of the wire rope 5, the boom length, and the boom 4 angle can be obtained through manual input, sensor detection, etc., and the specific method is not limited here. The tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 can be detected by a torque limiter (not shown in the figure). The luffing system 2 is connected to the top of the boom 4 through a sling mechanism 3, which is generally a tension plate. The torque limiter is generally located on the sling mechanism 3 (generally between the tension plate and the top of the boom 4). The parameters and components mentioned above are all existing parameters and components on the crane; the calculation method for the crane's lifting capacity can be found in existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0047] When the crane is unloading, the load will eventually decrease from M2 to M1 (due to the rebound of the boom 4 during unloading, the calculated load may be less than M1). During normal unloading, the hook 6 slowly places the load 7 in the designated position. The time it takes for M to decrease from M2 to less than or equal to M1 is relatively long, generally at least tens of seconds. However, when the crane suddenly unloads, the hook 6 instantly separates from the load 7. At this time, M will change abruptly from M2 to less than or equal to M1 in a very short time. Therefore, by judging the speed at which M decreases from M2 to less than or equal to M1, it is possible to determine whether a sudden unloading operation has occurred. The preset time can be set according to the actual situation. For example, the preset time can be set to be less than or equal to 1 / 10 of the time it takes for M to decrease from M2 to less than or equal to M1 during normal unloading operation (since this embodiment calculates the crane's load weight through a torque limiter, the response time of the torque limiter is generally in the millisecond range; during sudden unloading operation, the sudden change time of M is also the response time of the torque limiter, so the sudden change time of M is extremely short), specifically less than or equal to 2 seconds, less than or equal to 1 second, etc.

[0048] Regarding the second point mentioned above, this embodiment obtains specific parameters related to the swing of boom 4, and determines whether the crane has engaged in illegal unloading operations based on whether these specific parameters exceed a preset range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation.

[0049] In this embodiment, the specific parameter is the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4; wherein, the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 can be detected by the aforementioned torque limiter. When the crane performs a sudden unloading operation, if the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 exceeds the preset tension range, it is determined that the crane has performed an unauthorized unloading operation; if the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 does not exceed the preset tension range, it is determined that the crane has not performed an unauthorized unloading operation.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, when the crane performs a sudden unloading operation, when the luffing system 2 exerts a pulling force T on the boom 4... f If the force exceeds T1±ΔT (i.e., the preset tension range is T1±ΔT), it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations; when the tension T of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4... f If the value does not exceed T1±ΔT, it is determined that the crane has not engaged in any unloading operations in violation of regulations. Here, T1 is the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 when the crane is in an empty hook state (i.e., before the hook 6 has lifted the load 7); ΔT is the safety value for tension fluctuation, which can be set according to actual conditions, for example, by calculation or experimentation using a multibody dynamics simulation model (ΔT is generally related to the boom length).

[0051] Specifically, when the crane is lifting, the weight of the load 7 will cause the luffing system 2, boom 4 and other structural components to undergo elastic deformation and store elastic potential energy. The greater the weight of the load 7, the greater the stored elastic potential energy.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, during normal unloading operations, the crane slowly releases the wire rope 5, thereby slowly placing the heavy object 7 in the designated position. At this time, the elastic potential energy stored in components such as the boom 4 is slowly released, and the tension T exerted by the luffing system 2 on the boom 4... f It will fluctuate within T1±ΔT and stop fluctuating within a short period of time.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, when the crane suddenly unloads the load 7, if the weight of the load 7 is large, the elastic potential energy stored in components such as the boom 4 is large. After the load 7 is suddenly released, the elastic potential energy stored in components such as the boom 4 is released in a very short time, causing the boom 4 to rebound violently and swing back and forth. This affects the lifespan and operational safety of components such as the boom 4, and also causes large fluctuations in the tension value detected by the torque limiter, that is, the tension T of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4. f If the value exceeds T1±ΔT, it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations. When the crane suddenly unloads, if the weight of the load 7 is relatively small, the elastic potential energy stored in components such as the boom 4 is small. Therefore, after the sudden release of the load 7, the swing of the boom 4 is minimal, and it has almost no impact on the lifespan and operational safety of components such as the boom 4. Simultaneously, the fluctuation in the tension value detected by the torque limiter is small, meaning the tension T exerted by the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 is relatively small. f The force will not exceed T1±ΔT, thus determining that the crane has not engaged in unloading operations without authorization. Therefore, it can be determined whether the crane has engaged in unloading operations without authorization by checking whether the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 exceeds the preset tension range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation.

[0054] Figure 4 and Figure 5The schematic diagram showing the relationship between the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 and time is only used to explain the judgment logic of this embodiment. The curve changes and the magnitude of the tension value during actual hoisting may differ, but the principle of the change in tension value after unloading is the same. In the diagram, h0 refers to the moment when the hook 6 is connected and fixed to the load 7 and ready to be hoisted, at which time the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 is T0; between 0 and h0, it refers to the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 from the installation condition to the working condition, which is not shown in the diagram; h1 refers to the moment when the load 7 is hoisted to the designated position and unloading begins, at which time the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 is T; between h0 and h1, the changes in the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 are varied and will not be described in detail here; h2 refers to the moment when the load 7 is completely unloaded and the boom 4 stops swinging, at which time the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 is T1.

[0055] It should be noted that the reason why the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 is not used in this embodiment to determine whether the crane has suddenly unloaded is that: after the crane lifts the load 7, the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 will fluctuate significantly during slewing, luffing and other operations (especially luffing operations); therefore, using the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 to determine whether the crane has suddenly unloaded may result in misjudgment, and may affect the accuracy of use in some working conditions.

[0056] In another embodiment, the specific parameter is the swing amplitude of the boom 4, which includes the yaw amount (i.e., yaw distance) and / or the swing angle of the boom 4. The swing amplitude of the boom 4 can be detected by a swing amplitude detection device (not shown in the figure) (the swing amplitude detection device can specifically be a swing amount detection device, a swing angle detection device, etc.), which is mounted on the boom 4. Preferably, the swing amplitude detection device is located at the top of the boom 4 (i.e., the boom head), that is, the swing amplitude at the top of the boom 4 is detected using the swing amplitude detection device to obtain more accurate swing amplitude data.

[0057] If the swing amplitude of boom 4 exceeds the preset swing amplitude range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation (the preset swing amplitude range can be set according to the actual situation), it is determined that the crane has performed an illegal unloading operation; if the swing amplitude of boom 4 does not exceed the preset swing amplitude range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation, it is determined that the crane has not performed an illegal unloading operation.

[0058] Specifically, during a sudden unloading operation, if the weight of the load 7 is relatively large, the elastic potential energy stored in components such as the boom 4 will be significant. After the load 7 is suddenly released, this stored potential energy will be released in a very short time, causing the boom 4 to rebound violently and swing back and forth. At this point, the swing amplitude detection device will detect that the swing amplitude of the boom 4 exceeds the preset swing amplitude range, thus determining that the crane has engaged in an unauthorized unloading operation. Conversely, if the weight of the load 7 is relatively small, the elastic potential energy stored in components such as the boom 4 will be relatively small. After the load 7 is suddenly released, the swing amplitude of the boom 4 will be smaller, and the swing amplitude detection device will detect that the swing amplitude of the boom 4 does not exceed the preset swing amplitude range, thus determining that the crane has not engaged in an unauthorized unloading operation.

[0059] Of course, in other embodiments, the specific parameters related to the swing of the boom 4 mentioned above can be other parameters, as long as they can reflect the intensity of the swing of the boom 4.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the crane sudden unloading operation warning method further includes:

[0061] When it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations, the crane's control system 85 is locked; and the lock on the control system 85 is released based on a forced release signal.

[0062] Specifically, when it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations without authorization, in order to avoid safety risks caused by operator error after the unloading operation, and to increase the level of warning to the operator, the crane's control system 85 is locked. (In some extreme situations, such as when the crane overturns, locking the crane's control system 85 can also prevent the crane from continuing to operate and escalating the accident.) In this case, the operator needs to press the forced unlock button 84 to generate a forced release signal in order to unlock the control system 85. The control system 85 includes the crane's slewing control system, hook lifting control system, luffing control system, and travel control system. That is, after the control system 85 is locked, the crane cannot perform slewing, hook lifting, luffing, or travel operations.

[0063] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations, after the control alarm unit 83 issues the corresponding alarm information, it also cancels the alarm of the alarm unit 83 based on the alarm cancellation signal. Specifically, after the control alarm unit 83 issues the corresponding alarm information, the operator needs to press the alarm cancellation button (not shown in the figure) to generate an alarm cancellation signal in order to cancel the alarm of the alarm unit 83.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when it is determined that the crane has engaged in an illegal unloading operation, the current operating parameters (including the model of the hook 6, the multiplier, amplitude, boom length, boom angle, luffing system 2 tension on boom 4, etc.) and time are also recorded to facilitate subsequent tracing of the circumstances of the illegal unloading operation.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a crane sudden unloading operation warning system applied to the above-described crane sudden unloading operation warning method. The crane sudden unloading operation warning system includes:

[0066] The load weight detection device 81 is used to detect operating parameters related to the load weight of the crane.

[0067] Boom sway detection device 82 is used to detect specific parameters related to the sway of boom 4;

[0068] Alarm unit 83 is used to send alarm information;

[0069] The control unit 80 is connected (specifically, via electrical signals) to the load weight detection device 81, the boom swing detection device 82, and the alarm unit 83, respectively.

[0070] The control unit 80 is used to calculate the lifting weight of the crane according to the working condition parameters, and to determine whether the crane has suddenly unloaded the load 7 based on the rate of change of the lifting weight. It is also used to determine whether the crane has illegally unloaded the load 7 based on whether the specific parameters exceed the preset range when the crane is suddenly unloading the load 7. When it is determined that the crane has illegally unloaded the load 7, the control unit 80 controls the alarm unit 83 to issue corresponding alarm information.

[0071] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the load weight detection device 81 includes a torque limiter, which is used to detect the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 (i.e., the above-mentioned working condition parameters include the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4); the control unit 80 calculates the load weight of the crane by using the tension detected by the torque limiter and combining it with information such as the model of the hook 6, the ratio of the wire rope 5, the amplitude, the boom length, and the angle of the boom 4.

[0072] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the boom swing detection device 82 is the aforementioned torque limiter, that is, the specific parameter is the tension of the crane's luffing system 2 on the boom 4; the control unit 80 determines whether the crane has engaged in an illegal unloading operation based on whether the tension of the luffing system 2 on the boom 4 exceeds the preset tension range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation. Since the torque limiter is an existing component on the crane, there is no need to install any additional detection devices.

[0073] In another embodiment, the boom sway detection device 82 is a swing amplitude detection device, which is used to detect the sway amount of the boom 4 and / or the swing angle of the boom 4. The control unit 80 determines whether the crane has engaged in illegal unloading operations based on whether the swing amplitude of the boom 4 exceeds a preset swing amplitude range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation.

[0074] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the alarm unit 83 includes a display device (not shown) and an audible and visual alarm (not shown). When it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations, the control unit 80 controls the display device to issue a danger pop-up warning (i.e., display alarm information) and controls the audible and visual alarm to issue an audible and visual alarm. Simultaneously, the alarm unit 83 is also equipped with an alarm cancellation button (not shown). The alarm cancellation button is connected to the control unit 80. When the alarm unit 83 issues the corresponding alarm information, the operator presses the alarm cancellation button to generate an alarm cancellation signal. Upon receiving the alarm cancellation signal, the control unit 80 cancels the alarm of the alarm unit 83.

[0075] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the crane sudden unloading operation warning system also includes:

[0076] The forced unlock button 84 is used to generate a forced release signal based on user operation. The control unit 80 is also connected to the forced unlock button 84 and the crane's control system 85 (specifically, through an electrical signal connection).

[0077] When the control unit 80 determines that the crane has engaged in an unauthorized unloading operation, the control unit 80 also locks the crane's control system 85; and after the operator presses the forced unlock button 84, a forced release signal is generated. After receiving the forced release signal generated by the forced unlock button 84, the control unit 80 unlocks the control system 85.

[0078] The alarm deactivation button and the forced unlock button 84 can be located in the crane's cab. Both can be physical switches or virtual switches. Specifically, the alarm deactivation button and the forced unlock button 84 can be control elements such as buttons, knobs, and virtual buttons located on the crane.

[0079] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the control unit 80 determines that the crane has engaged in an illegal unloading operation, the control unit 80 also records the current operating parameters (including the model of the hook 6, the multiplier, amplitude, boom length, boom angle, luffing system 2 tension on boom 4, etc.) and time, so as to facilitate subsequent tracing of the situation during the illegal unloading operation.

[0080] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the control unit 80 can be an existing control device on the crane or an additional control device.

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a crane, including the crane sudden unloading operation warning system described above. Specifically, the crane can be a crawler crane, a wheeled crane, etc.

[0082] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the crane also includes a complete structural component 1 (specifically including a chassis and a turntable mounted on the chassis), a luffing system 2, a cable tie mechanism 3, a boom 4, a wire rope 5, and a hook 6. The bottom end of the boom 4 is connected to the complete structural component 1. The luffing system 2 is mounted on the complete structural component 1 and is connected to the top end of the boom 4 via the cable tie mechanism 3. One end of the wire rope 5 is connected to a winch (not shown) on the complete structural component 1, and the other end is connected to the hook 6, which is used to lift heavy objects 7. For details regarding the specific structure of the crane, please refer to existing technologies; further details are omitted here.

[0083] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of alerting for sudden unloading operation of a crane, characterized by, include: Obtain the crane's lifting weight and determine whether the crane has engaged in sudden unloading operations based on the rate of change of the lifting weight when unloading heavy objects. The lifting capacity of the crane includes the lifting capacity M1 when the crane is empty, the lifting capacity M2 when the crane is lifting a heavy object, and the lifting capacity M when the crane is unloading a heavy object; when the crane is unloading a heavy object, if M decreases from M2 to less than or equal to M1 within a preset time, it is determined that the crane has suddenly unloaded the object. Obtain specific parameters related to boom swing, and determine whether the crane has engaged in unauthorized unloading operations based on whether these specific parameters exceed a preset range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation. When it is determined that the crane has engaged in unloading operations in violation of regulations, the control alarm unit will issue a corresponding alarm message.

2. The crane sudden unloading operation alerting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific parameter is the tension of the boom by the luffing system of the crane; if the tension of the boom by the luffing system exceeds the preset tension range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation, it is determined that the crane has performed an illegal unloading operation.

3. The crane sudden unloading operation warning method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the crane is suddenly unloaded, the tension T of the luffing system to the boom is f When the tension exceeds T1±ΔT, it is determined that the crane is in a violation of the unloading operation; wherein T1 is the tension of the luffing system to the boom in the empty hook state, and ΔT is the tension fluctuation safety value.

4. The crane sudden unloading operation warning method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific parameter is the swing amplitude of the boom, which includes the sway of the boom and / or the swing angle of the boom; if the swing amplitude of the boom exceeds the preset swing amplitude range when the crane is performing a sudden unloading operation, it is determined that the crane has performed an illegal unloading operation.

5. The crane sudden unloading operation warning method as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, When it is determined that the crane has engaged in unauthorized unloading operations, the crane's control system is locked; and the lock on the control system is released based on a forced release signal.

6. A crane sudden unloading operation warning system applied to the method of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The crane sudden unloading operation warning system includes: A load capacity detection device is used to detect operating parameters related to the load capacity of a crane. Boom sway detection device, used to detect specific parameters related to boom sway; An alarm unit is used to send alarm information; The control unit is connected to the load weight detection device, the boom swing detection device, and the alarm unit, respectively. The control unit is used to calculate the crane's load capacity based on the operating parameters, determine whether the crane is suddenly unloading based on the rate of change of the load capacity when unloading heavy objects, determine whether the crane is illegally unloading based on whether the specific parameters exceed the preset range when the crane is suddenly unloading, and control the alarm unit to issue corresponding alarm information when it is determined that the crane is illegally unloading.

7. The crane sudden unloading operation warning system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The load weight detection device includes a torque limiter, which is used to detect the tension of the luffing system on the boom; The boom sway detection device is the torque limiter; or, the boom sway detection device is a swing amplitude detection device, which is used to detect the sway amount of the boom and / or the swing angle of the boom.

8. The crane sudden unloading operation warning system as described in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A forced unlock button is used to generate a forced release signal based on user operation, and the control unit is connected to the forced unlock button; When the control unit determines that the crane has engaged in an unauthorized unloading operation, the control unit also locks the crane's control system; and after receiving the forced release signal generated by the forced unlock button, the control unit unlocks the control system.

9. A crane, characterized in that, Includes a crane sudden unloading operation warning system as described in any one of claims 6-8.

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