Method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers through hydraulic unweaving and untwisting

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers through hydraulic disassembling, weaving and untwisting. The method comprises the steps that S1, waste textiles are sheared; s2, the sheared waste textiles are disassembled and woven through hydraulic power, and the disassembled and woven yarn is untwisted; s3, drying; s4, opening and removing impurities to form regenerated textile fibers. By utilizing the method disclosed by the invention, the damage to fibers in the waste textiles can be reduced, the regenerated textile fibers with large length-diameter ratio can be obtained, and the waste textiles can be subjected to high-valued reutilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of textile recycling, in particular to a method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers through hydraulic disassembly and untwisting. Background Art

[0002] In the process of textile processing and textile product processing, scraps are inevitably produced, forming waste textiles such as yarn ends, cloth edges, and clothing cutting scraps. In particular, with the continuous increase in people's consumption of textiles, the various types of discarded clothing, shoes and hats, and household and industrial waste textiles are increasing. At the same time, the various waste products of substitute leather coated with PU and PVC on textiles are increasing year by year. Therefore, the recycling of various waste textiles is of great significance to saving energy, reducing pollution and reducing carbon emissions. In particular, the high-value utilization of various waste textiles is urgently in need of technological breakthroughs.

[0003] There are many kinds of textiles, which are generally divided into woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics. The fibers used in textiles include natural fibers, chemical fibers, or a mixture of natural fibers and chemical fibers. The fibers are further divided into long fibers and short fibers.

[0004] So far, waste textiles have been treated partly by incineration or landfilling, and partly by processing recycled fibers into new products.

[0005] Incineration or landfilling of waste textiles will, on the one hand, cause great pollution to the environment and seriously damage the ecological environment. On the other hand, landfilling will occupy a lot of land. At the same time, these methods of processing waste textiles cannot reuse their fibers, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0006] The processing of regenerated fibers in the prior art mainly includes chemical and physical methods. The chemical method mainly separates different types of fabrics by classification, manufactures spinning solutions for different raw materials, and then re-spins them. For example, in the patent document CN117210958A, which was published on December 12, 2023, a process for preparing regenerated fibers using waste textiles is disclosed, which involves the technical field of recycling and reuse of waste textiles. The process includes the following steps: sorting, cleaning and crushing waste textiles; soaking the crushed textile fragments in a Na2S2O4-H2O2 solution, and bleaching them by repeated pulling during the reaction; aging, yellowing, and dissolving the bleached textile fragments; mixing the spinning solution with the ordinary spinning solution and spinning them to obtain regenerated cellulose fibers. The technical solution of the process for preparing regenerated fibers from waste textiles uses an isolation net to separate the textiles from the sewage, and then controls the water to flow through the middle of the textiles by the nozzle. Therefore, the technical problem of poor cleaning effect in the existing waste textile preparation and regeneration process is effectively solved, and the textiles and sewage are isolated, thereby improving the cleaning effect and speeding up the cleaning efficiency. However, the regenerated cellulose fibers formed by re-spinning completely change the composition and structure of the fibers in the original waste textiles, making it difficult to achieve the performance of the fibers in the original waste textiles.

[0007] The physical method is to process waste textiles through multiple dry processes. That is, the waste textiles are hooked and grabbed by rollers, and the fibers in the waste textiles are forcibly grabbed and torn, so that the fibers are torn and separated to form single loose fibers. For example, the patent document CN119162706A, which was published on December 20, 2024, discloses a method for fiber opening and recycling of waste textiles. The waste textiles cut into sheets are opened into short fibers and then classified and recycled. It includes three steps: fermentation, opening and combing. The pre-treated sheet fabric is impregnated and impregnated with an auxiliary agent to allow the auxiliary agent to fully penetrate into the fabric fibers to reduce Fabric yarn and fiber cohesion; Opening, loosening and impurity removal of fermented sheet fabrics: the opening process is to loosen the warp and weft of the sheet fabric yarn to reduce the impact of the opening equipment; the opening process is to flexibly loosen the sheet fabric, tear the fiber blocks in the raw material, loosen them into small fiber bundles, and regenerate them into a single fiber state, creating conditions for the smooth carding; the fiber bundles obtained after the opening treatment are further decomposed and combed into a single fiber state by using the carding machine with the help of the needle surface movement, and the qualified fibers are sucked into the baling machine for automatic packaging through the fan and the air duct. Although this method can physically reuse waste textiles, due to a large degree of damage, its length is greatly reduced compared to its original length in the textile, and most of it has even become powdered fibers, which can only be used for "waste spinning" or papermaking.

[0008] Now, there is also a method of reusing waste textiles by injecting steam and tearing them. For example, in the patent document EP3845323A1, a device for treating textile waste is disclosed, which includes a porous conveyor belt suitable for conveying textile materials to be treated, a first area for applying steam to the textile materials to be treated, including at least one nozzle located above the position where the textile materials will be conveyed and below the porous conveyor belt where the textile materials will be conveyed, or two second areas for applying one or more chemical or enzyme treatments to the textile materials to be treated, including at least one nozzle located above the position where the textile materials will be conveyed and a vacuum system below the porous conveyor belt at the position where the textile materials will be conveyed, and at least one vacuum system above the position where the textile materials will be conveyed, and at least one nozzle located below the porous conveyor belt where the textile materials will be conveyed. Although the device adds steam, the main function of the steam is to reduce the gradual cohesion of the fibers, so that the fibers in the textile waste are easier to detach, but the device still uses mechanical tearing force to obtain the fibers, which also has the disadvantages of the above-mentioned physical method. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic disassembly and untwisting. The method of the present invention can reduce the damage to the fibers in waste textiles, obtain regenerated textile fibers with a larger aspect ratio, and can reuse the waste textiles in a high-value manner.

[0010] To achieve the above object, a method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1 cuts the waste textiles; S2 hydraulically dismantles the sheared waste textiles and untwists the dismantled yarns; S3 Dry; S4 is opened and cleaned to form regenerated textile fibers.

[0011] In the above method, the sheared waste textiles are placed in a liquid, which easily forms a water film between the fibers in the sheared waste textiles, thereby reducing the friction and cohesion between the fibers, and then using the flowing liquid to form hydraulic force, using the flowing liquid as a medium to generate a disassembly force on the sheared waste textiles, gradually disassembling the yarns in the sheared waste textiles from the outside to the inside, and using the flexible force of the liquid flow to disassemble the yarns in the sheared waste textiles. In the above process, hydraulic force is used to untwist the disassembled yarns at the same time to obtain regenerated textile fibers. Compared with hitting the waste textiles with a blunt instrument, the above method is not easy to destroy the length of the original fibers in the sheared waste textiles, so it is easy to obtain regenerated textile fibers with a larger aspect ratio, and the waste textiles can be reused at a high value.

[0012] Furthermore, in S2, the method for hydraulically disassembling the sheared waste textiles is: using the difference in liquid flow velocity around the sheared waste textiles to gradually disassemble the sheared waste textiles from the outside to the inside. The method uses liquid as a medium to form different forces between yarns through the difference in liquid flow velocity, thereby disassembling the yarns from the sheared waste textiles, and allowing the yarns to slide and separate from the sheared waste textiles by hydraulic means.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid flow velocity difference around the sheared waste textile includes the liquid flow velocity difference between the inside and outside of the sheared waste textile and / or the liquid flow velocity difference between the top and bottom of the sheared waste textile. This makes it easy to disassemble the yarns in the sheared waste textile.

[0014] Furthermore, the method for untwisting the unwoven yarn is to untwist the yarn by utilizing the flow difference of liquid around the unwoven yarn. The method uses liquid as a medium to form forces of different magnitudes between fibers through the flow speed difference of liquid, and untwists the yarn to make the fibers slip and separate.

[0015] Further, the liquid flow difference around the unwoven yarn includes the liquid flow speed difference between the inside and outside of the yarn and / or the liquid flow speed difference between the top and bottom of the yarn. The yarn can be easily untwisted to form fibers by using forces in different directions.

[0016] Furthermore, in S2, it also includes disassembling the sheared waste textiles by mechanical force and untwisting the disassembled yarns. The mechanical force in this step refers to the use of mechanical force to hook the yarns or fibers when the sheared waste textiles are driven by the liquid to move in the liquid, thereby achieving disassembly and untwisting, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of disassembly and untwisting.

[0017] Further, in S2, hydraulic power is generated by a rotor in a hydraulic tank, and a card clothing is arranged on the rotor, and the card clothing participates in disassembly and untwisting. Therefore, it is easier to disassemble the yarn from the sheared waste textiles and to better untwist the yarn.

[0018] Furthermore, step S4 further includes combing and classifying the regenerated textile fibers.

[0019] Furthermore, between S2 and S3, the untwisted fibers are grabbed by grabbing the card clothing.

[0020] Furthermore, in S1, the sheared waste textiles are in sheet form. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the equipment used in hydraulic disassembly and untwisting of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] In the present invention, "waste textiles" include waste textiles and old textiles. Waste textiles refer to scraps produced in textile processing, and old textiles refer to textiles that have been used. In the present invention, the basic form of textiles is fabrics. Fabrics refer to flat objects made of fibers assembled and made into certain size specifications. Fabrics can be divided into woven (shuttle) fabrics, knitted fabrics, braided (woven) fabrics, non-woven fabrics and composite fabrics according to the formation method.

[0024] In the present invention, "unbraiding" means unravelling the yarns in waste textiles; "untwisting" means forming completely or partially separated fibers from the unbraided yarns. "Yarn" is a general term for "yarn" and "thread". "Yarn" is a long and thin object with a certain strength and linear density formed by arranging many short fibers or filaments in a nearly parallel state and twisting them along the axial direction. "Thread" is a strand formed by twisting two or more single yarns.

[0025] In the present invention, "regenerated textile fibers" refer to fibers obtained from waste textiles and can be made into fabrics.

[0026] In this example, a method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting comprises the following steps: S1: Cutting the waste textiles; that is, using a cutting device to cut the waste textiles into regular sheet materials such as quadrilaterals. In the present invention, the sheet materials are not limited to quadrilaterals.

[0027] S2 is to hydraulically disassemble the sheared waste textiles and untwist the disassembled yarns; in this step, Figure 1 As shown, hydraulic force is generated by the rotor 2 in the hydraulic tank 1, and a needle cloth 21 is arranged on the rotor 2, that is, when the rotor 2 rotates, the needle cloth 21 rotates with it, which can drive the liquid 3 in the hydraulic tank 1 to move. Due to the action of the hydraulic tank 1, the flow speed of the liquid 3 from the rotor to the outside is different, and the flow speed of the liquid above and below the hydraulic tank 1 is also different. In this way, after the sheared waste textiles are placed in the hydraulic tank 1, the sheared waste textiles fall into the liquid 3, and the sheared waste textiles are gradually disassembled from the outside to the inside into yarns by using the liquid flow speed difference around the sheared waste textiles. At the same time, the disassembled yarns are untwisted and formed into fibers by using the liquid flow speed difference. In this step, when the rotor 2 is rotating, the needle cloth 21 on the rotor participates in the disassembly and untwisting of the sheared waste textiles in the hydraulic tank. The mechanical force formed by this process is combined with hydraulic force to disassemble the sheared waste textiles and untwist the disassembled yarns, thereby improving the working efficiency and the disassembly and untwisting effect.

[0028] In this embodiment, since the liquid flow velocity difference occurs inside and outside and above and below the liquid, the liquid flow velocity difference around the sheared waste textile includes the liquid flow velocity difference between the inside and outside of the sheared waste textile and / or the liquid flow velocity difference between the top and bottom of the sheared waste textile. The liquid flow velocity difference around the disassembled yarn includes the liquid flow velocity difference between the inside and outside of the yarn and / or the liquid flow velocity difference between the top and bottom of the yarn.

[0029] S21 After the fibers are untwisted, they are grabbed by the grabbing card clothing 41 on the grabbing roller 4, and the beaten hands 5 that have not become fibers are beaten off the grabbing card clothing 41 and returned to the hydraulic tank for disassembly and untwisting.

[0030] S3 Drying: Drying the fibers using drying equipment.

[0031] S4 is opened and cleaned to form regenerated textile fibers.

[0032] S5 Carding and classification of recycled textile fibers.

[0033] In this embodiment, the sheared waste textiles are placed in liquid, and a water film is easily formed between the fibers in the sheared waste textiles, thereby reducing the friction and cohesion between the fibers. Then, the flowing liquid is used to form hydraulic force, and the flowing liquid is used as a medium to generate a disassembly force on the sheared waste textiles, so that the yarns in the sheared waste textiles are gradually disassembled from the outside to the inside. The flexible force of the liquid flow is used to disassemble the yarns in the sheared waste textiles. In the above process, the hydraulic force is used to untwist the disassembled yarns at the same time to obtain regenerated textile fibers. Compared with hitting the waste textiles with a blunt instrument, the above method is not easy to destroy the length of the original fibers in the sheared waste textiles, so that it is easy to obtain regenerated textile fibers with a larger aspect ratio, and the waste textiles can be reused at a high value.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting, characterized in that The steps include: S1 cuts the waste textiles; S2 hydraulically dismantles the sheared waste textiles and untwists the dismantled yarns; S3 Dry; S4 is opened and cleaned to form regenerated textile fibers.

2. The method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the method for hydraulically disassembling the sheared waste textiles is: utilizing the difference in liquid flow velocity around the sheared waste textiles to gradually disassemble the sheared waste textiles from the outside to the inside.

3. The method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid flow velocity difference around the sheared waste textile includes the liquid flow velocity difference between the inside and outside of the sheared waste textile and / or the liquid flow velocity difference between the top and bottom of the sheared waste textile.

4. The method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for untwisting the unwoven yarn is to untwist the yarn by utilizing the flow difference of liquid around the unwoven yarn.

5. The method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid flow difference around the unwoven yarn includes the liquid flow velocity difference between the inside and outside of the yarn and / or the liquid flow velocity difference between the top and bottom of the yarn.

6. The method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, it also includes disassembling the sheared waste textiles by mechanical force and untwisting the disassembled yarns.

7. The method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, hydraulic power is generated by a rotor in a hydraulic tank, on which a card clothing is arranged, and the card clothing participates in disassembly and untwisting.

8. The method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 step also includes combing and classifying the regenerated textile fibers.

9. The method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between S2 and S3, the untwisted fibers are grabbed by the grabbing card clothing.

10. The method for obtaining regenerated textile fibers by hydraulic untwisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the sheared waste textiles are in the form of sheets.

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