Pipe column slotting tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well transformation and accident treatment, in particular to a tubular column slotting tool which comprises a halter, an ignition part and a slotting part. Through arrangement of a halter, a cable cap, a middle shell, a lower end connector, a connecting wire, a first metal bidirectional sealing contact pin and an elastic conductive connecting assembly, sealing fixation and power conduction of a cable in the tool are realized; through the arrangement of a metal sealing connector, a second metal bidirectional sealing contact pin, an ignition wire and a detonating wire of the ignition part and a positioning assembly, an electric excitation device, an initiating explosive column, a linear energy-gathered cutting rope and a bullet of the slotting part, positioning of the slotting tool and slotting of the linear energy-gathered cutting rope on a target tubular column are achieved, the energy of the slotting tool is more concentrated, and the efficiency is improved. The cutting effect is better, the slotting energy condition can be met, and meanwhile the size is smaller. The problem that a slotting tool cannot meet the slotting requirements of pipe columns with serious deformation of pipe sleeves and oil pipes and small inner diameters is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well transformation and accident handling, in particular to a pipe string slit tool. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of oil and gas wells, there is no circulation channel between the oil pipe and casing, casing and formation, which leads to unbalanced pressure inside and outside the oil casing and formation and no circulation channel, resulting in subsequent problems such as inability to construct. The pipe string perforation and slit technology can be used to perforate and slit the pipe string to connect the oil pipe, casing and formation, realize oil casing and formation circulation, and solve on-site construction problems.

[0003] In recent years, due to the serious deformation of the oil pipe and casing and the small diameter in the pipe string, some old wells need to open holes or slots in the deformed section of the pipe string or the position with too small diameter to establish injection and production and circulation channels.

[0004] At present, conventional perforating technologies used include energy-gathering perforating technology, mechanical perforating technology and hot-melt perforating technology. All of them can use cables or pipes to lower the perforating tools into the predetermined position to achieve perforation of the pipe.

[0005] However, the tools of the energy-focused perforating technology, mechanical perforating technology and hot-melt perforating technology all have the characteristics of large outer diameter and long length, making it difficult to run them into small-diameter or severely deformed tubing. They can only be used to open holes in conventional channels and tubing that is not severely deformed, and cannot meet the requirements for opening seams in old well tubing where the tubing and casing are severely deformed and the tubing has a small inner diameter. Summary of the invention

[0006] Aiming at the problem that the slotting tools existing in the prior art have the characteristics of large outer diameter and long length and cannot meet the requirements of slotting of pipe strings with serious deformation of pipe sleeves and oil pipes and small inner diameters, the present invention provides a pipe string slotting tool.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A pipe string slotting tool comprises a faucet, an ignition part and a slotting part;

[0009] The faucet comprises a cable cap, which is sealed and connected with an intermediate shell and a lower end joint in sequence, a connecting hole is provided inside the cable cap, and a cable wire passes through the connecting hole and is connected with a connecting wire, a first metal bidirectional sealing pin and an elastic conductive connecting component in sequence;

[0010] The ignition part comprises a metal sealing joint, a second metal bidirectional sealing pin is arranged inside the metal sealing joint, one end of the second metal bidirectional sealing pin is connected to the elastic conductive connection component, and the other end is connected to the ignition wire and the detonation wire;

[0011] The slit portion includes a positioning component and a slit component;

[0012] The positioning assembly includes an upper shell connected to a metal sealing joint, the upper shell is provided with an assembly installation notch for installing a power fork device, the power fork device is connected to an ignition wire, and is used to position the tool inside a target pipe string;

[0013] The slit assembly includes a lower end shell connected to a metal sealing joint, an electric excitation device, an explosive column and a linear energy-focusing cutting rope are arranged inside the lower end shell, the end of the lower end shell is connected to the warhead, and the electric excitation device is connected to the detonating wire; the electric excitation device is in contact with the explosive column, one end of the linear energy-focusing cutting rope is in contact with the explosive column, and the other end is in contact with the tail of the warhead.

[0014] Furthermore, the power fork device includes a protective shell, which is slidably connected to the component installation notch of the upper shell, and a heating wire is arranged inside the protective shell, one end of the heating wire is connected to the ignition wire, and the other end of the heating wire is connected to the composite propellant; a fork is rotatably connected to the upper shell below the protective shell, and the fork is connected to a spring, and the end of the spring away from the fork is fixedly connected to the side wall of the upper shell.

[0015] Preferably, the free end of the shift fork is fixed by a shear pin.

[0016] Preferably, the heating wire and the protective shell are sealed by sealant.

[0017] Preferably, the faucet further comprises a cone sleeve assembly, which is arranged inside the intermediate shell and sleeved on the outside of the cable to fix the cable to the intermediate shell.

[0018] Preferably, a grease injection hole is provided on the side wall of the intermediate shell.

[0019] Preferably, silicone grease is injected into the cavity between the cone sleeve assembly inside the intermediate housing and the first metal bidirectional sealing pin.

[0020] Preferably, the linear shaped-charge cutting rope comprises a metal liner filled with main explosive, and the metal liner is provided with a jet groove, the opening direction of the jet groove is opposite to the opening direction of the shift fork.

[0021] Preferably, a V-shaped groove is provided at the tail of the bullet in the direction corresponding to the jet groove.

[0022] Preferably, sealing rings are provided between the cable cap and the intermediate shell, between the intermediate shell and the metal sealing connector, between the upper shell and the lower shell, and between the lower shell and the tail.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention provides a pipe column slotting tool, comprising a faucet, an ignition part and a slotting part; the faucet comprises a cable cap, which is sealed and connected with an intermediate shell and a lower end joint in sequence, a connecting hole is provided inside the cable cap, and the cable line passes through the connecting hole and is connected with a connecting wire, a first metal bidirectional sealing pin and an elastic conductive connecting component in sequence; the sealing fixation and power conduction of the cable inside the tool are realized, ensuring that the slotting tool can be reliably lowered into a predetermined slotting position through the cable and that the power-on detonation of the lower end slotting device is realized; a metal sealing joint is provided on the ignition part, a second metal bidirectional sealing pin is provided inside the metal sealing joint, one end of the second metal bidirectional sealing pin is connected to the elastic conductive connecting component, and the other end is connected to the ignition wire and the detonation wire; the positioning component comprises an upper end shell connected to the metal sealing joint, the upper end shell is provided with a component installation notch for installing a power fork device, the power fork device is connected to the ignition wire, so as to realize the positioning of the tool inside the target pipe column. An electric excitation device, an explosive column and a linear energy-focused cutting rope are arranged inside the lower shell, and a warhead is connected to the end of the lower shell, and the electric excitation device is connected to the detonating wire; the electric excitation device contacts the explosive column, and one end of the linear energy-focused cutting rope contacts the explosive column, and the other end contacts the tail of the warhead. The explosive wire is connected to the electric excitation device, the explosive column is ignited and the linear energy-focused cutting rope is detonated to achieve the slitting of the target pipe column. The slitting tool uses a linear energy-focused cutting rope to gather chemical energy to achieve the cutting of the pipe column, with more concentrated energy and better cutting effect. It can replace traditional perforating bullets while meeting the slitting energy conditions, and has a smaller volume, which can greatly reduce the overall length and outer diameter of the slitting device, making it suitable for slitting pipe columns with small calibers and severe deformation.

[0025] The power fork device includes a protective shell, which is slidably connected to the component installation notch of the upper shell, and a heating wire is arranged inside the protective shell, one end of which is connected to the ignition wire, and the other end of which is connected to the composite propellant; a fork is rotatably connected to the upper shell below the protective shell, and the fork is connected to a spring, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the upper shell. The composite propellant can be ignited by connecting the ignition wire to the heating wire, and the generated gas moves the protective shell toward the fork, hitting the fork to open the fork, so that the slit tool is close to the opposite side of the pipe column slit, and the slit tool is compactly and centrally positioned on the inner side of the pipe column, avoiding the increase in the diameter of the slit tool due to the presence of the positioning component.

[0026] The free end of the shift fork is fixed by a shear pin, so that the slotting tool can be smoothly extended into the pipe column. The shift fork cuts off the shear pin under the impact of the protective shell, so that the slotting tool is fixed and positioned at the slotting position.

[0027] The ignition wire and the protective shell are sealed by sealant to achieve sealing of the cavity inside the protective shell.

[0028] The faucet also includes a cone sleeve assembly, which is arranged inside the intermediate shell and sleeved on the outside of the cable, thereby fixing the cable and the intermediate shell and ensuring that the slitting tool can be reliably lowered into the predetermined slitting position through the cable.

[0029] The cavity between the cone sleeve assembly inside the intermediate housing and the first metal bidirectional sealing pin is filled with silicone grease to ensure the sealing and pressure-bearing of the cavity.

[0030] The linear energy-focusing cutting rope is provided with a jet groove, the opening direction of which is opposite to the opening direction of the shift fork, so that chemical energy can be gathered, the concentration of energy can be improved, and the slit of the pipe column can be realized.

[0031] Sealing rings are arranged between the cable cap and the intermediate housing, between the intermediate housing and the metal sealing connector, between the metal sealing connector and the lower housing, and between the lower housing and the tail, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a pipe string slotting tool.

[0033] Figure 2 The present invention is a structural diagram of a pipe string slitting tool.

[0034] Figure 3 The present invention is a structural diagram of an ignition part and a slotting part of a pipe string slotting tool.

[0035] Figure 4 The present invention is a structural diagram of a positioning assembly of a pipe string slotting tool.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a linear energy-focusing cutting cable of a pipe string slitting tool of the present invention, wherein a is a forward view of the linear energy-focusing cutting cable, and b is a left view of the guide groove.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a spring tail structure diagram of a pipe string slotting tool of the present invention, wherein a is a spring tail structure diagram, and b is a V-groove structure diagram.

[0038] Figure 7 The present invention is a structural diagram of a pipe string slotting tool in a positioning slotting state.

[0039] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of a rear pipe string slotted by using the pipe string slotting tool provided by the present invention.

[0040] Among them, 1-mala faucet, 2-ignition part, 3-slit part, 4-small diameter pipe column, 11-cable cap, 12-intermediate shell, 13-cone sleeve assembly, 14-connecting wire, 15-first metal bidirectional sealing pin, 16-lower end joint, 17-elastic conductive insulation assembly, 111-connecting hole, 112-first anti-back buckle groove, 121-grease injection hole, 161-second anti-back buckle groove, 21-second metal bidirectional sealing pin, 22-metal sealing joint, 23-ignition wire, 24-detonation wire, 31 -upper shell, 32-lower shell, 33-linear energy-forming cutting rope, 34-tail, 311-first stop screw, 321-protective shell, 322-sealant, 323-heating wire, 324-composite propellant, 325-fork, 326-fork fixing screw, 327-spring, 328-shear pin, 331-electric excitation device, 332-priming charge column, 333-jet groove, 334-metal charge cap, 335-main explosive, 341-V-groove, 342-second stop screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.

[0048] The present invention discloses a pipe string slotting tool, referring to Figure 1 , a pipe string slotting tool, characterized in that it comprises a faucet 1, an ignition part 2 and a slotting part 3;

[0049] See also Figure 2 The faucet 1 includes a cable cap 11, which is sealed and connected with an intermediate housing 12 and a lower end connector 16 in sequence. A connecting hole 111 is provided inside the cable cap 11, and a cable is passed through the connecting hole 111 and is connected with a connecting wire 14, a first metal bidirectional sealing pin 15 and an elastic conductive connecting component 17 in sequence;

[0050] Preferably, the intermediate shell 12 and the lower end joint 16 are both made of metal materials, a sealing ring is provided between the cable cap 11 and the intermediate shell 12, and they are connected by threads, and a first anti-backlash groove 112 is provided on the cable cap 11; the intermediate shell 12 and the lower end joint 16 are connected by threads, and a sealing ring is provided between the intermediate shell 12 and the lower end joint 16, and a second anti-backlash groove 161 is provided on the lower end joint 16; the cable is fixed to the inside of the intermediate shell 12 through the cone sleeve assembly 13, and the elastic conductive insulation assembly 17 is fixed to the inside of the lower end joint 16, and a grease injection hole 121 is opened on the side wall of the intermediate shell 12, and silicone grease is injected into the cavity between the cone sleeve assembly 13 and the first metal bidirectional sealing pin 15 inside the intermediate shell 12 through the grease injection hole 121 to ensure the sealing and pressure-bearing of the cavity.

[0051] See also Figure 3The ignition part 2 includes a metal sealing joint 22, and the metal sealing joint 22 is sealed and connected with the upper shell 31. Preferably, the metal sealing joint 22 and the upper shell 31 are sealed and connected by threads and sealing rings; a component installation notch is provided on the side wall of the upper shell 31; a second metal bidirectional sealing pin 21 is arranged inside the metal sealing joint 22, one end of the second metal bidirectional sealing pin 21 is connected to the elastic conductive connection component 17, and the other end is connected to the ignition wire 23 and the detonation wire 24;

[0052] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the slit portion 3 includes a positioning component and a slit component;

[0053] The positioning assembly includes an upper housing 31 connected to the metal sealing joint 22, and the upper housing 31 is provided with an assembly installation notch for installing a power fork device, and the power fork device is connected to the ignition wire 23 for positioning the tool inside the target pipe string;

[0054] The power fork device includes a protective shell 321, which is slidably connected to the installation notch of the upper shell 31. A heating wire 323 is arranged inside the protective shell 321, and the heating wire 323 and the protective shell 321 are sealed by a sealant 322. One end of the heating wire 323 is connected to the ignition wire 23, and the other end of the heating wire 323 is connected to the composite propellant 324; a fork 325 is rotatably connected to the upper shell 31 below the protective shell 321, and preferably, the fork fixing screw 326 is used to rotatably connect with the upper shell 31; the fork 325 is connected to a spring 327, and the other end of the spring 327 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower shell 32; the free end of the fork 325 is fixed to the installation notch of the upper shell 31 by a shear pin 328. When the shear pin 328 is sheared, the fork 325 opens counterclockwise with the fork fixing screw 326 as the axis under the action of the spring 327.

[0055] See also Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The slit assembly includes a lower shell body 32 connected to an upper shell body 31, the upper shell body 31 and the lower shell body 32 are sealed and connected by threads, a sealing ring is arranged between the upper shell body 31 and the lower shell body 32, and a first stop screw 311 is also arranged on the upper shell body 31, an electric excitation device 331, an explosive column 332 and a linear energy-focused cutting rope 33 are arranged inside the lower shell body 32, a warhead 37 is connected to the end of the lower shell body 32, the electric excitation device 331 is connected to the detonating wire 24; the electric excitation device 331 is in contact with the explosive column 332, one end of the linear energy-focused cutting rope 33 is in contact with the explosive column 332, and the other end is in contact with the tail 34. The linear shaped-energy cutting rope 33 includes a metal charge cap 334, which is provided with a jet groove 333, and the opening direction of the jet groove 333 is opposite to the opening direction of the fork 325; the metal charge cap 334 is filled with main explosive 335; the tail 34 is provided with a V-shaped groove 341 corresponding to the direction of the jet groove 333, which can fix the jet direction of the linear shaped-energy cutting rope 33; preferably, a sealing ring is provided between the tail 34 and the lower end shell 32, and a second stop screw 342 is provided on the tail 34.

[0056] Working principle:

[0057] See also Figure 7 When in use, the faucet 1 is connected with the ignition part 2 and the slotting part 3 in sequence to form a complete slotting tool, and the slotting tool is lowered from the wellhead to the inside of the small-diameter pipe column 4 to the predetermined slotting position, and the slotting tool is energized, and the heating wire 323 generates heat to ignite the composite propellant 324 to generate gas. Under the push of the gas, the protective shell 321 moves toward the fork 325 and hits the fork 325. The fork 325 moves toward the tail 34 and cuts the shear pin 328. At the same time, the spring 32 7 is contracted, and the shift fork 325 is pulled to rotate counterclockwise around the shift fork fixing screw 326 to open. At this time, the shift fork 325 and the slitting device are in a 90° direction, so that the slitting tool is biased against one side of the small-diameter pipe column 4 to achieve positioning; after the positioning is completed, the electric excitation device 331 is energized to detonate the explosive column 332. The explosive column 332 is delayed for a fixed time and then detonates the linear energy-focused cutting rope 33. The detonation energy is gathered along the jet groove 333 to achieve the slitting of the small-diameter pipe column 4.

[0058] See also Figure 8 With the help of the slotting tool, the target small-diameter pipe string was successfully slotted to establish the injection, production and circulation channels.

[0059] In summary, the present invention provides a tubular column slitting tool, which minimizes the slitting tool through reasonable arrangement of its structure, can pass through a tubular column with a small diameter or a part with severe deformation to a set slitting position, utilizes a composite solid propellant to generate gas, and opens a preset fork under the action of the gas push, so that the slitting tool is pressed against one side of the tubular column, and the linear energy-focusing slitting rope 36 inside the tool is detonated by a delayed detonation assembly, thereby achieving control of the length and outer diameter of the slitting tool while achieving slitting of the small-diameter tubular column coupling body, ensuring pressure balance inside and outside the tubular column, establishing a circulation channel, and the like.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to impose any limitation on the technical solution of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that, without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention, the technical solution can also be subjected to several simple modifications and substitutions, and these modifications and substitutions are also within the scope of protection covered by the claims.

Claims

1. A pipe string slotting tool, characterized in that: It comprises a faucet (1), an ignition part (2) and a slit part (3); The faucet (1) comprises a cable cap (11), wherein the cable cap (11) is sequentially sealed and connected to an intermediate housing (12) and a lower end connector (16); a connecting hole (111) is provided inside the cable cap (11); a cable passes through the connecting hole (111) and is sequentially connected to a connecting wire (14), a first metal bidirectional sealing pin (15) and an elastic conductive connecting component (17); The ignition part (2) comprises a metal sealing joint (22), a second metal bidirectional sealing plug pin (21) is arranged inside the metal sealing joint (22), one end of the second metal bidirectional sealing plug pin (21) is connected to the elastic conductive connection component (17), and the other end is connected to the ignition wire (23) and the detonation wire (24); The slit portion (3) comprises a positioning component and a slit component; The positioning assembly comprises an upper shell (31) connected to a metal sealing joint (22), the upper shell (31) being provided with an assembly installation notch for installing a power fork device, the power fork device being connected to an ignition wire (23) for positioning the tool inside a target pipe string; The slit assembly comprises a lower shell (32) connected to a metal sealing joint (22); an electric excitation device (331), an explosive column (332) and a linear energy-focused cutting rope (33) are arranged inside the lower shell (32); a warhead (37) is connected to the end of the lower shell (32); the electric excitation device (331) is connected to a detonating wire (24); the electric excitation device (331) is in contact with the explosive column (332); one end of the linear energy-focused cutting rope (33) is in contact with the explosive column (332), and the other end is in contact with the warhead (34).

2. The pipe string slotting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power shift fork device comprises a protective shell (321), the protective shell (321) is slidably connected to the component installation notch of the upper shell (31), a heating wire (323) is arranged inside the protective shell (321), one end of the heating wire (323) is connected to the ignition wire (23), and the other end of the heating wire (323) is connected to the composite propellant (324); a shift fork (325) is rotatably connected to the upper shell (31) below the protective shell (321), the shift fork (325) is connected to a spring (327), and one end of the spring (327) away from the shift fork (325) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the upper shell (31).

3. The pipe string slotting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The free end of the shift fork (325) is fixed by a shear pin (328).

4. The pipe string slotting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating wire (323) and the protective housing (321) are sealed by a sealant (322).

5. The pipe string slotting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The faucet (1) further comprises a cone sleeve assembly (13), wherein the cone sleeve assembly (13) is arranged inside the intermediate shell (12) and sleeved outside the cable, and is used to fix the cable and the intermediate shell (12).

6. The pipe string slotting tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: A grease injection hole (121) is provided on the side wall of the intermediate housing (12).

7. The pipe string slotting tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: Silicone grease is injected into the cavity between the cone sleeve assembly (13) and the first metal bidirectional sealing pin (15) inside the intermediate housing (12).

8. The pipe string slotting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear shaped-energy cutting rope (33) comprises a metal charge liner (334), the interior of the metal charge liner (334) is filled with a main explosive (345), the metal charge liner (334) is provided with a jet groove (333), and the opening direction of the jet groove (333) is opposite to the opening direction of the shift fork (325).

9. The pipe string slotting tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tail (34) is provided with a V-shaped groove (341) in a direction corresponding to the jet groove (333).

10. The pipe string slotting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Sealing rings are provided between the cable cap (11) and the intermediate shell (12), between the intermediate shell (12) and the metal sealing connector (22), between the upper shell (31) and the lower shell (32), and between the lower shell (32) and the spring tail (34).

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