Guniting isolation device, mixed spraying system and heading machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of full-section tunneling equipment, in particular to a guniting isolation device, a mixed spraying system and a tunneling machine. The guniting isolation device comprises an isolation main frame which can be installed on guniting equipment in a front-back moving mode, the isolation main frame comprises a front protection plate and a rear protection plate, the outer edge of the front protection plate and the outer edge of the rear protection plate are each provided with a sealing structure used for being matched with a tunnel hole wall in a sealing mode, and a slag collecting groove is formed between the front protection plate and the rear protection plate. The slag collecting groove, the front protection plate, the rear protection plate and the tunnel wall define an anti-diffusion cavity capable of inhibiting diffusion of rebound materials and dust, and at least one of the front protection plate and the rear protection plate is provided with a spraying arm avoiding hole used for avoiding a spraying arm of the guniting equipment. At least one of the front protection plate and the rear protection plate is further provided with a monitoring device used for monitoring the guniting effect. The problems that in the tunnel guniting supporting process, rebound materials are difficult to clean, and dust pollution is caused are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of full-face tunneling equipment, and in particular to a shotcrete isolation device, a mixed shotcrete system and a tunneling machine. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of full-face tunnel boring machines, it is often necessary to spray support the excavated parts. During the spray support process, a large amount of dust particles will be generated, resulting in an extremely harsh environment in the construction area and affecting the health of the workers. In addition, when the nozzle is too close to the tunnel wall, the spray direction is not perpendicular to the tunnel wall, and the concrete material ratio is not appropriate, a large amount of rebound material will often be generated. After the rebound material falls on the spraying equipment or the bottom of the tunnel, it needs to be cleaned up. The solidified rebound material is particularly difficult to clean up.

[0003] In response to the problem that rebound materials are difficult to clean, the applicant's patent application with application publication number CN115807678A and application publication date March 17, 2023 provides a TBM mixed spray rebound material cleaning device, which includes a support frame and a wing-type slag plate installed on the support frame, and a material-driving device for driving the material on the slag plate to slide down is provided on the slag plate, and a slag collecting bucket for receiving the material sliding down the slag plate is provided on the support frame. The core concept of the TBM mixed spray rebound material cleaning device is to "receive and clean the rebound material in time", so the slag plate and the slag collecting bucket are both located at the bottom. However, during the spraying process, the range of the spraying material rebound is not limited to the bottom of the tunnel. When the above-mentioned TBM mixed spray rebound material cleaning device is used, the rebound material will still adhere to the spraying bridge, the lower and middle part of the tunnel wall and other positions.

[0004] In addition, the applicant's patent with authorization announcement number CN219281748U and announcement date June 30, 2023 provides a tunnel boring machine shotcreting equipment, which includes a shotcreting bridge, a longitudinal movement mechanism is connected to the shotcreting bridge, and the longitudinal movement mechanism can move relative to the shotcreting bridge in the front-rear direction of the tunnel, and a retractable mechanical arm is provided on the longitudinal movement mechanism, and a shotcreting head is connected to the telescopic end of the mechanical arm, and the longitudinal movement mechanism and / or the telescopic end of the mechanical arm are provided with a shotcreting bridge jet nozzle that can output a high-pressure jet, and the shotcreting bridge jet nozzle faces the shotcreting bridge. When the tunnel boring machine shotcreting equipment is working, the liquid flow ejected from the jet nozzle can clean the shotcreting bridge to remove the rebound material on its surface, but it is still based on the core concept of "cleaning the rebound material in time", and the cleaning range of the rebound material is still limited.

[0005] If the above rebound material cleaning device is combined with the tunnel boring machine shotcrete equipment, the rebound material cleaning range will undoubtedly be increased. However, if the above combination is adopted, the structure of the mixed shotcrete system will inevitably become extremely complicated. Moreover, even if the above two are combined, although the rebound material cleaning range can be increased, it is still impossible to achieve all-round cleaning of the rebound material. In addition, the prior art does not disclose relevant solutions for handling dust generated during the shotcrete process. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shotcrete isolation device to solve the problem of difficult cleaning of rebound material and dust pollution during the shotcrete support process.

[0007] At the same time, the purpose of the present invention is also to provide a mixed spraying system and a tunneling machine using the above-mentioned spraying isolation device.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the spraying isolation device of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The shotcrete isolation device comprises an isolation main frame installed on the shotcrete equipment for being movable forward and backward, the isolation main frame comprises a front protective plate and a rear protective plate, the outer edges of the front and rear protective plates are respectively provided with sealing structures for sealing with the tunnel wall, a slag collecting trough is provided between the front and rear protective plates, when in use, the slag collecting trough together with the front and rear protective plates and the tunnel wall forms an anti-diffusion cavity which can suppress the diffusion of rebound material and dust, and a spray arm avoidance hole for avoiding the spray arm of the shotcrete equipment is provided on at least one of the front and rear protective plates.

[0009] Furthermore, a flexible sealing device is provided at the avoidance hole of the spray arm.

[0010] Furthermore, the spraying isolation device also includes a dust removal system, which includes an air inlet and an exhaust port arranged on the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, the exhaust port is connected to a fan, and a dust collector is arranged on the air path between the fan and the exhaust port, or the fan is a dust removal fan.

[0011] Furthermore, the air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet.

[0012] Furthermore, a dust sensor is also provided on the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, and the controller of the fan is connected to the dust sensor to control the opening and closing and power of the fan according to the signal of the dust sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, a slag cleaning scraper movable along the slag collecting trough is provided in the slag collecting trough, and the slag cleaning scraper has a scraper frame extending out of the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, and a scraper frame avoidance hole corresponding to the scraper frame is provided on the corresponding protective plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a flexible sealing device is provided at the avoidance hole of the scraper frame.

[0015] Furthermore, a flushing nozzle for flushing the slag collecting tank is arranged on the slag cleaning scraper.

[0016] Furthermore, the portion of the scraper frame extending out of the front guard plate or the rear guard plate is equipped with a scraper frame driving device for driving the scraper frame to reciprocate along the slag collecting trough.

[0017] Furthermore, the scraper frame is provided with a scraper frame driving gear, the isolation main frame is provided with a gear ring that cooperates with the scraper frame driving gear, and the scraper frame driving device is transmission-connected to the scraper frame driving gear.

[0018] Furthermore, the slag collecting trough is provided with a slag accumulation monitoring sensor, and the scraper frame driving device is connected to the slag accumulation monitoring sensor to be started according to the signal of the slag accumulation monitoring sensor.

[0019] Furthermore, the slag accumulation monitoring sensor is a pressure sensor or an ultrasonic height sensor.

[0020] Furthermore, slag collecting hoppers are respectively provided at both ends of the slag collecting trough.

[0021] Furthermore, a monitoring device for monitoring the spraying effect is also provided on at least one of the front and rear guard plates.

[0022] Furthermore, the monitoring device is a visual monitoring device or a scanning device.

[0023] Furthermore, the visual monitoring device includes a protective cover and a visual probe arranged in the protective cover, a protective window is arranged on the protective cover corresponding to the visual probe, and the protective window is equipped with a cleaning nozzle.

[0024] Furthermore, the sealing structure is an elastic sealing plate, and the elastic sealing plate is fixedly mounted on the front protective plate and the rear protective plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the sealing structures on the front and rear guard plates each include a plurality of sealing blocks that can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the front guard plate or the rear guard plate, and the sealing blocks form a sealing curtain along the circumference of the guard plate where they are located.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The grouting isolation device of the present invention is a pioneering invention. By setting the isolation main frame, the entire device can be reciprocated in the front and rear directions of the tunnel with the spraying arm of the spraying equipment to adapt to different spraying positions in the front and back. The sealing structure of the front and rear protective plates can be sealed with the tunnel walls on both sides of the front and rear of the spraying position to prevent rebound materials and dust from escaping from here. The slag collecting trough can be used to collect rebound materials in a centralized manner to prevent them from spreading everywhere and being unable to be cleaned. When in use, the slag collecting trough, the front and rear protective plates and the tunnel wall together form an anti-diffusion cavity that can inhibit the diffusion of rebound materials and dust, thereby limiting the pollution range of rebound materials and dust as a whole. The spray arm avoidance hole can avoid the spray arm of the spraying equipment to prevent interference with it when it is working. The present invention can limit the pollution range of rebound materials and dust during the spraying process by cooperating with each other through the slag collecting trough, the front protective plate and the rear protective plate, and can make the rebound materials more concentrated, so it is easier to clean. In summary, the present invention solves the problem of difficult cleaning of rebound materials and dust pollution during tunnel spraying support.

[0027] The mixed spray system of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The mixed spraying system comprises a spraying equipment, wherein the spraying equipment comprises a spraying bridge, a spraying arm and a spraying arm trolley for driving the spraying arm to move back and forth in the front and rear directions. A spraying isolation device is arranged on the spraying bridge or the spraying arm trolley of the spraying equipment, and the spraying isolation device comprises an isolation main frame installed on the spraying equipment for being movable back and forth, and the isolation main frame comprises a front protective plate and a rear protective plate, and sealing structures for sealing with the tunnel wall are respectively arranged at the outer edges of the front and rear protective plates, and a slag collecting trough is arranged between the front and rear protective plates. When in use, the slag collecting trough, the front and rear protective plates and the tunnel wall together form an anti-diffusion chamber that can suppress the diffusion of rebound material and dust, and a spray arm avoidance hole for avoiding the spray arm of the spraying equipment is arranged on at least one of the front and rear protective plates.

[0028] Furthermore, a flexible sealing device is provided at the avoidance hole of the spray arm.

[0029] Furthermore, the spraying isolation device also includes a dust removal system, which includes an air inlet and an exhaust port arranged on the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, the exhaust port is connected to a fan, and a dust collector is arranged on the air path between the fan and the exhaust port, or the fan is a dust removal fan.

[0030] Furthermore, the air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet.

[0031] Furthermore, a dust sensor is also provided on the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, and the controller of the fan is connected to the dust sensor to control the opening and closing and power of the fan according to the signal of the dust sensor.

[0032] Furthermore, a slag cleaning scraper movable along the slag collecting trough is provided in the slag collecting trough, and the slag cleaning scraper has a scraper frame extending out of the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, and a scraper frame avoidance hole corresponding to the scraper frame is provided on the corresponding protective plate.

[0033] Furthermore, a flexible sealing device is provided at the avoidance hole of the scraper frame.

[0034] Furthermore, a flushing nozzle for flushing the slag collecting tank is arranged on the slag cleaning scraper.

[0035] Furthermore, the portion of the scraper frame extending out of the front guard plate or the rear guard plate is equipped with a scraper frame driving device for driving the scraper frame to reciprocate along the slag collecting trough.

[0036] Furthermore, the scraper frame is provided with a scraper frame driving gear, the isolation main frame is provided with a gear ring that cooperates with the scraper frame driving gear, and the scraper frame driving device is transmission-connected to the scraper frame driving gear.

[0037] Furthermore, the slag collecting trough is provided with a slag accumulation monitoring sensor, and the scraper frame driving device is connected to the slag accumulation monitoring sensor to be started according to the signal of the slag accumulation monitoring sensor.

[0038] Furthermore, the slag accumulation monitoring sensor is a pressure sensor or an ultrasonic height sensor.

[0039] Furthermore, slag collecting hoppers are respectively provided at both ends of the slag collecting trough.

[0040] Furthermore, a monitoring device for monitoring the spraying effect is also provided on at least one of the front and rear guard plates.

[0041] Furthermore, the monitoring device is a visual monitoring device or a scanning device.

[0042] Furthermore, the visual monitoring device includes a protective cover and a visual probe arranged in the protective cover, a protective window is arranged on the protective cover corresponding to the visual probe, and the protective window is equipped with a cleaning nozzle.

[0043] Furthermore, the sealing structure is an elastic sealing plate, and the elastic sealing plate is fixedly mounted on the front protective plate and the rear protective plate.

[0044] Furthermore, the sealing structures on the front and rear guard plates each include a plurality of sealing blocks that can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the front guard plate or the rear guard plate, and the sealing blocks form a sealing curtain along the circumference of the guard plate where they are located.

[0045] Beneficial effects: The mixed spraying system of the present invention is an improved invention. The mixed spraying system of the present invention is configured with a spraying isolation device. The isolation main frame of the spraying isolation device can make the entire device move back and forth in the front and rear directions of the tunnel with the spraying arm of the spraying equipment to adapt to different spraying positions in the front and back. The sealing structure of the front and rear protective plates can be sealed with the tunnel walls on both sides of the front and rear of the spraying position to prevent rebound materials and dust from escaping from here. The slag collecting trough can be used to collect rebound materials in a centralized manner to prevent them from spreading everywhere and being unable to be cleaned. When in use, the slag collecting trough, the front and rear protective plates and the tunnel walls together form an anti-diffusion cavity that can inhibit the diffusion of rebound materials and dust, thereby limiting the pollution range of rebound materials and dust as a whole. The spray arm avoidance hole can avoid the spray arm of the spraying equipment to prevent interference with it when it is working. The present invention can limit the pollution range of rebound materials and dust during the spraying process through the cooperation of the slag collecting trough, the front protective plate and the rear protective plate, and can make the rebound materials more concentrated, so it is easier to clean. In summary, the present invention solves the problem of difficult cleaning of rebounding materials and dust pollution during tunnel shotcrete support.

[0046] The tunnel boring machine of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A tunnel boring machine comprises a mixed spraying system, wherein the mixed spraying system comprises a spraying device, wherein the spraying device comprises a spraying bridge, a spraying arm and a spraying arm trolley for driving the spraying arm to reciprocate in a front-to-back direction, wherein a spraying isolation device is arranged on the spraying bridge or the spraying arm trolley of the spraying device, wherein the spraying isolation device comprises an isolation main frame installed on the spraying device for being movable back and forth, wherein the isolation main frame comprises a front protective plate and a rear protective plate, wherein sealing structures for sealing with the tunnel wall are respectively arranged at the outer edges of the front and rear protective plates, wherein a slag collecting trough is arranged between the front and rear protective plates, wherein when in use, the slag collecting trough, the front and rear protective plates and the tunnel wall together form an anti-diffusion chamber for suppressing the diffusion of rebounding materials and dust, and a spray arm avoidance hole for avoiding the spray arm of the spraying device is arranged on at least one of the front and rear protective plates.

[0047] Furthermore, a flexible sealing device is provided at the avoidance hole of the spray arm.

[0048] Furthermore, the spraying isolation device also includes a dust removal system, which includes an air inlet and an exhaust port arranged on the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, the exhaust port is connected to a fan, and a dust collector is arranged on the air path between the fan and the exhaust port, or the fan is a dust removal fan.

[0049] Furthermore, the air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet.

[0050] Furthermore, a dust sensor is also provided on the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, and the controller of the fan is connected to the dust sensor to control the opening and closing and power of the fan according to the signal of the dust sensor.

[0051] Furthermore, a slag cleaning scraper movable along the slag collecting trough is provided in the slag collecting trough, and the slag cleaning scraper has a scraper frame extending out of the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, and a scraper frame avoidance hole corresponding to the scraper frame is provided on the corresponding protective plate.

[0052] Furthermore, a flexible sealing device is provided at the avoidance hole of the scraper frame.

[0053] Furthermore, a flushing nozzle for flushing the slag collecting tank is arranged on the slag cleaning scraper.

[0054] Furthermore, the portion of the scraper frame extending out of the front guard plate or the rear guard plate is equipped with a scraper frame driving device for driving the scraper frame to reciprocate along the slag collecting trough.

[0055] Furthermore, the scraper frame is provided with a scraper frame driving gear, the isolation main frame is provided with a gear ring that cooperates with the scraper frame driving gear, and the scraper frame driving device is transmission-connected to the scraper frame driving gear.

[0056] Furthermore, the slag collecting trough is provided with a slag accumulation monitoring sensor, and the scraper frame driving device is connected to the slag accumulation monitoring sensor to be started according to the signal of the slag accumulation monitoring sensor.

[0057] Furthermore, the slag accumulation monitoring sensor is a pressure sensor or an ultrasonic height sensor.

[0058] Furthermore, slag collecting hoppers are respectively provided at both ends of the slag collecting trough.

[0059] Furthermore, a monitoring device for monitoring the spraying effect is also provided on at least one of the front and rear guard plates.

[0060] Furthermore, the monitoring device is a visual monitoring device or a scanning device.

[0061] Furthermore, the visual monitoring device includes a protective cover and a visual probe arranged in the protective cover, a protective window is arranged on the protective cover corresponding to the visual probe, and the protective window is equipped with a cleaning nozzle.

[0062] Furthermore, the sealing structure is an elastic sealing plate, and the elastic sealing plate is fixedly mounted on the front protective plate and the rear protective plate.

[0063] Furthermore, the sealing structures on the front and rear guard plates each include a plurality of sealing blocks that can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the front guard plate or the rear guard plate, and the sealing blocks form a sealing curtain along the circumference of the guard plate where they are located.

[0064] Beneficial effects: The tunnel boring machine of the present invention is an improved invention. The mixed spraying system in the tunnel boring machine of the present invention is configured with a spraying isolation device. The isolation main frame of the spraying isolation device can make the entire device move back and forth in the front and rear directions of the tunnel with the spraying arm of the spraying equipment to adapt to different spraying positions in front and back. The sealing structure of the front and rear protective plates can be sealed with the tunnel walls on both sides of the front and rear of the spraying position to prevent rebound materials and dust from escaping from here. The slag collecting trough can be used to collect rebound materials in a centralized manner to prevent them from spreading everywhere and being unable to be cleaned. When in use, the slag collecting trough, the front and rear protective plates and the tunnel wall together form an anti-diffusion cavity that can inhibit the diffusion of rebound materials and dust, thereby limiting the pollution range of rebound materials and dust as a whole. The spray arm avoidance hole can avoid the spray arm of the spraying equipment to prevent interference with it when it is working. The present invention can limit the pollution range of rebound materials and dust during the spraying process through the cooperation of the slag collecting trough, the front protective plate and the rear protective plate, and can make the rebound materials more concentrated, so it is easier to clean. In summary, the present invention solves the problem of difficult cleaning of rebounding materials and dust pollution during tunnel shotcrete support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 is a front view of the embodiment 1 of the shotcrete isolation device of the present invention in the installed state; Figure 2 is a first stereoscopic view of the embodiment 1 of the shotcrete isolation device of the present invention in the installed state; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of Figure 5 is a second stereoscopic view of the embodiment 1 of the shotcrete isolation device of the present invention in the installed state; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the dust removal system; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the visual monitoring device; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a visual monitoring device without the protective window; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the shotcrete isolation device of the present invention in cooperation with a tunnel in a use state; Fig.11It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mechanical flexible sealing device; Fig.12 yes Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the sealing block in the process of retraction; Fig.13 yes Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the sealing block when extended.

[0066] In the figure: 1. Isolation main frame; 101. Front protection plate; 102. Rear protection plate; 103. Sealing structure; 104. Slag collecting tank; 105. Spray arm avoidance hole; 106. Scraper frame avoidance hole; 2. Spraying bridge; 3. Spray arm trolley; 4. Spray head; 5. Tunnel wall; 6. Spray arm; 7. Spray arm trolley; 8. Mechanical flexible sealing device; 801. Sealing block; 802. Spring; 9. Dust removal system; 901. Fan; 902. Dust collector; 903. 03. Dust hood; 904. Dust sensor; 905. Fan controller; 10. Slag scraping system; 1001. Slag cleaning scraper; 1002. Scraper frame; 1003. Flushing nozzle; 1004. Slag collecting bucket; 1005. Scraper frame driving device; 1006. Scraper frame driving gear; 1007. Gear ring; 11. Monitoring device; 1101. Protective cover; 1102. Visual probe; 1103. Protective window; 1104. Cleaning nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0068] During tunnel construction, faced with the problem of rebound materials in the tunnel shotcrete support link polluting the construction area and being difficult to clean, the measures commonly adopted in the prior art are to expand the receiving range and receive the rebound materials as much as possible within the rebound range of the rebound materials to improve the timeliness of treatment and prevent them from solidifying; faced with the problem of flying dust in the shotcrete support link, the measures commonly adopted in the prior art are water mist dust reduction, or the use of tunnel ventilation equipment to reduce dust and other measures. The basic concept is "light occurrence, heavy governance", and it mainly focuses on later governance, so the effect achieved is limited. The shotcrete isolation device of the present invention adopts an inventive concept that is completely different from the prior art. It controls the impact range of rebound materials and dust at the beginning of their generation. On the premise of controlling their impact range, it then processes the controlled rebound materials and dust, thereby greatly optimizing the treatment effect.

[0069] Based on the above inventive concept, a basic implementation of the shotcrete isolation device of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1-5 , Fig.10As shown, the shotcrete isolation device includes an isolation main frame 1, which is used to be installed on the shotcrete equipment so as to be movable forward and backward. That is, when in use, the isolation main frame 1 can be installed on the shotcrete equipment and reciprocate forward and backward along the shotcrete equipment. The forward and backward moving direction of the shotcrete equipment is the forward and backward direction of the tunnel. Specifically, the isolation main frame 1 can be installed on the shotcrete bridge 2 of the shotcrete equipment, or it can be installed on the spray arm trolley 3 of the shotcrete equipment. The isolation main frame 1 mainly serves to isolate the shotcrete area from other areas. It can move forward and backward in order to follow the nozzle 4 of the shotcrete equipment and always cover the nozzle 4 of the shotcrete equipment.

[0070] in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Fig.10 In the figure, two sets of shotcrete trolleys are shown. To ensure the simplicity of the drawing, only one set of shotcrete isolation devices is shown, which actually corresponds to each other. Of course, in some cases, two sets of shotcrete equipment can also share one set of shotcrete isolation devices.

[0071] As a typical structure, the isolation main frame 1 includes a front guard plate 101 and a rear guard plate 102. The outer edges of the front and rear guard plates are respectively provided with sealing structures 103 for sealing with the tunnel wall 5. Since the spraying area needs to be isolated from other areas, the overall outer contour shape of the front and rear guard plates and the sealing structure 103 is preferably the same as or at least similar to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel wall 5. For example, when the tunnel cross-sectional shape is circular, the overall outer contour shape of the front and rear guard plates and the sealing structure 103 is an arc shape (since the tunnel bottom does not need to be sprayed, the bottom does not need to be protected); when the tunnel cross-sectional shape is a horseshoe shape, the overall outer contour shape of the front and rear guard plates and the sealing structure 103 is a horseshoe shape. Of course, since the requirements for sealing performance here do not need to be too high, the shapes of the front and rear guard plates and their sealing structures 103 do not need to be exactly the same as the tunnel cross-section, and they only need to be able to play a certain sealing and isolation role.

[0072] A slag collecting trough 104 is provided between the front and rear guard plates, and the slag collecting trough 104 closes the opening between the inner edges of the front and rear guard plates. When in use, the slag collecting trough 104, the front and rear guard plates and the tunnel wall 5 together form an anti-diffusion cavity which can suppress the diffusion of rebound materials and dust. The above-mentioned "suppressing the diffusion of rebound materials and dust" can be understood as fully preventing their diffusion, or can be understood as partially preventing their diffusion, that is, the "suppression" here does not emphasize "complete blocking".

[0073] Since the nozzle 4 of the shotcrete spraying equipment needs to perform circular spraying on the tunnel wall 5 along the circumference of the tunnel along the spray arm 6 and the spray arm trolley 7 during construction, the spray arm 6 equipped with the nozzle 4 also needs to be able to move along the circumference of the tunnel. Therefore, a spray arm avoidance hole 105 for avoiding the spray arm 6 of the shotcrete spraying equipment is provided on at least one of the front and rear protective plates. Since it is necessary to avoid the spray arm 6, the extension path of the spray arm avoidance hole 105 in the circumferential direction of the tunnel should naturally coincide with the moving path of the spray arm 6 when it is working. This should be understandable to technicians in this field, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0074] By using the shotcrete isolation device of the present invention, when performing tunnel shotcrete support operations, the spray arm 6 of the shotcrete equipment can be passed through the spray arm avoidance hole 105, so that the nozzle 4 of the shotcrete equipment is located in the anti-diffusion chamber, and the rebound material and dust generated during the shotcrete process will be confined to the anti-diffusion chamber, thereby at least to a certain extent avoiding the problem of rebound material and dust polluting the tunnel. During the shotcrete support operation, the position of the nozzle 4 of the shotcrete equipment will change in the front and rear directions. During this process, the isolation main frame 1 can change with the change of the nozzle position to meet the needs of supporting different positions in the front and rear of the tunnel. When the nozzle 4 moves along the circumference of the tunnel under the driving action of the spray arm 6, the spray arm avoidance hole 105 can prevent the corresponding protective plate from interfering with the movement of the spray arm, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the shotcrete support operation.

[0075] On the basis of the above basic implementation, as a preferred implementation, a flexible sealing device (not shown in the figure) is provided at the spray arm avoidance hole 105 .

[0076] Since the width of the spray arm 6 is much smaller than the length of the spray arm avoidance hole 105 in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, during the construction process, in addition to the position where the spray arm 6 is located, the other parts of the spray arm avoidance hole 105 will form a dust escape channel. Although compared with the free drift of dust in the prior art, a small amount of dust escape here can be accepted by people, but in order to achieve a better dust prevention effect, the flexible sealing device is provided in the preferred embodiment. Specifically, the flexible sealing device can adopt the curtain-type sealing device in the prior art, and a cloth curtain, a rubber curtain or the like is provided on the upper hole edge and / or the lower hole edge of the spray arm avoidance hole to form a curtain. The curtain is in a closed state in the initial state. When the spray arm 6 reaches the corresponding position, the position is squeezed open by the spray arm 6; a brush-type sealing device or the like can also be used, which will not be elaborated here. Of course, in some embodiments, a mechanical flexible sealing device 8 can also be used, such as Figure 11-13 As shown ( Figure 11-13The mechanical flexible sealing device 8 may include sealing blocks 801 arranged relatively to each other in upper and lower positions. The sealing blocks 801 are movably matched with the protective plates where they are located and are topped with springs 802. The sealing blocks 801 relatively to each other in upper and lower positions form a structure similar to human teeth. In a natural state, the teeth bite to form a seal. When the spray arm 6 reaches the corresponding position, the teeth are squeezed open by the spray arm 6 to avoid the spray arm.

[0077] Based on the above embodiments, as another preferred embodiment, the spraying isolation device also includes a dust removal system 9, such as Figure 7 As shown, the dust removal system 9 includes an air inlet and an exhaust port arranged on the front protective plate 101 and / or the rear protective plate 102, the exhaust port is connected to a fan 901, and a dust collector 902 is arranged on the air path between the fan 901 and the exhaust port, or the fan is a dust removal fan.

[0078] During the spraying operation, dust will be continuously generated in the area covered by the nozzle 4. When the amount of dust accumulates to a certain extent, on the one hand, it may affect the visibility of the spraying area, resulting in the spraying support operation being obstructed to a certain extent, reducing the efficiency of the spraying support operation, or affecting the spraying support effect; the accumulation of dust will also lead to an increase in the degree of dust escape on the other hand. Therefore, in this preferred embodiment, the spraying isolation device also includes a dust removal system 9. Since the above-mentioned anti-diffusion chamber will form a closed effect to a certain extent, the dust removal system 9 includes an air inlet and an exhaust port arranged on the front protective plate 101 and / or the rear protective plate 102. The air inlet is used to replenish the air in the anti-diffusion chamber, and the exhaust port is to be able to lead the dust in the anti-diffusion chamber for treatment; the exhaust port is connected to a fan 901, and a dust collector 902 is arranged on the air path between the fan 901 and the exhaust port. When in use, the dust in the anti-diffusion chamber can be led out by the fan, and the dust led out of the anti-diffusion chamber can be filtered by the dust collector 902. Of course, there are dust removal fans in the prior art, and dust removal fans have dust removal functions, so the fan can also be a dust removal fan, and the above-mentioned dust collector can be omitted. In order to achieve a better dust removal effect, a dust hood 903 can be set on the front guard plate 101 and / or the rear guard plate 102.

[0079] In some specific embodiments, the exhaust port of the fan 901 can be connected to the air inlet to form a circulating air path; in other embodiments, the inlet of the fan 901 can also be connected to the air inlet channel of the TBM, and the outlet of the fan 901 can be connected to the air outlet channel of the TBM.

[0080] On the basis of the preferred embodiment in which the dust removal system 9 is configured, a dust sensor 904 is further provided on the front guard plate 101 and / or the rear guard plate 102, and a fan controller 905 of the fan 901 is connected to the dust sensor 904 to control the opening and closing and power of the fan according to the signal of the dust sensor 904. The dust sensor 904 is connected to the fan controller to realize automatic control of the working state of the fan 901, thereby reducing the power consumption of the fan 901 and improving the noise pollution in the construction area; the dust sensor and the fan capable of realizing the above functions are both prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0081] During the spraying operation, the rebound material is continuously generated, and the performance required of the rebound material determines that it will solidify quickly. Therefore, if the rebound material in the slag collecting tank 104 cannot be cleaned in time, it may solidify in the slag collecting tank 104, which brings inconvenience to the cleaning of the slag collecting tank 104. Therefore, based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, the spraying isolation device of the present invention is equipped with a scraping system 10, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the slag scraping system 10 includes a slag scraper 1001 arranged in the slag collecting trough 104 and movable along the slag collecting trough 104, and the slag scraper 1001 has a scraper frame 1002 extending out of the front protective plate 101 and / or the rear protective plate 102, and a scraper frame avoidance hole 106 corresponding to the scraper frame is arranged on the corresponding protective plate.

[0082] In this embodiment, the slag scraper 1001 moves along the slag collecting tank 104, and can scrape the rebounded material in the slag collecting tank 104 to the two ends of the slag collecting tank 104, so as to centrally process it. Specifically, the slag scraper 1001 can be perpendicular to the slag collecting tank and have the same shape as the cross-section of the slag collecting tank 104, or it can be set at a certain angle to the slag collecting tank 104. At this time, the slag scraper 1001 will form a scraping effect on the slag collecting tank, reducing the resistance of the scraping process. The scraper frame 1002 serves as the skeleton of the slag scraper, and at least one end thereof extends to the corresponding protective plate. Therefore, it is necessary to set a scraper frame avoidance hole 106 on the protective plate. The scraper frame avoidance hole 106 can ensure the free movement of the scraper frame 1002 and the slag scraper 1001 relative to the slag collecting tank 104. The scraper frame 1002 extends out of the protective plate to realize driving the scraper outside the diffusion prevention chamber, such as manual driving, manual driving with the help of corresponding equipment, or configuring the scraper frame with a driving device, etc., to clean the slag collecting tank 104 while the shotcrete support operation is in progress.

[0083] The design principle of the scraper frame avoidance hole 106 is the same as that of the spray arm avoidance hole, so it will not be described in detail here. If the scraper frame avoidance hole is not handled, it will also cause dust leakage to a certain extent. Therefore, as a more preferred embodiment, a flexible sealing device is provided at the scraper frame avoidance hole 106. The structure and setting method of the flexible sealing device can refer to the flexible sealing device described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0084] Although the slag scraper 1001 can scrape off the rebound material, its scraping effect is limited after all. After a large amount of rebound material is scraped off by the slag scraper 1001, a small amount of rebound material will inevitably remain on the surface of the slag collecting tank 104. In view of this, as a further preferred embodiment, a flushing nozzle 1003 for flushing the slag collecting tank 104 is provided on the slag scraper 1001. The flushing nozzle 1003 can, on the one hand, clean the rebound material in the slag collecting tank 104 more thoroughly, and on the other hand, dilute the rebound material to prevent it from solidifying quickly, thereby meeting the requirements for recycling. In order to realize the automatic recycling of the rebound material, as a preferred embodiment, the two ends of the slag collecting tank 104 are respectively provided with a slag collecting bucket 1004, and the rebound material in the slag collecting tank 104 can directly fall into the slag collecting bucket 1004 under the action of the slag scraper and the flushing nozzle.

[0085] As mentioned above, at least one end of the scraper frame 1002 extends outside the corresponding protective plate, and a driving device can be configured for the scraper frame 1002 outside the protective plate to drive it to move automatically. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the scraper frame 1002 extending out of the front guard plate 101 or the rear guard plate 102 is equipped with a scraper frame driving device 1005, which is used to drive the scraper frame to reciprocate along the slag collecting trough 104. The scraper frame driving device 1005 can act on the scraper frame using a synchronous belt, a reciprocating winch mechanism, etc. As a preferred embodiment, the scraper frame 1002 is provided with a scraper frame driving gear 1006, and the isolation main frame 1 is provided with a gear ring 1007 that cooperates with the scraper frame driving gear, and the scraper frame driving device 1005 is in transmission connection with the scraper frame driving gear 1006. The specific form of this structure can refer to the structural form of the spray arm of the spraying equipment on the spraying cart. For example, a circular track with an "I"-shaped cross-section can be set on the protective plate of the isolation main frame, and the part of the scraper frame located outside the protective plate is set as a rail car, and the gears of the scraper frame driving device are set on the rail car. Since it is a common structure in this field to realize the circumferential movement of components along the tunnel, it will not be described in detail here.

[0086] In the case where the scraper frame driving device 1005 is configured, in order to further ensure the timeliness and effectiveness of slag cleaning, in a preferred embodiment, a slag accumulation monitoring sensor (not shown in the figure) is configured for the slag collecting tank 104, and the controller of the scraper frame driving device 1005 is connected to the slag accumulation monitoring sensor to be started according to the signal of the slag accumulation monitoring sensor. The slag accumulation monitoring sensor can be configured as a visual sensor, etc. In some preferred embodiments, it can also be a pressure sensor or an ultrasonic height sensor. When a pressure sensor is used, a liner can be arranged in the slag collecting tank, and the pressure sensor can be arranged between the bottom of the slag collecting tank 104 and the liner, and the amount of slag accumulation can be judged by measuring the pressure change caused by the gravity of the slag accumulation in the pressure sensor.

[0087] It should be specially noted here that, although in the above-mentioned embodiment, the scraper frame driving device 1005 is equipped with a slag monitoring sensor to control the slag cleaning timing, those skilled in the art should understand that, in other embodiments, the scraper frame driving device 1005 can also be kept in operation, so that it can always maintain the slag scraping mode during the shotcrete support operation; or it can be set to a control mode of timed opening and closing, and these methods are all feasible.

[0088] During the process of shotcrete support, it is necessary to monitor the effect of shotcrete support in real time, and determine the position, time and other conditions of shotcrete according to the effect of shotcrete support. Since the above-mentioned diffusion prevention chamber will block the sight of construction personnel, in a preferred embodiment, a monitoring device 11 for monitoring the effect of shotcrete is also provided on at least one of the front and rear guard plates. Construction personnel can control the shotcrete process according to the feedback of the monitoring device 11. Of course, it should be specially noted here that there are shotcrete equipment with monitoring devices in the prior art, such as monitoring devices provided on the nozzles or spray arms of the shotcrete equipment. In this case, the monitoring device in the shotcrete isolation device of the present invention can be selectively removed or retained.

[0089] The monitoring device 11 can be a visual monitoring device or a scanning device; a laser radar or an ultrasonic radar can be used to scan and model the tunnel wall to determine the actual shotcrete effect. Preferably, the monitoring device 11 is a visual device. Due to the particularity of working conditions, such as Figure 8 , 9 As shown, the visual monitoring device may include a protective cover 1101 and a visual probe 1102 disposed in the protective cover 1101, a protective window 1130 is disposed on the protective cover 1101 corresponding to the visual probe 1102, and the protective window 1103 is equipped with a cleaning nozzle 1104. The number and position of the visual device can be arbitrarily arranged according to actual needs.

[0090] It has been mentioned above that sealing structures are respectively provided on the front and rear guard plates to cooperate with the tunnel wall seal. In a preferred embodiment, the sealing structure is an elastic sealing plate, and the elastic sealing plate is fixedly mounted on the front guard plate 101 and the rear guard plate 102. Specifically, the elastic sealing plate can be a rubber plate or the like. Of course, in addition to the elastic sealing plate, the sealing structure can also be a brush seal or the like, which will not be described in detail here. Regarding the sealing structure, in another typical embodiment, the sealing structures on the front and rear guard plates each include a plurality of sealing blocks that can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the front guard plate or the rear guard plate, and the sealing blocks form a sealing curtain along the circumference of the guard plate where they are located. Specifically, the sealing blocks can be metal blocks, rubber blocks, nylon blocks, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0091] Embodiments of the mixed spray system of the present invention: The mixed spraying system includes a spraying device, the spraying device includes a spraying bridge 2, a spraying arm 6 and a spraying arm trolley 3 for driving the spraying arm 6 to move back and forth in the front and rear directions, and a spraying isolation device is provided on the spraying bridge or the spraying arm trolley 3 of the spraying device. The spraying isolation device is the spraying isolation device of the present invention, which will not be described in detail here.

[0092] Embodiments of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention: The tunnel boring machine includes a spray mixing system, which is the spray mixing system of the present invention and will not be described in detail here.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shotcrete isolation device, characterized in that: It comprises an isolation main frame installed on the shotcrete equipment for being movable forward and backward, the isolation main frame comprises a front protective plate and a rear protective plate, the outer edges of the front and rear protective plates are respectively provided with sealing structures for sealing with the tunnel wall, a slag collecting trough is provided between the front and rear protective plates, when in use, the slag collecting trough together with the front and rear protective plates and the tunnel wall forms an anti-diffusion cavity which can suppress the diffusion of rebound material and dust, and a spray arm avoidance hole for avoiding the spray arm of the shotcrete equipment is provided on at least one of the front and rear protective plates.

2. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible sealing device is arranged at the avoidance hole of the spray arm.

3. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The spraying isolation device also includes a dust removal system, which includes an air inlet and an exhaust port arranged on the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, the exhaust port is connected to a fan, and a dust collector is arranged on the air path between the fan and the exhaust port, or the fan is a dust removal fan.

4. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet.

5. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A dust sensor is also provided on the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, and the controller of the fan is connected to the dust sensor to control the opening and closing and power of the fan according to the signal of the dust sensor.

6. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The slag collecting trough is provided with a slag cleaning scraper which can move along the slag collecting trough, and the slag cleaning scraper has a scraper frame extending out of the front protective plate and / or the rear protective plate, and a scraper frame avoidance hole corresponding to the scraper frame is provided on the corresponding protective plate.

7. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A flexible sealing device is arranged at the avoidance hole of the scraper frame.

8. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A flushing nozzle for flushing the slag collecting tank is arranged on the slag cleaning scraper.

9. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Slag collecting hoppers are respectively arranged at both ends of the slag collecting trough.

10. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The portion of the scraper frame extending out of the front guard plate or the rear guard plate is provided with a scraper frame driving device for driving the scraper frame to reciprocate along the slag collecting trough.

11. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The scraper frame is provided with a scraper frame driving gear, the isolation main frame is provided with a gear ring matched with the scraper frame driving gear, and the scraper frame driving device is drivingly connected with the scraper frame driving gear.

12. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The slag collecting tank is provided with a slag accumulation monitoring sensor, and the scraper frame driving device is connected to the slag accumulation monitoring sensor to be started according to the signal of the slag accumulation monitoring sensor.

13. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The slag accumulation monitoring sensor is a pressure sensor or an ultrasonic height sensor.

14. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Slag collecting hoppers are respectively arranged at both ends of the slag collecting trough.

15. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A monitoring device for monitoring the spraying effect is also arranged on at least one of the front and rear guard plates.

16. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The monitoring device is a visual monitoring device or a scanning device.

17. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The visual monitoring device comprises a protective cover and a visual probe arranged in the protective cover. A protective window is arranged on the protective cover corresponding to the visual probe, and the protective window is equipped with a cleaning nozzle.

18. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sealing structure is an elastic sealing plate, and the elastic sealing plate is fixedly mounted on the front protective plate and the rear protective plate.

19. The shotcrete isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sealing structures on the front and rear guard plates respectively include a plurality of sealing blocks which can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the front guard plate or the rear guard plate, and the sealing blocks form a sealing curtain along the circumference of the guard plate where they are located.

20. A mixed spraying system, comprising a spraying device, wherein the spraying device comprises a spraying bridge, a spraying arm and a spraying arm trolley for driving the spraying arm to move back and forth in a front-back direction, characterized in that: The shotcrete isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 19 is provided on the shotcrete bridge or the shotcrete arm trolley of the shotcrete equipment.

21. A roadheader, comprising a mixing and spraying system, characterized in that: The mixed spray system is the mixed spray system according to claim 20.

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