Natural gas long-distance transportation pipeline pressure control system based on automation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas transportation, and discloses an automation-based natural gas long-distance transportation pipeline pressure control system, which comprises a pressure monitoring and control unit used for carrying out real-time monitoring, data analysis and valve control on the pressure in a natural gas long-distance transportation pipeline; the remote monitoring and communication unit is used for remote transmission, real-time feedback and alarm of pressure data; the executing and driving unit is used for driving accurate opening and closing operation of the valve and guaranteeing safety; the power supply guarantee unit is used for providing power support; and the safety protection unit is used for ensuring the safety operation of the natural gas long-distance transportation pipeline pressure control system based on automation in different environments. According to the invention, the high-precision pressure sensor and the embedded intelligent data processing module are adopted, real-time signal acquisition, filtering and algorithm analysis are carried out, and high-pressure, low-pressure and pressure drop rate multi-dimensional judgment logic is combined, so that the accuracy and response speed of pressure anomaly detection are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of natural gas transportation, and in particular to an automation-based long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system. Background Art

[0002] As an important clean energy, long-distance natural gas pipelines play a vital role in energy transportation. However, since gas pipelines usually extend hundreds or even thousands of kilometers in complex geographical environments, such as mountainous areas, Gobi Desert, and remote areas far from the power grid, their operation safety and pressure control accuracy have a key impact on the efficiency and safety of natural gas transmission.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of automation technology, embedded control technology and remote communication technology, the intelligent transformation of long-distance natural gas pipelines has become an important direction for the development of the industry. The automated control system can significantly improve the safety and efficiency of pipeline operation and reduce operation and maintenance costs through real-time pressure monitoring, data analysis and automatic valve control functions.

[0004] In the existing technology, some pipeline pressure control systems based on automation have initially realized the functions of pressure monitoring and valve control, but there are still deficiencies. The traditional natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control system only relies on a single threshold judgment of the pressure value (such as high pressure or low pressure) to identify anomalies, while ignoring key dynamic characteristics such as the pressure change rate. For the risks caused by rapid pressure fluctuations (such as leakage, excessive pressure drop, etc.), the existing technology cannot identify them in time, which easily leads to the accumulation and spread of accident risks. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control system based on automation, aiming to improve the problem that the traditional natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control system only relies on a single threshold judgment of the pressure value to identify anomalies.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution, based on an automated natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control system, comprising: Pressure monitoring and control unit, used for real-time monitoring, data analysis and valve control of the pressure in the natural gas long-distance pipeline; Remote monitoring and communication unit, used for remote transmission of pressure data, real-time feedback and alarm; Actuator and drive unit, used to drive the precise opening and closing operation of the valve and ensure safety; Power supply guarantee unit, used to provide power support; The safety protection unit is used to ensure the safe operation of the automation-based long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system in different environments.

[0007] Preferably, the pressure monitoring and control unit comprises: The pressure detection module includes a pressure sensor with a range of 0-2000PSI and an accuracy of not less than ±1%, and is used to collect the pressure value in the natural gas pipeline in real time; A data processing module, including a 16-bit or higher microprocessor, combines the high pressure cut-off value, low pressure cut-off value and pressure drop rate threshold set by the pressure threshold to calculate and analyze the pressure data trend; The control execution module includes a solenoid valve and a mechanical transmission module linked to the valve. When the pressure is abnormally ultra-high pressure, ultra-low pressure or the pressure drop rate is abnormal, the valve closing operation is automatically triggered and the state is locked.

[0008] Preferably, the remote monitoring and communication unit comprises: Remote terminal module, using FisherROC312 remote operation controller, supports reading pressure data every 5 seconds and calculating the average pressure over a user-defined time period; The communication module adopts MODBUSRTU protocol and supports real-time transmission of pressure data, abnormal alarms and operating instructions; The alarm and feedback module generates sound and light signals including overpressure alarm and pressure drop rate exceeding standard alarm, and records abnormal pressure events through time tags.

[0009] Preferably, the execution and driving unit includes: Solenoid valve module, the solenoid valve working power supply is 18-30VDC, the power consumption is not higher than 6W, it supports 500-700 meters of signal transmission, and has a non-excitation mode for normal valve switching operation and an excitation mode for emergency closing operation; The transmission module, which consists of rotating blades and a transmission shaft, is used to convert the gas pressure change into the mechanical movement of the valve; The redundant protection module adopts a dual redundant solenoid valve design and is mainly used for valve closing operations in emergency situations, meeting SIL2 certification.

[0010] Preferably, the power supply guarantee unit includes: Solar power supply module, including solar panels and explosion-proof controller, provides a voltage fluctuation range of no more than 24±5%VDC, suitable for scenarios without power supply; Backup battery module, using lithium batteries or other high energy density batteries, provides 5-7 days of continuous backup power supply, and the battery life is not less than 3 years; The power supply monitoring module detects the battery voltage, remaining power and power supply fault status in real time, and feeds back to the SCADA system through the communication module.

[0011] Preferably, the safety protection unit comprises: Explosion-proof module, the shell explosion-proof grade is not less than ExdⅡBT4, the junction box protection grade is not less than IP65, suitable for different environments; Surge protection module, with surge protectors installed at the communication signal, switch signal and power input, in compliance with GB18802 standard; The isolation module sets up the gas pipeline and the electrical system independently to avoid safety accidents caused by the interaction of gas leakage and electrical sparks.

[0012] Preferably, the data processing module sets a high-pressure shutoff value, a low-pressure shutoff value and a pressure drop rate threshold, and when it detects that the pressure exceeds any set value, it automatically triggers the solenoid valve to close the valve, generates an abnormal alarm signal, and records event data including the abnormal pressure value, the time of the abnormality and the valve status. All records are accompanied by time tags and support remote storage and retrieval.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution, based on an automated natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control method, comprising the following steps: S1. Real-time pressure monitoring, data analysis and judgment The real-time pressure value in the natural gas long-distance pipeline is collected through high-precision pressure sensors; The collected pressure data is transmitted to the microprocessor and analyzed based on the preset high pressure cut-off value, low pressure cut-off value and pressure drop rate threshold. When it is detected that the pressure exceeds any set value or the pressure drop rate is abnormal, it is judged as an abnormal pressure state; S2, valve control Under abnormal pressure conditions, the solenoid valve is triggered to control the pipeline valve to close and lock the valve state. The solenoid valve adopts the non-excitation mode for normal switching operation and the excitation mode for emergency closing operation; S3. Abnormal alarm and event recording and remote control and feedback Generate abnormal alarm signals, notify remote monitoring and communication units through sound and light alarms and remote communication modules, and record abnormal pressure values, abnormal occurrence time and valve status. All records are accompanied by time tags; Upload pressure data, alarm information and valve status to the SCADA system through the communication module, supporting remote operation and data retrieval; S4. Power supply guarantee The pressure monitoring and control system is continuously powered by a solar power supply system and a backup battery. The power supply fluctuation range is controlled within 24±5%VDC. When the main power supply is interrupted, the backup battery can provide continuous operating power for no less than 5 days. S5. Safety protection During the pressure monitoring and control process, explosion-proof solenoid valves and flameproof enclosures are used. Surge protection modules are used to ensure the safety of communication signals and power supply systems. The gas pipeline and electrical system are set up independently to avoid safety hazards.

[0014] In a third aspect, the invention provides the following technical solution: a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned automation-based long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control method when executing the computer program.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned automation-based long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control method.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, high-precision pressure sensors and embedded intelligent data processing modules are used. Through real-time signal acquisition, filtering and algorithm analysis, combined with high pressure, low pressure and pressure drop rate multi-dimensional judgment logic, the accuracy and response speed of pressure anomaly detection are significantly improved. The PID control algorithm embedded in the data processing module can dynamically adjust the valve action to achieve precise pressure control. In addition, the system supports remote pressure data transmission and trend analysis through the MODBUSRTU protocol, showing the technical advantages of intelligence and automation.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, multi-level protection measures are adopted in the safety design, including the rapid response mechanism of abnormal pressure, the locking function of the solenoid valve, the explosion-proof and isolation design, etc., which can effectively avoid the expansion of accidents. When overpressure, low pressure or abnormal pressure drop rate is detected, the system can trigger the solenoid valve to close the valve within milliseconds, generate an alarm signal and lock the valve state, ensuring the stability of pipeline operation and the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, through high-frequency pressure acquisition (1 time / second) and real-time pressure status analysis, the system can quickly detect anomalies and trigger responses, thereby improving the efficiency of pipeline pressure control. The remote monitoring and communication unit can upload monitoring data, alarm events and valve status to the SCADA system, and operators can fully understand the pipeline operation without frequent on-site inspections. At the same time, the system provides strong support for pipeline optimization operation through pressure trend analysis and data recording functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is the overall system architecture diagram of the automated long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system proposed by the present invention; Figure 2This is a diagram of the pressure monitoring and control unit architecture of the automated natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control system proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram of the architecture of the remote monitoring and communication unit of the automated natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control system proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 This is the execution and drive unit architecture diagram of the automated long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram of the power supply guarantee unit architecture of the automated natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control system proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the safety protection unit architecture of the automated natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control system proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a method flow chart of the automated natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control method proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1 Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 In a first embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides an automated long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system, comprising: Pressure monitoring and control unit, used for real-time monitoring, data analysis and valve control of the pressure in the natural gas long-distance pipeline; Remote monitoring and communication unit, used for remote transmission of pressure data, real-time feedback and alarm; Actuator and drive unit, used to drive the precise opening and closing operation of the valve and ensure safety; Power supply guarantee unit, used to provide power support; The safety protection unit is used to ensure the safe operation of the automation-based long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system in different environments.

[0022] Specifically, this system significantly improves the accuracy and response speed of pressure monitoring through the combination of high-precision pressure sensors and embedded data processing modules, and can complete the detection and processing of abnormal pressure conditions within milliseconds. The data processing module adopts intelligent algorithms, including real-time signal filtering, PID control and multi-threshold judgment logic, to achieve accurate identification and dynamic adjustment of high pressure, low pressure and pressure drop rate anomalies, ensuring the accuracy and rapidity of valve control. At the same time, the system has a fast-response abnormal protection mechanism, which can automatically trigger the solenoid valve to close the valve and lock the state when overpressure or low pressure anomalies occur, preventing the accident from further expanding. In addition, the remote monitoring and communication unit supports real-time data upload and alarm feedback, and can achieve efficient pipeline monitoring and operation without on-site manual intervention, greatly improving the operating efficiency and safety of the system. Combining intelligent technology with automated response mechanisms, this system has demonstrated strong technical advantages in pressure control and fault handling.

[0023] The pressure monitoring and control unit includes: The pressure detection module includes a pressure sensor with a range of 0-2000PSI and an accuracy of not less than ±1%, and is used to collect the pressure value in the natural gas pipeline in real time; A data processing module, including a 16-bit or higher microprocessor, combines the high pressure cut-off value, low pressure cut-off value and pressure drop rate threshold set by the pressure threshold to calculate and analyze the pressure data trend; The control execution module includes a solenoid valve and a mechanical transmission module linked to the valve. When the pressure is abnormally ultra-high pressure, ultra-low pressure or the pressure drop rate is abnormal, the valve closing operation is automatically triggered and the state is locked.

[0024] Specifically, the pressure monitoring and control unit This unit is the core of the system, responsible for real-time monitoring of the pressure status in the pipeline and controlling the opening or closing of the valve according to the analysis results. It includes the following modules: Pressure detection module This module uses strain gauge or MEMS pressure sensor with a range of 0-2000PSI and an accuracy of no less than ±1%.

[0025] The sensor signal is amplified by a high-precision, low-noise operational amplifier (such as the TIINA series) and then connected to a 24-bit high-precision ADC (such as the ADS1256) for analog-to-digital conversion to ensure high resolution of the signal.

[0026] In order to adapt to harsh environmental conditions, the sensor housing is designed to be explosion-proof, meeting ExdⅡBT4 standards and having an IP65 protection grade.

[0027] The data output end is connected to the data processing module using a shielded cable to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference on the signal.

[0028] Bottom-layer compensation algorithm: Use the built-in temperature sensor to monitor ambient temperature changes in real time, combine interpolation method to perform temperature compensation, and correct the nonlinear drift of the sensor.

[0029] Data processing module The data processing module uses a microprocessor with an ARMCortex-M4 or M7 core (such as the STM32F4 series), runs a real-time operating system (RTOS), and supports multi-task parallel processing.

[0030] Signal filtering technology: Adopting adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm, the filtering parameters are dynamically adjusted in the dynamic pressure change scenario to ensure the stability and real-time performance of the signal.

[0031] The built-in PID control algorithm calculates the control instructions through the deviation between the real-time pressure and the target pressure to achieve precise control of the valve.

[0032] Abnormal judgment logic: The pressure change rate is calculated through the sliding window algorithm, and the pressure drop rate is dynamically evaluated to see if it exceeds the threshold, thereby triggering abnormal state processing.

[0033] Control execution module The control execution module controls the action of the solenoid valve through the MOSFET power drive circuit, and the power consumption is controlled at ≤6W.

[0034] The solenoid valve is driven by a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to ensure smooth movement and minimal noise when the valve is opened or closed.

[0035] State feedback design: Add a Hall sensor to monitor the valve switch position and feed it back to the microprocessor through ADC to record the valve execution status (such as "fully open" or "fully closed").

[0036] Locking mechanism: When an abnormal pressure state is detected, the solenoid valve switches to the excitation mode to close the valve and achieves physical locking through the relay to prohibit unauthorized manual unlocking operations.

[0037] The remote monitoring and communication unit includes: Remote terminal module, using FisherROC312 remote operation controller, supports reading pressure data every 5 seconds and calculating the average pressure through the time period set by the user; The communication module adopts MODBUSRTU protocol and supports real-time transmission of pressure data, abnormal alarms and operating instructions; The alarm and feedback module generates sound and light signals including overpressure alarm and pressure drop rate exceeding standard alarm, and records abnormal pressure events through time tags.

[0038] Specifically, the remote monitoring and communication unit The unit realizes real-time data interaction between the system and the remote monitoring center, ensuring the visualization and controllability of pipeline operation status.

[0039] Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) The RTU uses an industrial-grade controller (such as FisherROC312) and supports multi-channel acquisition of analog signals (4-20mA) and digital signals.

[0040] The internal NOR Flash memory supports the recording of pressure data in multiple time periods (such as real-time value, 5-minute average and 30-minute average), with a storage capacity of no less than 8MB. It is connected to an external EEPROM via the I2C bus for regular backup to ensure data integrity.

[0041] Equipped with a hardware watchdog circuit, it can automatically reset and resume normal operation if software abnormalities occur in extreme environments.

[0042] Communication Module It supports RS485 and optical fiber communication interfaces, and uses multi-mode optical fiber to achieve high-speed data transmission within a range of 10 kilometers, meeting the monitoring needs of long-distance pipelines.

[0043] Configured with MODBUSRTU protocol stack, supports CRC16 data verification to ensure the integrity and accuracy of data during transmission.

[0044] Bottom-layer optimization: Add pressure change trend transmission function code based on MODBUS function code to support the transmission of pressure trend data in continuous time period and improve data analysis capability.

[0045] Alarm and feedback module On-site, the high-brightness LED and industrial-grade buzzer send out sound and light alarm signals, and the signal strength can be adjusted to adapt to different environmental noise conditions.

[0046] Event recording function: The alarm module stores abnormal pressure events, occurrence time and corresponding valve status in the embedded database, and uses the B-tree index structure to improve event retrieval efficiency.

[0047] The alarm records are time stamped by the real-time clock (RTC) built into the RTU, with a time accuracy error of less than ±1 second.

[0048] The safety protection unit includes: Explosion-proof module, the shell explosion-proof grade is not less than ExdⅡBT4, the junction box protection grade is not less than IP65, suitable for different environments; Surge protection module, with surge protectors installed at the communication signal, switch signal and power input, in compliance with GB18802 standard; The isolation module sets up the gas pipeline and the electrical system independently to avoid safety accidents caused by the interaction of gas leakage and electrical sparks.

[0049] Specifically, Pressure monitoring and control unit This unit is the core of the system, responsible for real-time monitoring of the pressure status in the pipeline and controlling the opening or closing of the valve according to the analysis results. It includes the following modules: Pressure detection module This module uses strain gauge or MEMS pressure sensor with a range of 0-2000PSI and an accuracy of no less than ±1%.

[0050] The sensor signal is amplified by a high-precision, low-noise operational amplifier (such as the TIINA series) and then connected to a 24-bit high-precision ADC (such as the ADS1256) for analog-to-digital conversion to ensure high resolution of the signal.

[0051] In order to adapt to harsh environmental conditions, the sensor housing is designed to be explosion-proof, meeting ExdⅡBT4 standards and having an IP65 protection grade.

[0052] The data output end is connected to the data processing module using a shielded cable to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference on the signal.

[0053] Bottom-layer compensation algorithm: Use the built-in temperature sensor to monitor ambient temperature changes in real time, combine interpolation method to perform temperature compensation, and correct the nonlinear drift of the sensor.

[0054] Data processing module The data processing module uses a microprocessor with an ARMCortex-M4 or M7 core (such as the STM32F4 series), runs a real-time operating system (RTOS), and supports multi-task parallel processing.

[0055] Signal filtering technology: Adopting adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm, the filtering parameters are dynamically adjusted in the dynamic pressure change scenario to ensure the stability and real-time performance of the signal.

[0056] The built-in PID control algorithm calculates the control instructions through the deviation between the real-time pressure and the target pressure to achieve precise control of the valve.

[0057] Abnormal judgment logic: The pressure change rate is calculated through the sliding window algorithm, and the pressure drop rate is dynamically evaluated to see if it exceeds the threshold, thereby triggering abnormal state processing.

[0058] Control execution module The control execution module controls the action of the solenoid valve through the MOSFET power drive circuit, and the power consumption is controlled at ≤6W.

[0059] The solenoid valve is driven by a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to ensure smooth movement and minimal noise when the valve is opened or closed.

[0060] State feedback design: Add a Hall sensor to monitor the valve switch position and feed it back to the microprocessor through ADC to record the valve execution status (such as "fully open" or "fully closed").

[0061] Locking mechanism: When an abnormal pressure state is detected, the solenoid valve switches to the excitation mode to close the valve and achieves physical locking through the relay to prohibit unauthorized manual unlocking operations.

[0062] Remote monitoring and communication unit This unit realizes real-time data interaction between the system and the remote monitoring center, ensuring the visualization and controllability of pipeline operation status.

[0063] Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) The RTU uses an industrial-grade controller (such as FisherROC312) and supports multi-channel acquisition of analog signals (4-20mA) and digital signals.

[0064] The internal NOR Flash memory supports the recording of pressure data in multiple time periods (such as real-time value, 5-minute average and 30-minute average), with a storage capacity of no less than 8MB. It is connected to an external EEPROM via the I2C bus for regular backup to ensure data integrity.

[0065] Equipped with a hardware watchdog circuit, it can automatically reset and resume normal operation if software abnormalities occur in extreme environments.

[0066] Communication Module It supports RS485 and optical fiber communication interfaces, and uses multi-mode optical fiber to achieve high-speed data transmission within a range of 10 kilometers, meeting the monitoring needs of long-distance pipelines.

[0067] Configured with MODBUSRTU protocol stack, supports CRC16 data verification to ensure the integrity and accuracy of data during transmission.

[0068] Bottom-layer optimization: Add pressure change trend transmission function code based on MODBUS function code to support the transmission of pressure trend data in continuous time period and improve data analysis capability.

[0069] Alarm and feedback module On-site, the high-brightness LED and industrial-grade buzzer send out sound and light alarm signals, and the signal strength can be adjusted to adapt to different environmental noise conditions.

[0070] Event recording function: The alarm module stores abnormal pressure events, occurrence time and corresponding valve status in the embedded database, and uses the B-tree index structure to improve event retrieval efficiency.

[0071] The alarm records are time stamped by the real-time clock (RTC) built into the RTU, with a time accuracy error of less than ±1 second.

[0072] Execution and drive unit Solenoid valve module The solenoid valve adopts a stainless steel valve body, meets the ExdⅡBT4 explosion-proof grade requirements, has an IP65 protection grade, and can operate for a long time in a hazardous gas environment.

[0073] Equipped with dual redundant solenoid valve design, the main solenoid valve is used for normal operation, and the redundant solenoid valve is used to take over the control task to prevent system failure caused by main valve failure.

[0074] Transmission module The valve opening and closing angle is monitored in real time by a rotary encoder, and precise angle adjustment is achieved through the PID algorithm embedded in the MCU.

[0075] Mechanical reset function: In the event of power failure, the valve is reset to the preset position (fully open or fully closed) through a spring-loaded reset mechanism to ensure safety.

[0076] Power supply guarantee unit Solar power module Use MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm to optimize solar panel charging efficiency and maintain high energy conversion rate in low light conditions.

[0077] Add overcharge protection circuit, when the battery voltage exceeds 28.8V, the charging path will be automatically cut off.

[0078] Backup battery module The backup battery adopts a lithium battery pack design with a voltage balancing module to avoid overcharging or over-discharging caused by inconsistent voltages of series-connected batteries.

[0079] Power supply monitoring module Equipped with a power monitoring IC (such as INA219) to detect the battery voltage, current and remaining power in real time, and report the power supply status to the main MCU through the I2C interface.

[0080] Safety protection unit Surge protection module The dual protection structure of Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) and Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) is adopted to ensure that the system can withstand lightning surge or high voltage transient.

[0081] Isolation Design A photoelectric isolator is configured between the communication signal and the power supply system, with an isolation withstand voltage of ≥5000V, to ensure that the electrical system and the gas system do not affect each other under abnormal circumstances.

[0082] The data processing module sets the high-pressure shut-off value, low-pressure shut-off value and pressure drop rate threshold. When it detects that the pressure exceeds any set value, it automatically triggers the solenoid valve to close the valve, generates an abnormal alarm signal, and records event data including abnormal pressure value, abnormal occurrence time and valve status. All records are accompanied by time tags and support remote storage and retrieval.

[0083] Specifically, 1. Set the high voltage cutoff value, low voltage cutoff value and voltage drop rate threshold 1.1 Parameter setting and storage High pressure cut-off value and low pressure cut-off value: set through the embedded human-machine interface (HMI) or remote monitoring system (SCADA). Users can set reasonable upper and lower limits according to the design pressure range of pipeline operation, for example: The high pressure cut-off value is set to 1200PSI (exceeding this value is considered overpressure).

[0084] The low pressure cut-off value is set to 300PSI (pressure below this value is considered insufficient).

[0085] Pressure drop rate threshold: Dynamically evaluated by the sliding window algorithm, the user can set the rate threshold, such as a pressure drop rate of 30PSI per second.

[0086] Parameter values ​​are stored in the embedded Flash memory and automatically saved after power failure to ensure the consistency of operating parameters.

[0087] 1.2 Temperature compensation and calibration The data processing module monitors the ambient temperature through the built-in temperature sensor, and dynamically corrects the high and low pressure thresholds in combination with the temperature coefficient of the pressure sensor to ensure accuracy under different temperature conditions.

[0088] Algorithm: Use multi-point linear interpolation to correct high and low pressure set points based on real-time temperature values.

[0089] 2. Pressure over-limit detection and judgment 2.1 Real-time pressure acquisition and signal processing The data processing module collects the analog signal of the pressure sensor in real time through a high-precision ADC (such as 24-bit ADS1256) and performs digital processing.

[0090] Signal processing includes: De-noising: Adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm is used to eliminate high-frequency interference signals and ensure the stability of pressure data.

[0091] Sliding window calculation: Use a 5-second window to calculate the real-time pressure change rate and dynamically update the rate value.

[0092] 2.2 Pressure state judgment logic The module compares the pressure value with the high pressure cut-off value and the low pressure cut-off value in real time: If the pressure value exceeds the high pressure cut-off value, it is judged as an "overpressure" state.

[0093] If the pressure value is lower than the low pressure cut-off value, it is judged as a "low pressure" state.

[0094] For abnormal pressure drop rate, the judgment logic is: If the pressure change rate detected in the sliding window exceeds the preset threshold (such as 30PSI / s), it is judged as "abnormal pressure drop rate".

[0095] 2.3 Trigger signal generation When overpressure, low pressure or abnormal pressure drop rate is detected, the module generates a control signal through the digital output port to immediately trigger the solenoid valve to close the pipeline valve.

[0096] 3. Solenoid valve closing and abnormal alarm signal generation 3.1 Solenoid valve drive signal The data processing module controls the solenoid valve drive circuit through PWM signals to achieve rapid valve closing operations: Trigger logic: When the pressure state is abnormal, the PWM signal output duty cycle is set to 100% to ensure that the solenoid valve is completely switched to the closed state.

[0097] Locking function: Switch to the locking state through the relay to prevent the valve from reopening due to misoperation.

[0098] 3.2 Alarm signal generation Abnormal alarm signals are output in the following two ways: Sound and light alarm: The high-brightness LED light flashes and the buzzer sounds an sound and light alarm on site to alert the operator.

[0099] Remote alarm: upload alarm data to the remote monitoring center through the communication module (such as MODBUSRTU protocol).

[0100] 4. Event data recording and time tagging 4.1 Recording event data When an abnormal pressure state occurs, the data processing module records the following event information: Abnormal pressure value: record the pressure value when it exceeds the limit (such as the overpressure value is 1250PSI).

[0101] Abnormal occurrence time: The built-in real-time clock (RTC) generates a timestamp accurate to the second.

[0102] Valve status: record the valve action status when an abnormality occurs (such as "fully closed").

[0103] 4.2 Data Storage Mechanism The recorded data is stored in the module's embedded database, using a B-tree index structure to support fast retrieval of historical records.

[0104] Data structure example: Timestamp: 2024-12-26 14:35:00 Abnormal type: Overpressure Abnormal pressure value: 1250PSI Valve status: fully closed.

[0105] 4.3 Time tag addition The time stamp of data recording is provided by RTC, and the time accuracy error is less than ±1 second, ensuring the synchronization of recording between different devices.

[0106] The timestamp format supports the ISO8601 standard (such as YYYY-MM-DDHH:MM:SS), which is convenient for subsequent analysis and review.

[0107] 5. Remote storage and access 5.1 Data Upload The data processing module uploads event data to the SCADA system through the communication module, and supports retrieval and review by time or event type.

[0108] The communication adopts MODBUSRTU protocol, and the remote reading of data is realized through the function code 0x03 (read holding register).

[0109] 5.2 Review and Analysis The remote monitoring system supports filtering records by event type (such as "overpressure" or "low pressure").

[0110] The data processing module can display pressure changes through trend charts in the SCADA system to help operators analyze pipeline status.

[0111] Through the above detailed description, the data processing module can not only realize the rapid detection and response of pressure anomalies, but also has complete event recording, time stamping and remote management functions to ensure the safe operation and efficient maintenance of the natural gas pipeline.

[0112] Embodiment 2: Reference Figure 7 In a second embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control method based on automation, comprising the following steps: S1. Real-time pressure monitoring, data analysis and judgment The real-time pressure value in the natural gas long-distance pipeline is collected through high-precision pressure sensors; The collected pressure data is transmitted to the microprocessor and analyzed based on the preset high pressure cut-off value, low pressure cut-off value and pressure drop rate threshold. When it is detected that the pressure exceeds any set value or the pressure drop rate is abnormal, it is judged as an abnormal pressure state; S2, valve control Under abnormal pressure conditions, the solenoid valve is triggered to control the pipeline valve to close and lock the valve state. The solenoid valve adopts the non-excitation mode for normal switching operation and the excitation mode for emergency closing operation; S3. Abnormal alarm and event recording and remote control and feedback Generate abnormal alarm signals, notify remote monitoring and communication units through sound and light alarms and remote communication modules, and record abnormal pressure values, abnormal occurrence time and valve status. All records are accompanied by time tags; Upload pressure data, alarm information and valve status to the SCADA system through the communication module, supporting remote operation and data retrieval; S4. Power supply guarantee The pressure monitoring and control system is continuously powered by a solar power supply system and a backup battery. The power supply fluctuation range is controlled within 24±5%VDC. When the main power supply is interrupted, the backup battery can provide continuous operating power for no less than 5 days. S5. Safety protection During the pressure monitoring and control process, explosion-proof solenoid valves and flameproof enclosures are used. Surge protection modules are used to ensure the safety of communication signals and power supply systems. The gas pipeline and electrical system are set up independently to avoid safety hazards.

[0113] Specific, for example: S1, real-time pressure monitoring High-precision pressure sensors are deployed at key nodes of long-distance natural gas pipelines (such as starting points, intermediate stations and terminal stations).

[0114] The measuring range of each sensor is 0-2000PSI, with an accuracy of no less than ±1%, and the output signal is connected to the data processing module via a shielded cable.

[0115] The analog signal output by the sensor is amplified by a low-noise operational amplifier and then input into a 24-bit ADC for digital processing.

[0116] The sampling frequency was set to 1 Hz (sampling pressure value once per second).

[0117] Data analysis and judgment The pressure data is transmitted in real time to the data processing module, which runs the embedded algorithm to perform the following operations: High and low pressure threshold judgment: The high pressure cut-off value is set at 1200PSI and the low pressure cut-off value is set at 300PSI.

[0118] If the current pressure value exceeds the high pressure threshold or is lower than the low pressure threshold, it is determined to be an abnormal state.

[0119] Pressure drop rate judgment: The sliding window algorithm is used to calculate the rate of change of pressure (in PSI / s) over a 5 second period.

[0120] When the rate exceeds the set threshold of 30PSI / s, it is judged as "abnormal pressure drop rate".

[0121] Signal processing and stability enhancements: The adaptive Kalman filter algorithm is applied to eliminate pressure signal fluctuations in a short period of time and improve the accuracy of anomaly detection.

[0122] S2, trigger the solenoid valve to close the valve When it is determined to be an abnormal state, the data processing module sends a control signal to the solenoid valve drive module through the control interface, triggering the pipeline valve to close: Control signal generation: The open / closed state of the solenoid valve is adjusted by the PWM signal, and the duty cycle is set to 100% to ensure complete closure.

[0123] Valve status feedback: After the valve is closed, the valve position is fed back through the Hall sensor, and the data processing module confirms that the valve state is "fully closed".

[0124] Abnormal lock: After closing, the valve enters a lockout mode and cannot be reopened without authorization.

[0125] S3. Abnormal alarm signal generation When an abnormal state occurs, the system generates an alarm signal and outputs it to local and remote locations: Local alarm: The high-brightness LED light will flash and the buzzer will sound (alarm intensity ≥ 80dB) to remind on-site operators.

[0126] Remote alarm: Abnormal status and alarm information are uploaded to the SCADA system via the MODBUSRTU protocol, including abnormal type (such as "overpressure"), pressure value and time.

[0127] Event Log The system records detailed data when an abnormal state occurs and attaches a time tag: The records include: Abnormal pressure value (eg: 1250PSI).

[0128] The time when the exception occurred (for example: 2024-12-26 14:35:00).

[0129] Valve status (e.g. "fully closed").

[0130] Data is stored in the embedded Flash memory using a B-tree index structure, supporting fast retrieval by time and type.

[0131] Remote storage and access The abnormal data is uploaded to the SCADA system through the communication module. The SCADA system displays the pressure abnormality trend chart and alarm event details for operators to analyze the pipeline operation status.

[0132] Users can remotely access historical event records through the SCADA system.

[0133] S4. Power supply guarantee The entire system is operated by a solar power module and a backup battery module: The solar panel provides the system with a stable power supply of 24±5%VDC through the MPPT controller.

[0134] When the solar power supply is interrupted, the backup lithium battery provides at least 5 days of operating power guarantee.

[0135] Example scenario During the operation of a natural gas long-distance pipeline, the pressure detection module collected a real-time pressure value of 1250PSI in a section of the pipeline, which exceeded the set high-pressure cut-off value of 1200PSI. The system determined that it was an abnormal overpressure state, immediately triggered the solenoid valve to close the valve and generate an alarm signal, and recorded the following data at the same time: Abnormal pressure value: 1250PSI Abnormal time: 2024-12-2614:35:00 Valve status: fully closed The recorded data is uploaded to the SCADA system through the communication module and displayed on the remote monitoring interface. The operator then analyzes the cause of the pressure abnormality and takes subsequent maintenance measures.

[0136] Embodiment 3 The third embodiment of the present invention is based on the same inventive concept. The present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the automatic natural gas long-distance pipeline pressure control method of the above embodiment.

[0137] Embodiment 4 The fourth embodiment of the present invention is based on the same inventive concept. The present invention proposes a computer device, the terminal includes: a processor, a memory; the processor and the memory communicate with each other; the memory is used to store instructions; the processor is used to execute the instructions in the memory, and execute the automation-based long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control method of the above embodiment.

[0138] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0139] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The automatic long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system is characterized by: include: Pressure monitoring and control unit, used for real-time monitoring, data analysis and valve control of the pressure in the natural gas long-distance pipeline; Remote monitoring and communication unit, used for remote transmission of pressure data, real-time feedback and alarm; Actuator and drive unit, used to drive the precise opening and closing operation of the valve and ensure safety; Power supply guarantee unit, used to provide power support; The safety protection unit is used to ensure the safe operation of the automation-based long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system in different environments.

2. The automatic long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure monitoring and control unit comprises: The pressure detection module includes a pressure sensor with a range of 0-2000PSI and an accuracy of not less than ±1%, and is used to collect the pressure value in the natural gas pipeline in real time; A data processing module, including a 16-bit or higher microprocessor, combines the high pressure cut-off value, low pressure cut-off value and pressure drop rate threshold set by the pressure threshold to calculate and analyze the pressure data trend; The control execution module includes a solenoid valve and a mechanical transmission module linked to the valve. When the pressure is abnormally ultra-high pressure, ultra-low pressure or the pressure drop rate is abnormal, the valve closing operation is automatically triggered and the state is locked.

3. The automatic long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The remote monitoring and communication unit comprises: Remote terminal module, using FisherROC312 remote operation controller, supports reading pressure data every 5 seconds and calculating the average pressure over a user-defined time period; The communication module adopts MODBUSRTU protocol and supports real-time transmission of pressure data, abnormal alarms and operating instructions; The alarm and feedback module generates sound and light signals including overpressure alarm and pressure drop rate exceeding standard alarm, and records abnormal pressure events through time tags.

4. The automatic long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The execution and driving unit comprises: Solenoid valve module, the solenoid valve working power supply is 18-30VDC, the power consumption is not higher than 6W, it supports 500-700 meters of signal transmission, and has a non-excitation mode for normal valve switching operation and an excitation mode for emergency closing operation; The transmission module, which consists of rotating blades and a transmission shaft, is used to convert the gas pressure change into the mechanical movement of the valve; The redundant protection module adopts a dual redundant solenoid valve design and is mainly used for valve closing operations in emergency situations, complying with SIL2 certification.

5. The automatic long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power supply guarantee unit comprises: Solar power supply module, including solar panels and explosion-proof controller, provides a voltage fluctuation range of no more than 24±5%VDC, suitable for scenarios without power supply; Backup battery module, using lithium batteries or other high energy density batteries, provides 5-7 days of continuous backup power supply, and the battery life is not less than 3 years; The power supply monitoring module detects the battery voltage, remaining power and power supply fault status in real time, and feeds back to the SCADA system through the communication module.

6. The automatic long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The safety protection unit comprises: Explosion-proof module, the shell explosion-proof grade is not less than ExdⅡBT4, the junction box protection grade is not less than IP65, suitable for different environments; Surge protection module, with surge protectors installed at the communication signal, switch signal and power input, in compliance with GB18802 standard; The isolation module sets up the gas pipeline and the electrical system independently to avoid safety accidents caused by the interaction of gas leakage and electrical sparks.

7. The automatic long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data processing module sets the high-pressure shutoff value, low-pressure shutoff value and pressure drop rate threshold. When it detects that the pressure exceeds any set value, it automatically triggers the solenoid valve to close the valve, generates an abnormal alarm signal, and records event data including the abnormal pressure value, abnormal occurrence time and valve status. All records are accompanied by time tags and support remote storage and retrieval.

8. A method for controlling the pressure of a long-distance natural gas pipeline based on automation, characterized in that: The automatic long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: S1. Real-time pressure monitoring, data analysis and judgment The real-time pressure value in the natural gas long-distance pipeline is collected through high-precision pressure sensors; The collected pressure data is transmitted to the microprocessor and analyzed based on the preset high pressure cut-off value, low pressure cut-off value and pressure drop rate threshold. When it is detected that the pressure exceeds any set value or the pressure drop rate is abnormal, it is judged as an abnormal pressure state; S2, valve control Under abnormal pressure conditions, the solenoid valve is triggered to control the pipeline valve to close and lock the valve state. The solenoid valve adopts the non-excitation mode for normal switching operation and the excitation mode for emergency closing operation; S3. Abnormal alarm and event recording and remote control and feedback Generate abnormal alarm signals, notify remote monitoring and communication units through sound and light alarms and remote communication modules, and record abnormal pressure values, abnormal occurrence time and valve status. All records are accompanied by time tags; Upload pressure data, alarm information and valve status to the SCADA system through the communication module, supporting remote operation and data retrieval; S4. Power supply guarantee The pressure monitoring and control system is continuously powered by a solar power supply system and a backup battery. The power supply fluctuation range is controlled within 24±5%VDC. When the main power supply is interrupted, the backup battery can provide continuous operating power for no less than 5 days. S5. Safety protection During the pressure monitoring and control process, explosion-proof solenoid valves and flameproof enclosures are used. Surge protection modules are used to ensure the safety of communication signals and power supply systems. The gas pipeline and electrical system are set up independently to avoid safety hazards.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the automation-based long-distance natural gas pipeline pressure control method as described in claim 8 is implemented.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for controlling the pressure of a long-distance natural gas pipeline based on automation as described in claim 8 is implemented.

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