Hollow single-electrode direct current smelting furnace for corundum smelting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of smelting furnaces, and particularly discloses a hollow single-electrode direct-current smelting furnace for corundum smelting, which comprises a bottom electrode assembly, a furnace body assembly, a furnace cover assembly and a hollow electrode assembly, the bottom electrode assembly is connected with a direct-current power supply anode, the furnace body assembly is mounted on the bottom electrode assembly, and the furnace cover assembly is mounted on the furnace body assembly. The furnace body assembly is provided with a product flowing and discharging opening, a material plug is arranged in the product flowing and discharging opening, the furnace cover assembly is installed on the furnace body assembly, an exhaust pipe is arranged on the furnace cover assembly, the hollow electrode assembly penetrates through the furnace cover assembly and is communicated with the furnace body assembly, and the hollow electrode assembly is in sliding fit with the furnace cover assembly. The hollow electrode assembly is connected with the cathode of the direct-current power supply, and an electrode clamping and lifting mechanism is arranged on the hollow electrode assembly. The method is high in smelting efficiency, reduces energy consumption and cost, is environment-friendly, and effectively guarantees the health and safety of operators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of smelting furnaces, and in particular relates to a hollow single-electrode direct current smelting furnace for corundum smelting. Background Art

[0002] In the field of corundum smelting, the three-phase arc dumping furnace is the main smelting equipment in China. Although it meets the production needs to a certain extent, it is undeniable that it also has many obvious shortcomings.

[0003] In actual production scenarios, the energy consumption of the three-phase arc dumping furnace and its working principle determine that it requires a large amount of electricity to maintain the stability of the arc and the high temperature environment, which not only leads to a surge in production costs, but also puts pressure on the sustainable development of enterprises at a time when energy is increasingly scarce. At the same time, high energy consumption also means a greater impact on the environment, and the increase in carbon emissions runs counter to the low-carbon and environmental protection concept currently advocated by the world.

[0004] From the perspective of equipment maintenance, the three-phase arc dumping furnace has a complex structure and many parts. This makes the equipment maintenance more difficult and requires professional technicians to perform regular inspections and maintenance. Moreover, due to the long-term high temperature, high pressure and high current working environment, the parts wear and age quickly, and the frequency of replacement of parts is high, which undoubtedly increases the company's maintenance costs and production downtime, affecting production efficiency.

[0005] Furthermore, it is difficult to control the temperature of the three-phase arc dumping furnace during the smelting process. Due to the instability of the arc and the uneven distribution of materials in the furnace, local overheating or insufficient temperature is likely to occur. The uneven temperature will directly affect the quality and performance of corundum, making it difficult to ensure the quality consistency of the product. In order to achieve the ideal quality, multiple refining and adjustments are often required, which undoubtedly increases the complexity and time cost of production. In addition, the operational safety of this furnace is also an issue that cannot be ignored. The high-temperature furnace body, strong arc, and possible harmful gases all pose a potential threat to the life safety of the operator. Once an accident occurs, it will not only cause casualties, but may also cause serious damage to production facilities, causing huge economic losses to the company.

[0006] In terms of the expansion of production scale, the three-phase arc dumping furnace also has certain limitations. Due to its design and structural characteristics, it is not easy to achieve large-scale capacity expansion. This means that when market demand grows rapidly, enterprises may not be able to meet market demand in time by increasing the number of equipment or improving existing equipment, thus missing out on development opportunities.

[0007] In summary, although the three-phase arc dumping furnace has played a certain role in corundum smelting, it still has disadvantages in some aspects. Therefore, we propose a hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve at least one technical problem existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting comprises a bottom electrode assembly, a furnace body assembly, a furnace cover assembly and a hollow electrode assembly, wherein the bottom electrode assembly is connected to the anode of a DC power supply, the furnace body assembly is mounted on the bottom electrode assembly, a product discharge port is penetrated on the lower side wall of the furnace body assembly, a material plug is arranged in the product discharge port, the furnace cover assembly is mounted on the furnace body assembly, an exhaust duct is penetrated on the furnace cover assembly, the hollow electrode assembly penetrates the furnace cover assembly and is connected to the furnace body assembly, the hollow electrode assembly is slidably matched with the furnace cover assembly, the hollow electrode assembly is connected to the cathode of the DC power supply, and an electrode clamping and lifting mechanism which can control the height adjustment of the hollow electrode assembly is arranged on the hollow electrode assembly.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the bottom electrode assembly includes a bottom electrode shell, a bottom electrode insulating buffer layer is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode shell, a bottom electrode anode guide plate is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode insulating buffer layer, a bottom electrode anode conductive bonding layer is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode anode guide plate, a bottom electrode body is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode anode conductive bonding layer, and a bottom electrode protective layer is provided on the top surface of the bottom electrode body.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the furnace body assembly includes a furnace body shell, which is installed on the bottom electrode assembly, a furnace body insulation buffer layer is provided on the inner side of the furnace body shell, a furnace body refractory layer is provided on the inner side of the furnace body insulation buffer layer, and the product discharge port penetrates the furnace body shell, the furnace body insulation buffer layer and the furnace body refractory layer, and extends out from the lower side wall of the furnace body shell.

[0012] In a further technical solution, a product discharge trough is installed on the outer side of the furnace body shell at the product discharge port, and a bag receiving device is provided below the product discharge trough.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the furnace cover assembly includes a furnace cover shell, which is arranged on the furnace body assembly, the inner side of the furnace cover shell is provided with shell insulation material, the exhaust duct is arranged through the top surface of the furnace cover shell, and the middle part of the top surface of the furnace cover shell is provided with a through hole for the hollow electrode assembly to pass through.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the hollow electrode assembly includes a cathode conductive block protection cover and a hollow electrode hollow pipe. The cathode conductive block protection cover is arranged through the furnace cover assembly and is fixedly connected to the furnace cover assembly. The cathode conductive block protection cover is provided with a cathode terminal. The hollow electrode hollow pipe is slidably installed in the cathode conductive block protection cover. The electrode clamping and lifting mechanism is arranged on the hollow electrode hollow pipe and fixed on the factory floor support.

[0015] In a further technical solution, the electrode clamping and lifting mechanism includes a fixed plate, a connecting plate and a reset spring. The fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the hollow pipe of the hollow electrode, the connecting plate is movably arranged on the hollow pipe of the hollow electrode, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the factory floor bracket, the two ends of the reset spring are respectively connected to the fixed plate and the connecting plate, and the fixed plate and the connecting plate are provided with matching electromagnets.

[0016] In a further technical solution, it also includes an automatic quantitative feeding mechanism whose discharge port is aligned with the feed port of the hollow electrode assembly, and the automatic quantitative feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to a fixed bracket of the factory building.

[0017] In a further technical solution, the bottom electrode assembly, the furnace body assembly, the furnace cover assembly and the hollow electrode assembly are all cylindrical.

[0018] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Compared with the traditional three-phase arc dumping furnace, the present invention benefits from the characteristic of continuous heating of the charge column in the hollow pipe of the hollow electrode, which realizes full utilization of waste heat and greatly shortens the smelting time. It not only reduces the number of electrodes and electrode consumption, but also greatly reduces energy consumption, saving a lot of costs for the enterprise.

[0019] 2. The present invention adopts a DC arc, which accelerates the melting process of the charge with its high temperature characteristics, thereby greatly improving the smelting efficiency. At the same time, the hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace has a high natural power factor and can operate stably in the power grid without additional compensation, which not only reduces interference to the power grid, but also improves the overall energy efficiency of the smelting equipment. More importantly, due to the DC power supply mode, the inductive reactance is very low, and the equipment structure is simple, with only one set of short grids, which effectively reduces the impedance loss in the conductor and further reduces the energy consumption of the equipment.

[0020] 3. In the smelting process of the present invention, the furnace gas generated will be introduced into the heat exchanger and dust removal facilities through the exhaust pipe for treatment. At the same time, the existence of the material column effectively blocks the hollow pipe of the hollow electrode, preventing the harmful gas generated during the smelting process from leaking out, effectively protecting the environment and the health of operators, and reducing safety hazards in the smelting process.

[0021] 4. The present invention utilizes the existence of a bottom electrode protective layer, and the bottom electrode protective layer is ferrosilicon melt, which is a good conductor. It covers the bottom electrode body and together forms a composite anode of the smelting furnace, so that the melt in the furnace does not directly contact the bottom electrode body, ensuring that the carbon element of the bottom electrode body is not taken away, thereby greatly extending the service life of the bottom electrode body.

[0022] 5. In the present invention, the formation of the charge column in the hollow pipe of the hollow electrode enables the smelting state to be quickly entered by directly passing water, electricity and arc in the next smelting cycle, which provides a strong guarantee for the efficient operation of the hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure markings: 1-product discharge port, 2-material plug, 3-exhaust duct, 4-factory floor support, 5-bottom electrode shell, 6-bottom electrode insulation buffer layer, 7-bottom electrode anode guide plate, 8-bottom electrode anode conductive bonding layer, 9-bottom electrode body, 10-bottom electrode protective layer, 11-furnace body shell, 12-furnace body insulation buffer layer, 13-furnace body refractory layer, 14-product discharge trough, 15-connecting package, 16-furnace cover shell, 17-shell insulation material, 18-through hole, 19-cathode conductive block protective cover, 20-hollow electrode hollow pipe, 21-cathode terminal, 22-fixed plate, 23-connecting plate, 24-reset spring, 25-electromagnet, 26-automatic quantitative feeding mechanism, 27-factory fixed support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention provides a hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting, comprising a bottom electrode assembly, a furnace body assembly, a furnace cover assembly and a hollow electrode assembly, wherein the bottom electrode assembly is connected to the anode of a DC power supply, the furnace body assembly is mounted on the bottom electrode assembly, a product discharge port 1 is penetrated on the lower side wall of the furnace body assembly, a material plug 2 is arranged in the product discharge port 1, the furnace cover assembly is mounted on the furnace body assembly, an exhaust pipe 3 is penetrated on the furnace cover assembly, the hollow electrode assembly penetrates the furnace cover assembly and is connected to the furnace body assembly, the hollow electrode assembly is slidably matched with the furnace cover assembly, the hollow electrode assembly is connected to the cathode of the DC power supply, and an electrode clamping and lifting mechanism capable of controlling the height adjustment of the hollow electrode assembly is arranged on the hollow electrode assembly.

[0027] The working principle of this hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace is mainly based on the high-temperature melting effect of the DC arc. During operation, the anode of the DC power supply is connected to the bottom electrode assembly, and the cathode of the DC power supply is connected to the hollow electrode assembly, thereby forming a DC arc between the two. The high temperature generated by the arc is used to melt the corundum raw materials in the furnace. The specific smelting steps are as follows: First, it is necessary to confirm that all parts of the equipment are properly installed before the furnace can be opened. Before opening the furnace, the material plug 2 needs to be inserted into the product discharge port 1 in advance to prevent material leakage during the smelting process. Next, the hollow electrode assembly is connected to the cathode of the DC power supply, and the bottom electrode assembly is connected to the anode of the DC power supply. After that, the hollow electrode assembly is lowered to the bottom end to contact the bottom electrode assembly using the electrode clamping lifting mechanism. Then, the charge is put into the furnace body assembly through the hollow electrode assembly. It is worth noting that when a new furnace is opened for the first time, a certain height of the material column needs to be formed in the hollow electrode assembly before power is turned on to start the arc. After the arc is started, the material column enters the center of the arc and gradually melts under the push of its own weight and arc force. To ensure the continuity of the smelting process, it is necessary to continuously and stably feed the furnace according to the melting rate of the charge to keep the height of the material column in the hollow electrode assembly constant. As the charge continues to melt, the liquid level in the furnace body assembly continues to rise. During this process, the electrode clamping and lifting mechanism is required to raise the height of the hollow electrode assembly to maintain the stability of the voltage and current, thereby ensuring the stability of the arc and ensuring the balanced heating temperature, which is crucial to ensure that the quality of the product can be highly consistent. This process continues until all the charge is added. During the smelting process, the generated furnace gas will be introduced into the heat exchanger and dust removal facilities through the exhaust pipe 3 for treatment, which is beneficial to protecting the environment and the health of the operators and reducing the safety hazards in the smelting process. After the reduction reaction in the furnace is completely completed, the power is turned off and the smelting is completed. At this time, by pulling out the material plug 2, the product flows out from the product discharge port 1 and is collected until the product is completely exhausted. Finally, the electrode clamping and lifting mechanism is controlled to allow the hollow electrode assembly to drop to the bottom electrode assembly with the liquid level, and the material plug 2 is re-inserted. At this point, this smelting is completed. It is worth mentioning that since the smelting process is continuous and the charge column has been formed in the hollow electrode assembly, in the next smelting cycle, it is only necessary to directly pass water and electricity to start the arc to quickly enter the smelting state. Compared with the traditional three-phase arc dumping furnace, this hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace benefits from the characteristics of the continuous heating of the charge column in the hollow electrode assembly, which realizes the full utilization of waste heat, not only reducing the number of electrodes and reducing electrode consumption, but also greatly reducing energy consumption, saving a lot of costs for the enterprise. In addition, this hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace adopts DC arc, which accelerates the melting process of the charge with its high temperature characteristics, thereby greatly improving the smelting efficiency. At the same time, the natural power factor of this hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace is high, and it can operate stably in the power grid without additional compensation. This feature not only reduces the interference to the power grid, but also improves the overall energy efficiency of the smelting equipment. More importantly, due to the DC power supply mode, the inductive reactance of this hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace is very low, and the equipment structure is simple, with only one set of short nets, which effectively reduces the impedance loss in the conductor and further reduces the energy consumption of the equipment.

[0028] In further technical solutions, see Figure 1The bottom electrode assembly includes a bottom electrode shell 5, a bottom electrode insulating buffer layer 6 is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode shell 5, a bottom electrode anode guide plate 7 is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode insulating buffer layer 6, a bottom electrode anode conductive bonding layer 8 is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode anode guide plate 7, a bottom electrode body 9 is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode anode conductive bonding layer 8, and a bottom electrode protective layer 10 is provided on the top surface of the bottom electrode body 9.

[0029] The bottom electrode assembly is composed of a bottom electrode shell 5, a bottom electrode insulating buffer layer 6, a bottom electrode anode guide plate 7, a bottom electrode anode conductive bonding layer 8, a bottom electrode body 9 and a bottom electrode protective layer 10. The coordinated cooperation of these components provides a strong guarantee for the efficient and stable operation of the bottom electrode assembly. Specifically, the bottom electrode shell 5, as the outermost structure, ensures the structural stability of the bottom electrode assembly. The bottom electrode insulating buffer layer 6 on its inner side effectively enhances the insulation performance of the entire bottom electrode, which can prevent current leakage and ensure safety during the smelting process. The bottom electrode anode guide plate 7 is connected to the anode of the DC power supply, and transmits the current to the bottom electrode body 9 through the bottom electrode anode conductive bonding layer 8. This process optimizes the distribution of the current, thereby avoiding local overheating and current concentration, and extending the service life of the bottom electrode. The bottom electrode body 9 is the core component in the smelting process, which directly bears the effects of high temperature and electric arc. The bottom electrode protective layer 10 arranged thereon can effectively protect the bottom electrode body 9, reduce damage, and extend the service life of the bottom electrode body 9. It is worth mentioning that the existence of the bottom electrode protection layer 10 is of great significance for protecting the bottom electrode body 9. Since the reaction in the furnace is a reduction reaction using carbon elements, if the melt directly contacts the bottom electrode body 9, the melt will seize the carbon element in the bottom electrode body 9 to participate in the reaction, which greatly shortens the life of the bottom electrode body 9. In the production process of corundum products, carbon needs to be added as a reducing agent. At this time, iron is added as a clarifier, and some ferrosilicon will be produced after the smelting is completed. Due to its large specific gravity, ferrosilicon settles at the bottom of the furnace. The height of the product discharge port 1 of this hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace is higher than the bottom electrode body 9, allowing part of the ferrosilicon to stay at the bottom of the furnace. Since ferrosilicon is a good conductor, after power is turned on and melted, a layer of ferrosilicon melt is covered on the bottom electrode body 9. This layer of ferrosilicon solution and the bottom electrode body 9 together form a composite anode of the smelting furnace, so that the melt in the furnace does not directly contact the bottom electrode body 9, ensuring that the carbon element of the bottom electrode body 9 is not seized, greatly extending the service life of the bottom electrode body 9.

[0030] In further technical solutions, see Figure 1The furnace body assembly includes a furnace body shell 11, and the furnace body shell 11 is installed on the bottom electrode assembly. A furnace body insulation buffer layer 12 is provided on the inner side of the furnace body shell 11, and a furnace body refractory layer 13 is provided on the inner side of the furnace body insulation buffer layer 12. The product discharge port 1 penetrates the furnace body shell 11, the furnace body insulation buffer layer 12 and the furnace body refractory layer 13, and extends out from the lower side wall of the furnace body shell 11.

[0031] The furnace body assembly is composed of a furnace body shell 11, a furnace body insulation buffer layer 12 and a furnace body refractory layer 13, which ensures that the furnace body assembly can operate efficiently, safely and stably during the smelting process. Specifically, the furnace body shell 11, as the outermost structure, ensures the overall stability of the furnace body assembly. The furnace body insulation buffer layer 12 is located between the furnace body shell 11 and the furnace body refractory layer 13, playing a key insulation role, while effectively reducing heat loss, thereby reducing energy consumption. The furnace body refractory layer 13 directly bears high temperatures and maintains the stability of the smelting environment in the furnace, thereby ensuring the durability and reliability of the smelting process. The product discharge port 1 runs through the furnace body shell 11, the furnace body insulation buffer layer 12 and the furnace body refractory layer 13, ensuring the smooth outflow of the product after the smelting is completed.

[0032] In further technical solutions, see Figure 1 The product discharge port 1 is provided with a product discharge trough 14 on the outer side of the furnace body shell 11 , and a receiving bag 15 is provided below the product discharge trough 14 .

[0033] The product discharge port 1 accurately guides the smelted products into the receiving bag 15 through the product discharge trough 14, which is convenient for collection, measurement and transportation, avoids material scattering, and improves the accuracy and controllability of the production process.

[0034] In further technical solutions, see Figure 1 The furnace cover assembly includes a furnace cover shell 16, and the furnace cover shell 16 is covered on the furnace body assembly. The inner side of the furnace cover shell 16 is provided with a shell insulation material 17. The exhaust pipe 3 is penetrated and arranged on the top surface of the furnace cover shell 16. The middle part of the top surface of the furnace cover shell 16 is provided with a through hole 18 for the hollow electrode assembly to pass through.

[0035] The furnace cover assembly consists of a furnace cover shell 16 and a shell insulation material 17. The furnace cover shell 16 is installed on the furnace body assembly, and the shell insulation material 17 is filled inside the furnace cover shell, which can effectively reduce the transfer of heat from the furnace to the outside, maintain the stability of the high temperature environment in the furnace, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving smelting efficiency. The exhaust pipe 3 on the furnace cover shell 16 can discharge the furnace gas generated during the smelting process into the heat exchanger and dust removal facilities, ensuring the cleanliness of the working environment and further protecting the health and safety of the operators. The hollow electrode assembly is installed in the through hole 18 in the middle of the top surface of the furnace cover shell 16, which provides a strong guarantee for the efficient, safe and stable operation of the hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace.

[0036] In further technical solutions, see Figure 1 The hollow electrode assembly includes a cathode conductive block protection sleeve 19 and a hollow electrode hollow pipe 20. The cathode conductive block protection sleeve 19 is arranged on the furnace cover assembly and is fixedly connected to the furnace cover assembly. A cathode terminal 21 is arranged on the cathode conductive block protection sleeve 19. The hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 is slidably installed in the cathode conductive block protection sleeve 19. The electrode clamping and lifting mechanism is arranged on the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 and fixed on the plant floor support 4.

[0037] The hollow electrode assembly is composed of a cathode conductive block protective sleeve 19 and a hollow electrode hollow pipe 20, wherein the cathode conductive block protective sleeve 19 is fixedly mounted on the furnace cover assembly, and the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 is slidably mounted in the cathode conductive block protective sleeve 19. The cathode conductive block protective sleeve 19 is not only connected to the cathode of the DC power supply through the cathode terminal 21, thereby transmitting the current to the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 for use in the smelting process, but also isolates the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 from the furnace cover assembly, thereby improving the safety of the smelting operation. The hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 can not only serve as a channel for adding materials, but also form a material column, thereby improving the utilization rate of waste heat, greatly shortening the smelting time, and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the existence of the material column effectively blocks the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20, preventing the harmful gases generated during the smelting process from leaking out, and effectively protecting the health and safety of the operators.

[0038] In further technical solutions, see Figure 2 The electrode clamping and lifting mechanism includes a fixed plate 22, a connecting plate 23 and a reset spring 24. The fixed plate 22 is fixedly sleeved on the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20, and the connecting plate 23 is movably arranged on the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20. The connecting plate 23 is fixedly connected to the factory floor support 4. The two ends of the reset spring 24 are respectively connected to the fixed plate 22 and the connecting plate 23. The fixed plate 22 and the connecting plate 23 are provided with matching electromagnets 25.

[0039] The electrode clamping and lifting mechanism is coordinated through the fixed plate 22, the connecting plate 23, the reset spring 24 and the electromagnet 25. When powered on, a strong attraction is generated between the electromagnets 25. Since the connecting plate 23 is fixedly connected to the plant floor support 4, the electromagnet 25 attracts the fixed plate 22 to move upward, and the fixed plate 22 drives the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 to rise, thereby raising the height of the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 to maintain the stability of the voltage and current, thereby ensuring the stability of the arc. It is worth mentioning that the electrode clamping and lifting mechanism is usually equipped with a current controller for controlling the current input to the electromagnet 25, thereby achieving the control of the attraction, making the rise of the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 more stable, thereby effectively ensuring the stability of the arc. On the contrary, gradually reduce the current input to the electromagnet 25, and under the attraction and the elastic potential energy of the reset spring 24, the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 will slowly descend.

[0040] In further technical solutions, see Figure 1 , and also includes an automatic quantitative feeding mechanism 26 whose discharge port is aligned with the feeding port of the hollow electrode assembly, and the automatic quantitative feeding mechanism 26 is fixedly connected to a factory fixed bracket 27.

[0041] Through the automatic quantitative feeding mechanism 26, materials can be added to the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 in a quantitative manner efficiently and accurately, thereby ensuring that the height of the material column in the hollow electrode hollow pipe 20 remains unchanged. This not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of the smelting operation, but also avoids the errors and delays that may be caused by manual feeding. It also reduces labor intensity and enhances the adaptability of the equipment through its intelligent and automated operation mode, effectively ensuring the smelting quality, and bringing significant beneficial effects to the production practice of the smelting industry.

[0042] In a further technical solution, the bottom electrode assembly, the furnace body assembly, the furnace cover assembly and the hollow electrode assembly are all cylindrical.

[0043] The cylindrical design is conducive to the uniform distribution of heat, so that during the smelting process, the heating conditions of each part remain consistent, avoiding local overheating or low thermal efficiency. It not only improves the smelting efficiency, but also reduces manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulties.

[0044] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom electrode assembly, a furnace body assembly, a furnace cover assembly and a hollow electrode assembly, wherein the bottom electrode assembly is connected to the anode of a direct current power supply, the furnace body assembly is mounted on the bottom electrode assembly, a product discharge port (1) is provided through the lower side wall of the furnace body assembly, a material plug (2) is provided in the product discharge port (1), the furnace cover assembly is mounted on the furnace body assembly, an exhaust pipe (3) is provided through the furnace cover assembly, the hollow electrode assembly passes through the furnace cover assembly and is connected to the furnace body assembly, the hollow electrode assembly is slidably matched with the furnace cover assembly, the hollow electrode assembly is connected to the cathode of the direct current power supply, and an electrode clamping and lifting mechanism capable of controlling the height adjustment of the hollow electrode assembly is provided on the hollow electrode assembly.

2. The hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom electrode assembly comprises a bottom electrode shell (5), a bottom electrode insulating buffer layer (6) is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode shell (5), a bottom electrode anode guide plate (7) is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode insulating buffer layer (6), a bottom electrode anode conductive bonding layer (8) is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode anode guide plate (7), a bottom electrode body (9) is provided on the inner side of the bottom electrode anode conductive bonding layer (8), and a bottom electrode protective layer (10) is provided on the top surface of the bottom electrode body (9).

3. The hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body assembly comprises a furnace body shell (11), wherein the furnace body shell (11) is mounted on the bottom electrode assembly, a furnace body insulation buffer layer (12) is provided on the inner side of the furnace body shell (11), a furnace body refractory layer (13) is provided on the inner side of the furnace body insulation buffer layer (12), and the product discharge port (1) penetrates the furnace body shell (11), the furnace body insulation buffer layer (12) and the furnace body refractory layer (13), and extends from the lower side wall of the furnace body shell (11).

4. The hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The product discharge port (1) is provided with a product discharge trough (14) on the outside of the furnace body shell (11), and a bag receiving portion (15) is provided below the product discharge trough (14).

5. The hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace cover assembly comprises a furnace cover shell (16), the furnace cover shell (16) is covered on the furnace body assembly, the inner side of the furnace cover shell (16) is provided with a shell insulation material (17), the exhaust pipe (3) is arranged through the top surface of the furnace cover shell (16), and the middle part of the top surface of the furnace cover shell (16) is provided with a through hole (18) for the hollow electrode assembly to pass through.

6. The hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow electrode assembly comprises a cathode conductive block protective sleeve (19) and a hollow electrode hollow pipe (20); the cathode conductive block protective sleeve (19) is arranged on the furnace cover assembly and is fixedly connected to the furnace cover assembly; a cathode terminal (21) is arranged on the cathode conductive block protective sleeve (19); the hollow electrode hollow pipe (20) is slidably installed in the cathode conductive block protective sleeve (19); and the electrode clamping and lifting mechanism is arranged on the hollow electrode hollow pipe (20) and fixed on the factory floor support (4).

7. The hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrode clamping and lifting mechanism comprises a fixed plate (22), a connecting plate (23) and a return spring (24); the fixed plate (22) is fixedly sleeved on the hollow electrode hollow pipe (20); the connecting plate (23) is movably arranged on the hollow electrode hollow pipe (20); the connecting plate (23) is fixedly connected to a plant floor support (4); two ends of the return spring (24) are respectively connected to the fixed plate (22) and the connecting plate (23); and the fixed plate (22) and the connecting plate (23) are provided with matching electromagnets (25).

8. The hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an automatic quantitative feeding mechanism (26) whose discharge port is aligned with the feed port of the hollow electrode assembly, and the automatic quantitative feeding mechanism (26) is fixedly connected to a factory building fixed bracket (27).

9. The hollow single-electrode DC smelting furnace for corundum smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom electrode assembly, the furnace body assembly, the furnace cover assembly and the hollow electrode assembly are all cylindrical.

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