Air communication equipment power supply filter and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an air communication equipment power supply filter and a working method thereof. The power supply filter comprises a self-recovery protection module, a transient suppression module, a surge protection module and a power supply filtering module which are connected in sequence, the self-recovery protection module is used for isolating the circuit from a power supply end when the circuit is short-circuited or overcurrent is input, and recovering a normal state when the fault of the power supply input end is removed or the power is cut off; the transient suppression module is used for instantaneously absorbing and releasing transient energy generated by the bidirectional spike pulse; the surge protection module is used for bearing overvoltage surge and maintaining a short-time working state of an equipment circuit in an undervoltage state; the power supply filtering module is used for suppressing common-mode and differential-mode noise generated by power supply conduction. The power supply is small in size, low in power consumption and strong in function, has the functions of large-current overvoltage resistance, undervoltage resistance, surge suppression, spike pulse suppression, short-circuit protection and self-recovery, improves the reliability and stability of the power supply of the air communication equipment, and reduces the maintenance cost of the power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electronic communications, in particular to an airborne communication equipment power supply filter and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The digitalization and integration of airborne electronic equipment are constantly improving, and at the same time, a large number of microprocessors, switching power supplies and other devices that are prone to strong interference have been produced, and these devices are extremely sensitive to the surrounding electromagnetic environment. Relatively high-power airborne communication equipment shares the onboard power supply with other electronic equipment. While adapting to the characteristics of the onboard power supply, more consideration should be given to how to meet the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility standards for conducted emissions and conducted sensitivity.

[0003] Patent CN 219248412 U discloses a surge suppression power filter. By setting heat dissipation holes around the inner wall of the surge suppression power filter body, the filter can be effectively cooled with an exhaust fan, while blocking the noise emitted by the internal components and the motor, and blocking the straight-through holes that allow dust to easily enter the filter. It can effectively solve the problems of component heat dissipation, noise prevention and dust prevention, and improve the service life and use effect of the surge suppression power filter. However, it is difficult to meet the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility standard on conducted emission and conducted sensitivity, and cannot be applied to air communication equipment; Patent CN 2904421 Y discloses a blocking type overvoltage surge suppression power filter, including a KL module and an EMI power filter, wherein the EMI power filter is composed of a multi-stage common mode circuit and a differential mode circuit, the KL module is connected in series to the positive end of the power supply connected to the EMI power filter, and a dedicated IC and a peripheral circuit are used to form the KL module, and the KL module is connected in series to the positive end of the power supply connected to the EMI power filter. When the +80V surge voltage appears, the KL module quickly blocks the power path, protecting the subsequent equipment from the impact of the overvoltage surge. When the voltage returns to normal, the KL module immediately connects to the power supply, and the equipment returns to the normal power supply working state. It has the characteristics of small size, fast response speed, perfect protection function, and high reliability. However, it cannot meet the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility standard for conducted emission and conducted sensitivity in order to solve the problems of conducted emission of power line, conducted emission of power line spike signals, and conducted sensitivity. Therefore, it is urgent to study a power filter with excellent performance to solve the filtering problem of the power supply of air communication equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an airborne communication equipment power supply filter and a working method thereof which can suppress surge voltage, suppress spike pulses and solve the problems of power line conduction emission, power line spike signal conduction emission and conduction sensitivity.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: a power filter for airborne communication equipment, comprising a self-recovery protection module, a transient suppression module, a surge protection module and a power filter module connected in sequence;

[0006] The self-recovery protection module is used to isolate the circuit from the power supply end when the circuit is short-circuited or over-current input occurs, thereby protecting the communication equipment, and to restore the normal state when the power supply input end fails or the power is cut off;

[0007] The transient suppression module is used to instantly absorb and release the transient energy generated by the bidirectional spike pulse;

[0008] The surge protection module is used to withstand overvoltage surges and maintain a short-time working state of the device circuit under an undervoltage state;

[0009] The power supply filter module is used to suppress common-mode and differential-mode noise generated by power supply conduction.

[0010] Further, the self-recovery protection module includes a self-recovery fuse F1;

[0011] When the circuit is short-circuited or overcurrent input occurs, the resettable fuse F1 can be quickly cut off to isolate the circuit from the power supply end and play a protective role; when the fault at the power input end is eliminated or the power is cut off, the resettable fuse F1 returns to normal.

[0012] Furthermore, the resettable fuse F1 is made of polymer resin and nano-conductive crystal particles;

[0013] Under normal circumstances, the nano-conductive crystals are linked with the resin base to form a chain-like conductive path, and the fuse works normally;

[0014] When a short circuit or overload occurs in the circuit, the large current flowing through the fuse causes the collector temperature to rise. When the Curie temperature is reached, the state density decreases, the phase change increases, the internal conductive link undergoes an avalanche state change or breaks, the fuse transitions to a high-resistance state in a step-like manner, and the current is cut off, thereby limiting and protecting the circuit. When the power is off and the fault is eliminated, the collector temperature decreases, the state density increases, the phase change recovers, the nanocrystals are restored to a chain-like conductive path, and the self-resetting fuse returns to normal.

[0015] Further, the transient suppression module includes a first transient suppression diode V1, a second transient suppression diode V2 and a power supply filter capacitor C1;

[0016] When both ends of the first transient suppression diode V1 and the second transient suppression diode V2 are subjected to a transient high-energy impact, the first transient suppression diode V1 and the second transient suppression diode V2 can instantly reduce their impedance at a very high speed, absorb energy at the same time, and clamp the voltage between their two ends to a predetermined value, thereby ensuring that the subsequent circuit components are protected from damage by the transient high-energy impact; the power supply filter capacitor C1 is used to filter and suppress individual burrs after clamping.

[0017] Furthermore, the surge protection module is used to withstand an overvoltage surge of 80V / 50ms.

[0018] Further, the surge protection module includes an overvoltage surge circuit and an undervoltage surge circuit, wherein the overvoltage surge circuit includes a surge protection circuit and a first energy storage capacitor C2, and the undervoltage surge circuit includes a second energy storage capacitor C3;

[0019] The surge protection circuit is arranged between the first transient suppression diode V1, the second transient suppression diode V2 and the power supply filter capacitor C1 in the transient suppression module, and the first energy storage capacitor C2 and the second energy storage capacitor C3 are arranged at the rear side of the power supply filter capacitor C1;

[0020] In the overvoltage surge protection circuit, the surge protection circuit controls the on / off of the circuit through a low-resistance MOS tube. When the circuit input voltage exceeds the threshold voltage designed for the circuit, the low-resistance MOS tube is in a pinch-off state, and the power input is isolated, thereby playing the role of overvoltage protection; the first energy storage capacitor C2 is used to power the device within 50ms;

[0021] In the undervoltage surge-resistant circuit, the second energy storage capacitor C3 is used to avoid ripples caused by self-oscillation of the inductive load during surge suppression, and to maintain a short-time working state of the device circuit in an undervoltage state.

[0022] Furthermore, the power supply filter module includes a power supply filter circuit for suppressing common-mode and differential-mode noise generated by power supply conduction.

[0023] A working method of a power supply filter for airborne communication equipment includes the following processing steps:

[0024] When the circuit is short-circuited or over-current input occurs, the self-recovery protection module isolates the circuit from the power supply end to protect the communication equipment, and restores the normal state when the fault at the power input end is eliminated or the power is cut off;

[0025] The transient suppression module instantly absorbs and releases the transient energy generated by the bidirectional spike pulse;

[0026] The surge protection module withstands overvoltage surges and maintains the short-term working state of the equipment circuit under undervoltage conditions;

[0027] The power supply filter module suppresses the common-mode and differential-mode noise generated by power supply conduction.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) The power filter of the present invention is small in size, low in power consumption, and powerful in function, and has a significant effect on solving the electromagnetic compatibility indicators of communication equipment such as CE102, CS106, and RE102; (2) It has the functions of overvoltage resistance, undervoltage resistance, surge suppression, and spike pulse suppression under a large current of 20A; (3) It has the function of power input reverse connection protection; (4) After the internal power supply of the equipment is short-circuited, it has self-protection, system protection, and self-recovery functions, thereby improving the reliability and performance of the power supply of air communication equipment, shortening the maintenance and repair time of the power supply, and reducing the maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply filter for airborne communication equipment.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a time curve diagram of the self-resettable fuse in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 Graph showing a characteristic curve of a transient suppression diode in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 1 is a graph showing the power line spike signal conduction sensitivity-positive spike interference signal in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 1 is a curve diagram of power line spike signal conduction sensitivity-negative spike interference signal in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a curve diagram of the ideal suppression effect of the surge suppression module in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a power supply characteristic-overvoltage surge withstand curve diagram in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 1 is a source characteristic-undervoltage surge withstand curve diagram in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the internal circuit of the power filter in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.10 This is a curve diagram of the ideal filtering effect of the power supply filter in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.11 It is a curve diagram of actual test results of conducted emission of power lines in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Combination Figure 1 , the present invention provides a power supply filter for airborne communication equipment, comprising a self-recovery protection module, a transient suppression module, a surge protection module and a power supply filter module connected in sequence;

[0042] The self-recovery protection module is used to isolate the circuit from the power supply end when the circuit is short-circuited or over-current input occurs, thereby protecting the communication equipment, and to restore the normal state when the power supply input end fails or the power is cut off;

[0043] The transient suppression module is used to instantly absorb and release the transient energy generated by the bidirectional spike pulse;

[0044] The surge protection module is used to withstand 80V / 50ms overvoltage surge and maintain the short-time working state of the equipment circuit under the undervoltage state;

[0045] The power supply filter module is used to suppress common-mode and differential-mode noise generated by power supply conduction.

[0046] As a specific example, the self-recovery protection module includes a self-recovery fuse F1;

[0047] When the circuit is short-circuited or overcurrent input occurs, the resettable fuse F1 can be quickly cut off to isolate the circuit from the power supply end and play a protective role; when the fault at the power input end is eliminated or the power is cut off, the resettable fuse F1 returns to normal.

[0048] As a specific example, the resettable fuse F1 is made of polymer resin and nano-conductive crystals; under normal circumstances, the nano-conductive crystals are linked with the resin base to form a chain-like conductive path, and the fuse works normally; when a short circuit or overload occurs in the circuit, the large current flowing through the fuse causes its collection temperature to rise, and when the Curie temperature is reached, its state density decreases rapidly, the phase change increases, the internal conductive link changes to an avalanche state or breaks, and the fuse transitions to a high-resistance state in a step-like manner, and the current is quickly pinched off, thereby quickly and accurately limiting and protecting the circuit. Its tiny current keeps the fuse in a protective state. When the power is off and the fault is eliminated, its collection temperature decreases, the state density increases, the phase change recovers, the nano-crystals are restored to a chain-like conductive path, and the resettable fuse returns to a normal state. The action time of the resettable fuse is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the L curve.

[0049] As a specific example, the transient suppression module includes a first transient suppression diode V1, a second transient suppression diode V2 and a power supply filter capacitor C1;

[0050] Transient interference of voltage and current is the main cause of damage to electronic circuits and equipment, which may bring immeasurable losses. These interferences usually come from the start and stop operation of power equipment, instability of the power grid, lightning interference and electrostatic discharge, etc. Transient interference is almost everywhere. The relevant CS106 standard stipulates that within 10us, air-use equipment should be able to withstand a transient high voltage of 200V.

[0051] In the transient suppression module, when the first transient suppression diode V1 and the second transient suppression diode V2 are subjected to a transient high energy impact, the first transient suppression diode V1 and the second transient suppression diode V2 can be up to 1×10 -12 The impedance is instantly reduced at a speed of seconds, while absorbing energy and clamping the voltage between its two ends to a predetermined value, thereby ensuring that the subsequent circuit components are protected from damage by the impact of transient high energy; the power supply filter capacitor C1 is used to filter and suppress individual burrs after clamping. The working characteristic curve of the transient suppression diode is as follows Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the measured transient suppression effect after using transient suppression diodes is shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown.

[0052] As a specific example, the surge protection module includes an overvoltage surge circuit and an undervoltage surge circuit, wherein the overvoltage surge circuit includes a surge protection circuit and a first energy storage capacitor C2, and the undervoltage surge circuit includes a second energy storage capacitor C3.

[0053] The surge protection circuit is arranged between the first transient suppression diode V1, the second transient suppression diode V2 and the power supply filter capacitor C1 in the transient suppression module, and the first energy storage capacitor C2 and the second energy storage capacitor C3 are arranged at the rear side of the power supply filter capacitor C1;

[0054] In the overvoltage surge protection circuit, the surge protection circuit controls the on / off of the circuit through a low-resistance MOS tube. When the circuit input voltage exceeds the threshold voltage designed by the circuit, the low-resistance MOS tube is in a pinch-off state, and the power input is isolated, thereby playing the role of overvoltage protection; the first energy storage capacitor C2 is used to power the device within 50ms. The ideal suppression effect of the surge suppression module is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the power supply characteristics - overvoltage surge resistance effect is as follows Figure 7 shown.

[0055] In the undervoltage surge circuit, the second energy storage capacitor C3 is used to avoid unnecessary ripples caused by the self-oscillation of the inductive load during surge suppression, and to maintain the short-term working state of the equipment circuit in the undervoltage state, improve the quality of system power distribution, and reduce the unwanted common-mode RF energy transferred from the power supply and ground pins on the printed circuit board. Figure 8 shown.

[0056] The first energy storage capacitor C2 and the second energy storage capacitor C3 can play a role in decoupling and reduce ripples, noise and burrs on the ground plane.

[0057] As a specific example, the power supply filter module includes a power supply filter circuit for suppressing common mode and differential mode noise generated by power supply conduction. The internal circuit of the power supply filter module is as follows: Fig. 9 As shown, the ideal filtering effect is as follows Fig.10 As shown, the measured filtering effect of 10K~10MHz is as follows Fig.11 shown.

[0058] The present invention also provides a working method of an airborne communication equipment power supply filter, comprising the following processing steps:

[0059] When the circuit is short-circuited or over-current input occurs, the self-recovery protection module isolates the circuit from the power supply end to protect the communication equipment, and restores the normal state when the fault at the power input end is eliminated or the power is cut off;

[0060] The transient suppression module instantly absorbs and releases the transient energy generated by the bidirectional spike pulse;

[0061] The surge protection module withstands overvoltage surges and maintains the short-term working state of the equipment circuit under undervoltage conditions;

[0062] The power supply filter module suppresses the common-mode and differential-mode noise generated by power supply conduction.

[0063] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply filter for airborne communication equipment, characterized in that: It includes a self-recovery protection module, a transient suppression module, a surge protection module and a power filter module connected in sequence; The self-recovery protection module is used to isolate the circuit from the power supply end when the circuit is short-circuited or over-current input occurs, thereby protecting the communication equipment, and to restore the normal state when the power supply input end fails or the power is cut off; The transient suppression module is used to instantly absorb and release the transient energy generated by the bidirectional spike pulse; The surge protection module is used to withstand overvoltage surges and maintain a short-time working state of the device circuit under an undervoltage state; The power supply filter module is used to suppress common-mode and differential-mode noise generated by power supply conduction.

2. The air communication equipment power supply filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-recovery protection module includes a self-recovery fuse F1; When the circuit is short-circuited or overcurrent input occurs, the resettable fuse F1 can be quickly cut off to isolate the circuit from the power supply end and play a protective role; when the fault at the power input end is eliminated or the power is cut off, the resettable fuse F1 returns to normal.

3. The air communication equipment power supply filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The resettable fuse F1 is made of polymer resin and nano-conductive crystal particles; Under normal circumstances, the nano-conductive crystals are linked with the resin matrix to form a chain-like conductive path, and the fuse works normally; When a short circuit or overload occurs in the circuit, the large current flowing through the fuse causes the collector temperature to rise. When the Curie temperature is reached, the state density decreases, the phase change increases, the internal conductive link undergoes an avalanche state change or breaks, the fuse transitions to a high-resistance state in a step-like manner, and the current is cut off, thereby limiting and protecting the circuit. When the power is off and the fault is eliminated, the collector temperature decreases, the state density increases, the phase change recovers, the nanocrystals are restored to a chain-like conductive path, and the self-resetting fuse returns to normal.

4. The air communication equipment power supply filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transient suppression module includes a first transient suppression diode V1, a second transient suppression diode V2 and a power supply filter capacitor C1; When both ends of the first transient suppression diode V1 and the second transient suppression diode V2 are subjected to a transient high-energy impact, the first transient suppression diode V1 and the second transient suppression diode V2 can instantly reduce their impedance at a very high speed, absorb energy at the same time, and clamp the voltage between their two ends to a predetermined value, thereby ensuring that the subsequent circuit components are protected from damage by the transient high-energy impact; the power supply filter capacitor C1 is used to filter and suppress individual burrs after clamping.

5. The air communication equipment power supply filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surge protection module is used to withstand an overvoltage surge of 80V / 50ms.

6. The air communication equipment power supply filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surge protection module includes an overvoltage surge circuit and an undervoltage surge circuit, wherein the overvoltage surge circuit includes a surge protection circuit and a first energy storage capacitor C2, and the undervoltage surge circuit includes a second energy storage capacitor C3; The surge protection circuit is arranged between the first transient suppression diode V1, the second transient suppression diode V2 and the power supply filter capacitor C1 in the transient suppression module, and the first energy storage capacitor C2 and the second energy storage capacitor C3 are arranged at the rear side of the power supply filter capacitor C1; In the overvoltage surge protection circuit, the surge protection circuit controls the on / off of the circuit through a low-resistance MOS tube. When the circuit input voltage exceeds the threshold voltage designed for the circuit, the low-resistance MOS tube is in a pinch-off state, and the power input is isolated, thereby playing the role of overvoltage protection; the first energy storage capacitor C2 is used to power the device within 50ms; In the undervoltage surge-resistant circuit, the second energy storage capacitor C3 is used to avoid ripples caused by self-oscillation of the inductive load during surge suppression, and to maintain a short-time working state of the device circuit in an undervoltage state.

7. The airborne communication equipment power supply filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply filter module includes a power supply filter circuit for suppressing common mode and differential mode noise generated by power supply conduction.

8. A method for operating a power supply filter for airborne communication equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following processing steps are included: When the circuit is short-circuited or over-current input occurs, the self-recovery protection module isolates the circuit from the power supply end to protect the communication equipment, and restores the normal state when the fault at the power input end is eliminated or the power is cut off; The transient suppression module instantly absorbs and releases the transient energy generated by the bidirectional spike pulse; The surge protection module withstands overvoltage surges and maintains the short-term working state of the equipment circuit under undervoltage conditions; The power supply filter module suppresses the common-mode and differential-mode noise generated by power supply conduction.

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