Vibration guide wire and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a vibration guide wire and a using method thereof, the vibration guide wire comprises a head section and a trunk section, the head section comprises a vibration wave part, a supporting part and a top end part, the vibration wave part comprises a central guide wire body and a peripheral guide wire body arranged on the periphery of the central guide wire body, and a liquid cavity is formed between the central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body; conductive liquid is stored in the liquid cavity, the liquid cavity is communicated with the seismic wave cavity, a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrodes are arranged on the central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body respectively and make contact with the conductive liquid, a transverse wave conductor is arranged on the central guide wire body, and the transverse wave conductor and the seismic wave cavity intersect with each other. The shock wave guide wire can respectively carry out shock wave treatment and transverse wave treatment on the tough fiber stove, so that the hard part and the tough part of the tough fiber stove can be respectively treated, the structure of the tough fiber stove is loose and broken, and the defect that in the prior art, the shock wave guide wire cannot crush the tough fiber stove can be overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, in particular to the technical field of surgical instruments for invasively removing stones using mechanical vibration, and in particular to a shock wave guide wire and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Cardiovascular disease has always been one of the main causes of death in humans, among which atherosclerosis plays a particularly critical role. It is the root cause of many serious diseases such as coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction and peripheral vascular disease. Atherosclerosis is manifested as abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue on the intima of the artery, accompanied by calcium deposition. This process causes the arterial wall to gradually thicken and harden, resulting in vascular lumen stenosis. When this stenosis develops to a degree sufficient to block arterial blood flow, the tissues or organs supplied by the blood will face the risk of ischemia, and in severe cases, it may even lead to necrosis of these tissues or organs.

[0003] After the initial vascular calcification treatment, there will still be tough fiber foci attached to the vascular wall. Although there are small holes that can pass through the guide wire, the uneven surface of the tough fiber foci will hinder the entry of other medical devices guided by the guide wire, causing obstacles to the treatment process. Fibrous foci refer to a pathological change formed by fibrous tissue replacing damaged organs or tissue structures during tissue repair. The fibrous foci are mainly composed of fibrous tissues, which include collagen, elastic fibers, etc. These fibrous tissues have high toughness and strength and can support and protect the damaged vascular wall. Since the fibrous tissue has strong adhesion and stability, the fibrous foci will be tightly attached to the vascular wall after formation. The shock wave guide wire in the prior art uses mechanical vibration shock waves to treat hard calcified plaques with good results, but the tough fiber foci have high toughness and elasticity. When the mechanical vibration of the shock wave acts on it, the energy will be absorbed by the fibrous tissue instead of being used to break up the fibrous tissue, which leads to a reduction in the shock wave energy actually acting on the fibrous tissue and a reduction in the treatment effect.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the shock wave guide wire in the prior art to solve the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, provides a shock wave guide wire and a method for using the same, and solves the defect in the prior art that the shock wave guide wire is difficult to remove the tough fiber lesions.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a shock wave guide wire, comprising a connected head section and a trunk section, characterized in that: The head section includes a shock wave part, and a support part and a top part respectively arranged on both sides of the shock wave part, the shock wave part is provided with a central guide wire body and a peripheral guide wire body surrounding it, and a horizontally arranged liquid cavity is formed between the two, and the liquid cavity stores a conductive liquid; The central wire body and the peripheral wire body are respectively provided with a plurality of pairs of positive and negative electrodes, the positive and negative electrodes are respectively connected to the shock wave generator and in contact with the conductive liquid, and the peripheral wire body is provided with a shock wave cavity connected to the liquid cavity between adjacent electrode pairs; The central guide wire body is provided with a transverse wave generator, and the transverse wave generator is provided with a transverse wave conductor. The transverse wave conductor is horizontally arranged and passes through the outer guide wire body. The transverse wave conductor and the shock wave cavity are distributed on the same side of the shock wave part, and there is an intersection between the transverse wave conductor and the shock wave cavity.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel are respectively provided on the liquid chamber and the shock wave chamber, and the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are respectively used to add the conductive liquid to the liquid chamber and discharge the conductive liquid from the shock wave chamber, and a liquid-driven pump is provided at the intersection of the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shock wave cavity is shaped like a truncated cone, the cross-sectional area of ​​the end away from the central guide wire body perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the end close to the central guide wire body perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone, and the conductive liquid is physiological saline.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrodes are respectively distributed on the central conductor body, the negative electrodes are respectively distributed on the peripheral conductor body, the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are respectively connected to the shock wave generator through a circuit, and the combined electric field direction of several positive electrodes and several negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transverse wave conductor is made of one of polyurethane and polyethylene, the transverse wave conductor is conical, the end away from the central guide wire body is a sharp end, and a tip ball is provided on the sharp end.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the torso segment is one of nickel-titanium alloy, stainless steel and nickel-titanium / stainless steel composite alloy, the material of the head segment is platinum-nickel alloy, and the head segment is rounded.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trunk segment and the head segment are respectively provided with a coating, and the coating is one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between each pair of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is 0.01-0.2 mm.

[0014] To achieve the above object, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for using a shock wave guide wire, comprising the following steps: S1: extending the shock wave guide wire into the blood vessel, and making the shock wave portion correspond to the position of the tough fiber focus, specifically, the tough fiber focus and the shock wave portion are located on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the shock wave portion; S2: The transverse wave conductor is horizontally arranged to contact the tough fiber focus, and the shock wave cavity is aligned with the tough fiber focus; S3: starting the shock wave generator and the shear wave generator in sequence to remove the tough fiber focus.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frequencies of the shock wave generator and the shear wave generator are consistent, but there is a phase difference between them.

[0016] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention provides a shock wave guide wire, a head section, and a trunk section, wherein the head section includes a shock wave part, a support part, and a top part, and the shock wave part includes: a central guide wire body, and a peripheral guide wire body arranged outside the central guide wire body, a liquid cavity is arranged between the central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body, and a conductive liquid is stored in the liquid cavity, and the liquid cavity is communicated with the shock wave cavity, and a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrodes are respectively arranged on the central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body, and the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are respectively in contact with the conductive liquid, and a shear wave generator and a shear wave conductor are arranged on the central guide wire body, and there is an intersection between the shear wave conductor and the shock wave cavity, and the shock wave guide wire can perform shock wave treatment and shear wave treatment on the tough fiber lesion respectively, and compared with the shock wave guide wire in the prior art, the hard part and the tough part of the tough fiber lesion can be treated separately, so that the structure of the tough fiber lesion is loosened and broken, and the defect that the shock wave guide wire in the prior art cannot break the tough fiber lesion can be solved.

[0017] (2) In the present invention, a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel are respectively provided on the liquid chamber and the shock wave chamber, and the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are respectively used to add conductive liquid to the liquid chamber and discharge the conductive liquid from the shock wave chamber. When current passes through the conductive liquid, due to the change of the electromagnetic field generated by the current, the molecules in the liquid will be displaced due to the electric field force, forming a shock wave. Compared with the prior art, the stable and controllable flow of the conductive liquid helps to improve the transmission efficiency of the shock wave energy, so that the shock wave can act more effectively on the tough fiber foci, promoting the loosening and breaking of their structure.

[0018] (3) In the present invention, the pulse discharge process in the conductive liquid involves the release and conversion of high energy, forming a high-temperature, high-heat plasma channel in the liquid medium. Affected by the temperature and high pressure inside the channel, the liquid around the channel is vaporized. Compared with the prior art, the vaporized liquid forms bubbles that expand outward, pushing the bubble-water interface to expand, exerting a force on the surrounding water body, which is transmitted outward in the form of a shock wave, destroying and removing the tough fiber focus.

[0019] (4) In the present invention, the combined electric field direction of the plurality of positive electrodes and the plurality of negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber. Due to the effect of the electrostatic field, the bubbles generated on the electrodes will move along the direction of the electric field. Compared with the prior art, the combined electric field direction of the plurality of positive electrodes and the plurality of negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber, which can promote the initial movement speed of the bubbles, promote the movement of the bubbles, and enhance the concentrated intensity of the shock wave.

[0020] (5) In the present invention, under the influence of the shear wave generator, a large number of defects such as micropores and microcracks will be generated in the internal structure of the ductile object. As the material continues to deform on different strain paths, the ductile damage will continue to accumulate irreversibly and lead to the degradation of material properties. Compared with the prior art, when the formed microcracks are interconnected, macro cracks will occur, eventually leading to the ductile fracture of the material, which can achieve a good cleaning effect on the ductile fiber foci. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the shock wave portion of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 100, head section; 110, support part; 120, shock wave part; 121, peripheral guide wire body; 122, central guide wire body; 123, liquid cavity; 124, shock wave cavity; 130 top part; 200, trunk section; 300, transverse wave conductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a shock wave guide wire includes a head section 100 and a trunk section 200 connected to each other, and the head section 100 and the trunk section 200 are fixedly connected: like Figure 3As shown, the head section 100 includes a shock wave portion 120, and a support portion 110 and a top portion respectively arranged on both sides of the shock wave portion 120, the shock wave portion 120 is provided with a central guide wire body 122 and a peripheral guide wire body 121 surrounding it, and a horizontally arranged liquid cavity 123 is formed between the two, and the liquid cavity 123 stores a conductive liquid; The central wire body 122 and the peripheral wire body 121 are respectively provided with a plurality of pairs of positive and negative electrodes, which are respectively connected to the shock wave generator and in contact with the conductive liquid. The peripheral wire body 121 is provided with a shock wave cavity 124 connected to the liquid cavity 123 between adjacent electrode pairs. The central wire guide body 122 is provided with a transverse wave generator, on which a transverse wave conductor 300 is provided, which is arranged horizontally and passes through the peripheral wire guide body 121, and the transverse wave conductor 300 and the shock wave cavity 124 are distributed on the same side of the shock wave part 120, and there is an intersection between the transverse wave conductor 300 and the shock wave cavity 124. A fluororubber O-ring and a nanoporous silica gel coating are provided at the connection between the transverse wave conductor 300 and the peripheral wire guide body 121 to ensure the stability of the connection between the transverse wave conductor 300 and the peripheral wire guide body 121, and to avoid the decrease of sealing after long-term use.

[0027] The conductive liquid stored in the liquid cavity 123 can communicate with the shock wave cavity 124, so that the shock wave guide wire can generate shock waves closer to the tough fiber focus, crack and soften the diseased tissue, increase the compliance of the blood vessel to achieve the expansion of the occluded lesion.

[0028] The shock wave guide wire can perform shock wave treatment and shear wave treatment on the tough fiber lesion respectively, and can treat the hard part and the tough part of the tough fiber lesion separately, making the structure of the tough fiber lesion loose and broken, which can solve the defect of the shock wave guide wire in the prior art that the tough fiber lesion cannot be broken.

[0029] The liquid chamber 123 and the shock wave chamber 124 are respectively provided with an inlet channel and an outlet channel, and the inlet channel and the outlet channel are respectively used to add conductive liquid to the liquid chamber 123 and discharge the conductive liquid from the shock wave chamber 124, and a liquid-driven pump is provided at the intersection of the inlet channel and the outlet channel. When the current passes through the conductive liquid, due to the change of the electromagnetic field generated by the current, the molecules in the liquid will be displaced due to the electric field force, forming a pressure fluctuation, i.e., a shock wave. Through the design of the inlet channel and the outlet channel, the flow of the conductive liquid can be accurately controlled to ensure that the amount of conductive liquid in the liquid chamber 123 and the shock wave chamber 124 is appropriate, and the necessary medium is provided for the occurrence of shock waves. The setting of the liquid-driven pump makes the flow of the conductive liquid more stable and controllable, which helps to improve the transmission efficiency of the shock wave energy, so that the shock wave can act more effectively on the tough fiber foci, and promote the loosening and fragmentation of its structure. At the tip of the electrode, due to the large surface curvature, the dense equipotential surface, and the sharp increase in the electric field intensity, the conductive liquid near the electrode tip structure is ionized and discharges, generating shock waves. Flowing conductive liquid can enhance this discharge effect, thereby increasing the intensity of the shock wave.

[0030] The combination of the truncated cone design of the shock wave chamber and the liquid-driven pump can optimize the concentration and directionality of the shock wave through the flow of liquid. The liquid-driven pump ensures the stable flow of the conductive liquid, while the truncated cone shock wave chamber further focuses the energy of the shock wave, allowing the shock wave to act more accurately on the tough fiber lesions and reduce the diffusion and loss of energy.

[0031] The pulse discharge process in water involves the release and conversion of high energy, forming a high-temperature, high-heat plasma channel in the liquid medium. Affected by the temperature and high pressure inside the channel, the liquid around the channel is vaporized, forming bubbles that expand outward, pushing the bubble-water interface to expand, exerting force on the surrounding water, and transmitting outward in the form of shock waves. The flowing conductive liquid can carry the bubbles to a position closer to the tough fiber and break them, allowing the shock wave to be better used to destroy the tough fiber focus.

[0032] The shock wave chamber 124 is located between two adjacent pairs of positive electrodes and negative electrodes. After each pair of electrodes discharges and generates bubbles, the bubbles will converge into the shock wave chamber 124. The shock wave chamber 124 concentrates these bubbles and the shock waves generated by the bubble burst, which can make the shock waves more concentrated, avoid the energy loss of the shock waves in other directions, and enhance the shock wave treatment effect on the tough fiber focus.

[0033] The shock wave cavity 124 is truncated cone-shaped, and the area of ​​the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone at the end away from the central guide wire body 122 is smaller than the area of ​​the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone at the end close to the central guide wire body 122, and the conductive liquid is physiological saline. The design of the truncated cone-shaped shock wave cavity 124 makes the energy of the shock wave more concentrated at the end away from the central guide wire body 122, so that it can act more effectively on the calcified lesions and improve the accuracy and effect of the treatment. Since the design of the shock wave cavity 124 makes the shock wave energy more concentrated, it can reduce damage to the surrounding healthy vascular tissue and improve the safety of the treatment. As a conductive liquid, physiological saline has good fluidity, which helps to form stable bubbles in the shock wave cavity 124, thereby generating effective shock waves.

[0034] Each pair of positive and negative electrodes includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrode is respectively distributed on the central wire body 122, and the negative electrode is respectively distributed on the peripheral wire body 121. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected to the shock wave generator through a circuit, and the combined electric field direction of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber 124. This design enables the shock wave energy to be more effectively transmitted to the calcified lesion area. The distribution of the positive and negative electrodes helps to form a more uniform electric field, so that the high-voltage pulse can be more effectively converted into shock wave energy, thereby improving the treatment efficiency. The distribution and connection of the positive and negative electrodes help to enhance the mechanical effect of the shock wave and promote the fragmentation of calcified tissue, so that it is easier to be removed. Due to the effect of the electrostatic field, the bubbles generated on the electrode will move with the direction of the electric field, and the combined electric field direction of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber 124, which can promote the initial movement speed of the bubbles, promote the movement of the bubbles, and enhance the concentrated intensity of the shock wave.

[0035] The distribution of the positive and negative electrodes combined with the vibration direction of the transverse wave conductor can enhance the role of the electric field in promoting the formation and rupture of bubbles. The vibration of the transverse wave conductor will affect the electric field distribution at the tip of the electrode, further enhancing the discharge effect, thereby increasing the intensity and concentration of the shock wave.

[0036] The arrangement of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, in conjunction with the shock wave generator, can generate a shock wave that propagates along the circumference of the guide wire when the guide wire moves to the diseased tissue, thereby cracking and softening the diseased tissue and increasing the compliance of the blood vessels. The shock wave cavity 124 is connected to the liquid cavity 123 and is arranged between two adjacent pairs of positive electrodes and negative electrodes. Such a design helps to more effectively transmit shock waves to the diseased tissue and improve the energy transfer efficiency. The transverse wave generator and the transverse wave conductor 300 arranged on the central guide wire body 122 can provide additional processing methods. There is an intersection between the transverse wave conductor 300 and the shock wave cavity 124. The transverse wave treatment can be combined with the shock wave treatment to enhance the treatment effect on the tough fiber lesions.

[0037] The flowing conductive liquid can not only carry the bubbles to the target direction, but also optimize the bubble formation and rupture process through the control of the liquid-driven pump. The vibration effect of the shear wave accelerates the diffusion and mixing of the gas inside the bubble, thereby increasing the internal pressure of the bubble, causing it to rupture faster and produce a stronger shock wave.

[0038] The intersection layout of the shock wave cavity 124 and the transverse wave conductor 300 forms a synergistic field of shock waves and transverse waves. The transverse wave generator can be a piezoelectric ceramic transducer or an electromagnetically driven vibrator, which generates transverse waves through mechanical vibration or energy conversion and cooperates with the guide wire structure to achieve energy transfer.

[0039] The transverse wave conductor 300 is made of one of polyurethane and polyethylene. The transverse wave conductor 300 is conical, and the end away from the central guide wire body 122 is a sharp end, and a pointed ball is arranged on the sharp end. The design of the conical transverse wave conductor 300 helps to concentrate the transverse wave energy, enhance the therapeutic effect on the fiber focus, make its structure loose and broken, and thus easier to be removed. The ball design on the sharp end can reduce the damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel during the movement of the transverse wave conductor 300, and protect the vascular endothelium from damage. Polyurethane and polyethylene materials have good biocompatibility and elasticity, which enables the transverse wave conductor 300 to better adapt to the bending and changes of the blood vessel when transmitting the transverse wave, and improve the transmission efficiency of the transverse wave.

[0040] The trunk segment 200 is made of one of nickel-titanium alloy, stainless steel and nickel-titanium / stainless steel composite alloy, and the head segment 100 is made of platinum-nickel alloy, and the head segment 100 is rounded. Nickel-titanium alloy has special superelasticity and shape memory effect, which makes the guide wire have good flexibility and tracking in the blood vessel, can adapt to the bends and stenosis of the blood vessel, and can more easily reach the location of the fiber lesion. Both nickel-titanium alloy and stainless steel have high strength and fatigue resistance, which makes the guide wire less likely to break during the pushing and operation process, thereby improving the safety of the operation. The head segment 100 is rounded to reduce the damage of the guide wire to the inner wall of the blood vessel, especially when passing through the bends or stenosis of the blood vessel. The rounded corner design helps to protect the vascular endothelium from damage.

[0041] The trunk section 200 and the head section 100 are respectively provided with a coating, and the coating is one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The hydrophilic lubricating coating can greatly reduce the tissue damage caused by friction when the device enters the blood vessel, and reduce the adhesion of macromolecules such as platelets and plasma proteins in the blood.

[0042] The spacing between each pair of positive and negative electrodes is 0.01-0.2mm. Smaller electrode spacing leads to concentrated high temperature, increasing the risk of damage to surrounding normal tissue. By adjusting the electrode spacing, this risk can be reduced and surrounding tissue can be protected from thermal damage.

[0043] To achieve the above object, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for using a shock wave guide wire, comprising the following steps: S1: Extend the shock wave guide wire into the blood vessel, and make the shock wave part 120 correspond to the position of the tough fiber focus, specifically, the tough fiber focus and the shock wave part 120 are located on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the shock wave part 120; S2: The transverse wave conductor 300 is horizontally arranged to contact the tough fiber focus, and the shock wave cavity 124 is aligned with the tough fiber focus; S3: Start the shock wave generator and shear wave generator successively to remove the tough fiber focus.

[0044] The shock wave guide wire is passed through the small hole of the tough fibrous lesion, and the tough fibrous lesion is treated on the side of the shock wave guide wire. By accurately passing the shock wave guide wire through the small hole of the tough fibrous lesion, it can ensure that the shock wave energy acts directly on the calcified lesion, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the treatment. The side treatment of the shock wave guide wire can reduce damage to the surrounding healthy vascular tissue because the shock wave energy is more concentrated in the tough fibrous lesion area instead of spreading to the surrounding tissue.

[0045] When the frequencies of the two waves are consistent, they can produce a resonance phenomenon, so that the energy is superimposed at a specific point, thereby producing a more concentrated energy effect at the location of the tough fiber focus. Phase difference can cause wave interference, which can enhance the energy in a specific area. By optimizing the phase difference, the energy can be more concentrated on the fiber focus and the treatment effect can be optimized. The frequency of the shock wave generator and the shear wave generator are consistent, but there is a phase difference in the phase. Phase difference control can enhance the cavitation effect, reduce the cavitation threshold, and at the same time produce a split focus, increase the single damage volume, and improve the damage efficiency.

[0046] Shear waves are a type of shear wave that can propagate in solid or semi-solid media, especially in tissues, where they have good penetration and propagation characteristics. Shear waves can cause tiny displacements and deformations by inducing shear stress inside the tissue, thereby destroying the structural integrity of the tissue. Shear waves can continue to act during the time interval between shock waves, helping to loosen and weaken the structure of the diseased tissue. This makes the effect of each shock wave more effective, reducing the number of shock waves required, which is actually equivalent to increasing the number of effective shock waves per unit time.

[0047] Under the influence of shear waves, a large number of micro-holes and micro-cracks will appear in the internal structure of ductile objects. These defects are ductile damage. As the material continues to deform on different strain paths, ductile damage will continue to accumulate irreversibly and lead to the degradation of material properties. When the formed micro-cracks are interconnected, macro-cracks will occur, eventually leading to ductile fracture of the material.

[0048] The generation of bubbles is caused by the shock wave transmitter generating discharge under the action of electric current, which then forms bubbles in the conductive liquid. In this process, the intensity of the current will affect the intensity of the discharge and the speed of bubble formation. The greater the current intensity, the more intense the discharge, and the more and larger the bubbles formed. However, when the current intensity increases to a certain level, the substantial increase in current intensity can only lead to a small increase in the number and size of bubbles. This is because each bubble can fully grow, expand and collapse, but if the frequency is too high, the newly generated bubbles will overlap or interfere with the old bubbles that have not yet completely collapsed. This interference will disrupt the normal expansion and collapse process of the bubbles, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the shock wave.

[0049] When shear waves propagate in solids, their propagation paths are independent and will not be directly affected by bubbles in the liquid. Therefore, the interaction between bubbles will not be transmitted through shear waves, thus avoiding direct interference between bubbles. The vibration effect of shear waves will cause tiny vibrations in the bubble walls. These vibrations will accelerate the diffusion and mixing of gases inside the bubbles, thereby increasing the pressure inside the bubbles. When the pressure inside the bubbles reaches a certain level, the bubbles will burst and generate shock waves. Although the shear wave itself cannot directly act on the bubbles in the liquid, it can transfer energy to the liquid near the bubbles through the solid medium. This energy transfer will accelerate the bubble bursting process and generate stronger shock waves.

[0050] The frequency of the shock wave generator and the shear wave generator are the same, but there is a certain phase difference. This design can enhance the cavitation effect, reduce the cavitation threshold, and generate higher energy superposition in a specific area through the interference effect of waves. The intersection layout of the shear wave conductor and the shock wave cavity can form a synergistic field of shock waves and shear waves. The combination of the vibration of the shear wave conductor and the concentrated release of the shock wave can more efficiently destroy the structure of the tough fiber focus.

[0051] The control of the current intensity is combined with the liquid flow of the liquid-driven pump to optimize the bubble formation and collapse process. Appropriate current intensity and liquid flow can ensure the normal expansion and collapse of the bubble, thereby improving the quality and intensity of the shock wave.

[0052] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A shock wave guide wire, comprising a head section and a trunk section connected to each other, characterized in that: The head section includes a shock wave part, and a support part and a top part respectively arranged on both sides of the shock wave part, the shock wave part is provided with a central guide wire body and a peripheral guide wire body surrounding it, and a horizontally arranged liquid cavity is formed between the two, and the liquid cavity stores a conductive liquid; The central wire body and the peripheral wire body are respectively provided with a plurality of pairs of positive and negative electrodes, the positive and negative electrodes are respectively connected to the shock wave generator and in contact with the conductive liquid, and the peripheral wire body is provided with a shock wave cavity connected to the liquid cavity between adjacent electrode pairs; The central guide wire body is provided with a transverse wave generator, and the transverse wave generator is provided with a transverse wave conductor. The transverse wave conductor is horizontally arranged and passes through the outer guide wire body. The transverse wave conductor and the shock wave cavity are distributed on the same side of the shock wave part, and there is an intersection between the transverse wave conductor and the shock wave cavity.

2. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid chamber and the shock wave chamber are respectively provided with a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel, and the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are respectively used to add the conductive liquid into the liquid chamber and discharge the conductive liquid from the shock wave chamber, and a liquid-driven pump is provided at the intersection of the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel.

3. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shock wave cavity is in the shape of a truncated cone, the cross-sectional area of ​​the end away from the central guide wire body perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the end close to the central guide wire body perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone, and the conductive liquid is physiological saline.

4. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each pair of the positive and negative electrodes includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrodes are respectively distributed on the central conductor body, and the negative electrodes are respectively distributed on the peripheral conductor body. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected to the shock wave generator through a circuit, and the combined electric field direction of several positive electrodes and several negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber.

5. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between each pair of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is 0.01-0.2 mm.

6. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the trunk section is one of nickel-titanium alloy, stainless steel and nickel-titanium / stainless steel composite alloy, the material of the head section is platinum-nickel alloy, and the head section is rounded.

7. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 6, characterized in that: The trunk segment and the head segment are respectively provided with coatings, and the coating is one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

8. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse wave conductor is made of one of polyurethane and polyethylene. The transverse wave conductor is conical, and the end away from the central guide wire body is a sharp end, and a tip ball is arranged on the sharp end.

9. A method for using a shock wave guide wire, based on a shock wave guide wire according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: extending the shock wave guide wire into the blood vessel, and making the shock wave portion correspond to the position of the tough fiber focus, specifically, the tough fiber focus and the shock wave portion are located on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the shock wave portion; S2: The transverse wave conductor is horizontally arranged to contact the tough fiber focus, and the shock wave cavity is aligned with the tough fiber focus; S3: starting the shock wave generator and the shear wave generator in sequence to remove the tough fiber focus.

10. A method for using a shock wave guide wire according to claim 9, characterized in that: The frequencies of the shock wave generator and the shear wave generator are consistent, but there is a phase difference between the phases.

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