Dust falling device for earth excavation and dust falling method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust falling device for earth excavation and a dust falling method thereof, and relates to the technical field of dust falling. Comprising a water tank, a transverse plate is arranged over the water tank, an inclined plate is arranged over the transverse plate, a first side plate is fixedly arranged on the left side of the top face of the inclined plate, a large-diameter through hole is formed in the first side plate, a second side plate is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top face of the inclined plate, and a small-diameter through hole is formed in the second side plate; the two sides of the spraying barrel are each sleeved with a pair of rotating rings which are concentrically and fixedly connected, and the rotating rings are rotationally clamped in the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole correspondingly. The spraying barrel can be driven to swing in the spraying process so as to enlarge the dust falling range, the spraying barrel can improve the spraying dust falling effect as much as possible in the limited range, the particle concentration in air is effectively reduced, and the influence of flying dust on the environment and the human body is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dust reduction, and in particular to a dust reduction device for earth excavation and a dust reduction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When an excavator is excavating earth, a lot of dust will be generated on site. If the dust is not handled in time, it will spread into the air and affect the air quality. Therefore, during the earth excavation process, dust suppression devices are very important, which can effectively reduce the impact of dust on the surrounding environment and human health.

[0003] A Chinese utility model patent discloses a dust suppression device for earth excavation (publication number: CN220495935U), which includes a water tank and a wind tube, the wind tube is arranged on the water tank, and the wind tube is connected to the water tank through a rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating column, a bracket, a reciprocating screw, a first motor, a gear rod and a gear; one end of the rotating column is rotatably connected to the water tank, and the other end is fixedly connected to the wind tube; the bracket is installed on the top of the water tank, a slide groove is opened on the side of the bracket close to the rotating column, a slider is arranged in the slide groove, the reciprocating screw rod is arranged in the slide groove and passes through the slider, the first motor is installed at one end of the bracket, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the reciprocating screw rod; the slider is fixedly connected to the gear rod on the side close to the rotating column, the gear rod is arranged parallel to the slide groove, a gear is fixed on the outside of the rotating column, and the gear rod is meshed with the gear.

[0004] However, the above patent and most existing dust suppression devices cannot adjust the height and direction of the spray from the spray barrel, which may not only affect the spraying effect but also has a limited scope of application. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a dust reduction device and dust reduction method for earth excavation. The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a dust suppression device for earthwork excavation, which comprises a water tank, a horizontal plate is arranged directly above the water tank, a pair of rectangular sleeves are respectively fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the water tank, a pair of U-shaped brackets are fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the horizontal plate, and the bottoms of both sides of each U-shaped bracket are slidably inserted in the corresponding rectangular sleeves; An inclined plate is provided directly above the horizontal plate, a pair of first ear seats are fixedly provided at the two left corners of the top surface of the horizontal plate, and the two ends of the left side of the inclined plate are respectively movably hinged with the pair of first ear seats; a U-shaped plate is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate, and a pair of second ear seats are fixedly provided on the right side of the bottom surface of the inclined plate, and the bottom end of each second ear seat is provided with a movably hinged articulated swing arm, and the bottom ends of the pair of articulated swing arms are respectively hingedly provided on the front and rear sides of the U-shaped plate; A first side plate is fixedly arranged on the left side of the top surface of the inclined plate, and a large-diameter through hole is opened on the first side plate; a second side plate is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the inclined plate, and a small-diameter through hole is opened on the second side plate; a spray barrel is arranged above the inclined plate, and a pair of concentrically fixed rotating rings are respectively sleeved on both sides of the spray barrel, and the pair of rotating rings are rotatably engaged in the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole respectively; A first motor is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate. The first motor is located in the opening of the U-shaped plate. A concentrically fixed double-notch gear is sleeved in the middle of the motor shaft of the first motor. A pair of staggered rings are rotatably sleeved on the top and bottom of the motor shaft of the first motor. A fan-shaped gear is fixed on one side of each ring, and a pair of fan-shaped gears are respectively located in the notches on both sides of the double-notch gear.

[0006] Preferably, a first elliptical pin hole distributed vertically is provided on the outer side surface of each rectangular sleeve, a pair of symmetrically distributed fixed shafts are rotatably inserted in the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank, a fixed swing arm is fixed to the outer end of each fixed shaft, a second elliptical pin hole distributed laterally is provided on the outer end of each fixed swing arm, and a first pin shaft is fixed to the bottom end of both sides of each U-shaped bracket, and the outer end of each first pin shaft slides through the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole inserted on the corresponding side.

[0007] Preferably, a concentrically fixed fixed gear is sleeved in the middle of each fixed shaft, a pair of symmetrically distributed electric telescopic cylinders are fixed in the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank, and a U-shaped double-sided rack with an opening facing downward is fixed at the end of the telescopic rod of each electric telescopic cylinder, each U-shaped double-sided rack is located between the corresponding pair of fixed gears, and the U-shaped double-sided racks are respectively meshed and connected with the corresponding pair of fixed gears.

[0008] Preferably, a pair of symmetrically distributed rectangular sliding holes are provided on the front and rear side walls of the U-shaped plate, and buffer springs are fixedly provided on the two side walls of each rectangular sliding hole. A slidably connected T-shaped slider is engaged inside each rectangular sliding hole, and the outer side surface of each T-shaped slider is movably hinged to the bottom end of the hinged swing arm on the corresponding side. A suspended reciprocating slider is provided in the U-shaped plate, and the front and rear ends of the reciprocating slider are fixedly connected to a pair of T-shaped sliders.

[0009] Preferably, a third elliptical pin hole distributed front and back is opened in the middle of the reciprocating slide plate, a driven shaft is rotatably inserted on the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate, the driven shaft is located in the middle of the U-shaped plate, and a concentrically fixed driven gear is sleeved on the upper and middle part of the driven shaft, a concentrically fixed driven turntable is sleeved on the top end of the driven shaft, an eccentrically distributed second pin shaft is fixed on the top surface of the driven turntable, and the top end of the second pin shaft is slidably engaged in the third elliptical pin hole.

[0010] Preferably, the double-notch gear and a pair of sector gears are alternately meshed and connected with the driven gear; A tension spring is fixedly arranged on each sector gear, and one end of each tension spring away from the sector gear is fixedly connected to the double-notch gear.

[0011] Preferably, a fixed bracket is fixedly arranged in the left port of the spray barrel, a booster fan with an output end facing inward is fixedly arranged in the middle of the fixed bracket, and a plurality of evenly distributed spiral blades are fixedly arranged at the end of the fan shaft of the booster fan; an annular tube is fixedly arranged in the right port of the spray barrel, and a plurality of evenly distributed atomizing nozzles are arranged on the inner annular surface of the annular tube; A booster pump is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inclined plate, and a flexible water inlet pipe and a flexible water outlet pipe are respectively arranged at the water inlet and outlet ends of the booster pump. A rectangular through hole is opened in the middle of the horizontal plate, and the bottom end of the flexible water inlet pipe passes through the rectangular through hole, the middle of the top wall of the water tank and extends to the bottom of the water tank; an elliptical through hole is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the spray gun, and the top end of the flexible water outlet pipe passes through the elliptical through hole and is connected with the annular pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a third ear seat is fixedly provided at the bottom of the right port of the spray barrel, a third pin shaft is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the third ear seat, a second motor with an output end facing outward is fixedly provided at the bottom of the right side wall of the second side plate, a concentrically fixed turntable is sleeved on the motor shaft end of the second motor, an eccentrically distributed fourth pin shaft is fixedly provided on the outer side surface of the turntable, a reciprocating swing arm is hingedly provided at the middle part of the right side wall of the inclined plate, a fourth elliptical pin hole is opened on the reciprocating swing arm, and the outer end portions of the third pin shaft and the outer end portions of the fourth pin shaft are respectively slidably inserted in the fourth elliptical pin hole.

[0013] Preferably, fixed sliding holes are provided at the four corners of the top surface of the water tank, fixed sliding rods are fixed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the horizontal plate, the bottom end of each fixed sliding rod is slidably inserted into the corresponding fixed sliding hole, rollers are provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the water tank, and a water inlet is provided at the top of the left side wall of the water tank.

[0014] The present invention also provides a dust reduction method of a dust reduction device for earthwork excavation, which uses the above-mentioned dust reduction device for earthwork excavation and includes the following steps: Step 1: inject a proper amount of water into the water tank through the water inlet, start a pair of electric telescopic cylinders simultaneously, control the telescopic rods of the electric telescopic cylinders to shorten, drive the U-shaped double-sided rack to slide downward, and the U-shaped double-sided rack meshes to drive the fixed gear and the fixed swing arm to swing upward along the axis of the fixed shaft; Under the limiting action formed by the first pin shaft and the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole, the U-shaped bracket is driven to slide upward along the rectangular sleeve, and the fixed slide rod is simultaneously driven to slide upward along the fixed slide hole, and the cross plate, the inclined plate and the spray barrel are driven to rise to any position within the travel range of the electric telescopic cylinder; Step 2: Start the first motor, the motor shaft of the first motor drives the double-notch gear and a pair of fan-shaped gears to rotate synchronously, the double-notch gear meshes to drive the driven gear and the driven turntable to rotate along the axis of the driven shaft, and then the double-notch gear is disengaged from the driven gear, one fan-shaped gear meshes with the driven gear and stops rotating briefly, and then the fan-shaped gear drives the driven gear to rotate along the notch of the double-notch gear; Then the double-notch gear meshes again to drive the driven gear and the driven turntable to rotate, and then the double-notch gear and the driven gear are disengaged again, and the other sector gear meshes with the driven gear and briefly pauses in rotation, so that within a complete meshing cycle of the double-notch gear and the driven gear, the driven gear and the driven turntable briefly pause in rotation twice; Step 3: Under the limiting effect of the second pin shaft and the third elliptical pin hole, the reciprocating slide plate and the pair of T-shaped slide blocks are driven to slide back and forth along the pair of rectangular slide holes, and the reciprocating slide plate is briefly paused when sliding to the leftmost and rightmost sides; Under the hinged action of a pair of hinged swing arms, the tilting plate and the spray barrel are driven to swing back and forth along the first ear seat through a pair of first ear seats and a pair of second ear seats. When the tilting plate swings to the maximum tilting angle and the minimum tilting angle, the tilting plate and the spray barrel both pause for a short time. Step 4, start the second motor, the motor shaft of the second motor drives the turntable and the fourth pin shaft to rotate synchronously, under the limiting action formed by the third pin shaft, the fourth pin shaft and the fourth elliptical pin hole, the fourth pin shaft drives the reciprocating swing arm to swing back and forth along the fourth elliptical pin hole, and the reciprocating swing arm then drives the third pin shaft, the third ear seat and the spray barrel to reciprocate, one of the rotating rings reciprocates along the large diameter through hole, and the other rotating ring reciprocates along the small diameter through hole; Step five, start the booster pump. Under the action of the booster pump, the water in the water tank enters the booster pump along the flexible water inlet pipe and is pressurized, and then enters the annular pipe along the flexible water outlet pipe, and forms atomized water droplets through the atomizing nozzle; start the booster fan simultaneously. Under the action of the booster fan, several spiral blades are driven to rotate at high speed. Under the strong action of the spiral blades, the outside air carries the atomized water droplets along the left port of the nozzle and is ejected through the right port of the nozzle, and dust reduction operation is performed on the dust in the surrounding air.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, by adjusting the height of the spray barrel, the spray height can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different working scenes and needs, so that the atomized dust reduction covers a larger range, which is suitable for industrial and environmental governance projects of various scales and has a wide range of applications; 2. In the present invention, when the spray barrel is reciprocatedly tilted, when it swings to the maximum tilt angle and the minimum tilt angle, the spray barrel will briefly pause to swing, thereby extending the spraying time at the corresponding position and improving the dust reduction effect; In summary, the present invention can drive the spray barrel to swing during the spraying process to increase the dust reduction range, so that the spray barrel can improve the spray dust reduction effect as much as possible within a limited range, effectively reduce the particle concentration in the air, and reduce the impact of dust on the environment and human body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cutaway exploded schematic diagram of the spray barrel, booster fan, and booster pump in the present invention; Figure 4 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the water tank and the horizontal plate in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transverse plate and the inclined plate in the present invention; Figure 6 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the transverse plate and the inclined plate in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the meshing of the double-notch gear and the driven gear in the present invention; Figure 8 It is an exploded schematic diagram of a double-notch gear and a driven gear in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inclined plate and the spray barrel in the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the inclined plate and the spray barrel in the present invention; The serial numbers in the figure are: 1, water tank; 11, fixed slide bar; 12, U-shaped bracket; 13, first pin shaft; 14, rectangular sleeve; 15, fixed gear; 16, fixed swing arm; 17, electric telescopic cylinder; 18, U-shaped double-sided rack; 2, cross plate; 21, first ear seat; 22, U-shaped plate; 23, reciprocating slide plate; 24, T-shaped slide block; 25, buffer spring; 26, second ear seat; 27, articulated swing arm; 3, tilting plate; 31, first side plate; 32, second side plate; 33, spray gun; 34, swivel; 35, Fixed bracket; 36, booster fan; 37, spiral fan blade; 38, third ear seat; 39, third pin shaft; 4, annular tube; 41, atomizing nozzle; 42, booster pump; 43, flexible water outlet pipe; 44, flexible water inlet pipe; 45, second motor; 46, turntable; 47, fourth pin shaft; 48, reciprocating swing arm; 5, driven shaft; 51, driven gear; 52, driven turntable; 53, second pin shaft; 54, first motor; 55, double-notch gear; 56, collar; 57, fan gear; 58, tension spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0018] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a dust suppression device for earthwork excavation, see Figure 1-10 , comprising a water tank 1, a horizontal plate 2 arranged in parallel is arranged just above the water tank 1, a pair of symmetrically arranged rectangular sleeves 14 are respectively fixed on the front and rear side walls of the water tank 1, a pair of symmetrically arranged U-shaped brackets 12 are fixed on the front and rear side walls of the horizontal plate 2, and the bottoms of both sides of each U-shaped bracket 12 are slidably inserted in the corresponding rectangular sleeves 14; An inclined plate 3 is arranged directly above the horizontal plate 2, a pair of symmetrically distributed first ear seats 21 are fixedly arranged at the two corners on the left side of the top surface of the horizontal plate 2, and the two ends of the left side of the inclined plate 3 are respectively hinged to the pair of first ear seats 21; a U-shaped plate 22 is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate 2, and a pair of symmetrically distributed second ear seats 26 are fixedly arranged on the right side of the bottom surface of the inclined plate 3, and the bottom end of each second ear seat 26 is provided with a hinged swing arm 27 that is hinged, and the bottom ends of the pair of hinged swing arms 27 are respectively hingedly arranged on the front and rear sides of the U-shaped plate 22; A first side plate 31 is fixedly provided on the left side of the top surface of the inclined plate 3, and a large-diameter through hole is opened on the first side plate 31. A second side plate 32 is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the inclined plate 3, and a small-diameter through hole is opened on the second side plate 32. Parallel-distributed spray barrels 33 are provided above the inclined plate 3, and a pair of concentrically fixed swivel rings 34 are respectively sleeved on both sides of the spray barrels 33, and the pair of swivel rings 34 are rotatably engaged in the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole respectively.

[0019] It should be noted that: in the present embodiment, fixed sliding holes are provided at the four corners of the top surface of the water tank 1, fixed sliding rods 11 are fixed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the cross plate 2, the bottom end of each fixed sliding rod 11 is slidably inserted into the corresponding fixed sliding hole, the fixed sliding rod 11 slides along the fixed sliding hole, rollers are provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the water tank 1, and a water filling port is provided at the top of the left side wall of the water tank 1; an appropriate amount of water can be injected into the water tank 1 through the water filling port.

[0020] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment also includes the following contents: like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer side surface of each rectangular sleeve 14 is provided with a vertically distributed first elliptical pin hole, and a pair of symmetrically distributed fixed shafts are respectively rotatably inserted in the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank 1, and a fixed swing arm 16 is fixedly provided at the outer end of each fixed shaft, and a second elliptical pin hole distributed laterally is opened at the outer end of each fixed swing arm 16, and a first pin shaft 13 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of both sides of each U-shaped bracket 12, and the outer end of each first pin shaft 13 slides through the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole inserted at the corresponding side; A concentrically fixed fixed gear 15 is sleeved in the middle of each fixed shaft, and a pair of symmetrically distributed electric telescopic cylinders 17 are fixed in the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank 1. A U-shaped double-sided rack 18 with an opening facing downward is fixed at the end of the telescopic rod of each electric telescopic cylinder 17. Each U-shaped double-sided rack 18 is located between the corresponding pair of fixed gears 15, and the U-shaped double-sided rack 18 is meshed and connected with the corresponding pair of fixed gears 15 respectively. By controlling the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic cylinder 17 to shorten, the U-shaped double-sided rack 18 can be driven to slide downward, and the engagement of the U-shaped double-sided rack 18 drives the fixed gear 15 and the fixed swing arm 16 to swing upward along the axis of the fixed shaft; under the limiting action formed by the first pin shaft 13 and the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole, the U-shaped bracket 12 can be driven to slide upward along the rectangular sleeve 14, and the cross plate 2, the inclined plate 3, and the spray barrel 33 can be driven to rise to any position within the travel range of the electric telescopic cylinder 17.

[0021] Embodiment 3: Based on Embodiment 2, this embodiment also includes the following contents: like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a pair of symmetrically distributed rectangular sliding holes are opened on the front and rear side walls of the U-shaped plate 22, and buffer springs 25 are fixed on the two side walls of each rectangular sliding hole. A slidably connected T-shaped slider 24 is engaged inside each rectangular sliding hole, and the outer side surface of each T-shaped slider 24 is movably hinged to the bottom end of the hinged swing arm 27 on the corresponding side. A suspended reciprocating slider 23 is provided in the U-shaped plate 22, and the front and rear ends of the reciprocating slider 23 are fixedly connected to a pair of T-shaped sliders 24; A third elliptical pin hole distributed frontward and rearward is opened in the middle of the reciprocating slide plate 23, a driven shaft 5 is rotatably inserted on the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate 2, the driven shaft 5 is located in the middle of the U-shaped plate 22, and a concentrically fixed driven gear 51 is sleeved on the middle and upper part of the driven shaft 5, a concentrically fixed driven rotating disk 52 is sleeved on the top end of the driven shaft 5, an eccentrically distributed second pin shaft 53 is fixed on the top surface of the driven rotating disk 52, and the top end of the second pin shaft 53 is slidably engaged in the third elliptical pin hole; A first motor 54 with an output end facing upward is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the cross plate 2. The first motor 54 is located in the opening of the U-shaped plate 22. A concentrically fixed double-notch gear 55 is sleeved in the middle of the motor shaft of the first motor 54. A pair of staggeredly distributed collars 56 are rotatably sleeved on the top and bottom of the motor shaft of the first motor 54. A sector gear 57 is fixedly arranged on one side of each collar 56, and a pair of sector gears 57 are respectively located in the notches on both sides of the double-notch gear 55. The double-notch gear 55 and the pair of sector gears 57 are alternately meshed and connected with the driven gear 51. The motor shaft of the first motor 54 can drive the double-notch gear 55 and the pair of sector gears 57 to rotate synchronously. A tension spring 58 is fixedly arranged on each sector gear 57, and one end of each tension spring 58 away from the sector gear 57 is fixedly connected to the double-notch gear 55. Under the coordinated meshing action of the double-notch gear 55 and the pair of sector gears 57, the driven gear 51 and the driven turntable 52 can be driven to make two short pauses during the rotation process.

[0022] During the rotation of the driven gear 51 and the driven turntable 52, the reciprocating slide plate 23 is driven to slide back and forth under the limiting action formed by the second pin shaft 53 and the third elliptical pin hole, and there is a brief pause in sliding when the reciprocating slide plate 23 slides to the leftmost side and the rightmost side; further, under the articulation action of a pair of articulated swing arms 27, the inclined plate 3 and the spray barrel 33 are driven to swing back and forth, and when the inclined plate 3 swings to the maximum inclination angle and the minimum inclination angle, the inclined plate 3 and the spray barrel 33 also pause in swinging briefly.

[0023] Embodiment 4: Based on Embodiment 3, this embodiment also includes the following contents: like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a fixed bracket 35 is fixed in the left port of the spray barrel 33, a booster fan 36 with an output end facing inward is fixed in the middle of the fixed bracket 35, and a plurality of evenly distributed spiral blades 37 are fixed at the end of the fan shaft of the booster fan 36; under the action of the booster fan 36, the plurality of spiral blades 37 can be driven to rotate at high speed; An annular tube 4 is fixedly arranged in the right end of the spray barrel 33, and a plurality of evenly distributed atomizing nozzles 41 are arranged on the inner annular surface of the annular tube 4. Under the strong action of the spiral fan blades 37, the outside air flows along the left end of the spray barrel 33 and carries the atomized water droplets to be sprayed out through the right end of the spray barrel 33. A booster pump 42 is fixedly provided in the middle of the inclined plate 3, and a flexible water inlet pipe 44 and a flexible water outlet pipe 43 are respectively provided at the water inlet and outlet ends of the booster pump 42; a rectangular through hole is provided in the middle of the horizontal plate 2, and the bottom end of the flexible water inlet pipe 44 passes through the rectangular through hole, the middle of the top wall of the water tank 1 and extends to the bottom of the water tank 1; an elliptical through hole is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the spray gun 33, and the top end of the flexible water outlet pipe 43 passes through the elliptical through hole and is connected with the annular pipe 4; under the action of the booster pump 42, the water in the water tank 1 enters the booster pump 42 along the flexible water inlet pipe 44 and is pressurized, and then enters the annular pipe 4 along the flexible water outlet pipe 43.

[0024] Embodiment 5: Based on Embodiment 4, this embodiment also includes the following contents: like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, a third ear seat 38 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the right port of the spray barrel 33, a third pin shaft 39 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the third ear seat 38, a second motor 45 with an output end facing outward is fixedly provided at the bottom of the right side wall of the second side plate 32, and a concentrically fixed rotating disk 46 is sleeved at the end of the motor shaft of the second motor 45; the motor shaft of the second motor 45 can drive the rotating disk 46 to rotate synchronously; An eccentrically distributed fourth pin shaft 47 is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the turntable 46, and a reciprocating swing arm 48 is hingedly arranged in the middle part of the right side wall of the inclined plate 3. A fourth elliptical pin hole is opened on the reciprocating swing arm 48, and the outer end portions of the third pin shaft 39 and the fourth pin shaft 47 are respectively slidably inserted in the fourth elliptical pin hole; under the limiting action formed by the third pin shaft 39, the fourth pin shaft 47 and the fourth elliptical pin hole, the reciprocating swing arm 48 can be driven to swing back and forth, and then the nozzle 33 and a pair of swivels 34 are driven to reciprocate along the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole respectively through the third ear seat 38.

[0025] Specifically, the working principle and operation method of the present invention are as follows: Step 1: inject a proper amount of water into the water tank 1 through the water inlet, start a pair of electric telescopic cylinders 17 simultaneously, control the telescopic rods of the electric telescopic cylinders 17 to shorten, drive the U-shaped double-sided rack 18 to slide downward, and the U-shaped double-sided rack 18 engages to drive the fixed gear 15 and the fixed swing arm 16 to swing upward along the axis of the fixed shaft; Under the limiting action formed by the first pin shaft 13 and the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole, the U-shaped bracket 12 is driven to slide upward along the rectangular sleeve 14, and the fixed slide rod 11 is simultaneously driven to slide upward along the fixed slide hole, and the cross plate 2, the inclined plate 3, and the spray barrel 33 are driven to rise to any position within the travel range of the electric telescopic cylinder 17; Step 2: Start the first motor 54. The motor shaft of the first motor 54 drives the double-notch gear 55 and a pair of sector gears 57 to rotate synchronously. The double-notch gear 55 meshes to drive the driven gear 51 and the driven turntable 52 to rotate along the axis of the driven shaft 5. Then, the double-notch gear 55 is disengaged from the driven gear 51. A sector gear 57 meshes with the driven gear 51 and briefly stops rotating. Then, the sector gear 57 drives the driven gear 51 to rotate along the notch of the double-notch gear 55. Then the double-notch gear 55 meshes again to drive the driven gear 51 and the driven rotating disk 52 to rotate, and then the double-notch gear 55 and the driven gear 51 are disengaged again, and the other sector gear 57 meshes with the driven gear 51 and briefly pauses in rotation, so that within a complete meshing cycle of the double-notch gear 55 and the driven gear 51, the driven gear 51 and the driven rotating disk 52 briefly pause in rotation twice; Step 3: Under the limiting effect of the second pin shaft 53 and the third elliptical pin hole, the reciprocating slide plate 23 and the pair of T-shaped slide blocks 24 are driven to slide back and forth along the pair of rectangular slide holes. When the reciprocating slide plate 23 slides to the leftmost and rightmost sides, there is a short pause in sliding. Under the hinged action of a pair of hinged swing arms 27, the tilting plate 3 and the spray barrel 33 are driven to swing back and forth along the first ear seat 21 through a pair of first ear seats 21 and a pair of second ear seats 26. When the tilting plate 3 swings to the maximum tilt angle and the minimum tilt angle, the tilting plate 3 and the spray barrel 33 both pause for a short time. Step 4, start the second motor 45, the motor shaft of the second motor 45 drives the rotating disk 46 and the fourth pin 47 to rotate synchronously, under the limiting effect formed by the third pin 39, the fourth pin 47 and the fourth elliptical pin hole, the fourth pin 47 drives the reciprocating swing arm 48 to swing back and forth along the fourth elliptical pin hole, and the reciprocating swing arm 48 drives the third pin 39, the third ear seat 38 and the spray barrel 33 to reciprocate, one of the rotating rings 34 reciprocates along the large diameter through hole, and the other rotating ring 34 reciprocates along the small diameter through hole; Step five, start the booster pump 42. Under the action of the booster pump 42, the water in the water tank 1 enters the booster pump 42 along the flexible water inlet pipe 44 and is pressurized, and then enters the annular pipe 4 along the flexible water outlet pipe 43, and forms atomized water droplets through the atomizing nozzle 41; synchronously start the booster fan 36. Under the action of the booster fan 36, a plurality of spiral blades 37 are driven to rotate at high speed. Under the strong action of the spiral blades 37, the outside air carries the atomized water droplets along the left port of the nozzle 33 and is ejected through the right port of the nozzle 33, and dust reduction operation is performed on the dust in the surrounding air.

[0026] The present invention can drive the spray barrel to swing during the spraying process to increase the dust reduction range, so that the spray barrel can improve the spray dust reduction effect as much as possible within a limited range, effectively reduce the particle concentration in the air, and reduce the impact of dust on the environment and human body.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for earthwork excavation, characterized in that: It comprises a water tank (1), a horizontal plate (2) is provided directly above the water tank (1), a pair of rectangular sleeves (14) are fixedly provided on the front and rear side walls of the water tank (1), a pair of U-shaped brackets (12) are fixedly provided on the front and rear side walls of the horizontal plate (2), and the bottoms of both sides of each U-shaped bracket (12) are slidably inserted into the corresponding rectangular sleeves (14); An inclined plate (3) is provided directly above the transverse plate (2); a pair of first ear seats (21) are fixedly provided at two left corners of the top surface of the transverse plate (2); and the left two ends of the inclined plate (3) are respectively movably hinged to the pair of first ear seats (21); a U-shaped plate (22) is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the transverse plate (2); and a pair of second ear seats (26) are fixedly provided on the right side of the bottom surface of the inclined plate (3); and the bottom end of each second ear seat (26) is provided with a movably hinged articulated swing arm (27); and the bottom ends of the pair of articulated swing arms (27) are respectively hingedly provided on the front and rear sides of the U-shaped plate (22); A first side plate (31) is fixedly provided on the left side of the top surface of the inclined plate (3), and a large-diameter through hole is formed on the first side plate (31); a second side plate (32) is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the inclined plate (3), and a small-diameter through hole is formed on the second side plate (32); a spray barrel (33) is provided above the inclined plate (3), and a pair of concentrically fixed rotating rings (34) are respectively sleeved on both sides of the spray barrel (33), and the pair of rotating rings (34) are rotatably engaged in the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole respectively; A first motor (54) is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate (2), the first motor (54) is located in the opening of the U-shaped plate (22), and a concentrically fixed double-notch gear (55) is sleeved on the middle of the motor shaft of the first motor (54); a pair of staggeredly distributed collars (56) are rotatably sleeved on the top and bottom of the motor shaft of the first motor (54), a sector gear (57) is fixedly arranged on one side of each collar (56), and the pair of sector gears (57) are respectively located in the notches on both sides of the double-notch gear (55).

2. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first elliptical pin hole is vertically arranged on the outer side surface of each rectangular sleeve (14); a pair of symmetrically arranged fixed shafts are rotatably inserted in the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank (1); a fixed swing arm (16) is fixedly arranged on the outer end of each fixed shaft; a second elliptical pin hole is horizontally arranged on the outer end of each fixed swing arm (16); and a first pin shaft (13) is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of both sides of each U-shaped bracket (12); and the outer end of each first pin shaft (13) slides through the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole inserted on the corresponding side.

3. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A concentrically fixed fixed gear (15) is sleeved in the middle of each fixed shaft, a pair of symmetrically distributed electric telescopic cylinders (17) are fixed in the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank (1), a U-shaped double-sided rack (18) with an opening facing downward is fixed at the end of the telescopic rod of each electric telescopic cylinder (17), each U-shaped double-sided rack (18) is located between the corresponding pair of fixed gears (15), and the U-shaped double-sided rack (18) is respectively meshed and connected with the corresponding pair of fixed gears (15).

4. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pair of symmetrically distributed rectangular sliding holes are provided on the front and rear side walls of the U-shaped plate (22), and a buffer spring (25) is fixedly provided on the inner side walls of each rectangular sliding hole. A slidably connected T-shaped sliding block (24) is engaged inside each rectangular sliding hole, and the outer side surface of each T-shaped sliding block (24) is movably hinged to the bottom end of the hinged swing arm (27) on the corresponding side. A reciprocating sliding block (23) is suspended in the U-shaped plate (22), and the front and rear ends of the reciprocating sliding block (23) are fixedly connected to the pair of T-shaped sliding blocks (24).

5. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third elliptical pin hole distributed frontward and rearward is opened in the middle of the reciprocating slide plate (23), a driven shaft (5) is rotatably inserted on the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate (2), the driven shaft (5) is located in the middle of the U-shaped plate (22), and a concentrically fixed driven gear (51) is sleeved on the middle and upper part of the driven shaft (5), a concentrically fixed driven rotating disk (52) is sleeved on the top end of the driven shaft (5), an eccentrically distributed second pin shaft (53) is fixed on the top surface of the driven rotating disk (52), and the top end of the second pin shaft (53) is slidably engaged in the third elliptical pin hole.

6. The dust suppression device for earth excavation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The double-notch gear (55) and a pair of sector gears (57) are alternately meshed and connected with the driven gear (51); A tension spring (58) is fixedly arranged on each sector gear (57), and one end of each tension spring (58) away from the sector gear (57) is fixedly connected to the double-notch gear (55).

7. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixed bracket (35) is fixedly arranged in the left port of the spray barrel (33), a booster fan (36) with an output end facing inward is fixedly arranged in the middle of the fixed bracket (35), and a plurality of evenly distributed spiral blades (37) are fixedly arranged at the fan shaft end of the booster fan (36); an annular tube (4) is fixedly arranged in the right port of the spray barrel (33), and a plurality of evenly distributed atomizing nozzles (41) are arranged on the inner annular surface of the annular tube (4); A booster pump (42) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inclined plate (3), and a flexible water inlet pipe (44) and a flexible water outlet pipe (43) are respectively arranged at the water inlet and outlet ends of the booster pump (42). A rectangular through hole is opened in the middle of the horizontal plate (2), and the bottom end of the flexible water inlet pipe (44) passes through the rectangular through hole, the middle of the top wall of the water tank (1) and extends to the bottom of the water tank (1); an elliptical through hole is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the spray barrel (33), and the top end of the flexible water outlet pipe (43) passes through the elliptical through hole and is connected to the annular pipe (4).

8. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third ear seat (38) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the right port of the spray barrel (33), a third pin shaft (39) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the third ear seat (38), a second motor (45) with an output end facing outward is fixedly provided at the bottom of the right side wall of the second side plate (32), a rotating disk (46) is sleeved on the motor shaft end of the second motor (45) and is concentrically fixedly connected, an eccentrically distributed fourth pin shaft (47) is fixedly provided on the outer side surface of the rotating disk (46), a reciprocating swing arm (48) is hingedly provided at the middle part of the right side wall of the inclined plate (3), a fourth elliptical pin hole is opened on the reciprocating swing arm (48), and the outer end portions of the third pin shaft (39) and the outer end portions of the fourth pin shaft (47) are respectively slidably inserted into the fourth elliptical pin hole.

9. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top surface of the water tank (1) is provided with fixed sliding holes at four corners, the bottom surface of the horizontal plate (2) is provided with fixed sliding rods (11) at four corners, the bottom end of each fixed sliding rod (11) is slidably inserted into the corresponding fixed sliding hole, the bottom surface of the water tank (1) is provided with rollers at four corners, and a water inlet is provided at the top of the left side wall of the water tank (1).

10. The dust suppression method of the dust suppression device for earth excavation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: inject an appropriate amount of water into the water tank (1) through the water injection port, and synchronously start a pair of electric telescopic cylinders (17), control the telescopic rods of the electric telescopic cylinders (17) to shorten, drive the U-shaped double-sided rack (18) to slide downward, and the U-shaped double-sided rack (18) engages to drive the fixed gear (15) and the fixed swing arm (16) to swing upward along the axis of the fixed shaft; Under the limiting action formed by the first pin shaft (13) and the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole, the U-shaped bracket (12) is driven to slide upward along the rectangular sleeve (14), and the fixed slide rod (11) is simultaneously driven to slide upward along the fixed slide hole, and the horizontal plate (2), the inclined plate (3), and the spray barrel (33) are driven to rise to any position within the travel range of the electric telescopic cylinder (17); Step 2, starting the first motor (54), the motor shaft of the first motor (54) drives the double-notch gear (55) and a pair of fan-shaped gears (57) to rotate synchronously, the double-notch gear (55) meshes to drive the driven gear (51) and the driven turntable (52) to rotate along the axis of the driven shaft (5), and then the double-notch gear (55) is disengaged from the driven gear (51), a fan-shaped gear (57) is meshed with the driven gear (51) and the rotation is briefly suspended, and then the fan-shaped gear (57) drives the driven gear (51) to rotate along the notch of the double-notch gear (55); Then, the double-notch gear (55) meshes again to drive the driven gear (51) and the driven rotating disk (52) to rotate, and then the double-notch gear (55) and the driven gear (51) are disengaged again, and the other sector gear (57) meshes with the driven gear (51) and briefly pauses in rotation, so that within a complete meshing cycle of the double-notch gear (55) and the driven gear (51), the driven gear (51) and the driven rotating disk (52) briefly pause in rotation twice; Step three, under the limiting action formed by the second pin shaft (53) and the third elliptical pin hole, the reciprocating slide plate (23) and the pair of T-shaped slide blocks (24) are driven to slide back and forth along the pair of rectangular slide holes, and the reciprocating slide plate (23) is briefly paused when sliding to the leftmost side or the rightmost side; Under the hinged action of a pair of hinged swing arms (27), the tilting plate (3) and the spray barrel (33) are driven to perform reciprocating tilting and swinging along the first ear seat (21) through a pair of first ear seats (21) and a pair of second ear seats (26); when the tilting plate (3) swings to a maximum tilting angle and a minimum tilting angle, the tilting plate (3) and the spray barrel (33) both briefly pause in swinging; Step 4, starting the second motor (45), the motor shaft of the second motor (45) drives the rotating disk (46) and the fourth pin shaft (47) to rotate synchronously, under the limiting action formed by the third pin shaft (39), the fourth pin shaft (47) and the fourth elliptical pin hole, the fourth pin shaft (47) drives the reciprocating swing arm (48) to swing back and forth along the fourth elliptical pin hole, and the reciprocating swing arm (48) then drives the third pin shaft (39), the third ear seat (38) and the spray barrel (33) to reciprocate, one of the rotating rings (34) reciprocates along the large diameter through hole, and the other rotating ring (34) reciprocates along the small diameter through hole; Step 5, starting the booster pump (42). Under the action of the booster pump (42), the water in the water tank (1) flows along the flexible water inlet pipe (44) into the booster pump (42) to be pressurized, and then flows along the flexible water outlet pipe (43) into the annular pipe (4), and forms atomized water droplets through the atomizing nozzle (41); synchronously starting the booster fan (36). Under the action of the booster fan (36), the plurality of spiral blades (37) are driven to rotate at a high speed. Under the strong action of the spiral blades (37), the outside air flows along the left port of the spray barrel (33) and carries the atomized water droplets to be ejected through the right port of the spray barrel (33), and performs dust reduction operation on the dust in the surrounding air.

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