Process and device for extracting citrus pectin

Abstract

The invention discloses a citrus pectin extraction device, and belongs to the technical field of citrus pectin extraction, the citrus pectin extraction device comprises a pectin extraction assembly for citrus pectin extraction, the pectin extraction assembly comprises a citrus peel crushing assembly and a citrus peel squeezing assembly, and the citrus peel crushing assembly is provided with a crushing box for citrus peel crushing pretreatment; a plurality of crushing fluted disc pieces which synchronously rotate to crush orange peels are arranged in an inner cavity of the crushing box, the orange peel squeezing assembly is provided with a squeezing extraction tank for squeezing the crushed orange peels, a squeezing extraction assembly is arranged in the squeezing extraction tank, and the bottom end of the squeezing extraction tank is connected with a discharging supporting pool in a penetrating mode; citrus peels are preliminarily crushed in the crushing box and then input into the squeezing extraction tank to be squeezed through the squeezing extraction assembly. The squeezing force is gradually applied from light to heavy, so that the problems of citrus peel damage and pectin quality reduction possibly caused by a sudden pressing mode are prevented, and the extraction quality and efficiency of the citrus pectin are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of citrus pectin extraction, in particular to a citrus pectin extraction process and a device thereof. Background Art

[0002] Citrus pectin is a polysaccharide extracted from the peel and pulp of citrus fruits, mainly found in the cell walls. It is a natural food thickener, stabilizer and coagulant, and is widely used in the food industry. Pectin is usually extracted from the peel of citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and grapefruits, as well as the white veins (the white part under the peel) in the pulp.

[0003] In the field of citrus pectin extraction, existing extraction devices and technologies have several limitations and shortcomings. In particular, for the pretreatment and squeezing extraction process of citrus peel, the specific problems faced by existing equipment, their causes, and the possible consequences of not solving these problems are as follows: Most existing squeezing devices use a fixed squeezing force application method, that is, applying the maximum pressure at one time. This approach ignores the dynamic changes of citrus peel during the squeezing process, such as volume reduction, density increase, etc. In addition, the sudden downward pressure may not only cause physical damage to the citrus peel, but also cause damage to the quality of pectin. For example, excessive pressure may cause excessive rupture of the citrus peel cell wall, release unnecessary impurities, and affect the purity of pectin. Moreover, the fixed high-pressure squeezing method tends to accelerate the aging and wear of mechanical parts, shorten the life of the equipment, and increase maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a citrus pectin extraction process and a device thereof to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a citrus pectin extraction device, comprising a pectin extraction assembly for extracting citrus pectin, wherein the pectin extraction assembly comprises a citrus peel crushing component and a citrus peel pressing component; The citrus peel crushing component has a crushing box for citrus peel crushing pretreatment, and a plurality of crushing toothed discs for synchronously rotating and crushing the citrus peel are arranged in the inner cavity of the crushing box. The citrus peel squeezing component has a squeezing and extraction tank for squeezing the crushed citrus peel, and a squeezing and extraction component is arranged in the squeezing and extraction tank. The bottom end of the squeezing and extraction tank is through-connected with a feeding support pool. After the citrus peel is preliminarily crushed in the crushing box, it is input into the squeezing and extraction tank and squeezed by the squeezing and extraction component.

[0006] Preferably, the crushing box comprises a crushing box upper cover and a crushing box lower shell assembled together, a rotating shaft is fixed in the concentric holes of the plurality of crushing toothed disc members, and the rotating shaft mounts the plurality of crushing toothed disc members and is rotatably installed in the crushing box lower shell.

[0007] Preferably, a support frame is fixed to the bottom end of the lower shell of the crushing box, and the support frame is erected across the top of the squeezing and extraction tank. A feed port is integrally formed at the top of the upper cover of the crushing box, and a feed hopper is fixedly connected to the feed port.

[0008] Preferably, in the present solution, a crushing chamber for containing input citrus peels is provided in the inner cavity of the lower shell of the crushing box and located on one side of the crushing toothed disc member, and the inner wall of the crushing chamber is provided with a crushing gentle slope.

[0009] Preferably, the circumferential side of each of the crushing toothed discs is integrally formed with a plurality of crushing tooth claws in a circular array, and a crushing cutter head is fixed to the inner wall of each of the crushing tooth claws.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fixing ring is welded to the middle of the inner wall of the squeezing and extraction tank, a squeezing receiving plate is elastically mounted on the fixing ring, a squeezing lower concave plate is integrally formed in the squeezing receiving plate, filter holes are densely arranged on the surface of the squeezing lower concave plate, and a discharge port with an electromagnetic valve inside is arranged in the middle of the surface of the squeezing lower concave plate.

[0011] Preferably, the top surface of the fixing ring is provided with a plurality of lifting and positioning through holes in an annular array, and the bottom edge side of the pressing receiving disk is welded with a plurality of lifting and positioning vertical rods which cooperate and plug into the lifting and positioning through holes in an annular array, and the circumference of the lifting and positioning vertical rods is sleeved with compression spring parts, and when the lifting and positioning vertical rods are plugged into the corresponding lifting and positioning through holes, the compression spring parts are located on the fixing ring, so that the bottom end of the compression spring part abuts against the top surface of the fixing ring, and the top end of the compression spring part abuts against the bottom surface of the pressing receiving disk.

[0012] In this solution, the top of the squeezing and extraction tank is preferably provided with a detachable tank cover, and the squeezing and extraction assembly comprises a hydraulic lifting column fixed to the bottom surface of the detachable tank cover, a squeezing plate fixed to the lifting free end of the bottom of the hydraulic lifting column, and a replaceable pressing plate detachably mounted on the bottom surface of the squeezing plate; The replaceable pressing plate is provided with a convex pressing plate body matched with the pressing concave plate, and the convex pressing plate body is densely provided with pressing convex points for squeezing citrus peels on the outer wall facing the pressing concave plate.

[0013] In this solution, a through hole for the squeezing and extraction tank to pass through is provided in the middle of the top surface of the material discharge support pool, and a plug-in chamber is also provided in the material discharge support pool, and a citrus residue receiving drawer is plugged into the plug-in chamber; The through port is connected to the plug-in chamber, and a concave cavity is provided directly below the through port and on the bottom wall of the plug-in chamber. One end of the concave cavity is connected with a discharge pipe extending to the outside of the material discharge support pool. A pump body is connected to the periphery of the discharge pipe, and a filter net is provided in the citrus residue receiving drawer.

[0014] A citrus pectin extraction process comprises the following steps: S1. Select fresh, mold-free citrus peels that have been washed to remove surface impurities as raw materials; S2, freezing the citrus peel at a temperature ranging from -20°C to -40°C, followed by rapid thawing, which helps to destroy the cell structure and improve the efficiency of pectin release; S3, placing the pretreated citrus peel in an acidic solution with a pH value between 1.8 and 2.5, and stirring and soaking at 30° C. to 45° C. for 1 to 3 hours, wherein the acidic solution contains citric acid and a trace amount of enzyme preparation to enhance the solubility of pectin and reduce energy consumption; S4, putting the citrus peel after acid extraction into the feed hopper, when the citrus peel enters the crushing box, the crushing claws and the crushing cutter head act together on the citrus peel to achieve cutting, tearing and grinding; S5, the citrus peel after preliminary crushing is transported to the squeezing and extraction tank through the feeding pipe, the citrus peel is squeezed and extracted by the squeezing and extraction component, and the liquid collected after squeezing is preliminarily purified by a multi-stage filtration structure to remove large molecular weight impurities and retain the target pectin component; S6, concentrating the purified pectin solution by vacuum concentration, and adding food-grade antioxidants to prevent oxidative degradation of the pectin; S7, adding ethanol to the concentrated pectin solution to precipitate the pectin to form flocs, and then separating the pectin from the mother liquor by centrifugation or filtration; S8. The precipitated pectin is washed and placed in a fluidized bed dryer, and dried at 40°C to 60°C until the moisture content is less than 10%. The dried pectin is crushed and sieved through a sieve to finally obtain a citrus pectin product with uniform particle size and excellent quality.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: The citrus pectin extraction device uses a hydraulic lifting column with a compression spring design to achieve elastic lifting and installation of the pressing receiving plate, so that the pressing force can be applied gradually from light to heavy, preventing the damage to the citrus peel and the deterioration of the pectin quality caused by sudden pressure. This pressing method helps to improve the pressing quality and protect the raw materials at the same time.

[0016] The compression spring not only provides elastic support for the pressing receiving plate, allowing it to move with the pressure changes during the pressing process, but also quickly drives the pressing receiving plate to reset after the pressing is completed, achieving the effect of turning the citrus peels to prepare for the next pressing. In addition, the compression spring also plays a role of buffer protection, preventing excessive impact force during the pressing process from causing damage to mechanical parts.

[0017] The pressing plate cooperates with the replaceable pressing plate. When the hydraulic lifting column is activated, the pressing plate descends, driving the replaceable pressing plate to contact the pressing concave plate for pressing. In this process, the appropriate replaceable pressing plate is selected according to the state of the citrus peel, and a specific pressing mode can be triggered in conjunction to achieve the best pectin extraction effect.

[0018] By using multiple synchronously rotating crushing toothed discs in the citrus peel crushing assembly and a crushing gentle slope body set in the inner cavity of the crushing box, the contact time between the citrus peel and the crushing toothed disc is increased, and the crushing uniformity and efficiency are improved. This design not only speeds up the pretreatment speed, but also ensures that the citrus peel can be crushed more fully, creating favorable conditions for subsequent squeezing and extraction. The squeezing and extraction tank in the citrus peel squeezing assembly is equipped with a replaceable pressing plate, and the squeezing convex points or squeezing convex patterns on the lower convex pressing plate body can further refine the squeezing of the citrus peel, thereby improving the extraction rate of pectin. In addition, the progressive pressure application method during the squeezing process avoids excessive damage to the citrus peel and ensures the quality of the pectin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the crushing box upper cover and the crushing box lower shell of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing toothed disc member of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the squeezing and extraction tank and the material feeding support pool of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the pressing plate of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the pressing lower concave plate of the present invention; Figure 7For the present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the citrus residue receiving drawer of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the lower convex pressure plate body of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the replaceable pressure plate of the present invention; Fig.11 The present invention is a flow chart of a citrus pectin extraction process.

[0021] Description of reference numerals: In the figure: 1. Pectin extraction assembly; 2. Citrus peel crushing assembly; 3. Citrus peel pressing assembly; 4. Support frame; 5. Crushing box; 6. Feed hopper; 7. Servo motor; 8. Pressing and extraction tank; 9. Feeding support pool; 10. Crushing box upper cover; 11. Crushing box lower shell; 12. Feeding port; 13. Active pulley; 14. Driven pulley; 15. Driving belt; 16. Rotating shaft; 17. Crushing toothed disc; 18. Crushing gentle slope body; 19. Crushing claw; 20. Crushing cutter head; 21. Removable tank cover; 2 2. Feed pipe; 23. Discharge pipe; 24. Pump body; 25. Citrus pulp receiving drawer; 26. Hydraulic lifting column; 27. Pressing plate; 28. Pressing receiving plate; 29. ​​Fixed ring; 30. Pressing lower concave plate; 31. Filter hole; 32. Discharge port; 33. Lifting and positioning vertical rod; 34. Compression spring member; 35. Lifting and positioning through hole; 36. Through port; 37. Concave cavity; 38. Plug-in chamber; 39. Filter net; 40. Replaceable pressure plate; 41. Lower convex pressure plate body; 42. Pressing convex point; 43. Pressing convex texture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the following description, a large number of specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features well known in the art are not described.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, the up, down, left, right, front, back, inside and outside directions involved in this document are based on the up, down, left, right, front, back, inside and outside directions in the figures shown in the present invention, and are explained here together.

[0024] This embodiment provides Figures 1 to 11 A citrus pectin extraction device shown includes a pectin extraction assembly 1 for extracting citrus pectin, wherein the pectin extraction assembly 1 includes a citrus peel crushing component 2 and a citrus peel squeezing component 3; The citrus peel crushing component 2 has a crushing box 5 for pre-crushing of citrus peels, and a plurality of crushing toothed discs 17 for synchronously rotating and crushing the citrus peels are arranged in the inner cavity of the crushing box 5. The citrus peel squeezing component 3 has a squeezing and extraction tank 8 for squeezing the crushed citrus peels, and a squeezing and extraction component is arranged in the squeezing and extraction tank 8. The bottom end of the squeezing and extraction tank 8 is connected to a feeding support pool 9. After the citrus peels are preliminarily crushed in the crushing box 5, they are input into the squeezing and extraction tank 8 and squeezed by the squeezing and extraction component.

[0025] In this embodiment, the crushing box 5 includes a crushing box upper cover 10 and a crushing box lower shell 11 assembled together, and a rotating shaft 16 is fixed in the concentric holes of the multiple crushing toothed disc members 17. The rotating shaft 16 mounts multiple crushing toothed disc members 17 and is rotatably installed in the crushing box lower shell 11.

[0026] In this embodiment, a support frame 4 is fixed to the bottom end of the crushing box lower shell 11, and the support frame 4 is erected across the top of the squeezing and extraction tank 8. A servo motor 7 is fixed to one side of the support frame 4, and a driving pulley 13 is fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor 7. One end of the rotating shaft 16 extends to the outside of the crushing box lower shell 11 and is fixed to a driven pulley 14, and a driving belt 15 is connected between the driving pulley 13 and the driven pulley 14. The servo motor 7 drives the driving pulley 13 to rotate, and the driven pulley 14 and the rotating shaft 16 are driven to rotate synchronously under the action of the driving belt 15, thereby driving the crushing toothed disc 17 to rotate in the crushing box lower shell 11 to crush the citrus peel. A feed port 12 is integrally formed at the top of the crushing box upper cover 10, and a feed hopper 6 is fixedly connected to the feed port 12.

[0027] In this embodiment, a crushing chamber for holding the input citrus peel is provided in the inner cavity of the crushing box lower shell 11 and on one side of the crushing toothed disc 17, and the inner wall of the crushing chamber is provided with a crushing gentle slope 18. The crushing gentle slope 18 can increase the friction between the citrus peel and the crushing box lower shell 11, slowing down the speed at which the citrus peel falls from the crushing box lower shell 11 to the squeezing and extraction tank 8, thereby increasing the time and area of ​​crushing between the citrus peel and the crushing toothed disc 17.

[0028] In this embodiment, a plurality of crushing claws 19 are integrally formed in a circular array on the circumference of each crushing toothed disc 17, and a crushing cutter head 20 is fixed to the inner wall of each crushing claw 19. When the crushing toothed disc 17 rotates, the crushing cutter head 20 crushes and cuts the citrus peel fed into the crushing chamber, and at the same time, when the citrus peel fed into the crushing chamber is slowed down by the crushing ramp 18, a part of the citrus peel will be accumulated. The crushing cutter head 20 can not only cut and crush the citrus peel, but also can shear and squeeze the citrus peel when the crushing cutter head 20 and the crushing ramp 18 cooperate, thereby realizing the synchronous operation of crushing, cutting and squeezing, thereby improving the extraction efficiency and quality of pectin.

[0029] In this embodiment, a fixing ring 29 is welded to the middle of the inner wall of the squeezing and extracting tank 8, and a squeezing receiving plate 28 is elastically lifted and lowered on the fixing ring 29, and a squeezing lower concave plate 30 is integrally formed in the squeezing receiving plate 28, and the surface of the squeezing lower concave plate 30 is densely provided with filter holes 31, and a feeding port 32 with an electromagnetic valve inside is provided in the middle of the surface of the squeezing lower concave plate 30. When the citrus peels that have been initially crushed are input into the squeezing and extracting tank 8, the citrus peels fall into the squeezing lower concave plate 30, and through the squeezing of the squeezing and extracting assembly, the liquid that flows out after squeezing flows into the lower part of the inner cavity of the squeezing and extracting tank 8 from the filter holes 31. The upper part of the peripheral outer wall of the squeezing and extracting tank 8 is connected with a feed pipe 22, which is an L-shaped structure. One end of the feed pipe 22 that penetrates into the squeezing and extracting tank 8 is located above the squeezing receiving plate 28 and below the squeezing plate 27. At this time, the compression spring member 34 is in a calm state without extrusion force. The end of the feed pipe 22 away from the top of the squeezing and extracting tank 8 penetrates into the crushing chamber of the lower shell 11 of the crushing box, so that the preliminarily crushed citrus peel is input from the feed pipe 22 into the squeezing lower concave plate 30 in the squeezing and extracting tank 8.

[0030] In this embodiment, a plurality of lifting and positioning through holes 35 are opened in a circular array on the top surface of the fixing ring 29, and a plurality of lifting and positioning vertical rods 33 that are plugged into and cooperate with the lifting and positioning through holes 35 are welded in a circular array on the bottom edge side of the pressing receiving plate 28. A compression spring member 34 is sleeved on the circumference of the lifting and positioning vertical rod 33. When the lifting and positioning vertical rod 33 is plugged into the corresponding lifting and positioning through hole 35, the compression spring member 34 is located on the fixing ring 29, so that the bottom end of the compression spring member 34 abuts against the top surface of the fixing ring 29, and the top end of the compression spring member 34 abuts against the bottom surface of the pressing receiving plate 28. When the squeezing and extraction assembly presses down the squeezing receiving plate 28 and the citrus peel in the squeezing concave plate 30, the squeezing receiving plate 28 drives the lifting and positioning upright rod 33 to be inserted and lowered in the lifting and positioning through hole 35, so that the squeezing is gradually pressed from light to heavy, preventing the sudden pressing method from damaging the citrus peel and the extracted pectin, thereby improving the squeezing and extraction quality. When the squeezing receiving plate 28 is pressed down to the maximum stroke value close to the fixing ring 29, the squeezing and extraction assembly reaches the maximum squeezing force. When the squeezing is completed once, The squeezing and extraction component rises rapidly and no longer presses down the squeezing receiving plate 28. After the squeezing receiving plate 28 loses pressure, the squeezing receiving plate 28 is rapidly driven to bounce upward by the rebound force of the compression spring member 34, which not only helps to carry out the next squeezing procedure, but also bounces or shakes the squeezed citrus peel in the squeezing concave plate 30 through this bouncing action, so that the citrus peel is turned over or moved, and the squeezing and extraction component is squeezed from light to heavy again, thereby further improving the efficiency of squeezing and extraction and the quality of pectin.

[0031] In this embodiment, a removable tank cover 21 is provided at the top of the squeezing and extracting tank 8, and the squeezing and extracting assembly includes a hydraulic lifting column 26 fixed to the bottom surface of the removable tank cover 21, a squeezing plate 27 fixed to the lifting free end at the bottom of the hydraulic lifting column 26, and a replaceable pressing plate 40 detachably installed on the bottom surface of the squeezing plate 27, wherein the replaceable pressing plate 40 has a lower convex pressing plate body 41 that matches with the squeezing lower concave plate 30, wherein the squeezing lower concave plate 30 is a concave structure, and the lower convex pressing plate body 41 is a convex structure. , so that the two are snapped together to achieve the squeezing of citrus peel. The outer wall of the lower convex pressure plate body 41 facing the squeezing lower concave plate 30 is densely provided with squeezing convex points 42 for further refining the squeezing of citrus peel. At the same time, the replaceable pressure plate 40 is detachably installed. When it is necessary to replace the refining squeezing parts with different structures, another replaceable pressure plate 40 can be replaced according to actual selection. The outer wall of the lower convex pressure plate body 41 of the other replaceable pressure plate 40 has squeezing convex lines 43 for further refining the squeezing of citrus peel.

[0032] In this embodiment, a through hole 36 for the squeezing and extraction tank 8 to pass through is opened in the middle position of the top surface of the material discharge support pool 9, and a plug-in chamber 38 is also opened in the material discharge support pool 9, and a citrus residue receiving drawer 25 is plugged into the plug-in chamber 38. The through hole 36 is connected to the plug-in chamber 38, and a concave cavity 37 is opened directly below the through hole 36 and located on the inner bottom wall of the plug-in chamber 38. One end of the concave cavity 37 is connected to a discharge pipe 23 extending to the outside of the material discharge support pool 9, and the discharge pipe 23 is connected to a pump body 24 on the peripheral side. The citrus residue receiving drawer 25 has a filter screen 39. When the squeezing and extraction tank 8 After the citrus peels are squeezed, the liquid flows into the concave cavity 37 from the filter screen 39, and the extracted liquid in the concave cavity 37 is discharged from the discharge pipe 23 to the desired container by starting the pump body 24. The citrus peel residue in the lower concave plate 30 is squeezed and the solenoid valve in the discharge port 32 is opened, so that the citrus residue falls into the filter screen 39 from the discharge port 32, and the mixed liquid is still discharged from the concave cavity 37 and the discharge pipe 23. After the squeezed citrus residue is stored in the filter screen 39, the citrus residue receiving drawer 25 is pulled out from the plug-in chamber 38, and the citrus residue in the filter screen 39 is centrally processed and dumped to separate the solid and liquid.

[0033] A citrus pectin extraction process comprises the following steps: S1. Select fresh, mold-free citrus peels that have been washed to remove surface impurities as raw materials; S2, freezing the citrus peel at a temperature ranging from -20°C to -40°C, followed by rapid thawing, which helps to destroy the cell structure and improve the efficiency of pectin release; S3, placing the pretreated citrus peel in an acidic solution with a pH value between 1.8 and 2.5, stirring and soaking at 30°C to 45°C for 1 to 3 hours, wherein the acidic solution contains citric acid and a trace amount of enzyme preparation (such as cellulase or pectinase) for enhancing the solubility of pectin and reducing energy consumption; during the acid extraction process, using ultrasonic assisted technology (frequency range of 20kHz to 40kHz) to accelerate the release of pectin from plant tissues and reduce the amount of acid and extraction time; S4, putting the citrus peel after acid extraction into the feed hopper 6, when the citrus peel enters the crushing box 5, the crushing claws 19 and the crushing cutter head 20 act together on the citrus peel to achieve cutting, tearing and grinding effects; S5, the citrus peel after preliminary crushing is transported to the squeezing and extraction tank 8 through the feed pipe 22, and the citrus peel is squeezed and extracted by the squeezing and extraction component, and the liquid collected after squeezing is preliminarily purified by a multi-stage filtration structure (such as a microfiltration membrane and an ultrafiltration membrane) to remove large molecular weight impurities and retain the target pectin component; S6, concentrating the purified pectin solution by vacuum concentration, and adding food-grade antioxidants (such as vitamin C) to prevent oxidative degradation of pectin; S7, adding ethanol to the concentrated pectin solution to precipitate the pectin to form flocs, and then separating the pectin from the mother liquor by centrifugation or filtration; S8. The precipitated pectin is washed and placed in a fluidized bed dryer, and dried at 40°C to 60°C until the moisture content is less than 10%. The dried pectin is further crushed and screened through a sieve to finally obtain a citrus pectin product with uniform particle size and excellent quality.

[0034] Working principle: The citrus pectin extraction device controls the feeding through the feeding hopper 6 to avoid the blockage of the crushing box 5 caused by too much material being put in at one time. When the citrus peel enters the crushing box 5, the servo motor 7 drives the rotating shaft 16 to rotate, so that multiple crushing toothed discs 17 operate synchronously, wherein the crushing claws 19 and the crushing cutter head 20 act together on the citrus peel to achieve cutting, tearing and grinding effects. The crushing gentle slope 18 is located on the inner wall of the crushing chamber, and its inclination angle and surface texture help to increase friction, so that the citrus peel can be fully crushed in the process of slowly falling, prolonging the contact time between the citrus peel and the crushing toothed disc 17, and improving the crushing efficiency and uniformity.

[0035] The citrus peel after preliminary crushing is transported to the squeezing and extraction tank 8 through the feed pipe 22. The design of the feed pipe 22 ensures that the material can accurately fall into the squeezing lower concave plate 30 without leakage or overflow.

[0036] Before squeezing, the detachable tank cover 21 is closed, and the airtightness of the squeezing and extraction tank 8 is ensured by a sealing ring to prevent oxygen in the outside air from affecting the quality of pectin. The hydraulic lifting column 26 adjusts the squeezing plate 27 to an appropriate height so that the replaceable pressing plate 40 installed at the bottom can accurately dock with the squeezing concave plate 30. A convex pressing plate body 41 with a specific shape is selected according to needs to better match the characteristics of citrus peels and improve squeezing efficiency.

[0037] The hydraulic lifting column 26 gradually lowers the pressing plate 27, applying progressive pressure to the citrus peel. During this period, the compression spring member 34 allows the pressing receiving plate 28 to move with the pressure change, ensuring that the pressing force gradually increases from light to heavy, avoiding sudden pressure from damaging the citrus peel or affecting the quality of pectin. The pressing convex points 42 or pressing convex lines 43 on the lower convex pressing plate body 41 further refine the pressing and squeezing of the citrus peel, increase the contact area between the citrus peel and the pressing plate, and improve the pectin extraction rate. The lifting and positioning through holes 35 on the fixed ring 29 cooperate with the lifting and positioning vertical rods 33 welded to the bottom edge of the pressing receiving plate 28. When the pressing receiving plate 28 is subjected to a decrease in pressure, the compression spring member 34 is compressed to provide a buffering effect; when the pressing is completed, the spring member 34 rebounds, quickly driving the pressing receiving plate 28 to reset, turning the citrus peel, and preparing for the next pressing.

[0038] During the squeezing process, the liquid flows into the lower space of the squeezing and extraction tank 8 through the filter hole 31, and finally enters the concave cavity 37 in the material support pool 9 through the opening 36. At this time, the mixed liquid may contain tiny citrus peel fragments, which will be blocked by the filter screen 39 and cannot enter the discharge pipe 23. The pump body 24 is started, and the liquid is discharged and collected through the discharge pipe 23, while the solid residue is retained in the lower squeezing concave plate 30. In order to ensure smooth discharge of the liquid, the operator should regularly check the status of the pump body 24 to avoid malfunctions caused by blockage by foreign matter.

[0039] After one squeeze is completed, the hydraulic lifting column 26 rises to remove the pressure on the squeeze receiving plate 28. At this time, the compression spring member 34 rebounds, causing the squeeze receiving plate 28 to quickly reset, which helps to turn over the citrus peels and prepare for the next squeeze. If continuous operation is required, new citrus peels can continue to be added to the crushing box 5 while the squeeze receiving plate 28 is reset, thereby achieving uninterrupted production.

[0040] The solenoid valve in the discharge port 32 is opened to allow the remaining citrus peel residue to fall onto the filter screen 39, and then the mixed liquid is discharged from the concave cavity 37 and the discharge pipe 23. In order to avoid excessive accumulation of citrus residue and affect subsequent operations, the operator should clean the citrus residue receiving drawer 25 in time after each squeezing. When the citrus residue receiving drawer 25 is full, it can be manually pulled out by pulling the handle to pour out the citrus residue so as to continue the operation of the next batch. In addition, the operator should also clean the filter screen 39 to ensure that it always maintains good filtering performance.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as one and two are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions. The sentence "includes an element defined by ... does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element".

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A citrus pectin extraction device, comprising a pectin extraction assembly (1) for extracting citrus pectin, characterized in that: The pectin extraction assembly (1) comprises a citrus peel crushing component (2) and a citrus peel squeezing component (3); The citrus peel crushing component (2) comprises a crushing box (5) for crushing the citrus peels for pre-processing. A plurality of crushing toothed discs (17) for synchronously rotating and crushing the citrus peels are arranged in the inner cavity of the crushing box (5). The citrus peel squeezing component (3) comprises a squeezing and extraction tank (8) for squeezing the crushed citrus peels. The squeezing and extraction tank (8) is provided with a squeezing and extraction component. The bottom end of the squeezing and extraction tank (8) is connected to a feed support pool (9). After the citrus peels are preliminarily crushed in the crushing box (5), they are input into the squeezing and extraction tank (8) for squeezing and processing by the squeezing and extraction component.

2. The citrus pectin extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing box (5) comprises a crushing box upper cover (10) and a crushing box lower shell (11) assembled together, a rotating shaft (16) is fixed in the concentric holes of the plurality of crushing toothed disc members (17), and the rotating shaft (16) supports the plurality of crushing toothed disc members (17) and is rotatably installed in the crushing box lower shell (11).

3. The citrus pectin extraction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support frame (4) is fixed to the bottom end of the crushing box lower shell (11), and the support frame (4) is erected across the top of the squeezing and extraction tank (8). A feed port (12) is integrally formed at the top of the crushing box upper cover (10), and a feed hopper (6) is fixedly connected to the feed port (12).

4. The citrus pectin extraction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A crushing chamber for containing input citrus peels is provided in the inner cavity of the lower shell (11) of the crushing box and located on one side of the crushing toothed disc member (17), and the inner wall of the crushing chamber is provided with a crushing gentle slope (18).

5. The citrus pectin extraction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of crushing tooth claws (19) are integrally formed in a circular array on the circumferential side of each crushing tooth disc member (17), and a crushing cutter head (20) is fixed to the inner wall of each crushing tooth claw (19).

6. The citrus pectin extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixing ring (29) is welded at the middle position of the inner wall of the squeezing extraction tank (8), a squeezing receiving plate (28) is elastically mounted on the fixing ring (29), a squeezing lower concave plate (30) is integrally formed in the squeezing receiving plate (28), filter holes (31) are densely arranged on the surface of the squeezing lower concave plate (30), and a discharge port (32) with an electromagnetic valve inside is arranged at the middle position of the surface of the squeezing lower concave plate (30).

7. The citrus pectin extraction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of lifting and positioning through holes (35) are formed in an annular array on the top surface of the fixing ring (29); a plurality of lifting and positioning uprights (33) that are plugged into and matched with the lifting and positioning through holes (35) are welded in an annular array on the bottom edge side of the pressing receiving plate (28); a compression spring member (34) is sleeved around the circumference of the lifting and positioning uprights (33); when the lifting and positioning uprights (33) are plugged into the corresponding lifting and positioning through holes (35), the compression spring member (34) is located on the fixing ring (29), so that the bottom end of the compression spring member (34) abuts against the top surface of the fixing ring (29), and the top end of the compression spring member (34) abuts against the bottom surface of the pressing receiving plate (28).

8. The citrus pectin extraction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the squeezing and extraction tank (8) is provided with a detachable tank cover (21), and the squeezing and extraction assembly comprises a hydraulic lifting column (26) fixed to the bottom surface of the detachable tank cover (21), a squeezing plate (27) fixed to the lifting free end of the bottom of the hydraulic lifting column (26), and a replaceable pressing plate (40) detachably mounted on the bottom surface of the squeezing plate (27); The replaceable pressing plate (40) comprises a lower convex pressing plate body (41) which matches the lower concave pressing plate (30), and the lower convex pressing plate body (41) is densely provided with pressing convex points (42) for pressing and squeezing citrus peels on the outer wall facing the lower concave pressing plate (30).

9. The citrus pectin extraction device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A through hole (36) for the squeezing and extraction tank (8) to pass through is provided in the middle of the top surface of the material discharge support pool (9), and a plug-in chamber (38) is also provided in the material discharge support pool (9), and a citrus pulp receiving drawer (25) is plugged into the plug-in chamber (38); The through opening (36) is connected to the plug-in chamber (38), and a concave cavity (37) is provided directly below the through opening (36) and located on the inner bottom wall of the plug-in chamber (38). One end of the concave cavity (37) is connected to a discharge pipe (23) extending to the outside of the material discharge support pool (9), and the peripheral side of the discharge pipe (23) is connected to a pump body (24). A filter screen (39) is provided in the citrus pulp receiving drawer (25).

10. A process for extracting citrus pectin, using the citrus pectin extraction device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select fresh, mold-free citrus peels that have been washed to remove surface impurities as raw materials; S2, freezing the citrus peel at a temperature ranging from -20°C to -40°C, followed by rapid thawing, which helps to destroy the cell structure and improve the efficiency of pectin release; S3, placing the pretreated citrus peel in an acidic solution with a pH value between 1.8 and 2.5, and stirring and soaking at 30° C. to 45° C. for 1 to 3 hours, wherein the acidic solution contains citric acid and a trace amount of enzyme preparation to enhance the solubility of pectin and reduce energy consumption; S4, putting the citrus peel after acid extraction into the feed hopper (6), and when the citrus peel enters the crushing box (5), the crushing claws (19) and the crushing cutter head (20) work together to cut, tear and grind the citrus peel; S5, the citrus peel after preliminary crushing is transported to the squeezing and extraction tank (8) through the feed pipe (22), the citrus peel is squeezed and extracted by the squeezing and extraction component, and the liquid collected after squeezing is initially purified by a multi-stage filtration structure to remove large molecular weight impurities and retain the target pectin component; S6, concentrating the purified pectin solution by vacuum concentration, and adding food grade antioxidants to prevent oxidative degradation of the pectin; S7, adding ethanol to the concentrated pectin solution to precipitate the pectin to form flocs, and then separating the pectin from the mother liquor by centrifugation or filtration; S8. The precipitated pectin is washed and placed in a fluidized bed dryer, and dried at 40°C to 60°C until the moisture content is less than 10%. The dried pectin is screened through a sieve to finally obtain a citrus pectin product with uniform particle size and excellent quality.

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