An urban hazardous and solid waste crushing device and a molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking and carbonization system

Abstract

The present application discloses an urban hazardous and solid waste crushing device and a molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking and carbonization system, belonging to the technical field of urban solid waste treatment. It includes a housing, a driving mechanism, two crushing rolls and a plurality of fine crushing disc assemblies. The crushing rolls are installed in the first housing, and the fine crushing disc assemblies are installed in the second housing. Each fine crushing disc assembly is arranged axially along the second housing. The fine crushing disc assembly includes a first fine crushing disc and a second fine crushing disc. The driving mechanism is used to drive the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc to rotate in opposite directions. The opposite surfaces of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc sequentially include an extrusion surface and a guiding surface along the radial direction outward. The extrusion surface is also provided with multiple groups of circumferentially evenly distributed shear convex teeth. One group of shear convex teeth includes a plurality of shear convex teeth arranged at intervals along an arc, and the protruding direction of the arc path of the shear convex teeth deviates from the rotation direction of the extrusion surface where it is located. The shear convex teeth of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc are arranged in a radial dislocation manner. The present application can improve the crushing and refinement effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of urban solid waste treatment, and relates to an urban hazardous solid waste crushing device and a molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking and carbonization system. Background Art

[0002] Urban hazardous solid waste usually refers to solid waste generated in urban production and life, which has one or more hazardous characteristics such as corrosivity, toxicity, flammability, reactivity or infectivity. These wastes may come from industrial production, medical activities, laboratories, households, etc., including but not limited to waste acids, waste alkalis, waste oils, waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste paint buckets, medical waste, electronic waste, etc.

[0003] Existing treatment methods for hazardous solid waste include chemical treatment, heat treatment, stabilization treatment and safe landfill. Among them, heat treatment includes incineration and anaerobic cracking and carbonization. Before the above treatments, it is often necessary to perform crushing pretreatment on the solid waste to increase the surface area of the solid waste and reduce the volume of the solid waste, so as to improve the efficiency and effect of subsequent treatment.

[0004] The existing crushing method mainly uses a crushing roll for crushing. A single-stage crushing roll is used, which has low energy consumption but poor particle size controllability. Further, a multi-stage crushing roll, such as a three-stage or four-stage one, is used to control the crushing particle size, but the energy consumption of the multi-stage crushing roll is high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to balance the existing crushing particle size and energy consumption, an urban hazardous solid waste crushing device and a molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking and carbonization system are provided.

[0006] This application provides an urban hazardous solid waste crushing device, and specifically adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:

[0007] An urban hazardous and solid waste crushing device, comprising a housing, a driving mechanism, two crushing rollers and a plurality of fine crushing disc assemblies. The housing sequentially includes a square first housing and a cylindrical second housing from top to bottom. The axis of the second housing is horizontally arranged. The upper part of the first housing has a feed inlet. The lower part of the first housing is communicated with the second housing through a receiving port. The lower part of the second housing has a discharge port. The crushing rollers are installed in the first housing, and the fine crushing disc assemblies are installed in the second housing. Each fine crushing disc assembly is arranged along the axial direction of the second housing. The fine crushing disc assembly includes a first fine crushing disc and a second fine crushing disc. Both the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc are coaxially arranged with the second housing. The size of the receiving port is less than or equal to the radius of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc. The driving mechanism is used to drive the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc to rotate in opposite directions. The opposite surfaces of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc in the same fine crushing disc assembly sequentially include an extrusion surface and a guiding surface along the radial direction outwards. The included angle between the generatrix of the extrusion surface and the axis of the corresponding conical surface of the rotating body is greater than the included angle between the generatrix of the guiding surface and the axis of the corresponding conical surface of the rotating body. The extrusion surface is evenly distributed with micro-protrusions, and multiple groups of circumferentially evenly distributed shear teeth are also arranged on the extrusion surface. A group of shear teeth includes a plurality of shear teeth arranged at intervals along an arc, and the protruding direction of the arc path of the shear teeth deviates from the rotation direction of the extrusion surface where it is located. The shear teeth of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc are arranged in a radial dislocation manner.

[0008] Through the above technical solution, the solid waste is put into the first housing through the feed inlet, and the crushing roller coarsely crushes the solid waste to form crushed material. The crushed material enters the second housing through the receiving port, and the crushed material slides between the extrusion surfaces of the first fine crushing disk and the second fine crushing disk under the guidance of the guiding surface. When the shear teeth rotating towards each other intersect, the crushed material is further finely crushed to produce finely crushed material, that is, the crushed material is sheared and finely crushed at the intersection of the shear teeth of the first fine crushing disk and the shear teeth of the second fine crushing disk (the intersection can be understood as the intersection between two arcs rotating towards each other with the same center of the circle). And because the shear teeth are arranged in an arc shape, and the protruding direction of the arc path deviates from the rotation direction of the extrusion surface where it is located, therefore, with the rotation, the intersection of the shear teeth of the first fine crushing disk and the shear teeth of the second fine crushing disk will move from the radially outer side to the inner side, that is, the area of the region surrounded by the shear teeth of the first fine crushing disk and the shear teeth of the second fine crushing disk gradually decreases, so as to continuously apply pressure to the finely crushed material within this surrounded region, forcing the finely crushed material to move along the moving direction of the intersection, that is, forcing the finely crushed material to move radially inwards. Therefore, during the movement of the finely crushed material, the finely crushed material continuously collides with the micro-protrusions on the extrusion surface, and the micro-protrusions on the extrusion surfaces rotating towards each other will grind the finely crushed material, further refining the particle size of the finely crushed material. And because the distance between adjacent extrusion surfaces gradually decreases radially inwards, that is, the distance between the micro-protrusions on adjacent extrusion surfaces gradually decreases, therefore, as the finely crushed material moves radially inwards, the micro-protrusions will gradually grind the finely crushed material, enabling excellent control over the particle size uniformity and particle size of the finely crushed material.

[0009] In summary, by setting the fine crushing disk assembly, the shear protrusions arranged in an arc shape, the extrusion surface and the micro-protrusions, the coarsely crushed material can be further finely crushed under the action of the shear teeth to produce finely crushed material. And, with the rotation, the intersection of the shear teeth of the first fine crushing disk and the shear teeth of the second fine crushing disk will move from the radially outer side to the inner side, and the area of the region surrounded by the shear teeth of the first fine crushing disk and the shear teeth of the second fine crushing disk gradually decreases, so as to continuously apply pressure to the finely crushed material within this surrounded region, forcing the finely crushed material to move radially inwards. And the micro-protrusions on the extrusion surfaces rotating towards each other will grind the finely crushed material, and as the finely crushed material moves radially inwards, the micro-protrusions will gradually grind the finely crushed material, enabling excellent control over the particle size uniformity and particle size of the finely crushed material; secondly, compared with the existing multi-stage crushing, the present application uses two crushing structures to excellently control the particle size uniformity and particle size with lower energy consumption.

[0010] Optionally, the sizes of the shear teeth in the same group of shear teeth gradually increase in the direction away from the axis of the extrusion surface, and the gaps between adjacent shear teeth in the same group of shear teeth gradually increase in the direction away from the axis of the extrusion surface.

[0011] Optionally, a semi-circular auxiliary strip is fixed to the inner wall of the second housing. The auxiliary strip is located between the guiding surfaces of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc. The cross-section of the auxiliary strip is triangular. The outer wall of the auxiliary strip is in fit with the guiding surface. The upper end of the auxiliary strip is located at the receiving port, and the lower end of the auxiliary strip is higher than the axis of the fine crushing disc assembly.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, by providing the auxiliary strip, it is convenient to guide the coarse crushed material to more accurately enter directly above the fine crushing disc assembly, so as to reduce the situation that the coarse crushed material directly falls out from the outer guiding surface.

[0013] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a first driving motor, a second driving motor, a transmission shaft, a worm and an annular worm wheel. The transmission shaft sequentially passes through the axes of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc. The transmission shaft is in rotational fit with the second housing. The first fine crushing disc is in anti-rotation fit with the transmission shaft. The first driving motor is used to drive the transmission shaft to rotate. The second fine crushing disc is in relative rotational fit with the transmission shaft. The worm wheel is sleeved and fixed on the outer diameter of the second fine crushing disc. The worm is in rotational fit with the second housing. The worm is located directly below the second fine crushing disc. The worm is engaged with the worm wheel. The second driving motor is used to drive the worm to rotate.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the first driving motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate, thereby driving the first fine crushing discs of each fine crushing disc assembly to rotate together. The second driving motor drives the second fine crushing disc to rotate through the worm and worm wheel cooperation, so as to realize the reverse rotation of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc.

[0015] Optionally, the transmission shaft is of a tubular structure. A key block is fixed at the axis of the first fine crushing disc. The transmission shaft is provided with an axially extending key groove. The inner diameter of the first fine crushing disc blocks the key groove. The key block is in sliding fit with the key groove. The second housing is fixed with a hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic direction of the hydraulic cylinder is the axial direction of the transmission shaft. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed with a moving shaft. The moving shaft is in axial sliding fit with the inner cavity of the transmission shaft. The moving shaft is fixed with two clamping pieces. The two clamping pieces respectively abut against both ends of the key block through planar thrust bearings.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, through the cooperation of the key block and the key groove, the torque transmission of the transmission shaft to the first fine crushing disc is realized, and at the same time, the first fine crushing disc is allowed to axially slide a short distance relative to the transmission shaft.

[0017] When the crushing process is intermittent feeding, the hydraulic cylinder drives the moving shaft to axially move. The clamping pieces of the moving shaft drive the key block and the first fine crushing disc to axially move relative to the transmission shaft, increasing the axial distance between the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc. That is, there is enough space to accommodate more coarse crushed materials at one time. After the coarse crushed materials intermittently enter the second housing from the first housing, the coarse crushed materials enter between the extrusion surfaces of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder drives the moving shaft to axially move again, reducing the axial distance between the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc. The extrusion surfaces of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc embrace the coarse crushed materials and apply axial pressure to the coarse crushed materials. Then, the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc rotate in opposite directions to shear and grind the coarse crushed materials. Under a certain axial pressure, the grinding effect on the fine crushed materials is better, and the particle size of the fine crushed materials is more uniform and finer.

[0018] Optionally, the shear convex teeth are cylindrical. The axis of the shear convex teeth is parallel to the axis of the fine crushing disc assembly. The shear convex teeth are rotationally matched with the extrusion surface. Both the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc have installation cavities. At the end of the shear convex teeth located in the installation cavity, a first gear is fixed. On the inner wall of the installation cavity, a second gear is provided. The first gears of adjacent two shear convex teeth are respectively meshed with the second gear. The first fine crushing disc is fixed with a first rotating sleeve. The first rotating sleeve extends into the installation cavity of the second fine crushing disc. At the end of the first rotating sleeve, a third gear is fixed. The third gear is meshed with the first gear in the installation cavity of the second fine crushing disc. The second fine crushing disc is fixed with a second rotating sleeve. The second rotating sleeve is sleeved outside the first rotating sleeve. The second rotating sleeve extends into the installation cavity of the first fine crushing disc. At the end of the second rotating sleeve, a fourth gear is fixed. The fourth gear is meshed with the first gear in the installation cavity of the first fine crushing disc. The rotation direction of the shear convex teeth of the first fine crushing disc and the rotation direction of the first fine crushing disc are both clockwise. The rotation direction of the shear convex teeth of the second fine crushing disc and the rotation direction of the second fine crushing disc are both counterclockwise. A plurality of shear protrusions are fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the shear convex teeth. The shear protrusions of the first fine crushing disc and the shear protrusions of the second fine crushing disc are axially staggered along the shear convex teeth. A plurality of rolling protrusions arranged at circumferential intervals are fixed on the end surface of the shear convex teeth.

[0019] With the above technical solution, when the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc rotate in opposite directions, the third gear of the first fine crushing disc drives the first gear in the second fine crushing disc to rotate, thereby driving the shear convex teeth of the second fine crushing disc to rotate counterclockwise (the second fine crushing disc rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the drive mechanism), and the fourth gear of the second fine crushing disc drives the first gear in the first fine crushing disc to rotate, thereby driving the shear convex teeth of the first fine crushing disc to rotate clockwise (the first fine crushing disc rotates clockwise under the drive of the drive mechanism). In this way, when the shear convex teeth of the first fine crushing disc and the shear convex teeth of the second fine crushing disc intersect, the shear protrusions on the shear convex teeth rotate accordingly, and the shearing effect on the coarse crushed material is stronger. Moreover, since the shear protrusions rotate in the same direction as the corresponding fine crushing disc, adjacent shear protrusions also play a role in squeezing and unidirectional conveying the coarse crushed material to reduce material jamming and ensure that the fine crushed material can smoothly break away from the surrounding circle of the shear convex teeth, thereby ensuring the discharging speed, grinding effect, and fine crushing efficiency.

[0020] Moreover, the rolling protrusions rotate with the shear convex teeth, and the rolling protrusions face the extrusion surface. Therefore, the rolling protrusions can also cooperate with the micro protrusions on the extrusion surface to further grind the fine crushed material, thereby improving the crushing effect.

[0021] Optionally, the shear protrusions are arranged at spiral intervals, and the shear protrusions of the rotating shear convex teeth are used to drive the fine crushed material to move along the direction close to the corresponding extrusion surface.

[0022] With the above technical solution, by arranging the shear protrusions in a spiral arrangement, the shear protrusions of the rotating shear convex teeth will drive the fine crushed material to move along the direction close to the corresponding extrusion surface, that is, apply an axial pressure to the fine crushed material to increase the grinding pressure between the fine crushed material and the micro protrusions on the extrusion surface, thereby improving the grinding effect.

[0023] This application provides a molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking and carbonization system, and specifically adopts the following technical solutions to achieve it:

[0024] A molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking and carbonization system sequentially includes a municipal hazardous solid waste crushing device, a sealed feeding device, and a heating and cracking device.

[0025] Optionally, the heating and cracking device includes a molten salt furnace, a molten salt pump, and a cracking container. The cracking container has a heat exchanger. The molten salt furnace heats the molten salt, and the molten salt pump pumps the molten salt into the heat exchanger.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0027] 1. By setting up the fine crushing disc assembly, shear protrusions arranged in an arc, extrusion surfaces, and micro protrusions, the coarse crushed materials can be further crushed under the action of the shear convex teeth to produce fine crushed materials. Moreover, as it rotates, the intersection point of the shear convex teeth of the first fine crushing disc and the shear convex teeth of the second fine crushing disc will move from the radially outer side to the inner side, and the area of the region enclosed by the shear convex teeth of the first fine crushing disc and the shear convex teeth of the second fine crushing disc gradually decreases, so as to continuously apply pressure to the fine crushed materials within this enclosed region, forcing the fine crushed materials to move radially inward. The micro protrusions on the opposite extrusion surfaces will grind the fine crushed materials, and as the fine crushed materials move radially inward, the micro protrusions will gradually grind the fine crushed materials, enabling excellent control over the particle size uniformity and particle size of the fine crushed materials. Secondly, compared with the existing multi-stage crushing, this application uses two crushing structures to excellently control the particle size uniformity and particle size with lower energy consumption.

[0028] 2. By setting up a hydraulic cylinder to drive the first fine crushing disc to move axially, the axial distance between the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc can be changed, facilitating the intake of more coarse crushed materials at one time, and facilitating the extrusion surfaces of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc to embrace the coarse crushed materials to apply axial pressure to the coarse crushed materials, which has a better grinding effect on the fine crushed materials, and the particle size of the fine crushed materials is more uniform and finer.

[0029] 3. By setting up rotatable shear convex teeth, shear protrusions, and rolling protrusions, the shearing effect on the coarse crushed materials is stronger. Moreover, since the shear protrusions rotate in the same direction as the corresponding fine crushing disc, adjacent shear protrusions also play a role in extruding and unidirectional conveying the coarse crushed materials, reducing material jamming and ensuring that the fine crushed materials can smoothly break away from the enclosed circle of the shear convex teeth, thereby ensuring the discharging speed, grinding effect, and fine crushing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking and carbonization system of Embodiment 1.

[0031] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the urban hazardous solid waste crushing device of Embodiment 1.

[0032] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A direction in

[0033] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a partial enlarged view at B in

[0034] Figure 5 is a change diagram for showing the change in the position of the shear convex teeth of the first fine crushing disc and the second fine crushing disc of Embodiment 1.

[0035] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the second housing of Embodiment 2.

[0036] Figure 7 is Figure 6 The partial enlarged view at position C in

[0037] Figure 8 is Figure 6 The partial enlarged view at position D in

[0038] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the fine crushing disc assembly of Embodiment 3.

[0039] Figure 10 is Figure 9 The partial enlarged view at position E in

[0040] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 for showing the mating position relationship between the first gear and the second gear of adjacent shear convex teeth.

[0041] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 for showing the rotation direction of the second fine crushing disc and the rotation direction of the shear convex teeth.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals: 100, urban hazardous and solid waste crushing device; 101, first housing; 102, second housing; 103, crushing roller; 104, feed inlet; 105, receiving port; 106, discharge port; 107, auxiliary strip; 10, installation cavity; 11, first fine crushing disc; 111, chute; 112, first main body; 113, first mating sleeve; 114, first rib; 12, second fine crushing disc; 121, extrusion surface; 122, guiding surface; 123, shear convex tooth; 1231, shear protrusion; 1232, rolling protrusion; 124, radial ball bearing; 125, shielding ring; 126, second main body; 127, second mating sleeve; 128, second rib; 200, sealed feeding device; 21, transmission shaft; 211, key block; 212, keyway; 213, moving shaft; 214, clip; 215, flat thrust bearing; 22, second drive motor; 23, worm; 25, worm gear; 300, heating and cracking device; 31, first rotating sleeve; 311, third gear; 32, second rotating sleeve; 321, fourth gear; 33, first gear; 34, second gear. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The following details the implementation manners of the present application, and examples of the implementation manners are shown in the attached Figures 1 - 12 drawings.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "certain embodiments", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Example 1 discloses a molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking and carbonization system. As Figure 1 shown, the molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking and carbonization system sequentially includes a municipal hazardous solid waste crushing device 100, a sealed feeding device 200, and a heating and cracking device 300. The municipal hazardous solid waste crushing device 100 is used to perform coarse crushing, fine crushing, and grinding on the solid waste in sequence. The sealed feeding device 200 is used to convey the crushed material into the heating and cracking device 300. The sealed feeding device 200 can adopt the sealed piston feeding system in the Chinese patent with the publication number CN116875338A to achieve anaerobic feeding, which will not be elaborated here. The heating and cracking device 300 is used to perform anaerobic heating and cracking treatment on the crushed material.

[0047] In this embodiment, the heating and cracking device 300 includes a molten salt furnace, a molten salt pump, and a cracking container (not shown in the figure). The cracking container has a heat exchanger. The molten salt furnace heats the molten salt, and the molten salt pump pumps the molten salt into the heat exchanger. The heat of the molten salt is transferred to the molten salt furnace through the heat exchanger to perform high-temperature heating on the crushed material.

[0048] It should be noted that the municipal hazardous solid waste crushing device 100 of this application is not only used for the pretreatment of anaerobic cracking, but can also be used for the crushing pretreatment in other solid waste treatment processes.

[0049] Such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, the urban hazardous and solid waste crushing device 100 includes a housing, a driving mechanism, two crushing rollers 103 and a plurality of fine crushing disc assemblies. The housing sequentially includes a square first housing 101 and a cylindrical second housing 102 from top to bottom. The axis of the second housing 102 is horizontally arranged, that is, the second housing 102 is horizontally arranged. The upper part of the first housing 101 has a feeding port 104. The lower part of the first housing 101 is communicated with the second housing 102 through a receiving port 105. The lower part of the second housing 102 has a discharging port 106. The crushing rollers 103 are installed in the first housing 101. The two crushing rollers 103 are horizontally arranged side by side. The fine crushing disc assemblies are installed in the second housing 102. The crushing rollers 103 are used for coarsely crushing solid waste to form coarsely crushed materials. The coarsely crushed materials enter the second housing 102 through the receiving port 105. The fine crushing disc assemblies are used for sequentially finely crushing and grinding the coarsely crushed materials to form finely crushed materials.

[0050] Each fine crushing disc assembly is arranged along the axial direction of the second housing 102. The fine crushing disc assembly includes a first fine crushing disc 11 and a second fine crushing disc 12. Both the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 are coaxially arranged with the second housing 102. Specifically, a transmission shaft 21 is coaxially arranged on the second housing 102. Both ends of the transmission shaft 21 pass through the side wall of the second housing 102. The transmission shaft 21 is rotationally matched with the second housing 102. The transmission shaft 21 passes through the axles of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12, so that the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 are respectively coaxially arranged with the second housing 102.

[0051] Moreover, the first fine crushing disc 11 is non-rotatably matched with the transmission shaft 21. This non-rotatable match can be a fixed match, such as a key connection between the first fine crushing disc 11 and the transmission shaft 21. The second fine crushing disc 12 is rotationally matched with the transmission shaft 21 through a radial ball bearing 124.

[0052] The driving mechanism is used to drive the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 to rotate in opposite directions. Specifically, the driving mechanism includes a first driving motor, a second driving motor 22, a worm 23 and an annular worm wheel 25. The first driving motor is installed outside the second housing 102 (not shown in the figure). The first driving motor is fixed to one end of the transmission shaft 21 through a coupling. The first driving motor is used to drive the transmission shaft 21 to rotate, thereby driving each first fine crushing disc 11 to rotate together. The worm wheel 25 is sleeved and fixed on the outer diameter of the second fine crushing disc 12. The worm 23 is rotationally matched with the second housing 102. The worm 23 is located directly below the second fine crushing disc 12. The worm 23 meshes with the worm wheel 25. The second driving motor 22 is installed outside the second housing 102. The second driving motor 22 is fixed to one end of the worm 23 through a coupling. The second driving motor 22 is used to drive the worm 23 to rotate, so as to drive the second fine crushing disc 12 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 in opposite directions.

[0053] The size of the receiving port 105 is less than or equal to the radii of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12, so as to ensure that the coarsely crushed material passing through the crushing roller 103 can enter directly above the fine crushing disc assembly more centrally from the receiving port 105 and feed more precisely.

[0054] Secondly, a semi-circular auxiliary strip 107 is fixed to the inner wall of the second housing 102. The cross-section of the auxiliary strip 107 is triangular. Two auxiliary strips 107 correspond to one fine crushing disc assembly. The auxiliary strip 107 is located between the guiding surfaces 122 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12. The outer wall of the auxiliary strip 107 is attached to the guiding surface 122. The upper end of the auxiliary strip 107 is located at the receiving port 105, and the lower end of the auxiliary strip 107 is higher than the axis of the fine crushing disc assembly. The auxiliary strip 107 facilitates guiding the coarsely crushed material to enter directly above the fine crushing disc assembly more accurately, so as to reduce the occurrence of the coarsely crushed material directly falling out from the outer guiding surface 122.

[0055] There is a gap between the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 of two adjacent fine crushing disc assemblies. To prevent the coarsely crushed material discharged from the receiving port 105 from entering this gap, as Figure 4 shown, a shielding ring 125 is fixed to the outer diameter of the second fine crushing disc 12. The shielding ring 125 extends along the axis of the second fine crushing disc 12. The shielding ring 125 shields the outer diameter of the adjacent first fine crushing disc 11 to play a role in shielding the gap.

[0056] The opposite surfaces of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 sequentially include an extrusion surface 121 and a guiding surface 122 along the radial outward direction. The included angle between the generatrix of the extrusion surface 121 and the axis of the corresponding conical surface of the rotating body is greater than the included angle between the generatrix of the guiding surface 122 and the axis of the corresponding conical surface of the rotating body. That is, along the radial outward direction, the axial distance between adjacent extrusion surfaces 121 gradually increases, and the axial distance between adjacent guiding surfaces 122 gradually increases.

[0057] As Figure 2 shown, the extrusion surface 121 is evenly distributed with micro-protrusions (not shown in the figure). The extrusion surface 121 is also fixed with multiple groups of circumferentially evenly distributed shear convex teeth 123. The shear convex teeth 123 can be cylindrical or square. One group of shear convex teeth 123 includes multiple shear convex teeth 123 arranged at intervals along an arc, and the protruding direction of the arc path of the shear convex teeth 123 deviates from the rotation direction of the extrusion surface 121 where it is located ( Figure 2 the arrow direction in the figure is the rotation direction of the second fine crushing disc 12), and the shear convex teeth 123 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 are arranged in a radial offset manner to prevent the shear convex teeth 123 from interfering and colliding when the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 rotate relative to each other.

[0058] Moreover, the sizes of the shearing teeth 123 in the same group of shearing teeth 123 gradually increase in the direction away from the axis of the extrusion surface 121, and the gaps between adjacent shearing teeth 123 in the same group of shearing teeth 123 gradually increase in the direction away from the axis of the extrusion surface 121.

[0059] The specific crushing steps are as follows: The solid waste is put into the first housing 101 through the feed inlet 104 (suitable for continuous feeding or intermittent feeding). The crushing roller 103 roughly crushes the solid waste to form coarse crushed materials. The coarse crushed materials enter the second housing 102 through the receiving port 105. The coarse crushed materials slide between the extrusion surface 121 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the extrusion surface 121 of the second fine crushing disc 12 under the guidance of the guiding surface 122 and the auxiliary strip 107. When the mutually rotating shearing teeth 123 intersect, the coarse crushed materials are further finely crushed to produce fine crushed materials, that is, the coarse crushed materials are sheared and finely crushed at the intersection points of the shearing teeth 123 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the shearing teeth 123 of the second fine crushing disc 12 (the intersection points can be understood as the intersection points between two arcs with the same center of the circle). And because the shearing teeth 123 are arranged in an arc shape, and the protruding direction of the arc path deviates from the rotation direction of the extrusion surface 121 where it is located, therefore, with the rotation, the intersection points of the shearing teeth 123 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the shearing teeth 123 of the second fine crushing disc 12 will move from the radially outer side to the inner side (the position change process of the intersection points can be referred to Figure 5 , where the solid arc and the solid arrow respectively represent the arc path of the shearing teeth 123 of the second fine crushing disc 12 and the rotation direction of the second fine crushing disc 12, and the dotted arc and the dotted arrow respectively represent the arc path of the shearing teeth 123 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the rotation direction of the first fine crushing disc 11), that is, the area of the region surrounded by the shearing teeth 123 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the shearing teeth 123 of the second fine crushing disc 12 gradually decreases, so as to continuously apply pressure to the fine crushed materials within the surrounded region, forcing the fine crushed materials to move along the moving direction of the intersection points, that is, forcing the fine crushed materials to move radially inwards. Therefore, during the movement of the fine crushed materials, the fine crushed materials continuously collide with the micro-protrusions on the extrusion surface 121, and the mutually rotating micro-protrusions on the extrusion surface 121 will grind the fine crushed materials, further refining the particle size of the fine crushed materials. And because the distance between adjacent extrusion surfaces 121 gradually decreases radially inwards, that is, the distance between the micro-protrusions on adjacent extrusion surfaces 121 gradually decreases, therefore, as the fine crushed materials move radially inwards, the micro-protrusions will gradually grind the fine crushed materials, so that the particle size uniformity and particle size of the fine crushed materials are extremely well controlled. Secondly, compared with the existing multi-stage crushing, the present application uses two crushing structures to extremely well control the particle size uniformity and particle size, and the energy consumption is relatively low.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that, as Figure 6 、 Figure 7As shown, the transmission shaft 21 is a tubular structure. At the center of the first fine crushing disc 11, there is a key block 211 fixed. There are multiple key blocks 211, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the transmission shaft 21. The transmission shaft 21 is provided with a key groove 212 extending axially. The key block 211 is in sliding fit with the key groove 212 to achieve the torque transmission from the transmission shaft 21 to the first fine crushing disc 11. At the same time, it also allows the first fine crushing disc 11 to axially slide a short distance relative to the transmission shaft 21. Moreover, the length of the key groove 212 is less than the width of the first fine crushing disc 11, so that the inner diameter of the first fine crushing disc 11 can block the key groove 212.

[0062] On the outside of the second housing 102, a hydraulic cylinder (not shown in the figure) is fixed. The telescopic direction of the hydraulic cylinder is the axial direction of the transmission shaft 21. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed with a moving shaft 213. The moving shaft 213 passes through the second housing 102. The moving shaft 213 is in axial sliding fit with the inner cavity of the transmission shaft 21. The moving shaft 213 is fixed with two annular clamping pieces 214. The two clamping pieces 214 respectively abut against the two axial ends of the key block 211 along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 21 through a flat thrust bearing 215.

[0063] Moreover, in order to ensure that after the first fine crushing disc 11 axially shifts, the gap between the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 of adjacent fine crushing disc assemblies can be stably blocked, as Figure 8 shown, an annular sliding groove 111 is provided at the outer diameter of the first fine crushing disc 11. The shielding ring 125 of the second fine crushing disc 12 is in sliding fit with the sliding groove 111.

[0064] When the crushing process is intermittent feeding, the hydraulic cylinder drives the moving shaft 213 to axially move. The clamping pieces 214 of the moving shaft 213 drive the key block 211 and the first fine crushing disc 11 to axially move relative to the transmission shaft 21, so that the axial distance between the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 increases, that is, there is enough space to accommodate more coarse crushing materials at one time. After the coarse crushing materials intermittently enter the second housing 102 from the first housing 101, the coarse crushing materials enter between the extrusion surfaces 121 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder drives the moving shaft 213 to axially move again, so that the axial distance between the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 decreases. The extrusion surfaces 121 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 embrace the coarse crushing materials and apply axial pressure to the coarse crushing materials. Then the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 rotate in opposite directions to shear and grind the coarse crushing materials. And under a certain axial pressure, the grinding effect on the fine crushing materials is better, and the particle size of the fine crushing materials is more uniform and finer.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that, as Figure 9 、 Figure 10As shown in the figure, both the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 have an installation cavity 10, that is, both the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 are of cavity structure. Specifically, the first fine crushing disc 11 includes a first main body 112 and a first fitting sleeve 113. The first main body 112 and the first fitting sleeve 113 are fixedly connected by a first rib 114. The extrusion surface 121, the shear convex teeth 123, and the guiding surface 122 are all arranged on the first main body 112. The first fitting sleeve 113 is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 21. The second fine crushing disc 12 includes a second main body 126 and a second fitting sleeve 127. The second main body 126 and the second fitting sleeve 127 are fixedly connected by a second rib 128. The extrusion surface 121, the shear convex teeth 123, and the guiding surface 122 are all arranged on the second main body 126. The second fitting sleeve 127 is rotatably sleeved on the transmission shaft 21.

[0067] As Figure 10 、 Figure 11 shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the shear convex teeth 123 are provided as cylindrical. The axis of the shear convex teeth 123 is parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft 21. The shear convex teeth 123 are rotatably matched with the corresponding first main body 112 or second main body 126. A first gear 33 is fixed to the end of the shear convex teeth 123 located in the installation cavity 10. A second gear 34 is provided on the inner wall of the installation cavity 10. The first gears 33 of adjacent two shear convex teeth 123 are respectively meshed with the second gear 34.

[0068] A plurality of shear protrusions 1231 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shear convex teeth 123. The shear protrusions 1231 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the shear protrusions 1231 of the second fine crushing disc 12 are arranged axially staggered along the shear convex teeth 123, that is, to ensure that when the shear convex teeth 123 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the shear convex teeth 123 of the second fine crushing disc 12 intersect, the shear convex teeth 123 thereon will not interfere and collide. Further, the arrangement of each shear protrusion 1231 can be further limited. In this embodiment, each shear protrusion 1231 is arranged in a spiral and spaced manner.

[0069] A plurality of rolling protrusions 1232 arranged at circumferential intervals are fixed to the end face of the shear convex teeth 123.

[0070] As Figure 10 、 Figure 12 shown in the figure, the first fitting sleeve 113 is fixed with a first rotating sleeve 31. The first rotating sleeve 31 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft 21. One end of the first rotating sleeve 31 extends into the installation cavity 10 of the second fine crushing disc 12. A third gear 311 is fixed to the end of the first rotating sleeve 31. The third gear 311 is meshed with the first gear 33 in the installation cavity 10 of the second fine crushing disc 12.

[0071] A second rotating sleeve 32 is fixed at the inner diameter of the second main body 126. The second rotating sleeve 32 is sleeved outside the first rotating sleeve 31. The second rotating sleeve 32 extends into the installation cavity 10 of the first fine crushing disc 11. A fourth gear 321 is fixed at the end of the second rotating sleeve 32. The fourth gear 321 meshes with the first gear 33 in the installation cavity 10 of the first fine crushing disc 11.

[0072] The rotation directions of the shear convex teeth 123 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the first fine crushing disc 11 are both clockwise. The rotation directions of the shear convex teeth 123 of the second fine crushing disc 12 and the second fine crushing disc 12 are both counterclockwise (the rotation directions of the shear convex teeth 123 of the second fine crushing disc 12 and the second fine crushing disc 12 are respectively shown by the arrow directions in Figure 12 ).

[0073] When the first fine crushing disc 11 and the second fine crushing disc 12 rotate in opposite directions, the third gear 311 of the first fine crushing disc 11 drives the first gear 33 in the second fine crushing disc 12 to rotate, thereby driving the shear convex teeth 123 of the second fine crushing disc 12 to rotate counterclockwise (the second fine crushing disc 12 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the drive mechanism), and the fourth gear 321 of the second fine crushing disc 12 drives the first gear 33 in the first fine crushing disc 11 to rotate, thereby driving the shear convex teeth 123 of the first fine crushing disc 11 to rotate clockwise (the first fine crushing disc 11 rotates clockwise under the drive of the drive mechanism). In this way, when the shear convex teeth 123 of the first fine crushing disc 11 and the shear convex teeth 123 of the second fine crushing disc 12 intersect, the shear protrusions 1231 on the shear convex teeth 123 rotate accordingly, and their shearing effect on the coarse crushed material is stronger. Moreover, since the shear protrusions 1231 rotate in the same direction as the corresponding fine crushing disc, the adjacent shear protrusions 1231 also play a role in squeezing and unidirectional conveying the coarse crushed material to reduce material jamming and ensure that the fine crushed material can smoothly break away from the surrounding circle of the shear convex teeth 123, thereby ensuring the discharging speed, grinding effect and fine crushing efficiency.

[0074] Moreover, the rolling protrusions 1232 rotate with the shear convex teeth 123, and the rolling protrusions 1232 face the extrusion surface 121. Therefore, the rolling protrusions 1232 can also cooperate with the micro protrusions on the extrusion surface 121 to further grind the fine crushed material, thereby improving the crushing effect.

[0075] Moreover, by arranging the shear protrusions 1231 in a spiral pattern, the shear protrusions 1231 of the rotating shear convex teeth 123 will drive the fine crushed material to move along the direction close to the corresponding extrusion surface 121, that is, apply an axial pressure to the fine crushed material to increase the grinding pressure between the fine crushed material and the micro protrusions on the extrusion surface 121, thereby improving the grinding effect.

[0076] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for crushing urban hazardous solid waste, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a driving mechanism, two crushing rollers (103) and a plurality of fine crushing disc assemblies, wherein the shell comprises a square first shell (101) and a cylindrical second shell (102) in order from top to bottom, the axis of the second shell (102) is arranged horizontally, the upper part of the first shell (101) is provided with a feed inlet (104), the lower part of the first shell (101) is connected to the second shell (102) through a socket (105), and the lower part of the second shell (102) is provided with a discharge port (106). The crushing roller (103) is mounted on the first shell (101), the crushing disc assembly is mounted on the second shell (102), each crushing disc assembly is arranged along the axial direction of the second shell (102), the crushing disc assembly comprises a first crushing disc (11) and a second crushing disc (12), the first crushing disc (11) and the second crushing disc (12) are both coaxially arranged with the second shell (102), and the size of the receiving interface (105) is less than or equal to that of the first crushing disc ( The driving mechanism is used to drive the first crushing disk (11) and the second crushing disk (12) to rotate in opposite directions. The opposing surfaces of the first crushing disk (11) and the second crushing disk (12) in the same crushing disk assembly include an extrusion surface (121) and a guide surface (122) in sequence along the radial direction outward. The included angle between the generatrix of the extrusion surface (121) and the axis of the corresponding conical rotating body is greater than the included angle between the generatrix of the guide surface (122) and the axis of the corresponding conical rotating body. The extrusion surface (121) is evenly distributed with micro-protrusions, and the extrusion surface (121) is also provided with a plurality of groups of circumferentially evenly distributed shearing convex teeth (123). A group of shearing convex teeth (123) includes a plurality of shearing convex teeth (123) arranged at intervals along an arc line, and the protruding direction of the arc path of the shearing convex teeth (123) deviates from the rotation direction of the extrusion surface (121) where it is located. The shearing convex teeth (123) of the first fine crushing disk (11) and the second fine crushing disk (12) are staggered in the radial direction.

2. The urban hazardous solid waste crushing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The size of each shearing convex tooth (123) of the same group of shearing convex teeth (123) gradually increases along the axial direction away from the extrusion surface (121), and the gap between adjacent shearing convex teeth (123) of the same group of shearing convex teeth (123) gradually increases along the axial direction away from the extrusion surface (121).

3. The urban hazardous solid waste crushing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A semi-arc-shaped auxiliary strip (107) is fixed to the inner wall of the second shell (102); the auxiliary strip (107) is located between the guide surface (122) of the first fine crushing disk (11) and the guide surface (122) of the second fine crushing disk (12); the cross section of the auxiliary strip (107) is triangular; the outer wall of the auxiliary strip (107) is in contact with the guide surface (122); the upper end of the auxiliary strip (107) is located at the receiving interface (105); and the lower end of the auxiliary strip (107) is higher than the axis of the fine crushing disk assembly.

4. The urban hazardous solid waste crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a first driving motor, a second driving motor (22), a transmission shaft (21), a worm (23) and an annular worm wheel (25); the transmission shaft (21) passes through the axes of the first fine crushing disc (11) and the second fine crushing disc (12) in sequence; the transmission shaft (21) is rotationally matched with the second housing (102); the first fine crushing disc (11) and the transmission shaft (21) are rotationally fixed; the first driving motor is used to drive the transmission shaft (21) to rotate; the second fine crushing disc (12) and the transmission shaft (21) are relatively rotationally matched; the worm wheel (25) is sleeved and fixed at the outer diameter of the second fine crushing disc (12); the worm (23) is rotationally matched with the second housing (102); the worm (23) is located directly below the second fine crushing disc (12); the worm (23) is meshed with the worm wheel (25); and the second driving motor (22) is used to drive the worm (23) to rotate.

5. The urban hazardous solid waste crushing device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The transmission shaft (21) is a tubular structure. A key block (211) is fixed at the axis of the first crushing disk (11). A key slot (212) extending in the axial direction is provided through the transmission shaft (21). The inner diameter of the first crushing disk (11) blocks the key slot (212). The key block (211) and the key slot (212) are slidably matched. The second housing (102) is fixed with a hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic direction of the hydraulic cylinder is the axial direction of the transmission shaft (21). A movable shaft (213) is fixed at the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder. The movable shaft (213) and the inner cavity of the transmission shaft (21) are axially slidably matched. Two clips (214) are fixed to the movable shaft (213). The two clips (214) are respectively abutted against two ends of the key block (211) through planar thrust bearings (215).

6. The urban hazardous solid waste crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The shearing protrusion (123) is set to be cylindrical, the axis of the shearing protrusion (123) is parallel to the axis of the fine crushing disk assembly, the shearing protrusion (123) is rotatably matched with the extrusion surface (121), the first fine crushing disk (11) and the second fine crushing disk (12) both have a mounting cavity (10), a first gear (33) is fixed to the end of the shearing protrusion (123) located in the mounting cavity (10), a second gear (34) is provided on the inner wall of the mounting cavity (10), and two adjacent shearing protrusions ( The first gears (33) of the first and second gears (34) of the first and second crushing discs (12) are respectively meshed with the second gears (34); the first crushing disc (11) is fixed with a first rotating sleeve (31), the first rotating sleeve (31) extends into the mounting cavity (10) of the second crushing disc (12), a third gear (311) is fixed to the end of the first rotating sleeve (31), the third gear (311) is meshed with the first gear (33) in the mounting cavity (10) of the second crushing disc (12), and the second crushing disc (12) is fixed with a second rotating sleeve (32 ), the second rotating sleeve (32) is sleeved on the outside of the first rotating sleeve (31), the second rotating sleeve (32) extends into the installation cavity (10) of the first fine crushing disk (11), a fourth gear (321) is fixed to the end of the second rotating sleeve (32), and the fourth gear (321) is meshed with the first gear (33) in the installation cavity (10) of the first fine crushing disk (11); the shearing protruding teeth (123) of the first fine crushing disk (11) and the first fine crushing disk (11) are both turned clockwise, The shearing protrusion (123) of the second fine crushing disk (12) and the second fine crushing disk (12) both turn counterclockwise; a plurality of shearing protrusions (1231) are fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the shearing protrusion (123); the shearing protrusion (1231) of the first fine crushing disk (11) and the shearing protrusion (1231) of the second fine crushing disk (12) are axially staggered along the shearing protrusion (123); and a plurality of circumferentially spaced rolling protrusions (1232) are fixed on the end surface of the shearing protrusion (123).

7. The urban hazardous solid waste crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shearing protrusions (1231) are arranged in a spiral arrangement at intervals, and the shearing protrusions (1231) of the rotating shearing teeth (123) are used to drive the finely divided materials to move in a direction close to the corresponding extrusion surface (121).

8. A molten salt heating type oxygen-free cracking carbonization system, characterized in that: It comprises in sequence the urban hazardous solid waste crushing device (100) as claimed in claim 1, a sealed feeding device (200) and a heating cracking device (300).

9. The molten salt heating type anaerobic cracking carbonization system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heating cracking device (300) comprises a molten salt furnace, a molten salt pump and a cracking container, wherein the cracking container has a heat exchanger, the molten salt furnace heats the molten salt, and the molten salt pump pumps the molten salt into the heat exchanger.

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