Dual-layer identification mechanism, sorting equipment and material identification and sorting method

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the field of ore sorting technology, specifically to a dual-layer identification mechanism, sorting equipment, and material identification and sorting method. The dual-layer identification mechanism includes: a cyclone separator unit, a first material discharge channel, a second material discharge channel, and an identification unit. The cyclone separator unit has a first opening at the top and a second opening at the bottom. The cyclone separator unit rotates or vibrates to cause the first coarse-screened material to fall from the first opening into the first material discharge channel, and causes the second coarse-screened material to fall from the second opening into the second material discharge channel. The identification unit includes: a first identification unit and a second identification unit. The dual-layer identification mechanism enables two-stage sorting of materials, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of material sorting, effectively reducing the identification and sorting error of falling materials, and improving the accuracy of material identification and sorting. Simultaneously, it allows for a more compact structure of the dual-layer identification mechanism, saving space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ore sorting technology, specifically to a dual-layer identification mechanism, sorting equipment, and material identification and sorting method. Background Technology

[0002] Coal, spodumene, and silica are widely used in current industrial production. However, ores such as coal, spodumene, and silica typically contain large amounts of gangue and impurities after mining, requiring sorting to improve ore quality, reduce transportation costs, and mitigate environmental pollution. Ore sorting equipment has become widely used to meet this need. Under the premise of resource conservation and environmental protection, the efficient and clean utilization of mineral resources has become a key issue for the survival and development of related enterprises in my country. Achieving green and efficient mining and sorting technologies for ores such as coal has become a new requirement of the times. However, existing ore sorting equipment still faces certain technical bottlenecks. Current sorting equipment occupies a large area, and the movement of materials during the sorting process leads to low sorting efficiency and accuracy, failing to meet the requirements for high-efficiency ore sorting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure provides a dual-layer identification mechanism applied to a sorting device, comprising: a cyclone sorting unit with a first opening at the top and a second opening at the bottom, wherein the cyclone sorting unit rotates to cause a first coarse screen material to fall through the first opening and a second coarse screen material to fall through the second opening, wherein the weight of the first coarse screen material is less than that of the second coarse screen material; a first discharge channel, annular in shape, disposed on the outer periphery of the cyclone sorting unit, for receiving and discharging the first coarse screen material; a second discharge channel, annular in shape, disposed below the cyclone sorting unit, for receiving and discharging the second coarse screen material; and an identification unit comprising: a first identification unit disposed downstream of the first discharge channel, for identifying the first coarse screen material falling through the first discharge channel; and a second identification unit disposed downstream of the second discharge channel, for identifying the second coarse screen material falling through the second discharge channel.

[0004] In some embodiments, the second identification unit includes: a plurality of second cameras arranged in a ring, for acquiring images of the second coarse screen material to identify the second coarse screen material.

[0005] In some embodiments, the focal length of the second camera is determined based on the distance between the second camera and the falling position of the second coarse screen material.

[0006] In some embodiments, the identification unit includes: a radiation detector for emitting radiation to irradiate the first coarse screen material; the first identification unit includes: a radiation receiver for receiving radiation emitted by the radiation detector to identify the first coarse screen material.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first identification unit further includes: a plurality of first cameras arranged in a ring and located downstream of the first material discharge channel, for acquiring images of the first coarse screen material to identify the first coarse screen material.

[0008] In some embodiments, the identification unit further includes a light source for emitting light toward the first coarse screen material and / or the second coarse screen material.

[0009] In some embodiments, the identification unit further includes: a semi-reflective lens disposed in the optical path of the light source, through which the light is reflected to form a first path, and the light passes through the semi-reflective lens to form a second path; wherein the light irradiates the first coarse screen material falling from the first material discharge channel along the first path, and the light irradiates the second coarse screen material falling from the second material discharge channel along the second path.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second camera is located below the outer periphery of the second material discharge channel, and the downward extension length of the inner wall of the second material discharge channel is greater than the downward extension length of the outer wall of the second material discharge channel; or, the second camera is located below the inner periphery of the second material discharge channel, and the downward extension length of the outer wall of the second material discharge channel is greater than the downward extension length of the inner wall of the second material discharge channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the identification unit includes: a radiation optical machine for emitting radiation to irradiate the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material; the first identification unit includes a first annular receiver for receiving the radiation emitted by the radiation optical machine to identify the first coarse screen material; and the second identification unit includes a second annular receiver for receiving the radiation emitted by the radiation optical machine to identify the second coarse screen material.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first material discharge channel includes a deceleration unit for reducing the falling speed of the first coarse screen material within the first material discharge channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner apex of the second discharge channel is provided with a conical ramp to disperse the second coarse screen material falling from the second opening to different positions in the second discharge channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cyclone separation unit includes: an inner housing, which is a motion mechanism equipped with gears and mating bearing seats, for rotating through gear meshing to screen the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material; and an outer housing, disposed outside the inner housing, which is a fixed component, and the outer housing is equipped with a motor to drive the inner housing to rotate or vibrate.

[0015] Secondly, this disclosure also provides a sorting device, comprising: a dual-layer identification mechanism as described in the first aspect; a sorting mechanism, comprising: a first sorting unit for sorting the first coarse screen material according to the identification result of the dual-layer identification mechanism; a second sorting unit for sorting the second coarse screen material according to the identification result of the dual-layer identification mechanism; and a receiving mechanism for receiving the sorted material.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first sorting unit includes a first annular nozzle; the second sorting unit includes a pusher assembly or a second annular nozzle.

[0017] In some embodiments, the receiving mechanism includes: a first receiving unit, which is annular and disposed below the first discharge channel, for receiving the first coarse screened material after sorting; the inner ring of the first receiving unit is used to receive the first material sorted by the first sorting unit, and the outer ring of the first receiving unit is used to receive the second material not sorted by the first sorting unit; a second receiving unit, which is annular and disposed below the second discharge channel, for receiving the first coarse screened material after sorting; the inner ring of the second receiving unit is used to receive the first material not sorted by the second sorting unit, and the outer ring of the second receiving unit is used to receive the second material sorted by the second sorting unit; a first receiving bin, for receiving the first material collected by the inner ring of the first receiving unit and the inner ring of the second receiving unit; and a second receiving bin, for receiving the second material collected by the outer ring of the first receiving unit and the outer ring of the second receiving unit.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first sorting unit is disposed on the lower outer periphery of the first material discharge channel, and the second sorting unit is disposed on the lower inner periphery of the second material discharge channel; the first sorting unit is used to sort the first coarse screen material from the outside to the inside, and the height of the inner wall of the inner ring of the first receiving unit is greater than the height of the outer wall of the outer ring of the first receiving unit; the second sorting unit is used to sort the second coarse screen material from the inside to the outside, and the height of the outer wall of the outer ring of the second receiving unit is greater than the height of the inner wall of the inner ring of the second receiving unit.

[0019] Thirdly, this disclosure also provides a material identification and sorting method applied to the dual-layer identification mechanism as described in the first aspect. The material identification and sorting method includes: screening the material into a first coarse screen material and a second coarse screen material through the cyclone separation unit; and identifying the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material respectively through the identification unit to determine the categories of the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material.

[0020] In some embodiments, the radiation receiver includes: a first annular receiver with a first receiving end on the outer periphery, for receiving radiation emitted by the radiation optical machine to detect the first coarse screen material;

[0021] In some embodiments, the material identification and sorting method further includes: determining the rotational speed or vibration frequency of the cyclone separator based on the quantity and / or size of the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material.

[0022] In some embodiments, determining the rotational speed or vibration frequency of the cyclone separator based on the quantity and size of the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material includes: if the quantity of the first coarse screen material is greater than a first quantity threshold, and / or the size of the first coarse screen material is greater than a first size threshold, then the rotational speed or vibration frequency of the cyclone separator is reduced; and / or if the quantity of the second coarse screen material is greater than a second quantity threshold, and / or the size of the second coarse screen material is greater than a second size threshold, then the rotational speed or vibration frequency of the cyclone separator is increased.

[0023] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0024] The dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this embodiment can screen materials by weight using a cyclone separator, achieving first-stage screening by separating the materials into lighter first-screen materials and heavier second-screen materials. The identification unit then identifies these materials separately, improving sorting efficiency. Simultaneously, the first and second-screen materials are categorized for subsequent sorting, enabling two-stage material sorting and effectively improving both efficiency and accuracy. By setting up first and second feeding channels, material scattering during descent is prevented, effectively limiting the feeding trajectory and reducing identification and sorting errors, thus improving accuracy. The circumferential feeding structure of the dual-layer identification mechanism, along with the integration of the cyclone separator and the identification unit, makes the mechanism more compact, reducing floor space and saving space. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The invention can be better understood by describing exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a two-layer identification mechanism structure shown according to an exemplary embodiment of a publication;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a swirl sorting unit structure shown according to an exemplary embodiment of a published document;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a ray identification mechanism structure shown according to an exemplary embodiment disclosed in a publication;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a two-layer identification mechanism structure shown according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of a ray identification mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment disclosed in a book;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of a ray identification mechanism shown according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sorting device according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sorting mechanism and receiving mechanism structure shown according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a two-layer identification mechanism structure shown according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a two-layer identification mechanism structure shown according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating a material identification and sorting method according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating a material identification and sorting method according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating a material identification and sorting method according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a flowchart illustrating a material identification and sorting method according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating a material identification and sorting method according to another exemplary embodiment disclosed. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, in order to provide a concise description, this specification cannot exhaustively describe all features of the actual embodiments. It should be understood that, in the actual implementation of any embodiment, just as in any engineering or design project, various specific decisions are often made to achieve the developer's specific goals and to meet system-related or business-related constraints, and this can change from one embodiment to another. Furthermore, it is understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this invention, some design, manufacturing, or production modifications based on the technical content disclosed herein are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as insufficient content of this disclosure.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the claims and description shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the patent application description and claims of this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. The terms "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising" or "including" and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding "comprising" or "including" encompasses the element or object listed following "comprising" or "including" and its equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connected" or "linked" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, nor are they limited to direct or indirect connections.

[0043] In some current technologies, sorting equipment includes a feeding mechanism, an identification mechanism, a separation mechanism, and a receiving mechanism. The feeding mechanism conveys materials to the identification mechanism via a conveyor belt or similar structure. The identification mechanism identifies the type of material. The separation mechanism performs separation operations based on the material type, separating different types of materials. Finally, the receiving mechanism collects the different types of materials, thus completing the material sorting process. Specifically, the material can be a mixture of coal and gangue, etc. Therefore, the sorting equipment can separate coal from gangue, thereby achieving ore sorting and extracting coal from the ore. However, current sorting equipment requires separate independent devices for identification, separation, and receiving operations. Sorting equipment integrating multiple devices has a large footprint and poor integration, making it difficult to install and assemble in mines. Current sorting equipment employs a circular free-fall structure, allowing for a relatively compact arrangement of feeding, identification, and separation equipment. However, due to this structure, the material's trajectory is not entirely free fall; it scatters during descent, resulting in a wider trajectory range and thus greater sorting errors. Furthermore, the use of a single-stage sorting system in current equipment leads to low sorting efficiency, hindering the achievement of green and efficient coal sorting goals.

[0044] To solve the above technical problems, such as Figure 1 As shown, this disclosure provides a dual-layer identification mechanism for use in a sorting device, including: a cyclone sorting unit 110, a first discharge channel 120, a second discharge channel 130, and an identification unit 140.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the cyclone separator 110 has a first opening 111 at the top and a second opening 112 at the bottom. The cyclone separator 110 rotates to allow lighter materials (first coarse screen material) to fall through the first opening 111 and heavier materials (second coarse screen material) to fall through the second opening 112. The cyclone separator 110 can be a cyclone separator, capable of separating lighter and heavier materials through its own rotation, with the materials output from different outlets of the cyclone separator, thus performing initial screening based on weight. The cyclone separator 110 may have a first opening 111 at the top and a second opening 112 at the bottom to allow materials of different weights to fall from different positions, achieving coarse screening by weight. The cyclone separator 110 may include a motor, an outer housing 113 fixed to a support, and an inner housing 114 driven to rotate by the motor. Both the inner shell 114 and the outer shell 113 can be frustoconical shells. The top of both shells has a first opening 111, and the bottom has a second opening 112. A protrusion can be provided on the edge of the second opening 112 at the bottom of the outer shell 113 to facilitate the assembly of bearings. A motor can be positioned between the outer shell 113 and the inner shell 114 to provide power for the rotation of the inner shell 114. Material can enter the cyclone separator 110 through the edge of the first opening 111. When the cyclone separator 110 is operating, the outer shell 113 remains stationary, while the inner shell 114 rotates driven by the motor. Under the rotation of the inner shell 114, the lighter coarse screened material will rise along the inner wall of the inner shell 114. Finally, under the action of centrifugal force, the coarse screened material flies out through the first opening 111 and enters the first discharge channel 120, falling along the first discharge channel 120. During the rotation of the inner shell 114, the heavier second coarse screen material accumulates at the bottom of the inner shell 114, colliding with each other. Ultimately, the second coarse screen material falls through the second opening 112 at the bottom of the inner shell 114, entering the second discharge channel 130 and falling along it. Through the rotation of the cyclone separator 110, materials can be screened into lighter first coarse screen material and heavier second coarse screen material based on weight. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the cyclone separator 110 separates different materials by weight, achieving coarse screening. This allows the material to be divided into two streams, falling through different channels, facilitating subsequent secondary identification and sorting of both streams, thus improving sorting efficiency.

[0046] The first material discharge channel 120, in an annular shape, is located on the outer periphery of the cyclone separator 110 and is used to receive the first coarse-screened material. The first material discharge channel 120 can be entirely annular, and its inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the cyclone separator 110. The cyclone separator 110 can be concentrically arranged with the first material discharge channel 120. The first material discharge channel 120 can be vertically arranged, with its top used to receive the first coarse-screened material ejected from the first opening 111. The top of the side wall of the first material discharge channel 120 near the cyclone separator 110 can be inclined towards the cyclone separator 110 to facilitate the receipt of the first coarse-screened material and prevent it from falling through the gap between the first material discharge channel 120 and the cyclone separator 110. The two side walls of the first material discharge channel 120 can be flexible rubber curtains to avoid damage caused by the collision between the first coarse screen material and the side walls of the first material discharge channel 120, and to drive the first coarse screen material to fall in a free fall state.

[0047] The second material discharge channel 130, in an annular shape, is located below the cyclone separator 110 and is used to receive the second coarse-screened material. The second material discharge channel 130 can be annular, located below the cyclone separator 110, and coaxially arranged with it. The top of the second material discharge channel 130 can be used to receive the second coarse-screened material falling from the second opening 112. The outer ring diameter of the second material discharge channel 130 can be larger than the diameter of the cyclone separator 110, so that all the second coarse-screened material can enter the second material discharge channel 130. The top of the outer wall of the second material discharge channel 130 can extend outward in a funnel shape to receive all the second coarse-screened material and prevent it from falling outside the second material discharge channel 130. The two side walls of the second material discharge channel 130 can also be flexible rubber curtains to avoid damage caused by collision between the second coarse-screened material and the side walls of the second material discharge channel 130, and to drive the second coarse-screened material to fall in free fall.

[0048] The identification unit 140 may include a first identification unit and a second identification unit.

[0049] A first identification unit, located downstream of the first material discharge channel 120, is used to identify the first coarse screened material falling from the first material discharge channel 120. Since the first material discharge channel 120 can be annular, the first identification unit can also be annular, allowing it to identify the first coarse screened material falling along the annular channel 120 and effectively preventing omissions during the identification process. The first identification unit can be located downstream of the first material discharge channel 120, specifically below its outer periphery. As the material falls along the channel, it passes inside the identification unit, enabling it to identify the first coarse screened material falling from its inner side. Alternatively, the first identification unit can be located below its inner periphery. As the material falls along the channel, it passes outside the identification unit, allowing it to identify the first coarse screened material falling from its outer side.

[0050] The second identification unit, located downstream of the second material discharge channel 130, is used to identify the second coarse screen material falling from the second material discharge channel 130. Since the second material discharge channel 130 can be annular, the material falling along it forms the second identification unit, allowing it to identify the second coarse screen material falling along the annular channel 130 and effectively preventing omissions during the identification process. The second identification unit can be located downstream of the second material discharge channel 130, below its outer periphery. As the material falls along the channel, it passes inside the identification unit, enabling it to identify the second coarse screen material falling from its inner side. Alternatively, the second identification unit can be located below its inner periphery. As the material falls along the channel, it passes outside the identification unit, allowing it to identify the second coarse screen material falling from its outer side. The dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this disclosure firstly coarsely screens the materials by weight using a cyclone separator 110, allowing the first and second coarsely screened materials to enter independent discharge channels, thus achieving primary sorting. The first coarsely screened material is lighter, while the second coarsely screened material is heavier. By separating the materials by weight using the cyclone separator 110, materials of different weights can be classified first, facilitating the subsequent identification and sorting operations by employing different identification and sorting methods based on the weight range, thereby improving the adaptability and accuracy of material sorting. A secondary identification is then performed by the identification unit 140 on the first and second coarsely screened materials, achieving secondary sorting and effectively improving sorting efficiency and accuracy while reducing sorting errors. The cyclone separator 110 performs initial separation of materials, allowing the first and second coarse screen materials to fall along their respective independent first and second discharge channels 120 and 130. The first identification unit of the identification unit 140 identifies the first coarse screen material, and the second identification unit identifies the second coarse screen material, determining their respective categories. The cyclone separator 110 effectively improves material sorting efficiency. It enables parallel identification and sorting of multiple groups of materials, identifying more materials within the same time frame, thus significantly improving sorting efficiency and achieving the goal of high-efficiency sorting. The dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this disclosure, through the combination of the cyclone separator 110 and the identification unit 140, achieves higher integration. The circumferential discharge structure makes the dual-layer identification mechanism more compact, reducing the floor space required and facilitating installation and assembly in mining areas, effectively improving the adaptability of the sorting equipment.Furthermore, by setting up the first material drop channel 120 and the second material drop channel 130, the trajectory of the falling material can be effectively limited, making the falling trajectory closer to free fall. This results in a more concentrated falling trajectory, facilitating the subsequent sorting mechanism 210 to sort the material and effectively preventing the material from scattering during the fall, which could lead to subsequent sorting errors. The dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this embodiment effectively reduces sorting errors and improves sorting accuracy. The identification unit 140 in this embodiment, with its annular arrangement of the first and second identification units, ensures more uniform radiation irradiation, improving the stability and accuracy of material detection and sorting. The dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this embodiment significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of material sorting, while optimizing equipment layout and reducing floor space. This makes the material sorting process, especially in ore sorting such as coal gangue sorting, more environmentally friendly and efficient.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9As shown, the second identification unit may include multiple second cameras 1452 arranged in a ring for capturing images of the second coarse-screened material to identify it. Each second camera 1452 may be a color sorting camera, capable of identifying the second coarse-screened material by capturing color-sorted images of it, thereby determining its category. The second identification unit may include multiple second cameras 1452. The second cameras 1452 may be arranged in a ring below the inner periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, allowing them to capture images of the second coarse-screened material passing through their outer periphery from the inside out. This arrangement effectively saves space, making the structure of the double-layer identification mechanism more compact and reducing its footprint. Alternatively, the second cameras 1452 may be arranged in a ring below the outer periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, capturing images of the second coarse-screened material passing through its inner periphery from the outside in. This configuration ensures that the second camera 1452 only captures images of the second coarse screen material, preventing it from capturing images of the first coarse screen material falling from its outer periphery. This reduces the impact of the first coarse screen material on the second camera 1452's recognition results, improving the accuracy of the second camera 1452's recognition of the second coarse screen material. According to the dual-layer recognition mechanism provided in this embodiment, multiple second cameras 1452 can achieve accurate recognition of the second coarse screen material. The ring-shaped arrangement of multiple second cameras 1452 allows for comprehensive acquisition of image information of all the second coarse screen material falling from the second material discharge channel 130 from multiple angles, improving the ability to capture material features and thus enhancing the accuracy of material recognition. When the second camera 1452 is positioned below the inner periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, its inward-facing shooting method effectively reduces the equipment size, making the entire dual-layer recognition mechanism more compact, improving space utilization, and further reducing the size of the material sorting equipment, effectively saving space. If the second camera 1452 is positioned below the outer periphery of the second material feeding channel 130, its inward-facing shooting method can avoid capturing the first coarse screen material, effectively reducing interference and thus improving the accuracy of the second camera 1452 in identifying the second coarse screen material. This improves the sorting accuracy and efficiency of the dual-layer identification mechanism.

[0052] In some embodiments, the focal length of the second camera 1452 is determined based on the distance between the second camera 1452 and the falling position of the second coarse screen material. When the second camera 1452 is arranged in a ring below the outer periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, since the second material discharge channel 130 is ring-shaped, multiple second cameras 1452 are correspondingly arranged in a ring, and each second camera 1452 identifies the second coarse screen material falling in its corresponding inner area. When the second camera 1452 captures an image of the second coarse screen material falling past its inner side, the captured image may include another portion of the second coarse screen material on the opposite side, resulting in a large amount of second coarse screen material in the image captured by the second camera 1452, affecting recognition efficiency. Therefore, the focal length of the second camera 1452 can be determined based on the distance between the second camera 1452 and the second coarse screen material to be photographed, so that the focus of the second camera 1452 falls on the falling second coarse screen material, thereby making the second camera 1452 capture the corresponding second coarse screen material more clearly and improving the accuracy of the second camera 1452 in recognizing the second coarse screen material. However, the image of the second portion of the coarse screened material falling from the opposite side, captured by the second camera 1452, is relatively blurry. Therefore, the second camera 1452 can choose not to identify this portion of the coarse screened material, reducing its impact and thus saving computing power, improving the recognition efficiency and accuracy of the second camera 1452. When the second camera 1452 is arranged in a ring shape below the inner periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, when the second camera 1452 captures images of the second coarse screened material falling past its outer side, the first coarse screened material falling from the first material discharge channel 120 located on the outer periphery of the cyclone separation unit can also pass past the outer side of the second camera 1452. This results in the image captured by the second camera 1452 still containing some of the first coarse screened material, affecting recognition efficiency and accuracy. Therefore, the focal length of the second camera 1452 can be determined based on the distance between the second camera 1452 and the second coarse screened material to be photographed, thereby making the image of the corresponding second coarse screened material clearer and improving the recognition accuracy of the second camera 1452. Regarding the first coarse-screened material captured by the second camera 1452, due to its distance from the camera, the material in the image captured by the second camera 1452 is relatively blurry. Therefore, in the process of identifying and classifying the material in the image captured by the second camera 1452, the blurry first coarse-screened material is not identified; only the second coarse-screened material in the image is identified and classified. This improves the identification efficiency of the second camera 1452 for the second coarse-screened material. Simultaneously, adjusting the focal length of the second camera 1452 makes the image of the second coarse-screened material clearer, making its features more prominent, effectively improving the identification accuracy of the second coarse-screened material, thereby improving the sorting accuracy of the subsequent sorting of the second coarse-screened material by the sorting equipment.

[0053] In some embodiments, the identification unit 140 includes a ray beam machine 141 for emitting rays to irradiate the first coarse-screened material. The ray beam machine 141 is used to emit rays. The ray beam machine 141 can be disposed below the periphery of the first material discharge channel 120. A single ray beam machine 141 can be disposed such that its ray emission direction is directed downwards towards the first material discharge channel 120 and the second material discharge channel 130, so that the area covered by the rays emitted by the ray beam machine 141 can include a portion of the falling trajectory of the first coarse-screened material, thereby facilitating identification of the first coarse-screened material by the identification unit 140.

[0054] The first identification unit includes a radiation receiver 142 for receiving radiation emitted by a radiation optical machine to identify the first coarse screen material. The radiation receiver 142 also receives radiation emitted by the radiation optical machine 141 to detect the first coarse screen material falling from the first material discharge channel 120. The radiation receiver 142 can receive radiation to determine the type of the first coarse screen material swept by the radiation based on the acquired radiation information. The radiation receiver 142 can be ring-shaped to determine the type of the first coarse screen material falling from its periphery based on the received radiation information. According to the dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this embodiment, the radiation optical machine emits radiation to irradiate the first coarse screen material, and the radiation is received by the radiation receiver, accurately acquiring its radiation imaging information. This allows the radiation receiver to obtain a more complete and clear radiation image, resulting in higher identification accuracy.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the first identification unit may further include: a plurality of first cameras 1451 arranged in a ring downstream of the first material discharge channel 120, used to acquire images of the first coarse screened material to identify the first coarse screened material. The first cameras 1451 may be color sorting cameras, capable of identifying the first coarse screened material by capturing color-sorted images of it, thereby determining the category of the first coarse screened material. The first identification unit may include a plurality of first cameras 1451. The first cameras 1451 may also be arranged in a ring below the outer periphery of the first material discharge channel 120, thereby capturing images of the first coarse screened material passing through its inner side from the outside in. Alternatively, the first cameras 1451 may be arranged in a ring below the inner periphery of the first material discharge channel 120, allowing the first cameras 1451 to capture images of the first coarse screened material passing through its outer side from the inside out. This arrangement effectively saves space, making the structure of the double-layer identification mechanism more compact and reducing the floor space required. Furthermore, since the second coarse screen material falls from the inside of the first camera 1451, this setting allows the first camera 1451 to capture only the image of the first coarse screen material without being affected by the second coarse screen material, which can effectively improve the accuracy of the first camera 1451 in recognizing the first coarse screen material.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, the identification unit 140 further includes a light source 146, which emits light toward the first coarse screen material and / or the second coarse screen material. When the second identification unit includes multiple second cameras 1452, the second identification unit identifies the second coarse screen material by acquiring a color-sorted image of the corresponding material. During the acquisition and identification process of the second coarse screen material image by the second camera 1452, the dim lighting may cause the image of the second coarse screen material acquired by the second camera 1452 to be unclear or have indistinct features. Therefore, the light source 146 can be configured to emit light toward the second coarse screen material falling from the second material discharge channel 130, thereby illuminating the material and providing illumination for the target image captured by the second camera 1452. This makes the image of the second coarse screen material captured by the second camera 1452 clearer, and the features captured in the image more obvious, thereby improving the accuracy of the second camera 1452 in identifying the second coarse screen material. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first identification unit includes multiple first cameras 1451, and an additional light source 146 can be set towards the first coarse screen material falling through the first material discharge channel 120, so that the light source 146 emits light towards the first coarse screen material falling through the first material discharge channel 120, thereby illuminating the first coarse screen material and realizing illumination of the target image captured by the first camera 1451. This makes the image of the first coarse screen material captured by the first camera 1451 clearer, and the features captured in the image more obvious, thereby improving the identification accuracy of the second coarse screen material by the first camera 1451. In addition, the first identification unit includes a first camera 1451, and the second identification unit includes a second camera 1452, so that the first identification unit and the second identification unit respectively identify and determine the category of the first coarse screen material by acquiring the color sorting image of the first coarse screen material, and identify and determine the category of the second coarse screen material by acquiring the color sorting image of the second coarse screen material. In this case, a set of light sources 146 can also be set below the outer periphery of the first material discharge channel 120 to illuminate the first and second coarse screen materials from the outside in. Alternatively, a set of light sources 146 can be set up. By using optical elements such as lenses and reflectors, the light path emitted by the light sources 146 can be adjusted through light reflection, thereby illuminating the first and second coarse-screened materials. The dual-layer recognition mechanism provided in this embodiment can illuminate the second coarse-screened material captured by the second camera 1452 by setting up the light sources 146, enabling the second camera 1452 to acquire clearer color-sorted images, enhancing the contrast of color, texture, and other features, and improving recognition accuracy. Furthermore, by setting up the light sources 146, the impact of changes in ambient light on material recognition can be reduced, ensuring stable operation of the recognition system under different working conditions. By optimizing the arrangement of the light sources 146, the illumination evenly covers the material feeding area, avoiding recognition deviations caused by insufficient or overexposed local lighting, and improving the accuracy of material recognition and classification.Light sources 146 are respectively provided for the first identification unit and the second identification unit, or a set of units is used to illuminate the first identification unit and the second identification unit respectively. This allows the first camera 1451 and the second camera 1452 to independently acquire better imaging effects of their respective first coarse screen materials and second coarse screen materials, avoid mutual interference, and improve imaging quality and recognition accuracy.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the identification unit 140 further includes a semi-reflective mirror 147, disposed in the optical path of the light source 146. The semi-reflective mirror 147 reflects light to form a first path, and the light passes through the semi-reflective mirror 147 to form a second path. The light illuminates the first coarse screen material falling from the first material discharge channel 120 along the first path, and the light illuminates the second coarse screen material falling from the second material discharge channel 130 along the second path. The surface of the semi-reflective mirror 147 may be coated with a partially reflective and partially transmissive coating layer, so that when light illuminates the semi-reflective mirror 147, some light can be transmitted through the semi-reflective mirror 147 and continue to illuminate along the original optical path, while the other part of the light can be reflected by the semi-reflective mirror 147, thus changing the light path. Figure 10As shown, the light source 146 can be positioned below the inner periphery of the first material discharge channel 120, and multiple light sources 146 can be arranged in a ring, emitting light towards the second material discharge channel 130. The semi-reflective mirror 147 can be tilted and positioned below the outer periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, ensuring that the semi-reflective mirror 147 is within the optical path of the light emitted by the light source 146. When the light emitted by the light source 146 illuminates the semi-reflective mirror 147, a portion of the light is reflected, allowing the emitted light to illuminate the first coarse screen material falling from the bottom of the first material discharge channel 120. This optical path can be defined as the first path. During the process of the first camera 1451, located below the inner periphery of the first material discharge channel 120, capturing images of the first coarse screen material from the inside out, the light can illuminate the first coarse screen material along the first path, resulting in a clearer image and more prominent features, thereby improving the accuracy of identifying and sorting the first coarse screen material. The light emitted by the light source 146 illuminates the semi-reflective lens 147, allowing some of the light to pass through and follow its original optical path to illuminate the second coarse screen material falling from the bottom of the second material discharge channel 130. This optical path can be defined as the second path. During the process of capturing images of the second coarse screen material from the outside in, the second camera 1452, located below the outer periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, allows light to illuminate the material along the second path, resulting in a clearer image and more prominent features, thus improving the accuracy of identification and sorting of the second coarse screen material. The semi-reflective lens 147 provided in this embodiment allows simultaneous illumination of both the first and second coarse screen materials by a single set of light sources 146, improving material identification accuracy. Simultaneously, it reduces the number of light sources 146 required for illumination, thereby reducing energy consumption and the space occupied by the light sources 146, improving the space utilization of the dual-layer identification mechanism.

[0058] In some embodiments, the second camera 1452 is located below the outer periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, and the downward extension length of the inner wall of the second material discharge channel 130 is greater than the downward extension length of the outer wall of the second material discharge channel 130; or, the second camera 1452 is located below the inner periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, and the downward extension length of the outer wall of the second material discharge channel 130 is greater than the downward extension length of the inner wall of the second material discharge channel 130. Since the second camera 1452 of the second recognition unit can be located below the outer periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, it can capture images of the second coarse screen material from the outside in. In this case, when the second camera 1452 captures images of the second coarse screen material falling through its inner side, the captured image may contain another portion of the second coarse screen material on the opposite side, resulting in a large quantity of second coarse screen material in the image captured by the second camera 1452, affecting recognition efficiency. Therefore, the length of the inner wall of the second material discharge channel 130 extending downward can be greater than the length of the outer wall of the second material discharge channel 130 extending downward, so that the inner wall of the second material discharge channel 130 extends downward to the lowest point of the image acquisition range of the second camera 1452. This allows the second camera 1452 to effectively avoid acquiring another part of the second coarse screen material on the opposite side during the process of capturing the second coarse screen material falling through its inner side, thereby reducing its impact, saving computing power, and improving the recognition efficiency and accuracy of the second camera 1452 for the second coarse screen material.

[0059] Since the second camera 1452 of the second recognition unit can be positioned below the inner periphery of the second material discharge channel 130, it can capture images of the second coarse screen material from the inside out. In this case, when the second camera 1452 captures images of the second coarse screen material falling past its outer side, the captured images may include the first coarse screen material falling past its outer side, resulting in a large quantity of material in the images captured by the second camera 1452, including the first coarse screen material that does not need to be recognized by the second camera 1452, thus affecting the recognition efficiency. Therefore, the length of the downward extension of the outer wall of the second material discharge channel 130 can be made greater than the length of the downward extension of the inner wall of the second material discharge channel 130, so that the inner wall of the second material discharge channel 130 extends downward to the lowest point of the image acquisition range of the second camera 1452. This allows the second camera 1452 to effectively avoid capturing images of the first coarse screen material through the outer wall of the second material discharge channel 130 during the process of capturing images of the second coarse screen material falling past its outer side, thereby reducing its influence, saving computing power, and improving the recognition efficiency and accuracy of the second camera 1452 for the second coarse screen material.

[0060] In some embodiments, the identification unit 140 may include: a X-ray machine for emitting rays to irradiate the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material; in some embodiments, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the first identification unit may include a first ring-shaped receiver 1421, and the second identification unit may include a second ring-shaped receiver 1422. The first ring-shaped receiver 1421 and the second ring-shaped receiver 1422 may be concentrically arranged, both located below the first material discharge channel 120 and the second material discharge channel 130.

[0061] The first identification unit includes a first annular receiver 1421 for receiving rays emitted by the X-ray machine to identify the first coarse-screened material. The outer periphery of the first annular receiver 1421 serves as a first receiving end for receiving rays emitted by the X-ray machine 141 to detect the first coarse-screened material. Since the X-ray machine 141 is located below the periphery of the first discharge channel 120 and the second discharge channel 130, the outer periphery of the first annular receiver 1421 can serve as the first receiving end for receiving the rays emitted by the machine. The rays emitted by the machine can pass through the falling first coarse-screened material and are received by the first receiving end of the first annular receiver 1421, allowing the first annular receiver 1421 to determine the category of the first coarse-screened material based on the received ray information. The first discharge channel 120 is located on the outer periphery of the cyclone separator 110, and its diameter is larger than that of the second discharge channel 130. Therefore, the outer diameter of the first annular receiver 1421 can be larger than that of the second annular receiver 1422. The outer diameter of the first annular receiver 1421 can be larger than the outer diameter of the second discharge channel 130 and smaller than the inner diameter of the first discharge channel 120, enabling the first annular receiver 1421 to be used only to receive the rays sweeping through the first coarse screen material and determine the category of the first coarse screen material. The first annular receiver 1421 can be coaxially arranged with the first discharge channel 120 and the second discharge channel 130. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the inner diameter of the first annular receiver 1421 can be larger than the outer diameter of the second material discharge channel 130, so that the first annular receiver 1421 can be fitted outside the second material discharge channel 130, thereby making the first annular receiver 1421 only used to determine the category of the first coarse screen material, thus avoiding the influence of the second coarse screen material on the detection of the first annular receiver 1421.

[0062] The second identification unit includes a second annular receiver 1422 for receiving rays emitted by the X-ray machine 141 to identify the second coarse-screened material. The outer periphery of the second annular receiver 1422 serves as a second receiving end, used to receive rays emitted by the X-ray machine 141 to detect the second coarse-screened material. Since the X-ray machine 141 is located below the periphery of the first discharge channel 120 and the second discharge channel 130, the outer periphery of the second annular receiver 1422 can serve as a second receiving end for receiving the rays emitted by the machine. The rays emitted by the machine can pass through the falling second coarse-screened material and are received by the second receiving end of the second annular receiver 1422, allowing the second annular receiver 1422 to determine the category of the second coarse-screened material based on the received ray information. The second discharge channel 130 is located below the cyclone separator 110, and its diameter is smaller than that of the first discharge channel 120. Therefore, the outer diameter of the second annular receiver 1422 can be smaller than that of the second material discharge channel 130, so that the second annular receiver 1422 can receive the rays sweeping across the material of the second coarse screen and determine the category of the material of the second coarse screen. The second annular receiver 1422 can be coaxially arranged with the first material discharge channel 120 and the second material discharge channel 130. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, due to the small size of the second annular receiver 1422, the optical path between the X-ray optical engine 141 and the second annular receiver 1422 passes through the falling paths of the first and second coarse-screened materials. Therefore, the second annular receiver 1422 may simultaneously receive X-ray information from both the first and second coarse-screened materials. This may cause the second annular receiver 1422's identification of the second coarse-screened material to be affected by the first coarse-screened material. The X-ray information received by the second annular receiver 1422 can be filtered, and the influence of the first coarse-screened material can be eliminated based on the material volume and falling speed in the acquired X-ray image, so that the second annular receiver 1422 is only used to determine the category of the second coarse-screened material. The first ring receiver 1421 and the second ring receiver 1422 can be arranged staggered in the vertical direction. The first ring receiver 1421 can be placed near the upper vortex sorting unit 110, and the second ring receiver 1422 can be placed below the first ring receiver 1421. This ensures that the first ring receiver 1421 and the second ring receiver 1422 do not interfere with each other, thus ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of identification.

[0063] The dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this embodiment enables independent detection of the first and second coarse-sieve materials via the first annular receiver 1421 and the second annular receiver 1422, ensuring that the identification unit 140 can accurately determine the material category, reduce misjudgments, and improve sorting accuracy. By using a larger first annular receiver 1421, the influence of the second coarse-sieve material on its detection can be avoided, while the second annular receiver 1422 can filter out interference from the first coarse-sieve material through X-ray image information, ensuring accurate identification of the second coarse-sieve material. This gives both the first and second annular receivers 1421 stronger anti-interference capabilities, resulting in higher identification accuracy for the identification unit 140 and higher sorting accuracy for the sorting equipment. The staggered arrangement of the first and second annular receivers 1421 and 1422 allows for synchronous operation, improving the efficiency of material identification and sorting, and thus enhancing the overall working efficiency of the sorting equipment. Meanwhile, the first ring receiver 1421 and the second ring receiver 1422 make the entire identification unit 140 more compact, reducing the footprint of the equipment and facilitating the installation and use of the sorting equipment in complex environments such as mines, thereby improving the adaptability of the equipment.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, it may further include a lens 143 disposed on the outer periphery of the second annular receiver 1422 to reduce the influence of the first coarse-screened material on the identification of the second annular receiver 1422. Because the second annular receiver 1422 is small, the optical path between the X-ray optical engine 141 and the second annular receiver 1422 passes through the falling paths of both the first and second coarse-screened materials. Therefore, the second annular receiver 1422 may simultaneously receive X-ray information from both the first and second coarse-screened materials, thus affecting the efficiency of material category identification. A lens 143, which can be a convex lens, can be disposed on the outer periphery of the second annular receiver 1422. Multiple lenses 143 can be disposed around the outer periphery of the second annular receiver 1422, positioning the lenses 143 between the second annular receiver 1422 and the annular trajectory of the first coarse-screened material. As the ray travels from the optical engine to the second annular receiver 1422, it first sweeps across the falling first coarse sieve material. Then, the ray passes through lens 143, sweeps across the falling second coarse sieve material, and is finally received by the second annular receiver 1422. By using lens 143, the ray beam is converged after passing through the first coarse sieve material. This results in the first coarse sieve material appearing smaller in the image acquired by the second annular receiver 1422 after receiving the ray signal. This facilitates the removal of the reduced information about the first coarse sieve material during identification, allowing the second annular receiver 1422 to focus solely on determining the category of the second coarse sieve material, thus minimizing the influence of the first coarse sieve material. According to the dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this embodiment, by using lens 143, the ray information of the first coarse sieve material is reduced in size after passing through lens 143, thereby reducing its imaging range in the second annular receiver 1422. This allows the system to more accurately remove the influence of the first coarse sieve material, improving the accuracy of identifying the second coarse sieve material. At the same time, it can make the signal received by the second ring receiver 1422 more stable and reliable, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the dual-layer identification mechanism to complex environments, effectively reducing interference from external factors, reducing misjudgments caused by overlapping material signals, and improving the reliability of identification and sorting.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figures 4 to 6The identification unit 140 may further include: a reflector 144 disposed below the periphery of the cyclone separation unit 110 to reflect the rays emitted by the X-ray machine 141; and / or, multiple X-ray machines 141 evenly distributed in a ring below the periphery of the cyclone separation unit 110. The identification unit 140 may have one X-ray machine 141. Depending on the position of the X-ray machine 141, one or more reflectors 144 may be disposed below the periphery of the cyclone separation unit 110, allowing the reflectors 144 to reflect the rays emitted by the X-ray machine 141. This ensures that the optical path area of ​​the identification unit 140 is filled with rays, effectively saving the cost of the X-ray machine 141 while effectively expanding the identification area of ​​the identification unit 140. This ensures that all materials entering the optical path area of ​​the identification unit 140 are scanned by rays and received by the corresponding X-ray receiver 142, ultimately achieving accurate and efficient identification of the materials. Specifically, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The middle ring is the first annular receiver 1421, and the left side of the figure is the X-ray machine 141. Multiple reflectors 144 can be arranged around the first annular receiver 1421 to ensure that the rays emitted by the X-ray machine 141 can cover the plane where the first annular receiver 1421 is located, minimizing the difference in ray intensity at various points and ensuring better identification accuracy. Figure 5 As shown, a X-ray machine 141 and three reflectors 144 can be set up, with the X-ray machine 141 and reflectors 144 evenly arranged around the first annular receiver 1421 to ensure full coverage of the X-rays and better uniformity of X-ray intensity. Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 The middle ring is the second annular receiver 1422, and the left side of the figure is the X-ray machine 141. Multiple reflectors 144 can be arranged around the second annular receiver 1422 to ensure that the rays emitted by the X-ray machine 141 cover the plane where the second annular receiver 1422 is located, minimizing the difference in ray intensity at various points and ensuring better identification accuracy. Figure 6 As shown, a X-ray optical engine 141 and three reflectors 144 can be set up, with the X-ray optical engine 141 and reflectors 144 evenly arranged around the second annular receiver 1422 to ensure full coverage of the X-rays and better uniformity of X-ray intensity. In some embodiments, the identification unit 140 may include multiple X-ray optical engines 141, evenly distributed in a ring below the periphery of the cyclone separation unit 110. Multiple X-ray optical engines 141 can be evenly distributed below the periphery of the cyclone separation unit 110, so that the optical path area where the identification unit 140 is located is filled with X-rays, ensuring full coverage of the X-rays and better uniformity of X-ray intensity, thereby improving the accuracy of the identification unit 140 in identifying the type of material.

[0066] According to the dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this embodiment, by setting a reflector 144 below the periphery of the cyclone sorting unit 110, the rays emitted by the X-ray optical machine 141 can be effectively reflected in different directions, thereby expanding the detection area of ​​the identification unit 140 and ensuring that all materials entering the X-ray optical path can be irradiated by the rays, guaranteeing comprehensive ray coverage. This allows the X-ray detection unit to more comprehensively detect each falling material. Furthermore, the reasonable arrangement of the reflector 144 reduces the non-uniformity of ray intensity, avoiding detection blind spots or insufficient ray information due to insufficient ray intensity in certain areas. This improves identification accuracy, ensuring consistent imaging quality of materials in the identification unit 140, thus giving the identification unit 140 higher identification accuracy. Setting multiple X-ray optical machines 141 also improves the uniformity and coverage of the rays, enhancing the detection accuracy of falling materials.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first material discharge channel 120 may include a deceleration unit for reducing the falling speed of the first coarse screened material within the first material discharge channel 120. Since the first coarse screened material falls from the first opening 111 located at the top of the cyclone separator 110, and is ejected by the centrifugal force provided by the rotation of the cyclone separator 110, the first coarse screened material may have a certain initial velocity during its fall, resulting in an excessively fast falling speed that affects the identification and sorting by the X-ray separator. Furthermore, the first coarse screened material travels a relatively long distance from the start of its fall until the sorting process, which can also easily lead to a high speed when passing through the X-ray separator, affecting the accuracy of identification and sorting. Therefore, a deceleration unit can be provided within the first material discharge channel 120. The deceleration unit can effectively reduce the falling speed of the first coarse screened material, thereby ensuring a suitable speed for the first coarse screened material when passing through the X-ray separator, thus guaranteeing high accuracy in the identification and sorting of the first coarse screened material by the X-ray separator. Specifically, the deceleration unit can be an inclined plate disposed inside the first material discharge channel 120. Multiple inclined plates can be staggered along the falling direction of the first coarse screened material within the first material discharge channel 120, causing the material to collide with the inclined plates during its descent, thus decelerating it. Alternatively, the falling material can slide down the inclined plates, altering its trajectory. A vertical guide plate can be provided at the lower part of the first material discharge channel 120, or the lower inner side of the first material discharge channel 120 can be free of inclined plates, ensuring that the falling trajectory of the material exiting the bottom of the first material discharge channel 120 is closer to free fall. Furthermore, a spiral guide rail can be formed inside the first material discharge channel 120, allowing the material to fall along the spiral guide rail after entering the channel, effectively limiting its trajectory and reducing the range of its falling motion, thereby minimizing errors during subsequent sorting operations.

[0068] According to the dual-layer identification mechanism provided in this embodiment, by setting a deceleration unit, the falling speed of the first coarse screen material can be effectively reduced, making its movement more stable when passing through the X-ray sorting unit, thereby improving the accuracy of X-ray detection and reducing blurry imaging or misjudgment caused by excessive speed. Furthermore, the deceleration unit can also guide the first coarse screen material to fall along a specific path, avoiding trajectory deviation and ensuring that the first coarse screen material remains within the X-ray detection range throughout its fall to the X-ray sorting unit and until identification is completed, improving detection stability, reducing sorting errors caused by irregular material trajectories, and improving sorting accuracy. In addition, the deceleration unit allows control of the falling speed of the first coarse screen material, reducing its impact on the first material feeding channel 120 and other mechanical components, reducing wear on the dual-layer identification mechanism due to material collisions, extending the service life of the dual-layer identification mechanism, reducing maintenance costs, and ensuring the safety of the dual-layer identification mechanism during operation. The deceleration unit ensures that the first coarse screen material is in near-free fall when entering the X-ray detection area, making its speed and attitude more controllable, thereby further improving the stability and accuracy of X-ray identification.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the inner circumference of the second material discharge channel 130 is provided with a conical ramp 131 to disperse the second coarse screen material falling from the second opening 112 to different positions within the second material discharge channel 130. The second coarse screen material falls from the second opening 112 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 110. Due to the large quantity of the second coarse screen material and the limited size of the second opening 112, a large amount of material can fall simultaneously, making identification and sorting difficult. Therefore, the second material discharge channel 130 can be annular, allowing the second coarse screen material to disperse to various points within the annular channel 130 after falling from the second opening 112, thus facilitating subsequent identification and sorting. Since the second material discharge channel 130 is coaxially arranged with the cyclone separator 110, a conical ramp 131 can be provided at the inner circumference of the second material discharge channel 130 to ensure that all the second coarse screen material enters the second material discharge channel 130. The conical ramp 131 is cone-shaped and can be coaxially arranged with the cyclone separation unit 110. This allows the second coarse screen material, after falling from the second opening 112 of the cyclone separation unit 110, to slide down the conical ramp 131 to the periphery. Ultimately, this disperses the second coarse screen material to different positions in the second discharge channel, preventing a large amount of material from falling simultaneously within the second discharge channel 130, which would cause overlap and difficulty in distinguishing the material when the identification unit 140 acquires the ray image of the second coarse screen material. According to the double-layer identification mechanism provided in this embodiment, by setting the conical ramp 131 at the top of the inner circle of the second discharge channel 130, the second coarse screen material falling from the second opening 112 can be effectively and evenly dispersed to different positions in the annular second discharge channel 130, avoiding concentrated accumulation of the material and improving the uniformity of material falling. This prevents multiple pieces of material from overlapping when falling simultaneously at the same position, ensuring that the identification unit 140 can clearly distinguish each piece of material and improving the accuracy of identification. In addition, the conical ramp 131 ensures that the material is evenly distributed, which makes it easier for the identification unit 140 to independently image and analyze each material in the second coarse screen, avoiding misjudgment caused by material accumulation or overlap, and improving the overall sorting efficiency.

[0070] In some embodiments, the cyclone sorting unit may include an inner housing and an outer housing.

[0071] The inner shell, a moving mechanism, is equipped with gears and mating bearing seats. It rotates via gear meshing to separate the first and second coarse-screened materials. Materials can be fed into the inner shell. A first opening can be provided at the top of the inner shell, through which the first coarse-screened material can exit and enter a first discharge channel 120. A second opening can be provided at the bottom of the inner shell, through which the second coarse-screened material can fall and enter a second discharge channel 130. The inner shell can be driven by a motor fixed to the outer shell. The inner shell can be equipped with gears and bearing seats. The motor drives the gears to rotate, causing the inner shell to rotate. Centrifugal force separates the first and second coarse-screened materials, causing the lighter first material to exit through the first opening and the heavier second material to fall through the second opening. Furthermore, the inner shell can also vibrate to separate the first and second coarse-screened materials.

[0072] The outer casing, located outside the inner casing, is a fixed component. A motor is mounted on the outer casing to drive the inner casing to rotate or vibrate. The outer casing serves as a fixed support structure, ensuring the stability of the inner casing during movement and preventing vibration or eccentricity of rotating parts from affecting screening accuracy. The motor drives the inner casing to rotate or vibrate via a transmission system, thereby achieving dynamic material screening. The controllable drive of the motor allows adjustment of the rotation speed or vibration frequency according to material screening requirements, adapting to different material screening needs and improving the applicability and flexibility of the screening equipment. The cyclone separator provided in this embodiment avoids the clogging problems of traditional screening methods, improves screening accuracy and efficiency, and the screening method of the inner casing has higher sorting stability, reduces material loss during screening, and lowers equipment maintenance costs.

[0073] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a sorting device, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it may include: a dual-layer identification mechanism, a sorting mechanism 210, and a receiving mechanism 220 as described in any of the preceding embodiments. The dual-layer identification mechanism is used to screen materials into a first coarse-screen material and a second coarse-screen material, and to identify the first and second coarse-screen materials respectively to determine their categories. Based on the identification results, the materials are separated and sorted by the sorting mechanism 210, and finally, the sorted materials are collected by the receiving mechanism 220.

[0074] The sorting mechanism 210 includes a first sorting unit for sorting the first coarse screen material and a second sorting unit for sorting the second coarse screen material.

[0075] The first sorting unit is used to sort the first coarse screen material based on the identification results of the dual-layer identification mechanism. The first sorting unit can be located below the identification unit 140 and can sort the first coarse screen material according to the identification results of the dual-layer identification mechanism. Based on the identification results of the dual-layer identification mechanism, the first sorting unit can sort the first coarse screen material, separating different categories of the first coarse screen material, and the receiving mechanism 220 can receive the different categories of the first coarse screen material respectively. The first sorting unit can sort only the first coarse screen material without affecting the sorting of the second coarse screen material.

[0076] The second annular nozzle 212 is used to sort the second coarse screen material based on the recognition result of the dual-layer recognition mechanism. The second annular nozzle 212 can be positioned below the recognition unit 140 and can sort the second coarse screen material according to the recognition result of the dual-layer recognition mechanism. Based on the recognition result of the dual-layer recognition mechanism, the second annular nozzle 212 sprays the second coarse screen material, separating different categories of the second coarse screen material, which are then received by the receiving mechanism 220. The second annular nozzle 212 can sort only the second coarse screen material without affecting the sorting of the first coarse screen material. The first sorting unit and the second annular nozzle 212 can be coaxially arranged, allowing them to be coplanar, enabling them to sort the first and second coarse screen materials separately, effectively saving space in the sorting equipment. The amount of gas sprayed by the first sorting unit and the second annular nozzle 212 can be controlled, or the first sorting unit and the second annular nozzle 212 can be staggered in the vertical direction to ensure that the first sorting unit and the second annular nozzle 212 do not interfere with each other when spraying the corresponding materials, thereby improving the accuracy of material sorting.

[0077] The receiving mechanism 220 is used to receive the sorted materials. The receiving mechanism 220 can classify and collect the sorted materials, thereby obtaining different categories of sorted materials. First-screen and second-screen materials belonging to the same category can be collected centrally by the receiving mechanism 220. The receiving mechanism 220 may include at least two different receiving bins to receive the first and second materials respectively. Specifically, the materials can be mixed ores; the first material can be gangue, and the second material can be coal. Through the first sorting unit and the second annular nozzle 212, the first-screen and second-screen materials can be sorted separately, ultimately ensuring that the first-screen and second-screen materials of the same category are received into different receiving bins.

[0078] According to the sorting equipment provided in this embodiment, two-stage sorting of materials can be achieved. The cyclone sorting unit 110 of the double-layer identification mechanism sieves the materials into a first coarse screen material and a second coarse screen material. The identification unit 140 identifies the first and second coarse screen materials respectively, determining the category of each material. The first coarse screen material is lighter, while the second coarse screen material is heavier. By sieving materials according to weight through the cyclone sorting unit 110, materials of different weights can be classified first, facilitating adjustments to the sorting strategy based on weight during subsequent sorting operations of the first and second coarse screen materials through the sorting mechanism 210. The first sorting unit and the second annular nozzle 212 of the sorting mechanism 210 can separately sort the first and second coarse screen materials. By simultaneously sorting the first and second coarse screen materials based on the identification results, sorting efficiency can be effectively improved, enabling faster and more simultaneous sorting of materials. By setting up a first sorting unit and a second annular nozzle 212, it is ensured that the materials screened on the first and second coarse screens are effectively separated, preventing mixing and ensuring that the sorting processes are independent. This ensures that the different types of materials collected after sorting have higher quality and purity. The receiving mechanism 220 collects the sorted materials by category, effectively preventing mixing between different materials and ensuring high efficiency and accuracy in material sorting. By setting the first sorting unit and the second annular nozzle 212 coaxially, the space utilization rate of the equipment is effectively improved, the overall footprint of the equipment is reduced, and space for the sorting equipment is effectively saved.

[0079] In some embodiments, the first sorting unit may include a first annular nozzle 211; the second sorting unit may include a pusher plate assembly or a second annular nozzle 212. Since the cyclone sorting unit 110 can coarsely screen materials by weight into heavier second coarse screen material and lighter first coarse screen material, and the identification unit 140 identifies the first and second coarse screen materials respectively, the first sorting unit can sort the lighter first coarse screen material, while the second sorting unit can sort the heavier second coarse screen material. Therefore, the first annular nozzle 211 can be used to sort the lighter first coarse screen material with high sorting accuracy. Since the second coarse screen material is heavier, it can be sorted by the pusher plate assembly or the second annular nozzle 212. Specifically, when the weight of the second coarse screen material is too large, the blowing force of the second annular nozzle 212 may be insufficient, potentially leading to failure to sort the material, resulting in poor sorting accuracy and a large sorting error. When the volume of the material in the second coarse screen is too large, the concentrated spraying position of the second annular nozzle 212 may cause the material to rotate or shift after being sprayed, resulting in a large sorting error and poor accuracy. Therefore, when the weight or volume of the material in the second coarse screen is too large, a pusher plate assembly can be used to sort the material in the second coarse screen to ensure that the pusher plate assembly can achieve efficient and accurate sorting. In addition, sorting the material in the second coarse screen by the pusher plate assembly, while simultaneously sorting the material in the first coarse screen by the first annular nozzle 211, can avoid the sorting error caused by the opposing spraying of the two spraying mechanisms and can prevent interference between the two independent sorting processes, thereby improving the sorting accuracy. In other cases, when the volume of the material in the second coarse screen is small, and the pusher plate assembly is arranged in an annular shape, there may be a certain gap between adjacent pushers. The small volume of the material in the second coarse screen can easily fall into the gap, resulting in a large sorting error and poor accuracy during the material sorting process by the pusher plate assembly. In this case, a second annular nozzle 212 can be used to separate the material from the second coarse screen, thereby improving the sorting accuracy of the smaller material from the second coarse screen.

[0080] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the receiving mechanism 220 includes: a first receiving unit 230, a second receiving unit 240, a first receiving bin 250, and a second receiving bin 260. The first receiving bin 250 is used to receive a first material obtained after sorting, and the second receiving bin 260 is used to receive a second material obtained after sorting. Specifically, the first material can be gangue, and the second material can be coal; the first receiving bin 250 and the second receiving bin 260 can be used to receive different types of materials.

[0081] A first receiving unit 230, ring-shaped, is disposed below the first material discharge channel 120. It receives the first coarse-screened material after sorting. The inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 receives the first material sorted by the first sorting unit, and the outer ring receives the second material not sorted by the first sorting unit. The first sorting unit may be a first annular nozzle 211. The first receiving unit 230 may be ring-shaped and may include two concentric annular receiving cavities, an inner ring and an outer ring. A circular cross-section partition plate may be provided between the inner and outer rings to isolate the inner and outer ring receiving cavities, thus collecting different types of materials. The first receiving unit 230 can receive the first coarse-screened material sorted by the first annular nozzle 211, including the first material and the second material. The inner ring receiving cavity of the first receiving unit 230 can be used to receive the first material, and the outer ring receiving cavity can be used to receive the second material. Specifically, the blowing strategy of the first annular nozzle 211 is to blow heavier materials. Taking coal gangue ore separation as an example, the first material can be heavier gangue, and the second material can be lighter coal. Therefore, the inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 can be used to receive the first material gangue blown by the first annular nozzle 211, and the outer ring of the first receiving unit 230 can be used to receive the second material coal that has not been blown by the first annular nozzle 211, thereby achieving coal-gangue separation. The inner wall of the inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 can share the same structure with the outer wall of the outer ring of the second receiving unit 240. To prevent wear on the side wall of the first receiving unit 230 during material descent, rollers 270 can be arranged on the inner wall of the outer ring of the first receiving unit 230. The rollers 270 can rotate in the direction of material movement, thereby mitigating the impact force of the material and extending the service life of vulnerable parts.

[0082] The second receiving unit 240, in an annular shape, is located below the second material discharge channel 130 and is used to receive the first coarse-screened material that has been sorted. The inner ring of the second receiving unit 240 is used to receive the first material that has not been sorted by the second sorting unit, and the outer ring of the second receiving unit 240 is used to receive the second material that has been sorted by the second sorting unit. The second sorting unit can be a second annular nozzle 212 or a pusher plate mechanism. The second receiving unit 240 can be annular and can include two concentric annular receiving cavities, an inner ring and an outer ring. A circular cross-section partition plate can be provided between the inner ring and the outer ring to isolate the receiving cavities of the inner ring and the outer ring of the second receiving unit 240 from each other, for collecting different types of materials. The first receiving unit 230 can be used to receive the second coarse-screened material that has been sorted by the second annular nozzle 212, including the first material and the second material. Specifically, the blowing strategy of the sorting mechanism 210 is to blow on the lighter materials. Taking coal gangue ore sorting as an example, the first material can be heavier gangue, and the second material can be lighter coal. Therefore, the inner ring of the second receiving unit 240 can be used to receive the first material gangue that has not been sprayed by the second annular nozzle 212, and the outer ring of the second receiving unit 240 can be used to receive the second material coal that has been sprayed by the second annular nozzle 212. The second receiving unit 240 can be concentrically arranged with the first receiving unit 230, so that the first receiving unit 230 and the second receiving unit 240 respectively receive the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material after sorting, and can be distinguished from each other according to the different categories of materials. In order to prevent the material from wearing down the side wall of the second receiving unit 240 during the falling process, rollers 270 can be arranged on the inner side wall of the outer ring of the second receiving unit 240. The rollers 270 can rotate in the direction of material movement, thereby dissipating the impact force of the material and extending the service life of vulnerable parts.

[0083] The first receiving bin 250 is used to receive the first material collected by the inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 and the inner ring of the second receiving unit 240. The first receiving bin 250 can be connected to the inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 and the inner ring of the second receiving unit 240, so that the first material in the receiving cavity of the inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 and the first material in the receiving cavity of the inner ring of the second receiving unit 240 can both enter the first receiving bin 250, thereby collecting the first material received by the first receiving unit 230 and the second receiving unit 240 respectively through the first receiving bin 250.

[0084] The second receiving bin 260 is used to receive the second material collected by the outer rings of the first receiving unit 230 and the second receiving unit 240. The second receiving bin 260 can be connected to the outer rings of both the first receiving unit 230 and the second receiving unit 240, allowing the second material in the receiving cavity of the outer ring of the second receiving unit 240 and the second material in the receiving cavity of the outer ring of the second receiving unit 240 to enter the second receiving bin 260, thereby collecting the second material received by the first receiving unit 230 and the second receiving unit 240 respectively.

[0085] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, taking coal gangue ore separation as an example, the first material is gangue, and the second material is coal. The first coarse screen material falls through the first material discharge channel 120, and the identification unit 140 identifies the coal and gangue in the first coarse screen material. The first annular nozzle 211 can spray the gangue according to the identification result of the identification unit 140, so that the gangue enters the inner ring receiving cavity of the first receiving unit 230. Figure 7 As shown, a first receiving port 231 communicating with the first receiving bin 250 can be formed on one side of the inner ring receiving cavity of the first receiving unit 230, so that the gangue entering the inner ring receiving cavity of the first receiving unit 230 can enter the first receiving bin 250 for receiving gangue along the first receiving port 231. Specifically, the bottom surface of the inner ring receiving cavity of the first receiving unit 230 can be inclined towards the side where the first receiving port 231 is located, so as to guide the gangue entering the inner ring receiving cavity of the first receiving unit 230 into the first receiving bin 250 along the inclined bottom surface. The first annular nozzle 211 does not blow coal, so that the coal enters the outer ring receiving cavity of the first receiving unit 230. The outer ring receiving cavity of the first receiving unit 230 can be directly connected to the second receiving bin 260, so that all the coal in the outer ring receiving cavity of the first receiving unit 230 directly enters the second receiving bin 260 for receiving coal.

[0086] The second annular nozzle 212 can inject coal according to the recognition result of the recognition unit 140, so that the coal enters the outer ring receiving cavity of the second receiving unit 240. Figure 8As shown, a second receiving port 241 communicating with the second receiving bin 260 can be formed on one side of the outer ring receiving cavity of the second receiving unit 240, so that the coal entering the outer ring receiving cavity of the second receiving unit 240 can enter the second receiving bin 260 for receiving coal along the second receiving port 241. Specifically, the bottom surface of the outer ring receiving cavity of the second receiving unit 240 can be inclined towards the second receiving port 241 to guide the coal entering the outer ring receiving cavity of the second receiving unit 240 into the second receiving bin 260 along the inclined bottom surface. The second annular nozzle 212 does not spray the gangue, so that the gangue can enter the inner ring receiving cavity of the second receiving unit 240. The inner ring receiving cavity of the second receiving unit 240 can be directly connected to the first receiving bin 250, so that all the gangue in the inner ring receiving cavity of the second receiving unit 240 directly enters the first receiving bin 250 for receiving gangue.

[0087] According to the sorting equipment provided in this embodiment, by setting up annular first receiving unit 230 and second receiving unit 240, and collecting different materials in their respective inner and outer rings, it is possible to ensure that materials are accurately sorted according to category, avoid cross-contamination, improve the purity of the different types of materials obtained in the end, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of sorting. The concentrically arranged annular first receiving unit 230 and second receiving unit 240 make the structure of the sorting equipment more compact, effectively saving the floor space occupied by the sorting equipment. By connecting the inner rings of the first receiving unit 230 and the second receiving unit 240 to the first receiving bin 250, the first material can be collected centrally; and by connecting the outer rings of the first receiving unit 230 and the second receiving unit 240 to the second receiving bin 260, the second material can be collected centrally. This structure can effectively achieve efficient classification and storage of materials, reduce unnecessary intermediate processing steps, and improve the space utilization rate of the receiving bins.

[0088] In some embodiments, a first sorting unit is disposed on the lower outer periphery of the first material discharge channel 120, and a second sorting unit is disposed on the lower inner periphery of the second material discharge channel 130. The first sorting unit is used to sort the first coarse screen material from the outside to the inside; the second sorting unit is used to sort the second coarse screen material from the inside to the outside. Specifically, the first sorting unit may be a first annular nozzle 211, and the second sorting unit may be a second annular nozzle 212 or a pusher mechanism. The first annular nozzle 211 is only used to spray and sort the first coarse screen material falling from the first material discharge channel 120, and the second annular nozzle 212 is only used to spray and sort the second coarse screen material falling from the second material discharge channel 130. Since the inner diameter of the first material discharge channel 120 is larger than the outer diameter of the second material discharge channel 130, the diameter of the first annular nozzle 211 may be greater than or equal to that of the second annular nozzle 212, so that the first annular nozzle 211 and the second annular nozzle 212 can each spray the corresponding material. The first annular nozzle 211 can be coaxially arranged with the cyclone separator, the first material discharge channel 120, and the second material discharge channel 130. The diameter of the first annular nozzle 211 can be greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the first material discharge channel 120, so that the first annular nozzle 211 can spray material from the outside to the inside, ensuring that all the material from the first coarse screen can be separated and classified by the first annular nozzle 211. Figure 8As shown. The height of the inner wall of the inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 can be greater than the height of both the outer wall of the inner ring and the outer wall of the outer ring. This allows the first material sprayed inward by the first annular nozzle 211 to smoothly enter the first receiving unit 230, preventing excessive spraying that could cause the first material sprayed inward by the first annular nozzle 211 to enter the second receiving unit 240. The upward extension of the inner wall of the inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 can be higher than the height of the first annular nozzle 211 to block the gas sprayed by the first annular nozzle 211, thus avoiding affecting the spraying accuracy of the inner second annular nozzle 212. The diameter of the second annular nozzle 212 can be smaller than the inner diameter of the second material discharge channel 130, so that the second annular nozzle 212 can spray material from the inside out, ensuring that all the material from the second coarse screen can be separated and sorted by the second annular nozzle 212. The inner wall of the inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 and the outer wall of the outer ring of the second receiving unit 240 can have the same structure. Therefore, the height of the inner wall of the inner ring of the first receiving unit 230 is greater than that of the inner wall of the outer ring and the inner wall of the inner ring of the second receiving unit 240. This can block the gas blown out by the second annular nozzle 212, thereby avoiding affecting the blowing accuracy of the outer first annular nozzle 211. With the sorting equipment provided in this embodiment, the diameter of the first annular nozzle 211 can be larger than that of the second annular nozzle 212, and the blowing methods from the outside to the inside and from the inside to the outside can be adopted respectively. This can ensure that the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material are sorted independently, avoiding mutual interference. At the same time, it can ensure that all the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material pass through the corresponding blowing area, thereby effectively avoiding missed selection and misselection, and improving blowing efficiency and accuracy. By making the inner wall of the first receiving unit 230 higher than the inner wall of the outer ring of the second receiving unit 240, airflow interference between the first annular nozzle 211 and the second annular nozzle 212 can be effectively blocked, ensuring the accuracy of the spray and improving the sorting precision.

[0089] Based on the same inventive concept, such as Figure 11 As shown, this disclosure also provides a material identification and sorting method, which is applied to a two-layer identification mechanism as described in any of the foregoing embodiments. The material identification and sorting method may include steps S310 and S320.

[0090] In step S310, the material is screened into a first coarse screen material and a second coarse screen material by the cyclone separator 110. The material can be fed into the cyclone separator 110 of the dual-identification mechanism. As the cyclone separator 110 rotates, the lighter first coarse screen material rises along the inner wall of the cyclone separator 110. Finally, under the action of centrifugal force, the first coarse screen material flies out from the first outlet and enters the first discharge channel 120, falling down along the first discharge channel 120. During the rotation of the cyclone separator 110, the heavier second coarse screen material accumulates at the bottom of the inner shell 114, colliding with each other. Finally, the second coarse screen material falls through the second opening 112 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 110, entering the second discharge channel 130 and falling down along the second discharge channel 130. The cyclone separator 110 can separate the material into a first coarse screen material and a second coarse screen material, and separate the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material into each other, so that each falls into the X-ray separator through different channels.

[0091] In step S320, the identification unit 140 identifies the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material respectively, determining their categories. The first and second coarse screen materials fall within the identification range of the identification unit 140. The identification unit 140 identifies the first coarse screen material falling from the first feeding channel 120, determining the category of each piece, facilitating subsequent separation of different categories of materials based on the identification results. Similarly, the identification unit 140 identifies the second coarse screen material falling from the second feeding channel 130, determining the category of each piece, also facilitating subsequent separation of different categories of materials based on the identification results.

[0092] According to the material identification and sorting method provided in this embodiment, the material is initially screened into a first coarse screen material and a second coarse screen material through the cyclone separator 110. This allows materials of different weights to fall along different channels, thereby reducing the mixing of different types of materials and improving the sorting accuracy of the subsequent identification unit 140. By simultaneously identifying the first and second coarse screen materials through the identification unit 140, the identification efficiency can be effectively improved, thereby increasing the overall sorting efficiency of the sorting equipment.

[0093] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the radiation receiver 142 may include: a first annular receiver 1421, with its outer periphery as a first receiving end, for receiving radiation emitted by the radiation detector 141 to detect the first coarse-screened material; and a second annular receiver 1422, with its outer periphery as a second receiving end, for receiving radiation emitted by the radiation detector 141 to detect the second coarse-screened material; as shown. Figure 12 As shown, step S320, which identifies the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material respectively through the identification unit 140 and determines the categories of the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material, may also include steps S321 and S322.

[0094] Step S321: Determine the X-ray image based on the X-ray emitted by the X-ray optical machine 141 received by the second annular receiver 1422. The X-ray optical machine 141 emits rays that sweep across the falling second coarse sieve material, which are then received by the second annular receiver 1422. This allows the second annular receiver to determine the X-ray image corresponding to the second coarse sieve material it has swept. Since the second annular receiver 1422 may simultaneously receive X-ray information from both the first and second coarse sieve materials, its identification of the second coarse sieve material may be affected by the first coarse sieve material. This means the X-ray image determined based on the X-ray information received by the second annular receiver 1422 may contain images of part of the first coarse sieve material. Therefore, step S322 can be used to filter the data in the X-ray image. The X-ray image may include information such as the position and size of each material swept by the X-ray.

[0095] Step S322: Based on the size of the materials in the X-ray image, identify second coarse-screen materials whose size is greater than a size threshold, and determine the category of the second coarse-screen materials. Based on the size information of each material captured in the X-ray image, a size threshold can be preset. Materials with size information greater than the size threshold are identified as second coarse-screen materials and their categories are determined. Materials with size information less than or equal to the size threshold are identified as first coarse-screen materials and are not identified, thus effectively reducing the interference of first coarse-screen materials on identification. This ensures that the second ring receiver 1422 is used only to identify and determine the category of the second coarse-screen materials, improving the accuracy of identification and sorting.

[0096] According to the material identification and sorting method provided in this embodiment, the division of labor between the first annular receiver 1421 and the second annular receiver 1422 allows them to receive the X-ray information of the first and second coarse-sieve materials, respectively. This avoids a decrease in identification accuracy due to material overlap or interference, and improves the accuracy of material classification and sorting. By distinguishing the X-ray reception methods of the first and second coarse-sieve materials, the increased computational complexity caused by the mixing of X-ray information from the first and second coarse-sieve materials can be reduced, saving computing power, improving the operating efficiency of the identification unit 140, reducing the computational load, and making the system more stable. Since the second annular receiver 1422 only identifies the larger second coarse-sieve material, it can effectively avoid misidentifying the first coarse-sieve material as the second coarse-sieve material, thereby reducing subsequent erroneous spraying operations caused by misidentification and effectively improving sorting quality and accuracy.

[0097] In some embodiments, such as Figure 13As shown, the material identification and sorting method may further include: step S330, determining the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 110 based on the quantity and / or size of the first and second coarse screen materials. Since changes in the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 110 will alter the screening standards of the first and second coarse screen materials during initial screening, thereby changing their quantity and falling speed, etc., the cyclone separator 110 may experience insufficient centrifugal force, resulting in a smaller maximum mass of the first coarse screen material falling through the first opening 111. Consequently, the quantity of the first coarse screen material falling through the first opening 111 decreases, while the quantity of the second coarse screen material falling through the second opening 112 increases. This places a heavy burden on the identification unit 140 for the second coarse screen material, making it prone to overlap and leading to incorrect or missed identification by the identification unit 140, thus reducing the accuracy and efficiency of the identification process. When the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 110 is too high, the centrifugal force provided will be excessive, resulting in a larger minimum mass of the second coarse screen material that can fall through the second opening 112. Therefore, the amount of the first coarse screen material falling through the first opening 111 increases, while the amount of the second coarse screen material falling through the second opening 112 decreases. This makes the identification task of the identification unit 140 heavy, easily causing overlap between the first coarse screen materials, leading to incorrect or missed identification by the identification unit 140, and reducing the accuracy and efficiency of identification. Therefore, to ensure that the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 110 is kept within a relatively suitable range, the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 110 can be dynamically adjusted based on the quantity and size of the first and second coarse screen materials received by the first annular receiver 1421 and the second annular receiver 1422, respectively. Specifically, if the quantity of material in the first coarse screen is too large, or the size of the detected material in the first coarse screen is too large, or the quantity of material in the second coarse screen is too small, it can be considered that the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110 is too high, resulting in an increase in the quantity of material in the first coarse screen falling through the first opening 111, or causing severe overlapping and obstruction, and the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110 can be reduced accordingly. If the quantity of material in the first coarse screen is too small, or the quantity of material in the second coarse screen is too large, or the size of the material in the second coarse screen is too large, it can be considered that the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110 is too low, resulting in an increase in the quantity of material in the second coarse screen falling through the second opening 112, or causing severe overlapping and obstruction, and the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110 can be increased accordingly.

[0098] The material identification and sorting method provided in this embodiment can dynamically adjust the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110 by real-time detection of the quantity and size of the materials on the first and second coarse screens. This allows the screening process to adapt to materials of different types and characteristics, ensuring stable and reliable sorting results. By reasonably adjusting the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110, the overlap and obstruction of the materials on the first and second coarse screens within the identification unit 140 can be reduced, avoiding misjudgments or omissions caused by overlap, and improving the identification accuracy and detection efficiency of the identification unit 140.

[0099] In some embodiments, such as Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown, step S330, determining the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 110 based on the quantity and size of the first coarse screen material and the second coarse screen material, may include: step S331 and / or step S332.

[0100] In step S331, if the quantity of the first coarse screen material exceeds a first quantity threshold, and / or the size of the first coarse screen material exceeds a first size threshold, then the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110 is reduced. The first quantity threshold can be preset, which can be the maximum number of first coarse screen materials that the identification unit 140 can simultaneously identify while ensuring identification accuracy. Alternatively, a first size threshold can be preset, which can be the maximum possible size of the first coarse screen material determined based on material sorting experience. When the quantity of the first coarse screen material obtained by the identification unit 140 exceeds the first quantity threshold, it can be considered that the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110 is too high, resulting in an increased quantity of first coarse screen material falling from the first opening 111. Therefore, the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110 needs to be reduced to ensure that the quantity of the first coarse screen material remains within a reasonable range, enabling the identification unit 140 to accurately identify each piece of the first coarse screen material. When the size of the first coarse screen material obtained by the identification unit 140 is greater than the first size threshold, it can be considered that the rotation speed of the cyclone separation unit 110 is too high, which increases the number of the first coarse screen material falling from the first opening 111 and causes serious mutual occlusion and overlap. It is necessary to reduce the rotation speed of the cyclone separation unit 110 to ensure that the number of the first coarse screen material is kept within a reasonable range, effectively avoid the overlap phenomenon, and enable the identification unit 140 to accurately identify each first coarse screen material.

[0101] In step S332, if the quantity of the second coarse screen material exceeds a second quantity threshold, and / or the size of the second coarse screen material exceeds a second size threshold, then the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 110 is increased. The second quantity threshold can be preset, which can be the maximum number of second coarse screen materials that the identification unit 140 can simultaneously identify while ensuring identification accuracy. Alternatively, a second size threshold can be preset, which can be the maximum possible size of the second coarse screen material determined based on material sorting experience. When the quantity of the second coarse screen material obtained by the identification unit 140 exceeds the second quantity threshold, it can be considered that the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 110 is too low, resulting in an increased quantity of second coarse screen material falling from the second opening 112. Therefore, the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 110 needs to be increased to ensure that the quantity of the second coarse screen material remains within a reasonable range, enabling the identification unit 140 to accurately identify each piece of second coarse screen material. When the size of the second coarse screen material obtained by the identification unit 140 is greater than the second size threshold, it can be considered that the rotation speed of the cyclone separation unit 110 is too low, which increases the number of second coarse screen materials falling from the second opening 112 and causes serious mutual occlusion and overlap. It is necessary to increase the rotation speed of the cyclone separation unit 110 to ensure that the number of second coarse screen materials is kept within a reasonable range, effectively avoid the overlap phenomenon, and enable the identification unit 140 to accurately identify each second coarse screen material.

[0102] The material identification and sorting method provided in this embodiment can monitor the quantity and / or size of the first and second coarse screen materials in real time, and adopt an adaptive adjustment strategy to ensure that the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110 is maintained within a suitable range. This ensures that the quantity of the first and second coarse screen materials after screening is balanced, avoiding identification errors and omissions caused by uneven material distribution or excessive quantity of any one group of coarse screen materials. By adjusting the rotation speed of the cyclone separator 110, the mutual occlusion phenomenon caused by excessive quantity or size of the first or second coarse screen materials can be reduced, enabling the identification unit 140 to accurately acquire the X-ray image of each material, improving classification accuracy and reducing the false judgment rate. In addition, by preset a first quantity threshold, a second quantity threshold, a first size threshold, and a second size threshold, intelligent adaptive control of the cyclone separator 110 can be achieved based on the detected quantity and size of the first and second coarse screen materials. This enhances the adaptability of the system under different material conditions, reduces manual intervention, and improves the level of automation.

[0103] This application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. Terms such as "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that references to "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" in different locations throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0104] In the context of this application, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0105] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the present application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments, the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application sometimes combines multiple features into a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of the present application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the embodiments contain fewer features than all the features of the single embodiments disclosed above.

[0106] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above disclosure is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A double-layer identification mechanism applied to a sorting device, comprising: a cyclone sorting unit having a first opening at a top portion and a second opening at a bottom portion, the cyclone sorting unit being rotated or vibrated to cause a first coarse screening material to fall through the first opening and a second coarse screening material to fall through the second opening, wherein the first coarse screening material has a smaller weight than the second coarse screening material; a first material falling channel in a ring shape and arranged at a peripheral side of the cyclone sorting unit, for receiving and discharging the first coarse screening material; a second material falling channel in a ring shape and arranged below the cyclone sorting unit, for receiving and discharging the second coarse screening material; an identification unit, comprising: a first identification unit arranged downstream of the first material falling channel, for identifying the first coarse screening material falling through the first material falling channel; a second identification unit arranged downstream of the second material falling channel, for identifying the second coarse screening material falling through the second material falling channel; a sorting mechanism, comprising: a first sorting unit for sorting the first coarse screening material according to an identification result of the identification unit; a second sorting unit for sorting the second coarse screening material according to the identification result of the identification unit.

2. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The second identification unit comprises: a plurality of second cameras arranged in a ring shape, for collecting images of the second coarse screening material to identify the second coarse screening material.

3. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 2, wherein, A focal length of the second cameras is determined according to a distance between the second cameras and a falling position of the second coarse screening material.

4. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The identification unit comprises a ray light machine for emitting rays to irradiate the first coarse screening material. The first identification unit comprises a ray receiver for receiving the rays emitted by the ray light machine to identify the first coarse screening material.

5. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The first identification unit further comprises: a plurality of first cameras arranged in a ring shape and located downstream of the first material falling channel, for collecting images of the first coarse screening material to identify the first coarse screening material.

6. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 5, wherein, The identification unit further comprises: a light source for emitting light rays towards the first coarse screening material and / or the second coarse screening material.

7. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 6, wherein, The identification unit further comprises: a half-reflective and half-transmissive lens arranged on a light path of the light source, the light rays are reflected by the half-reflective and half-transmissive lens to form a first path, and the light rays pass through the half-reflective and half-transmissive lens to form a second path; wherein the light rays along the first path irradiate the first coarse screening material falling through the first material falling channel, and the light rays along the second path irradiate the second coarse screening material falling through the second material falling channel.

8. The dual layer identification mechanism of any of claims 4-6, wherein, The second cameras are located below a peripheral side of the second material falling channel, an inner wall of the second material falling channel extends downward by a length greater than an outer wall of the second material falling channel; or The second cameras are located below an inner side of the second material falling channel, an outer wall of the second material falling channel extends downward by a length greater than an inner wall of the second material falling channel.

9. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The identification unit comprises: a ray light machine for emitting rays to irradiate the first coarse screening material and the second coarse screening material. The first identification unit comprises a first annular receiver for receiving the rays emitted by the ray machine to identify the first coarse screening material; The second identification unit comprises a second annular receiver for receiving the rays emitted by the ray machine to identify the second coarse screening material.

10. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The first dropping channel comprises: A speed reduction unit for reducing the falling speed of the first coarse screening material in the first dropping channel.

11. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The inner dome of the second dropping channel is provided with a tapered chute for dispersing the second coarse screening material falling from the second opening to different positions of the second dropping channel.

12. The dual layer identification mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The cyclone sorting unit comprises: An inner shell which is a moving mechanism, equipped with a gear and a matching bearing seat, for screening the first coarse screening material and the second coarse screening material by gear engagement rotation; An outer shell which is a fixed component arranged outside the inner shell, equipped with a motor to drive the rotation of the inner shell.

13. A sorting device comprising: The double-layer identification mechanism according to any one of claims 1-12; A material receiving mechanism for receiving the sorted material.

14. The sorting apparatus of claim 13, wherein, The first sorting unit comprises a first annular nozzle; the second sorting unit comprises a push plate assembly or a second annular nozzle.

15. The sorting apparatus of any of claims 13-14, wherein, The material receiving mechanism comprises: A first receiving unit in the form of an annulus arranged below the first dropping channel for receiving the first coarse screening material after sorting, the inner circle of the first receiving unit being used to receive the first material sorted by the first sorting unit, and the outer circle of the first receiving unit being used to receive the second material not sorted by the sorting unit; A second receiving unit in the form of an annulus arranged below the second dropping channel for receiving the first coarse screening material after sorting, the inner circle of the second receiving unit being used to receive the first material not sorted by the second sorting unit, and the outer circle of the second receiving unit being used to receive the second material sorted by the second sorting unit; A first material receiving bin for receiving the first material collected by the inner circle of the first receiving unit and the inner circle of the second receiving unit; A second material receiving bin for receiving the second material collected by the outer circle of the first receiving unit and the outer circle of the second receiving unit.

16. The sorting apparatus of claim 15, wherein, The first sorting unit is arranged on the outer periphery below the first dropping channel, and the second sorting unit is arranged on the inner periphery below the second dropping channel; The first sorting unit is used to sort the first coarse screening material from the outside to the inside, and the height of the inner side wall of the inner circle of the first receiving unit is greater than the height of the outer side wall of the outer circle of the first receiving unit; The second sorting unit is used to sort the second coarse screening material from the inside to the outside, and the height of the outer side wall of the outer circle of the second receiving unit is greater than the height of the inner side wall of the inner circle of the second receiving unit.

17. A material identification and sorting method applied to the double-layer identification mechanism according to any one of claims 1-12, the method comprising: Screening the material into the first coarse screening material and the second coarse screening material by the cyclone sorting unit; The first identification unit comprises a first annular receiver for receiving the rays emitted by the ray machine to identify the first coarse screening material; The second identification unit comprises a second annular receiver for receiving the rays emitted by the ray machine to identify the second coarse screening material. The first dropping channel comprises: A speed reduction unit for reducing the falling speed of the first coarse screening material in the first dropping channel. The inner dome of the second dropping channel is provided with a tapered chute for dispersing the second coarse screening material falling from the second opening to different positions of the second dropping channel. The cyclone sorting unit comprises: An inner shell which is a moving mechanism, equipped with a gear and a matching bearing seat, for screening the first coarse screening material and the second coarse screening material by gear engagement rotation; An outer shell which is a fixed component arranged outside the inner shell, equipped with a motor to drive the rotation of the inner shell.

13. A sorting device comprising: The double-layer identification mechanism according to any one of claims 1-12; A material receiving mechanism for receiving the sorted material. The first sorting unit comprises a first annular nozzle; the second sorting unit comprises a push plate assembly or a second annular nozzle. The material receiving mechanism comprises: A first receiving unit in the form of an annulus arranged below the first dropping channel for receiving the first coarse screening material after sorting, the inner circle of the first receiving unit being used to receive the first material sorted by the first sorting unit, and the outer circle of the first receiving unit being used to receive the second material not sorted by the sorting unit; A second receiving unit in the form of an annulus arranged below the second dropping channel for receiving the first coarse screening material after sorting, the inner circle of the second receiving unit being used to receive the first material not sorted by the second sorting unit, and the outer circle of the second receiving unit being used to receive the second material sorted by the second sorting unit; A first material receiving bin for receiving the first material collected by the inner circle of the first receiving unit and the inner circle of the second receiving unit; A second material receiving bin for receiving the second material collected by the outer circle of the first receiving unit and the outer circle of the second receiving unit. The first sorting unit is arranged on the outer periphery below the first dropping channel, and the second sorting unit is arranged on the inner periphery below the second dropping channel; The first sorting unit is used to sort the first coarse screening material from the outside to the inside, and the height of the inner side wall of the inner circle of the first receiving unit is greater than the height of the outer side wall of the outer circle of the first receiving unit; The second sorting unit is used to sort the second coarse screening material from the inside to the outside, and the height of the outer side wall of the outer circle of the second receiving unit is greater than the height of the inner side wall of the inner circle of the second receiving unit.

17. A material identification and sorting method applied to the double-layer identification mechanism according to any one of claims 1-12, the method comprising: Screening the material into the first coarse screening material and the second coarse screening material by the cyclone sorting unit; The first coarse screening material and the second coarse screening material are respectively identified by the identification unit, and the categories of the first coarse screening material and the second coarse screening material are determined.

18. The material identification sorting method of claim 17, wherein, The material identification and sorting method further comprises: According to the quantity and / or size of the first coarse screening material and the second coarse screening material, the rotating speed or vibration frequency of the cyclone sorting unit is determined.

19. The material identification sorting method of claim 18, wherein, The determination of the rotating speed or vibration frequency of the cyclone sorting unit according to the quantity and size of the first coarse screening material and the second coarse screening material comprises: If the quantity of the first coarse screening material is greater than a first quantity threshold value, and / or the size of the first coarse screening material is greater than a first size threshold value, the rotating speed or vibration frequency of the cyclone sorting unit is reduced; and / or, If the quantity of the second coarse screening material is greater than a second quantity threshold value, and / or the size of the second coarse screening material is greater than a second size threshold value, the rotating speed or vibration frequency of the cyclone sorting unit is increased.

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