Extrusion device and extrusion method for reducing poor head layer formation of aluminum extrusion product

Abstract

The invention discloses an extrusion device for reducing poor head layering of an aluminum extrusion product. The extrusion device comprises an aluminum extrusion die and a structure for reducing poor head layering of the aluminum extrusion product. The invention further discloses an extrusion method for reducing the poor head layer formation of the aluminum extrusion product, after extrusion of one aluminum ingot is finished, the ingot containing barrel retreats, and the residue pressing scissors reset after the residue pressing scissors cut off residues; when the ingot containing barrel is filled with aluminum ingots through the mechanical arm, the flow guide plate base is pushed by the hydraulic rod to slide towards one side, the flow guide plate base slides to the position of the positioning screw, the aluminum in the flow guide cavity is ejected out through the flow guide cavity ejector rod, the ejector rod resets, the flow guide plate base resets, the next aluminum ingot is filled into the ingot containing barrel, and the ingot containing barrel moves forwards to abut against the flow guide plate; and the extruding machine rod begins to extrude the next aluminum ingot, the aluminum of the next aluminum ingot begins to fill the flow guide plate, then the aluminum and a small part of aluminum in the flow guide structure remaining at the front end of the die are welded, continuous production is achieved, and one cycle is completed. According to the invention, head layer formation defects are reduced to a great extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the manufacture of high-quality aluminum alloy plates, and in particular to an extrusion device and an extrusion method for reducing poor stratification at the head of an aluminum extruded product. Background Art

[0002] See also Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of traditional extrusion, including the extruder rod (1), the aluminum ingot (2) loaded in the ingot barrel (3), the aluminum extrusion die (05) and its die base (04) located behind the ingot barrel, the slide rail (06) of the die base and the hydraulic rod (07) of the die base, and the front crossbeam (12) at the exit along the extrusion direction. During the extrusion process, when one rod is extruded, the ingot barrel retreats, the residual pressure scissors are pressed against the surface of the die to cut off the residual pressure, and the residual pressure scissors are reset. At this time, the die guide cavity (13) (such as Figure 2 a. Figure 2 b) The middle is filled with aluminum, and the next rod is loaded into the ingot holding cylinder. The ingot holding cylinder moves forward to support the mold, and the extrusion rod advances to start extruding the next aluminum ingot.

[0003] During extrusion, the aluminum of the next rod is welded to the aluminum of the previous rod that remains in the guide cavity to achieve continuous extrusion production between rods. Since the flow rate of aluminum is faster when extruded closer to the center of the mold, the aluminum remaining in the guide cavity wraps the aluminum of the next rod and is gradually extruded. The aluminum in the center of the guide cavity is taken out first until the product is extruded to a certain length, and finally all the aluminum remaining on the edges of the guide cavity is taken out. Since there is a large difference between the temperature of the aluminum remaining in the guide cavity and the temperature of the aluminum of the next rod, the precipitation of the strengthening phase inside the aluminum alloy of the two is quite different during extrusion, resulting in different anodizing rates of the aluminum in the guide cavity and the next aluminum rod when the extruded product containing guide cavity aluminum is anodized. Layered defects appear on the cross section of the extruded product, and the thickness of the layer gradually decreases with the increase of the length of the extruded product until it disappears (such as Figure 3 ).

[0004] In actual production, these products with layer defects are regarded as defective products, and need to be located and cut off at the rough cut end and treated as waste. In addition, each rod of this extrusion method will have a certain length of products with layer defects, which not only reduces the product yield, but also takes time to cut them off, consuming labor costs. Patent with publication number CN101314170A: An aluminum alloy bar mold, including a die sleeve 2, a die body 3, a die pad 4, and a rear die pad 5. The die sleeve 2 is sequentially connected to the die body 3, the die pad 4, and the rear die pad 5. The inner diameters of the channels 8, 9, and 10 in the die body 3, the die pad 4, and the rear die pad 5 are increased in sequence. The inner diameter of the channel 8 in the die body 3 is larger than the diameter of the channel 11 through which the aluminum alloy bar passes in the die body 3. A boss 12 protrudes from the upper part of the die body 3, and the upper plane of the boss 12 of the die body 3 coincides with the upper plane of the die sleeve 2 as the same plane. The aluminum alloy bar die of the present invention eliminates the layering defect of the internal organizational structure of the extruded bar, reduces the residual material accumulated in the internal channel of the die, and increases the yield rate to more than 65-70%, and the layering phenomenon of the bar is basically solved. However, the technical modification of the die is large, and the technical modification is difficult and costly. There is still a lot of residual material, and the yield rate is only increased from 60% to 65-70%, which is limited. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art and provide an extrusion device for reducing the poor stratification of the head of aluminum extruded products. During the extrusion process, the aluminum in the guide plate is pushed out by the ejector rod and then extruded, which can greatly reduce the poor stratification of the product head, thereby improving the yield of each aluminum ingot.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is to design an extrusion device for reducing poor stratification of the head of aluminum extruded products, including an aluminum extrusion die and a structure for reducing poor stratification of the head of aluminum extruded products.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the structure to reduce the poor stratification of the head of the aluminum extrusion product includes a guide cavity and a mold cavity that are separately set in the aluminum extrusion die. The aluminum in the mold cavity only plays a welding role, that is, the extrusion material of the next aluminum rod is connected with the extrusion material of the previous aluminum rod to achieve continuous discharge.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the guide cavity is arranged in the guide plate, the mold cavity is arranged in the disc-shaped mold, and the guide plate and the disc-shaped mold are arranged in sequence along the extrusion direction; the aluminum extrusion mold includes a guide plate, a disc-shaped mold, a guide plate base concentrically arranged outside the guide plate, and a mold base concentrically arranged outside the disc-shaped mold.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the extrusion device also includes an extruder rod and an ingot barrel which are arranged in sequence along the extrusion direction; the aluminum extrusion mold is located between the ingot barrel and the front crossbeam of the extruder; the ingot barrel is filled with aluminum ingots; the guide plate base and the mold base are respectively slidably arranged on a slide rail, an oil cylinder is provided on one side of the guide plate base, and a hydraulic rod for pushing and pulling the guide plate base to slide is provided on the oil cylinder, and a positioning screw of the guide plate base is provided at the end of the slide rail of the guide plate base away from the hydraulic cylinder, and the extrusion device also includes a guide cavity top rod for extruding residual aluminum in the guide cavity of the guide plate.

[0010] The present invention also discloses a technical solution, which is an extrusion method for reducing poor stratification of the head of an aluminum extruded product. The extrusion device for reducing poor stratification of the head of an aluminum extruded product is used, and the method comprises the following steps performed in sequence: After the extrusion of an aluminum ingot is completed, the ingot holding cylinder retreats, the residual pressure scissors are pressed against the surface of the guide plate facing the ingot holding cylinder to cut off the residual pressure, and then the residual pressure scissors are reset; while the aluminum ingot is loaded into the ingot holding cylinder by the mechanical arm, the base of the guide plate is pushed by the hydraulic rod and slides to one side along its slide rail to complete the shearing of the aluminum in the guide plate, the base of the guide plate slides to the position of the positioning screw, the top rod of the guide cavity moves forward to push the aluminum in the guide cavity out, the top rod is reset, the base of the guide plate is reset, the next aluminum ingot is loaded into the ingot holding cylinder, the ingot holding cylinder moves forward to hold the guide plate, the extruder rod is pushed forward to start extruding the next aluminum ingot, the aluminum of the next aluminum ingot begins to fill the guide plate, and then is welded with a small part of the aluminum in the guide structure remaining at the front end of the mold to achieve continuous production, and one cycle is completed.

[0011] A blade is fixedly arranged on the hydraulic rod, and the width of the blade satisfies that the side of the blade parallel to the extrusion direction is at a very small distance from the side of the mold facing the guide plate; the blade edge is arranged on the side of the blade perpendicular to the extrusion direction, and two blades are provided, respectively arranged on the two sides of the blade perpendicular to the extrusion direction; A shearing knife is fixedly connected to the side of the slide rail of the mold facing the guide plate, and the width of the shearing knife satisfies that the side of the shearing knife perpendicular to the extrusion direction is at a very small distance from the side of the guide plate; the blade of the shearing knife is arranged on the side of the shearing knife parallel to the extrusion direction, and two blades are provided, respectively arranged on the two sides of the shearing knife parallel to the extrusion direction; The shear blade is equipped with two blades that can remove the aluminum cakes bonded to the interface between the guide cavity and the mold cavity twice when the guide plate slides and resets (more importantly, it removes the aluminum cakes bonded to the guide cavity, that is, the side of the guide plate facing the mold), ensuring a good removal effect to reduce the frequency of mold changes; Moreover, the method of this embodiment utilizes the sliding action of the guide plate itself in conjunction with the additional blade and shear knife to remove the aluminum cake adhered at the interface without adding a driving mechanism.

[0012] After pushing and resetting the guide cavity perpendicular to the extrusion direction for many times, more and more aluminum will be bonded to the interface between the guide cavity and the mold cavity, forming a large pancake. The current solutions include: appropriately increasing the mold change frequency; and removing the aluminum plate by the method of this embodiment.

[0013] The shearing direction of the residual pressing scissors is opposite to the sliding direction of the guide plate, so that the sliding of the guide plate can be utilized, and the residual pressing shearing action can be performed while the guide plate is pushed and slides along its slide rail, which improves efficiency and reduces working hours; The residual pressing scissors can also be set as fixed blades to reduce the number of driving mechanisms and reduce energy consumption; The residual pressure scissors can also be set on the hydraulic rod. The width of the residual pressure scissors satisfies that the side of the residual pressure scissors perpendicular to the extrusion direction and facing the ingot barrel exceeds the side of the guide plate facing the ingot barrel by a very small distance (the rightmost solution is to determine the specific distance: a fixed block is fixedly connected to the side of the hydraulic rod, and the residual pressure scissors are fixedly connected to the fixed block. The width of the fixed block is equal to the distance between the side of the hydraulic cylinder and the side of the guide plate facing the ingot barrel. In this way, the residual pressure scissors are still close to the surface of the guide plate to cut off the residual pressure), and the corresponding position of the ingot barrel is set with a depression to avoid the residual pressure scissors. In this way, the residual pressure scissors are set on the guide plate, and the residual pressure is cut off at the same time when the guide plate is pushed.

[0014] The structure for reducing poor stratification of the head of aluminum extruded products includes an integrally arranged aluminum extrusion die, an even number of scrapers matched with the aluminum extrusion die, an even number of accommodating chute grooves arranged on the end surface of the ingot barrel, and a guide plate slidably arranged in the accommodating chute grooves, the accommodating chute grooves are arranged in a circular array with the center of the ingot barrel, the notch of the accommodating chute grooves is provided with an inner flange, and the end of the guide plate located in the accommodating chute groove is fixedly provided with an outer flange matched with the aforementioned inner flange; the number of scrapers is consistent with the number of accommodating chute grooves; a blade is provided at the end of the scraper blade, and a blade is also provided at the part of the side of the scraper blade close to the end; a baffle is fixedly provided at the end opposite to the blade of the scraper blade, and a limit plate matching the baffle is provided at the exposed end of the guide plate; a right-angle limit block is fixedly provided on the die base to limit the distance of the ingot barrel from retreating; a clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to a slider, the slider is slidably connected to a sliding rail, the sliding rail is fixedly connected to the side of the slide rail of the die base, and a pushing cylinder is matched with the slider; The number of accommodating chutes is four, six or eight; After the ingot holding tube retreats until it abuts against the right-angled limit block, an even number of scrapers are inserted obliquely along the guide plate into the exposed ends of the aluminum bars until the baffles at the ends of the scrapers abut against the limit plate (it is only necessary to calculate and design the retreat distance and the angle of the accommodating inclined groove in advance to ensure that when the baffles at the ends of the scrapers abut against the limit plate, the ends of the scraper blades basically reach the end surface of the guide cavity closest to the cavity and the angle of the scraper insertion ensures that the scrapers do not touch the guide plate). Then the scrapers are reset and retracted, and the clamping cylinder is used to clamp the exposed ends of the aluminum bars and simultaneously move in the direction of the retreat of the ingot holding tube to take out the residual aluminum in the guide cavity and the ends of the aluminum bars. The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the traditional mold, mold base and its slide rail are modified so that most of the aluminum in the guide cavity can be sheared and removed, thereby eliminating the defect of layering of the head of the extruded product, improving the product yield, and reducing the time of manual sawing of the defective head.

[0015] When the product is extruded 0.4m, all the aluminum in the backflow structure of the mold has been taken out, and no layer defects are visible. Compared with the head layer distribution of the product extruded by traditional extrusion, the finished product is increased by 1-1.5m, which improves the product yield to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an aluminum extrusion device in the prior art; Figure 2 a is Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the middle mold; Figure 2 b is Figure 2 The main view of a; Figure 3 Is adopted Figure 1 Actual photos of the cross-section head layer distribution of products of different lengths extruded by the device; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an extrusion device for reducing poor stratification of the head of an aluminum extrusion product according to the present invention; Figure 5 It is a physical photograph of the layered distribution of the cross-section head of the products of different lengths extruded by the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A perspective view of an exploded schematic diagram of the middle guide plate and the mold; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A front view of the middle deflector; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Rear view of the center deflector; Fig. 9 It is the front view of the mold; Fig.10 It is the rear view of the mold; Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 yes Fig.13 Schematic diagram of Zhongsheng ingot barrel and aluminum extrusion die; Fig.15 yes Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the state in which the ingot holding tube moves backwards to the guide cavity and the end of the aluminum rod is inserted into the scraper; Fig.16 yes Fig.15 A magnified schematic diagram of part A; Fig.17 yes Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the blade after it is relocated and stowed; Fig.18 yes Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the clamping cylinder clamping the end of the aluminum rod after the guide plate is retracted.

[0017] In the figure: 04, die base; 05, aluminum extrusion die; 06, slide rail of die base; 07, hydraulic rod of die base; 1, extruder rod; 2, aluminum ingot; 3, ingot container; 4, guide plate; 5, base of guide plate; 6, die; 7, slide rail; 8, base of die; 9, positioning screw; 10, hydraulic rod; 11, guide chamber top rod; 12, front crossbeam of extruder; 13, guide chamber; 14, blade; 15, shear knife; 16, fixing block; 17, pressure scissors; 18, scraper; 19, accommodating inclined groove; 20, guide plate; 21, baffle; 22, limit plate; 23, right-angle limit block; 24, clamping cylinder; 25, slider; 26, slide rail; 27, pushing cylinder; 28, end of aluminum rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1: The present invention is an extrusion device for reducing poor stratification of the head of an aluminum extrusion product, such as Figure 4 As shown, by modifying the traditional mold, mold base and its slide rail, it includes: an extruder rod 1, an aluminum ingot 2 loaded in an ingot holding barrel 3; a guide plate 4 arranged behind the ingot holding barrel and a base 5 for placing the guide plate, a mold 6 behind the guide plate and a base 8 of the mold, slide rails 7 and a hydraulic rod 10 of the two bases, a guide plate base positioning screw 9 arranged at one end of the slide rail and a guide cavity top rod 11, and an extruder front crossbeam 12.

[0020] Taking the extrusion of two ingots as an example, the working principle of the extrusion design scheme of the invention is explained as follows: during the extrusion process, one rod is extruded, the ingot holding tube 3 retreats, the residual pressure scissors are close to the surface of the guide plate to cut off the residual pressure, and the residual pressure scissors are reset. In the process of the robotic arm loading the aluminum rod, the guide plate base 5 slides to one side along its slide rail 7 under the action of the hydraulic rod 10 to complete the shearing of the aluminum in the guide plate. The guide plate base 5 slides to the position of the positioning screw 9, and the push rod 11 moves forward to push out the aluminum in the guide cavity. The push rod 11 is reset, and the guide plate base 5 is reset. The next rod is loaded into the ingot holding tube 3, and the ingot holding tube moves forward to support the guide plate 11. The extrusion rod 1 is pushed forward to start extruding the next aluminum ingot. The aluminum of the next rod begins to fill the guide plate, and then is welded with a small part of the aluminum in the guide structure remaining at the front end of the mold to achieve continuous production. At this time, one cycle is completed. After extrusion, the finished product is cooled, stretched, and sheared into the required specifications and sizes; and the final shearing process selects the shearing position at the weld (that is, the part of the aluminum that forms a layer at the head, that is, the aluminum remaining in the guide cavity, is finally sheared off). Therefore, this process design takes all factors into consideration, on the one hand, increasing the finished product and improving the yield rate, and retaining a small amount of residual aluminum in the guide cavity for use (as a finished product before and after welding), and shearing it off at the final shearing position, maximizing the avoidance of the impact of the head layer on the quality of the finished product. A cylinder is also provided on one side of the mold base to facilitate the replacement of the disc-shaped mold.

[0021] Take the head of the extruded product of the invented design scheme for anode verification, and its head layer distribution is as follows Figure 5 It can be seen that when the product is extruded 0.4m, all the aluminum in the backflow structure of the die has been taken out, and no layer defects are shown, which is different from the layer distribution of the head of the product extruded by the traditional extrusion method (such as Figure 3 ) compared with the traditional method, the finished product has been increased by 1-1.5m, which has improved the product yield to a certain extent.

[0022] Compared with the traditional extrusion scheme, the design scheme of the invention is to Figure 1 The structure of the middle guide plate, the guide plate base, the mold and the slide rail is modified. Most of the structure of the guide cavity of the traditional mold is designed on the guide plate, and only a small part of the guide structure is left in the mold to facilitate welding between rods during extrusion, so as to achieve continuous production. This is equivalent to cutting the traditional mold into the guide plate 4 and the new mold 6 (such as Figures 6 to 10 At the same time, the traditional single mold base, single slide rail and single hydraulic rod are changed to double bases, double slide rails and double hydraulic rods to achieve the purpose of shearing and removing the aluminum in the guide plate, so as to shorten the poor stratification of the product head and improve the product yield.

[0023] The main reason for cutting off the excess is that there is a problem of tail shrinkage during aluminum extrusion. The situation in the cross section of the mold is that the flow rate in the middle is fast and the flow rates on both sides are slow. When the material is sufficient, there is not much difference in the extruded finished product. When the aluminum rod is extruded to the final end, the aluminum deposited inside the ingot tube will flip over and enter the mold, which will result in a lot of impurities and poor composition of the extruded finished product.

[0024] After the residual shearing, the guide cavity is pushed perpendicular to the extrusion direction, so that the aluminum fish-shaped cavity in the guide cavity is separated, and then another oil cylinder (that is, the push rod 11, the push rod 11 can be fixedly connected to the exposed end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder) pushes the aluminum in the guide cavity out. It does not mean that there is no aluminum left in the guide cavity, because the pushing method will inevitably leave a small part of aluminum in the guide cavity. The remaining residual aluminum is just used as the weld between the next aluminum rod extruded product and the previous aluminum rod extruded product.

[0025] Embodiment 2: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that Fig.11 As shown, a blade 14 is fixedly arranged on the hydraulic rod 10, and the width of the blade 14 satisfies that the side of the blade perpendicular to the extrusion direction is at a very small distance from the side of the mold 6 facing the guide plate 4; the blade edge is arranged on the side of the blade perpendicular to the extrusion direction, and two blades are provided, which are respectively arranged on the two sides of the blade parallel to the extrusion direction; A shearing knife 15 is fixedly connected to the side of the slide rail of the mold 6 facing the guide plate 4, and the width of the shearing knife 15 satisfies that the side of the shearing knife perpendicular to the extrusion direction is at a very small distance from the side of the guide plate; the blade of the shearing knife 15 is arranged on the side of the shearing knife parallel to the extrusion direction, and two blades are provided, respectively arranged on the two sides of the shearing knife parallel to the extrusion direction; In the manual: In this way, the blade on the lower side of the blade can easily shear the aluminum in the guide plate when sliding in the guide cavity (guide plate), and can effectively shear the aluminum cake bonded to the interface between the guide cavity and the mold cavity when resetting (more importantly, it can remove the aluminum cake bonded to the side of the mold cavity, that is, the mold facing the guide plate); The shear blade is equipped with two blades that can remove the aluminum cakes bonded to the interface between the guide cavity and the mold cavity twice when the guide plate slides and resets (more importantly, it removes the aluminum cakes bonded to the guide cavity, that is, the side of the guide plate facing the mold), ensuring a good removal effect to reduce the frequency of mold changes; Moreover, the method of this embodiment utilizes the sliding action of the guide plate itself in conjunction with the additional blade and shear knife to remove the aluminum cake adhered at the interface without adding a driving mechanism.

[0026] After pushing and resetting the guide cavity perpendicular to the extrusion direction for many times, more and more aluminum will be bonded to the interface between the guide cavity and the mold cavity, forming a large pancake. The current solutions include: appropriately increasing the mold change frequency; and removing the aluminum plate by the method of this embodiment.

[0027] Embodiment 3: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that Fig.12 As shown, the shearing direction of the residual pressing scissors is opposite to the sliding direction of the guide plate, so that the sliding of the guide plate can be utilized, and the residual pressing shearing action can be performed while the guide plate is pushed and slides along its slide rail, thereby improving efficiency and reducing working hours; The residual pressing scissors can also be set as fixed blades to reduce the number of driving mechanisms and reduce energy consumption; The residual pressure scissors can also be set on the hydraulic rod 10, and the width of the residual pressure scissors is such that the side of the residual pressure scissors perpendicular to the extrusion direction and facing the ingot barrel exceeds the side of the guide plate 4 facing the ingot barrel by a very small distance (the specific distance is exceeded, and the best solution is: a fixed block 16 is fixedly connected to the side of the hydraulic rod 10, and the residual pressure scissors 17 are fixedly connected to the fixed block. The width of the fixed block is equal to the distance between the side of the hydraulic rod and the side of the guide plate 4 facing the ingot barrel 3. In this way, the residual pressure scissors are still close to the surface of the guide plate to cut off the residual pressure), and the corresponding position of the ingot barrel is set with a depression to avoid the residual pressure scissors. In this way, the residual pressure scissors are set on the guide plate, and the residual pressure is cut off at the same time when the guide plate is pushed.

[0028] Embodiment 4: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that Figures 13 to 18 As shown (for ease of illustration, Fig.13 The receiving chute, the pushing cylinder and the clamping cylinder are not shown; Figures 14 to 18 Only one accommodating chute is shown), the structure for reducing poor stratification of the head of the aluminum extruded product includes an integrally arranged aluminum extrusion die 05 (the aluminum extrusion die 05 is arranged in the extruder, and the extruder structure includes an extruder rod 1, an aluminum ingot 2 loaded in the ingot barrel 3, the aluminum extrusion die 05 and its die base 04 located behind the ingot barrel, a slide rail 06 of the die base and a hydraulic rod 07 of the die base, and a front crossbeam 12 at the outlet along the extrusion direction), an even number of scrapers 18 matched with the aluminum extrusion die, an even number of accommodating chute 19 arranged on the end face of the ingot barrel, and a guide plate 20 slidably arranged in the accommodating chute, the accommodating chute 19 is arranged in a ring array with the center of the ingot barrel 3, the notch of the accommodating chute is provided with an inner flange, and the guide plate 20 is slidably arranged in the accommodating chute. The end of the plate located in the receiving chute is fixedly provided with an outer flange adapted to the aforementioned inner flange; the number of scrapers is consistent with the number of receiving chute; a blade is provided at the end of the scraper, and a blade is also provided at the part of the side of the scraper close to the end; a baffle 21 is fixedly provided at the end opposite to the blade of the scraper 18, and a limit plate 22 matching the baffle 21 is provided at the exposed end of the guide plate; a right-angle limit block 23 (for example, it can be provided on the frame of the aluminum extruder) is fixedly provided to limit the distance of the ingot barrel 3 to retreat; a clamping cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to a slider 25, the slider 25 is slidably connected to the sliding rail, the sliding rail 26 is fixedly connected to the side of the slide rail 06 of the die base, and a pushing cylinder 27 is provided in conjunction with the slider; The number of accommodating chutes is four, six or eight; After the ingot holding tube retreats until it abuts against the right-angled stopper, an even number of scrapers are respectively inserted obliquely along the guide plate into the exposed aluminum rod end 28 until the baffle at the end of the scraper abuts against the stopper (it is only necessary to calculate and design the retreat distance and the angle of the accommodating inclined groove in advance to ensure that when the baffle at the end of the scraper abuts against the stopper, the end of the scraper blade basically reaches the closest end face of the guide cavity and the angle of the scraper insertion ensures that the scraper does not touch the guide plate). Then the scraper is reset and retracted, and the clamping cylinder is used to clamp the exposed aluminum rod end and simultaneously move in the direction of retreat of the ingot holding tube to take out the residual aluminum in the guide cavity and the end of the aluminum rod. In the specification: Since the guide plate is slidably arranged in the accommodating inclined groove, the upper guide plate automatically slides down due to its own weight when the ingot holding cylinder retreats, and the lower guide plate can be pulled out manually; it is not arranged separately, and the residual aluminum in the guide cavity is brought out when the ingot holding cylinder retreats, which not only solves the problem of tail shrinkage, but also solves the problem of head stratification, because the ingot holding cylinder retreats and brings out the residual aluminum in the guide cavity, and also brings out the pressure residue (or the end of the aluminum rod); a heating component can also be provided inside the end of the scraper; in this way, the heating component is started after the scraper is inserted until the baffle at the end of the scraper abuts against the limit plate, so that the end of the trapezoidal aluminum in the guide cavity, that is, the connection force at the interface between the trapezoidal aluminum and the cavity is weakened (due to heating, the end part of the trapezoidal aluminum melts into liquid), so that when the clamping mechanism clamps the exposed end of the aluminum rod and retreats, the aluminum in the guide cavity can be pulled apart so that it is no longer connected with the aluminum in the cavity. The aluminum connection is made by connecting the residual aluminum in the guide cavity and the end of the aluminum rod, so that the residual aluminum in the guide cavity and the end of the aluminum rod are taken out in the process, but a small amount of aluminum is still left in the guide cavity (that is, the aluminum outside the trapezoidal body or the outside of the scraper insertion area in the figure), which can be used as the subsequent weld, that is, as a connection between two aluminum rods for continuous production; this method not only solves the problem of head stratification, but also avoids the problem of aluminum bonding between the cavity and the guide cavity interface to form aluminum cakes, which has to increase the frequency of mold change caused by the split setting; and this setting also simplifies the operating steps of the aluminum extrusion method, improves efficiency, and reduces working hours (originally, after the ingot barrel retreats, the residual scissors move, the guide plate slides and resets, and the push rod moves to push the aluminum in the guide cavity; now it only needs to pull out the guide plate after the ingot barrel retreats, then insert the scraper, put away the scraper after heating, the clamping mechanism moves, and the pushing mechanism moves) The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extrusion device for reducing poor stratification of the head of an aluminum extruded product, characterized in that: It includes an aluminum extrusion die and a structure for reducing poor stratification at the head of an aluminum extrusion product.

2. The extrusion device for reducing poor stratification of the head of aluminum extruded products according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The structure for reducing poor stratification of the head of an aluminum extrusion product comprises a guide cavity and a mold cavity separately arranged in an aluminum extrusion die.

3. The extrusion device for reducing poor stratification of the head of aluminum extruded products according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The guide cavity is arranged in the guide plate, the cavity is arranged in the disc-shaped mold, and the guide plate and the disc-shaped mold are arranged in sequence along the extrusion direction; the aluminum extrusion mold includes a guide plate, a disc-shaped mold, a guide plate base concentrically arranged outside the guide plate, and a mold base concentrically arranged outside the disc-shaped mold.

4. The extrusion device for reducing poor stratification of the head of aluminum extruded products according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The extrusion device also includes an extruder rod and an ingot holding barrel which are arranged in sequence along the extrusion direction; the aluminum extrusion mold is located between the ingot holding barrel and the front crossbeam of the extruder; the ingot holding barrel is filled with aluminum ingots; the guide plate base and the mold base are respectively slidably arranged on a slide rail, an oil cylinder is provided on one side of the guide plate base, and a hydraulic rod for pushing and pulling the guide plate base to slide is provided on the oil cylinder, and a positioning screw of the guide plate base is provided at the end of the slide rail of the guide plate base away from the hydraulic cylinder, and the extrusion device also includes a guide cavity top rod for extruding residual aluminum in the guide cavity of the guide plate.

5. An extrusion method for reducing poor stratification of the head of an aluminum extruded product, using an extrusion device for reducing poor stratification of the head of an aluminum extruded product as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps performed in sequence: After the extrusion of an aluminum ingot is completed, the ingot holding cylinder retreats, the residual pressure scissors are pressed against the surface of the guide plate facing the ingot holding cylinder to cut off the residual pressure, and then the residual pressure scissors are reset; while the aluminum ingot is loaded into the ingot holding cylinder by the mechanical arm, the base of the guide plate is pushed by the hydraulic rod and slides to one side along its slide rail to complete the shearing of the aluminum in the guide plate, the base of the guide plate slides to the position of the positioning screw, the top rod of the guide cavity moves forward to push the aluminum in the guide cavity out, the top rod is reset, the base of the guide plate is reset, the next aluminum ingot is loaded into the ingot holding cylinder, the ingot holding cylinder moves forward to hold the guide plate, the extruder rod is pushed forward to start extruding the next aluminum ingot, the aluminum of the next aluminum ingot begins to fill the guide plate, and then is welded with a small part of the aluminum in the guide structure remaining at the front end of the mold to achieve continuous production, and one cycle is completed.

Images