An automatic welding device and welding method for electric iron accessories

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic welding device and method for electric railway accessories. The device includes a main unit, a clamp support and limiting unit, a first centering adjustment unit, a second centering adjustment unit, and a pressing and fixing unit. The main unit includes a workbench, a gantry bracket fixed to the upper surface of the workbench, a pair of positioning columns fixed to the upper surface of the workbench, a crossarm inserted into the positioning columns, and a clamp placed on top of the crossarm. The clamp support and limiting unit is located at both ends of the crossarm and is used to longitudinally limit the ear plates on both sides of the clamp. The first centering adjustment unit is located on the inner side of the clamp's arc and is used for coarse adjustment of the clamp's centering position. The second centering adjustment unit is located on the inner side of the clamp's arc and is used for fine adjustment of the clamp's centering position. The pressing and fixing unit is used to press and fix the ear plates on both sides of the clamp in the vertical direction. This invention can accurately align and weld the clamp to the center of the crossarm, ensuring the strength of the weld and the stability of the overall structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic welding device and welding method for electric iron accessories. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of power facilities, the welding connection between crossarms and clamps is a crucial task. The crossarm, as a key support structure for overhead transmission lines, directly affects the safety and reliability of the entire power facility. The clamp, on the other hand, is an important device used to securely fasten cables, insulators, or other electrical accessories to the crossarm.

[0003] When welding crossarms and clamps, it is crucial to precisely align the curved surface of the bottom end of the clamp with the center of the top of the crossarm. This directly affects the strength of the weld and the stability of the overall structure. However, in practice, operators often rely on their eyesight and experience to judge the position and angle of the clamp. This method is not only inefficient but also makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of alignment, often leading to misalignment of the clamp during welding. This instability affects the overall stability of the crossarm, and under severe weather conditions such as strong winds and heavy rain, it can easily increase the risk of the crossarm tilting, deforming, or falling off. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic welding device for electric railway accessories, mainly comprising:

[0006] The main unit includes a workbench, a gantry bracket fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench, a pair of positioning columns fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench, a crossbeam adapted to be inserted into the positioning columns, and a clamp placed on top of the crossbeam.

[0007] The clamp support and limiting unit is symmetrically and spaced at both ends of the crossbeam, and its bottom is connected to the upper surface of the workbench frame. It is used to longitudinally limit and support the ear plates on both sides of the clamp.

[0008] The first centering adjustment unit is located on the inner side of the clamp arc and connected to the gantry bracket. It is used to push the clamp to move and coarsely adjust the centering position of the clamp.

[0009] The second centering adjustment unit is located on the inner side of the clamp arc and is connected to the first centering adjustment unit, and is used to fine adjust the centering position of the clamp.

[0010] The pressing and fixing unit is symmetrically arranged above the clamp and connected to the first centering adjustment unit and the second centering adjustment unit. It is used to press and fix the ear plates on both sides of the clamp in the vertical direction.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic welding device for electric iron accessories of the present invention, the clamp support and limiting unit includes a bracket plate fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench, the top of the bracket plate is provided with a longitudinal limiting groove adapted to the width of the clamp, and the bottom wall of the longitudinal limiting groove is laterally fixed with a support plate for supporting the ear plates on both sides of the clamp.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic welding device for electric iron accessories of the present invention, the first centering adjustment unit includes a pair of hydraulic cylinders fixedly connected to the top of the gantry support, a lifting plate fixedly connected to the piston end of the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, a pair of fixed rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the rear side of the lifting plate, and a centering coarse adjustment component connected between the pair of fixed rods.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic welding device for electric iron accessories described in this invention, the centering coarse adjustment component includes a motor mounting base fixedly connected between a pair of fixed rods, a rotary motor fixedly connected to the motor mounting base, a first rotating shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary motor, a pair of first eccentric wheels fixedly and spaced apart outside the first rotating shaft, a first gear located between the pair of first eccentric wheels, and a positioning plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor mounting base. The first gear is fixedly sleeved outside the first rotating shaft, and the first gear is connected to a second centering adjustment unit. The pair of first eccentric wheels are located at a position slightly below the inner side of the clamp arc.

[0014] During the rotation of the first eccentric wheel, the side of the first eccentric wheel forms a rolling contact with the inner arc surface of the clamp. When the first eccentric wheel rotates to a specific angle, the clamp moves to the center of the top of the crossarm, and the line connecting the point of tangency and the axis of the first eccentric wheel is perpendicular to the inner arc surface of the clamp.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic welding device for electric iron accessories of the present invention, the second centering adjustment unit includes a pair of symmetrically arranged centering fine adjustment components and a fine adjustment drive component. The pair of centering fine adjustment components are both located below the lifting plate and connected to the bottom of the lifting plate. The fine adjustment drive component is connected to the lifting plate, the pair of centering fine adjustment components and the pressing and fixing unit.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic welding device for electric iron accessories of the present invention, the centering and fine adjustment component includes a connecting plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate, a second rotating shaft rotatably connected to the front side of the connecting plate, a pair of second eccentric wheels fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating shaft, and a second gear located between the pair of second eccentric wheels. The second gear is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating shaft and connected to the fine adjustment drive component. The pair of second eccentric wheels are located at a position slightly above the inner arc of the clamp.

[0017] When the second gear and the second eccentric wheel are rotated by the fine-tuning drive assembly, the side of the second eccentric wheel forms a rolling contact with the inner arc surface of the clamp. When the second eccentric wheel rotates to a specific angle, the clamp moves to the center of the top of the crossarm, and the line connecting the tangent point and the axis of the second eccentric wheel is perpendicular to the inner arc surface of the clamp.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic welding device for electric iron accessories of the present invention, the fine-tuning drive assembly includes a sliding rod that slides through the lifting plate. A pair of support rods are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of both sides of the sliding rod. The pair of support rods have an "eight" shaped structure, and a double-sided rack is vertically fixed to the end of each pair of support rods away from the sliding rod. The sides of the pair of double-sided racks that are far apart from each other are respectively meshed with the opposite side of a pair of second gears. The other side of the double-sided racks is connected to the pressing and fixing unit.

[0019] A single-sided rack is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the slide rod, and the single-sided rack meshes with the first gear.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic welding device for electric iron accessories of the present invention, the pressing and fixing unit includes a third rotating shaft rotatably connected to the front side of the connecting plate, a third gear is fixedly sleeved on the third rotating shaft, the third gear meshes with the side of the double-sided rack away from the second gear, an inclined plate is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft at an inclination, a pressing plate is laterally fixed to the lower end of the inclined plate, the pressing plate is adapted to the longitudinal limiting groove, and while the clamp is centered, the pressing plate rotates and presses against the top of the ear plates on both sides of the clamp.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the automatic welding device for electric iron accessories of the present invention, the inclined plate is provided with an upper and lower interconnected clearance groove, and the double-sided rack is movably inserted through the clearance groove.

[0022] The welding method using the above-mentioned automatic welding device for electric iron accessories includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Pre-welding preparation. Prepare the automatic spot welding machine and place it in front of the workbench. Then, set the corresponding welding parameters according to the welding requirements.

[0024] Step 2: Assembly and positioning. First, the lifting plate is raised by operating the hydraulic cylinder. The lifting plate raises the first eccentric wheel, the second eccentric wheel and the pressing and fixing unit simultaneously to make enough space for placing the clamp. Next, the crossarm to be welded is inserted into the mounting holes at both ends of the crossarm and the positioning column to achieve the positioning of the crossarm. Then, the clamp to be welded is placed on the positioned crossarm, and the ear plates on both sides of the clamp (105) are engaged in the longitudinal limiting groove. The clamp is supported by the support plate, so as to accurately position the clamp in the longitudinal direction.

[0025] Step 3: Centering process. Start the hydraulic cylinder. Its piston end drives the lifting plate to move down. The lifting plate drives the centering coarse adjustment component, the centering fine adjustment component, and the pressing and fixing unit to move down synchronously through the fixed rod and the connecting plate until the positioning plate is tightly attached to the upper surface of the workbench. At this time, the positioning plate plays a positioning role and can quickly determine the accurate position of the first eccentric wheel and the second eccentric wheel.

[0026] Next, start the rotary motor, whose output drives the first rotating shaft to rotate clockwise, which in turn drives the first eccentric wheel and the first gear to rotate clockwise. When the first eccentric wheel rotates to a specific angle, it will push the clamp to move to the top center position of the crossarm, completing the coarse centering adjustment of the clamp. At this time, turn off the rotary motor.

[0027] While the first gear rotates clockwise, it also drives the single-sided rack connected to it to move downward. The single-sided rack drives a pair of double-sided racks to move downward simultaneously through the slide rod and support rod. The pair of double-sided racks then drive a pair of second gears connected to them to rotate counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively. When the first eccentric wheel rotates to a specific angle, the second eccentric wheel also rotates to the corresponding angle. Through the pushing action of the second eccentric wheel, the centering position of the clamp is further finely adjusted.

[0028] Step 4: Press and fix. During the downward movement of the double-sided rack, it also drives the pair of third gears that mesh with it to rotate counterclockwise and clockwise respectively. The third gear drives the pressing plate to rotate towards the support plate through the inclined plate. When the centering adjustment of the clamp is completed, the pressing plate presses against the top of the ear plates on both sides of the clamp to achieve a stable pressing and fixing of the clamp.

[0029] Step 5: Preparing for welding. Based on the weld positions of the clamp and crossarm, set the automatic welding route, then start the welding machine and perform electric welding operations on the weld positions according to the set route.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0031] 1. In this invention, the rotation of the first eccentric wheel allows for coarse adjustment of the clamp's centering position. Simultaneously, the meshing of the single-sided rack with the first gear and the double-sided rack with the second gear enables fine adjustment of the clamp's centering position via the second eccentric wheel, ensuring precise alignment of the clamp with the center of the crossarm and guaranteeing the weld's strength and the overall structural stability. Furthermore, this method effectively avoids weld position misalignment, reducing the risk of crossarm tilting, deformation, or detachment due to poor welding.

[0032] 2. In this invention, the lifting action of the double-sided gear can also drive the rotation of the third gear. The third gear drives the pressing plate to rotate through the inclined plate. At the same time as the clamp is centered and adjusted, the pressing plate can rotate and press against the top of the ear plates on both sides of the clamp, which can improve the stability of the clamp during welding. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic welding device for electric iron accessories according to the present invention, which adjusts the centering of the clamp.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic welding device for electric iron accessories according to the present invention in its initial state.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp support and limiting unit of an automatic welding device for electric iron accessories according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partially enlarged structural diagram.

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural diagram.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first centering adjustment unit of an automatic welding device for electric iron accessories according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second centering adjustment unit of an automatic welding device for electric iron accessories according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the first centering adjustment unit, the second centering adjustment unit, and the pressing and fixing unit of an automatic welding device for electric iron accessories according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing and fixing unit of an automatic welding device for electric iron accessories according to the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 100, Main unit; 101, Workbench; 102, Gantry support; 103, Positioning column; 104, Crossbeam; 105, Clamp; 200, Clamp support and limiting unit; 201, Support plate; 202, Longitudinal limiting groove; 203, Support plate; 300, First centering adjustment unit; 301, Hydraulic cylinder; 302, Lifting plate; 303, Fixed rod; 304, Centering coarse adjustment assembly; 304-1, Motor mounting base; 304-2, Rotary motor; 304-3, First rotating shaft; 304-4, First gear; 304- 5. Positioning plate; 304-6. First eccentric wheel; 400. Second centering adjustment unit; 401. Centering fine adjustment assembly; 401-1. Connecting plate; 401-2. Second rotating shaft; 401-3. Second eccentric wheel; 401-4. Second gear; 402. Fine adjustment drive assembly; 402-1. Slide rod; 402-2. Support rod; 402-3. Double-sided rack; 402-4. Single-sided rack; 500. Pressing and fixing unit; 501. Third rotating shaft; 502. Third gear; 503. Inclined plate; 504. Pressing plate; 505. Clearance groove. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0047] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] Reference Figure 1-8 The first embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic welding device for electric railway accessories, which mainly includes:

[0050] Main unit 100, such as Figure 1 The main unit 100 includes a workbench 101, a gantry bracket 102 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench 101 by bolts, a pair of positioning columns 103 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench 101, a crossbeam 104 adapted to and inserted into the positioning columns 103, and a clamp 105 placed on top of the crossbeam 104. When placing the clamp 105, the bottom arc end of the clamp 105 is placed on top of the crossbeam 104, and the ear plates on both sides of the clamp 105 are placed in the longitudinal limiting groove 202, and the bottom of the ear plates is in contact with the support plate 203.

[0051] The clamp support and limiting unit 200 is symmetrically and spaced at both ends of the crossbeam 104, and its bottom is connected to the upper surface of the workbench 101. It is used to longitudinally limit and support the ear plates on both sides of the clamp 105.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 3 The clamp support and limiting unit 200 includes a support plate 201 that is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench 101 by bolts. The top of the support plate 201 is provided with a longitudinal limiting groove 202 that is adapted to the width of the clamp 105. The bottom wall of the longitudinal limiting groove 202 is laterally fixed with a support plate 203 for supporting the ear plates on both sides of the clamp 105. Through the adaptation between the longitudinal limiting groove 202 and the ear plates of the clamp 105, the clamp 105 can be positioned in the longitudinal direction.

[0053] The first centering adjustment unit 300 is located on the inner side of the arc of the clamp 105 and is connected to the gantry bracket 102. It is used to push the clamp 105 to move and coarsely adjust the centering position of the clamp 105.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 6The first centering adjustment unit 300 includes a pair of hydraulic cylinders 301 fixedly connected to the top of the gantry bracket 102, a lifting plate 302 fixedly connected to the bottom piston end of the hydraulic cylinders 301, a pair of fixed rods 303 fixedly connected to the bottom rear side of the lifting plate 302, and a centering coarse adjustment assembly 304 connected between the pair of fixed rods 303.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 The coarse adjustment component 304 includes a motor mounting base 304-1 fixedly connected between a pair of fixed rods 303, a rotary motor 304-2 fixedly connected to the motor mounting base 304-1 by bolts, a first rotating shaft 304-3 fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary motor 304-2, a pair of first eccentric wheels 304-6 fixedly and spaced outside the first rotating shaft 304-3, a first gear 304-4 located between the pair of eccentric wheels 304-3, and a positioning plate 304-5 fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor mounting base 304-1. In use, a pressure sensor can be embedded in the bottom of the positioning plate 304-5. When the positioning plate 304-5 contacts the top of the workbench 101, the pressure sensor generates pressure and transmits it to the controller. The controller controls the hydraulic cylinder 301 to stop driving the lifting plate 302 to move downward, thereby accurately determining the position of the first eccentric wheel 304-6 and the second eccentric wheel 401-3. The first gear 304-4 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first rotating shaft 304-3. The first gear 304-4 is connected to the second centering adjustment unit 400. A pair of first eccentric wheels 304-6 are located on the lower part of the inner arc of the clamp 105. In addition, the center of the shaft hole of the first eccentric wheel 304-6 is located on the horizontal center line of the clamp 105. In this way, when the first eccentric wheel 304-6 rotates, it is not easy to generate an upward pushing force on the clamp 105, but it will exert a left and right pushing force on the clamp 105. In the initial state, the side farthest from the axis is vertically upward. When the top of the first eccentric wheel 304-6 rotates from vertically upward to vertically downward, the centering position of the clamp 105 can be coarsely adjusted.

[0056] During the rotation of the first eccentric wheel 304-6, the side of the first eccentric wheel 304-6 forms rolling contact with the inner arc surface of the clamp 105. When the first eccentric wheel 304-6 rotates to a specific angle (i.e., the side furthest from the axis is vertically downward and tangent to the bottom of the inner arc of the clamp 105), the clamp 105 moves to the top center of the crossbeam 104, and the line connecting the point of tangency and the axis of the first eccentric wheel 304-6 is perpendicular to the inner arc surface of the clamp 105.

[0057] The second centering adjustment unit 400 is located on the inner side of the arc of the clamp 105 and is connected to the first centering adjustment unit 300. It is used to fine-tune the centering position of the clamp 105.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 7The second centering adjustment unit 400 includes a pair of symmetrically arranged centering fine adjustment components 401 and a fine adjustment drive component 402. The pair of centering fine adjustment components 401 are both located below the lifting plate 302 and connected to the bottom of the lifting plate 302. The fine adjustment drive component 402 is connected to the lifting plate 302, the pair of centering fine adjustment components 401 and the pressing and fixing unit 500.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 The centering and fine-tuning assembly 401 includes a connecting plate 401-1 fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate 302 by bolts, a second rotating shaft 401-2 rotatably connected to the front side of the connecting plate 401-1 by bearings, a pair of second eccentric wheels 401-3 fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second rotating shaft 401-2, and a second gear 401-4 located between the pair of second eccentric wheels 401-3. The second gear 401-4 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second rotating shaft 401-2 and connected to the fine-tuning drive assembly 402. The pair of second eccentric wheels 401-3 are located at a position slightly above the inner arc of the clamp 105. In use, the rotation of the pair of second eccentric wheels 401-3 generates a left-right corrective force on the clamp 105.

[0060] like Figure 4 When the second gear 401-4 and the second eccentric wheel 401-3 are rotated by the fine-tuning drive assembly 402, the side of the second eccentric wheel 401-3 forms a rolling contact with the inner arc surface of the clamp 105. When the second eccentric wheel 401-3 rotates to a specific angle (that is, the line connecting the tangent point and the axis of the second eccentric wheel 401-3 is perpendicular to the inner arc surface of the clamp 105), the clamp 105 moves to the top center of the crossarm 104.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 The fine-tuning drive assembly 402 includes a slide rod 402-1 that slides through the lifting plate 302. A pair of support rods 402-2 are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of both sides of the slide rod 402-1. The pair of support rods 402-2 have an "eight" shaped structure. A double-sided rack 402-3 is vertically fixed to the end of each support rod 402-2 away from the slide rod 402-1. The opposite sides of the pair of double-sided racks 402-3 are respectively meshed with the opposite sides of a pair of second gears 401-4. The other side of the double-sided racks 402-3 is connected to the pressing and fixing unit 500. A single-sided rack 402-4 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the slide rod 402-1. The single-sided rack 402-4 is meshed with the first gear 304-4.

[0062] In summary, when adjusting the centering of clamp 105, the hydraulic cylinder 301 is operated to raise the lifting plate 302. The lifting plate 302 then raises the first eccentric wheel 304-6, the second eccentric wheel 401-3, and the pressing and fixing unit 500 simultaneously, creating sufficient space for placing clamp 105. After clamp 105 and crossbeam 104 are positioned, the hydraulic cylinder 301 is activated, and its piston end moves the lifting plate 302 downward. The lifting plate 302, through the fixing rod 303 and connecting plate 401-1, moves the centering and fixing unit 500. The coarse adjustment component 304, the fine adjustment component 401, and the pressing and fixing unit 500 move downwards synchronously until the positioning plate 304-5 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the workbench 101. At this point, the positioning plate 304-5 plays a positioning role, quickly determining the accurate position of the first eccentric wheel 304-6 and the second eccentric wheel 401-3. Then, the rotary motor 304-2 is started, and its output end drives the first rotating shaft 304-3 to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the first eccentric wheel 304-6 and the second eccentric wheel 401-3 to rotate clockwise. When gear 304-4 rotates clockwise, and the first eccentric wheel 304-6 rotates to a specific angle, it pushes the clamp 105 to move to the top center position of the crossarm 104, completing the coarse centering adjustment of the clamp 105. At this time, the rotary motor 304-2 is turned off. While the first gear 304-4 rotates clockwise, it also drives the single-sided rack 402-4, which is bonded to it, to move downward. The single-sided rack 402-4 drives a pair of double-sided racks 402 through the slide rod 402-1 and the support rod 402-2. -3 moves downwards simultaneously, and the pair of double-sided racks 402-3 drive the pair of second gears 401-4 meshing with them to rotate counterclockwise and clockwise respectively. When the first eccentric wheel 304-6 rotates to a specific angle, the second eccentric wheel 401-3 also rotates to the corresponding angle. Through the pushing action of the second eccentric wheel 401-3, the centering position of the clamp 105 is further finely adjusted, thereby accurately aligning the clamp 105 with the center of the crossarm 104, ensuring the strength of the weld and the stability of the overall structure. In addition, this method can also effectively avoid the problem of welding position misalignment, thereby reducing the risk of the crossarm 104 tilting, deforming or falling off due to poor welding.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Reference Figure 8-9 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the device further includes a pressing and fixing unit 500. The pressing and fixing unit 500 is symmetrically arranged above the clamp 105 and connected to the first centering adjustment unit 300 and the second centering adjustment unit 400. It is used to press and fix the ear plates on both sides of the clamp 105 in the vertical direction.

[0065] Specifically, the pressing and fixing unit 500 includes a third rotating shaft 501 rotatably connected to the front side of the connecting plate 401-1. A third gear 502 is fixedly sleeved on the third rotating shaft 501. The third gear 502 meshes with the side of the double-sided rack 402-3 away from the second gear 401-4. An inclined plate 503 is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft 501 at an angle. A pressing plate 504 is horizontally fixed to the lower end of the inclined plate 503. The pressing plate 504 is adapted to the longitudinal limiting groove 202, and when the clamp 105 is aligned, the pressing plate 504 rotates and presses against the top of the ear plates on both sides of the clamp 105. An obstacle groove 505 is provided on the inclined plate 503, which is connected vertically. The double-sided rack 402-3 is movably inserted through the obstacle groove 505. By providing the obstacle groove 505, the double-sided rack 402-3 can move up and down without obstruction.

[0066] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0067] During use, as the double-sided rack 402-3 moves downward, it simultaneously drives a pair of third gears 502 meshing with it to rotate counterclockwise and clockwise respectively. The third gears 502 drive the pressing plate 504 to rotate towards the support plate 201 via the inclined plate 503. When the centering adjustment of the clamp 105 is completed, the pressing plate 504 presses against the top of the ear plates on both sides of the clamp 105 to achieve a stable pressing and fixing of the clamp 105, thereby further improving the welding quality.

[0068] The welding method using the above-mentioned automatic welding device for electric iron accessories is as follows: Before welding, prepare the automatic spot welding machine and place it in front of the workbench 101. Then, according to the welding requirements, set the corresponding welding parameters. For assembly and positioning, firstly, operate the hydraulic cylinder 301 to drive the lifting plate 302 upwards. The lifting plate 302 drives the first eccentric wheel 304-6, the second eccentric wheel 401-3, and the pressing and fixing unit 500 to rise synchronously, creating sufficient space for placing the clamp 105 (e.g., ...). Figure 2Next, the crossarm 104 to be welded is inserted into the mounting holes at both ends of the crossarm 104 and the positioning post 103 to achieve the positioning of the crossarm 104; then the clamp 105 to be welded is placed on the positioned crossarm 104, and it is ensured that the two ear plates of the clamp 105 are engaged in the longitudinal limiting groove 202, and the clamp 105 is supported by the support plate 203, thereby accurately positioning the clamp 105 in the longitudinal direction; for centering, the hydraulic cylinder 301 is started, and its piston end drives the lifting plate 302 to move down. The lifting plate 302 drives the centering coarse adjustment component 304, the centering fine adjustment component 401 and the pressing plate 401-1 through the fixing rod 303 and the connecting plate 401-1. The pressing and fixing unit 500 moves downwards synchronously until the positioning plate 304-5 is tightly fitted against the upper surface of the workbench 101. At this point, the positioning plate 304-5 plays a positioning role, quickly determining the accurate positions of the first eccentric wheel 304-6 and the second eccentric wheel 401-3. Next, the rotary motor 304-2 is started, and its output end drives the first rotating shaft 304-3 to rotate clockwise, which in turn drives the first eccentric wheel 304-6 and the first gear 304-4 to rotate clockwise. When the first eccentric wheel 304-6 rotates to a specific angle, it pushes the clamp 105 to move to the top center position of the crossbeam 104, completing the roughing of the clamp 105. For centering adjustment, turn off the rotary motor 304-2. While the first gear 304-4 rotates clockwise, it also drives the single-sided rack 402-4, which is bonded to it, to move downwards. The single-sided rack 402-4, through the slide rod 402-1 and the support rod 402-2, drives a pair of double-sided racks 402-3 to move downwards simultaneously. These double-sided racks 402-3 then drive a pair of second gears 401-4, which are meshed with them, to rotate counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively. When the first eccentric wheel 304-6 rotates to a specific angle, the second eccentric wheel 401-3 also rotates to the corresponding angle. Through the pushing action of the second eccentric wheel 401-3, further fine-tuning is achieved. The centering position of the clamp 105; pressing and fixing: during the downward movement of the double-sided rack 402-3, it also drives the pair of third gears 502 meshing with it to rotate counterclockwise and clockwise respectively. The third gears 502 drive the pressing plate 504 to rotate towards the support plate 201 through the inclined plate 503. When the centering adjustment of the clamp 105 is completed, the pressing plate 504 presses against the top of the ear plates on both sides of the clamp 105 to achieve a stable pressing and fixing of the clamp 105; preparing for welding: according to the weld position of the clamp 105 and the crossbeam 104, the automatic welding route is set, and then the welding machine is started to perform electric welding operation on the weld position according to the set route.

[0069] It is worth noting that the entire device is controlled by a controller. Since the controller is a common device and belongs to existing mature technology, its electrical connection relationship and specific circuit structure will not be described in detail here.

[0070] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic welding device for electric iron accessories, characterized in that, include: The main unit (100) includes a workbench (101), a gantry bracket (102) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench (101), a pair of positioning columns (103) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench (101), a crossbeam (104) adapted to be inserted into the positioning columns (103), and a clamp (105) placed on the top of the crossbeam (104). The clamp support limiting unit (200) is symmetrically and spaced at both ends of the crossbeam (104), and its bottom is connected to the upper surface of the workbench (101). It is used to longitudinally limit and support the ear plates on both sides of the clamp (105). The first centering adjustment unit (300) is located on the inner side of the arc of the clamp (105) and connected to the gantry bracket (102). It is used to push the clamp (105) to move and coarsely adjust the centering position of the clamp (105). The second centering adjustment unit (400) is disposed on the inner side of the arc of the clamp (105) and connected to the first centering adjustment unit (300) for fine-tuning the centering position of the clamp (105); Pressing and fixing unit (500), the pressing and fixing unit (500) is symmetrically arranged above the clamp (105) and connected to the first centering adjustment unit (300) and the second centering adjustment unit (400), and is used to press and fix the ear plates on both sides of the clamp (105) in the vertical direction; The second centering adjustment unit (400) includes a pair of symmetrically arranged centering fine adjustment components (401) and a fine adjustment drive component (402). The pair of centering fine adjustment components (401) are both located below the lifting plate (302) and connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (302). The fine adjustment drive component (402) is connected to the lifting plate (302), the pair of centering fine adjustment components (401), and the pressing and fixing unit (500). The centering and fine-tuning assembly (401) includes a connecting plate (401-1) fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (302), a second rotating shaft (401-2) rotatably connected to the front side of the connecting plate (401-1), a pair of second eccentric wheels (401-3) fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating shaft (401-2), and a second gear (401-4) located between the pair of second eccentric wheels (401-3). The second gear (401-4) is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating shaft (401-2) and connected to the fine-tuning drive assembly (402). The pair of second eccentric wheels (401-3) are located at a position slightly above the inner arc of the clamp (105). When the second gear (401-4) and the second eccentric wheel (401-3) are rotated by the fine-tuning drive assembly (402), the side of the second eccentric wheel (401-3) forms a rolling contact with the inner arc surface of the clamp (105). When the second eccentric wheel (401-3) rotates to a specific angle, the clamp (105) moves to the top center of the crossbeam (104), and the line connecting the tangent point and the axis of the second eccentric wheel (401-3) is perpendicular to the inner arc surface of the clamp (105). The fine-tuning drive assembly (402) includes a slide rod (402-1) that slides through the lifting plate (302). A pair of support rods (402-2) are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of both sides of the slide rod (402-1). The pair of support rods (402-2) are in a figure-eight shape. A double-sided rack (402-3) is vertically fixed to the end of each pair of support rods (402-2) away from the slide rod (402-1). The side of the pair of double-sided racks (402-3) that are away from each other is respectively meshed with the opposite side of a pair of second gears (401-4). The other side of the double-sided racks (402-3) is connected to the pressing and fixing unit (500). The bottom end of the slide bar (402-1) is fixedly connected to a single-sided rack (402-4), which meshes with the first gear (304-4).

2. The automatic welding device for electric iron accessories as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp support limiting unit (200) includes a support plate (201) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench (101). The top of the support plate (201) is provided with a longitudinal limiting groove (202) that is adapted to the width of the clamp (105). The bottom wall of the longitudinal limiting groove (202) is laterally fixed with a support plate (203) for supporting the ear plates on both sides of the clamp (105).

3. The automatic welding device for electric railway accessories as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The first centering adjustment unit (300) includes a pair of hydraulic cylinders (301) fixedly connected to the top of the gantry bracket (102), a lifting plate (302) fixedly connected to the bottom piston end of the hydraulic cylinders (301), a pair of fixed rods (303) fixedly connected to the bottom rear side of the lifting plate (302), and a centering coarse adjustment assembly (304) connected between the pair of fixed rods (303).

4. The automatic welding device for electric iron accessories as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The centering coarse adjustment assembly (304) includes a motor mounting base (304-1) fixedly connected between a pair of fixed rods (303), a rotary motor (304-2) fixedly connected to the motor mounting base (304-1), a first rotating shaft (304-3) fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary motor (304-2), a pair of first eccentric wheels (304-6) fixedly and spaced outside the first rotating shaft (304-3), a first gear (304-4) located between the pair of first eccentric wheels (304-6), and a positioning plate (304-5) fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor mounting base (304-1). The first gear (304-4) is fixedly sleeved outside the first rotating shaft (304-3). The first gear (304-4) is connected to the second centering adjustment unit (400). The pair of first eccentric wheels (304-6) are located at a position slightly below the inner arc of the clamp (105). During the rotation of the first eccentric wheel (304-6), the side of the first eccentric wheel (304-6) forms a rolling contact with the inner arc surface of the clamp (105). When the first eccentric wheel (304-6) rotates to a specific angle, the clamp (105) moves to the top center of the crossbeam (104), and the line connecting the tangent point and the axis of the first eccentric wheel (304-6) is perpendicular to the inner arc surface of the clamp (105).

5. The automatic welding device for electric railway accessories as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The pressing and fixing unit (500) includes a third rotating shaft (501) rotatably connected to the front side of the connecting plate (401-1). A third gear (502) is fixedly sleeved on the third rotating shaft (501). The third gear (502) meshes with the side of the double-sided rack (402-3) away from the second gear (401-4). An inclined plate (503) is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft (501). A pressing plate (504) is horizontally fixed to the lower end of the inclined plate (503). The pressing plate (504) is adapted to the longitudinal limiting groove (202). When the clamp (105) is centered, the pressing plate (504) rotates and presses against the top of the ear plates on both sides of the clamp (105).

6. The automatic welding device for electric railway accessories as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The inclined plate (503) has an upper and lower connected clearance groove (505), and the double-sided rack (402-3) is movably connected through the clearance groove (505).

7. The welding method of the automatic welding device for electric railway accessories as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Pre-welding preparation. Prepare the automatic spot welding machine and place it in front of the workbench (101). Then, set the corresponding welding parameters according to the welding requirements. Step 2: Assembly and positioning. First, the lifting plate (302) is raised by operating the hydraulic cylinder (301). The lifting plate (302) drives the first eccentric wheel (304-6), the second eccentric wheel (401-3), and the pressing and fixing unit (500) to rise synchronously, making enough space for placing the clamp (105). Next, the crossarm (104) to be welded is fitted and inserted into the positioning column (103) through the mounting holes at both ends to achieve the positioning of the crossarm (104). Then, the clamp (105) to be welded is placed on the positioned crossarm (104), and the ear plates on both sides of the clamp (105) are engaged in the longitudinal limiting groove (202). The clamp (105) is supported by the support plate (203), thereby accurately positioning the clamp (105) in the longitudinal direction. Step 3: Centering process. Start the hydraulic cylinder (301). Its piston end drives the lifting plate (302) to move down. The lifting plate (302) drives the centering coarse adjustment component (304), the centering fine adjustment component (401), and the pressing and fixing unit (500) to move down synchronously through the fixed rod (303) and the connecting plate (401-1) until the positioning plate (304-5) is tightly attached to the upper surface of the workbench (101). At this time, the positioning plate (304-5) plays a positioning role and can quickly determine the accurate position of the first eccentric wheel (304-6) and the second eccentric wheel (401-3). Next, start the rotary motor (304-2), whose output end drives the first rotating shaft (304-3) to rotate clockwise, which in turn drives the first eccentric wheel (304-6) and the first gear (304-4) to rotate clockwise. When the first eccentric wheel (304-6) rotates to a specific angle, it will push the clamp (105) to move to the top center position of the crossarm (104) to complete the coarse centering adjustment of the clamp (105). At this time, turn off the rotary motor (304-2). While the first gear (304-4) rotates clockwise, it also drives the single-sided rack (402-4) bonded to it to move downward. The single-sided rack (402-4) drives a pair of double-sided racks (402-3) to move downward simultaneously through the slide rod (402-1) and the support rod (402-2). The pair of double-sided racks (402-3) then drive a pair of second gears (401-4) meshing with them to rotate counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively. When the first eccentric wheel (304-6) rotates to a specific angle, the second eccentric wheel (401-3) also rotates to the corresponding angle. Through the pushing action of the second eccentric wheel (401-3), the centering position of the clamp (105) is further fine-tuned. Step 4: Press and fix. During the downward movement of the double-sided rack (402-3), it also drives the pair of third gears (502) meshing with it to rotate counterclockwise and clockwise respectively. The third gears (502) drive the pressing plate (504) to rotate towards the support plate (201) through the inclined plate (503). When the centering adjustment of the clamp (105) is completed, the pressing plate (504) presses against the top of the ear plates on both sides of the clamp (105) to achieve a stable pressing and fixing of the clamp (105). Step 5: Preparing for welding. Based on the weld positions of the clamp (105) and crossarm (104), set the automatic welding route, then start the welding machine and perform electric welding on the weld positions according to the set route.

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