A differential bolt automatic tightening machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic tightening machine for differential bolts, which relates to the technical field of tightening machines and includes a base plate and a tightening assembly. The tightening assembly includes a first bracket, two second brackets, two frame plates, and two tightening shafts. The base plate is provided with a lifting assembly that enables the first bracket to move up and down linearly. The top of the first bracket is provided with a first moving assembly that enables the two second brackets to move laterally. The two frame plates are respectively provided on the two second brackets. The tightening shaft of the present invention adopts a floating design. In the process of moving the tightening shaft downward, the screw head of the bolt will contact part of the contact rod of the tightening head. The screw head of the bolt will contact part of the contact rod. The tightening shaft moves in the horizontal plane until the screw head of the bolt contacts the six contact rods. Since the six contact rods are equidistantly distributed hexagonally on the tightening head, the tightening head and the bolt are now coaxially arranged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tightening machines, in particular to an automatic tightening machine for differential bolts. Background Art

[0002] Tightening the toothed bolts is an important step in the process of press-fitting the gears of automobile differentials. However, this step requires tightening a large number of bolts, which is relatively cumbersome, and there are process requirements for the tightening force and tightening angle of each bolt.

[0003] A search revealed a Chinese patent with authorization publication number CN118905624A, which discloses a novel automotive differential toothed bolt tightening machine. The machine comprises a workbench, a tightening platform, and a tooling platform mounted on the workbench. The tightening platform is located above the tooling platform, while the tooling platform is located below the tightening platform. The machine comprises a differential fixing fixture, a tooling positioning plate, and a rotary table servo motor. The differential fixing fixture is mounted on the tooling positioning plate, which is mounted on the rotary table. The rotary table is connected to the rotary table servo motor, which drives the rotary table servo motor to rotate. This patent achieves compatibility by enabling the use of different differential fixing fixtures to secure different models of differentials.

[0004] Based on the above search and the existing technology, it is found that generally a tightening shaft is provided in the tightening machine to tighten the bolt, but the problem of finding the cap is not considered, that is, how the tightening machine aligns the screw head of the bolt. If the tightening machine is not coaxial with the bolt, the tightening work cannot be completed smoothly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic differential bolt tightening machine to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic differential bolt tightening machine, comprising a base plate and a tightening assembly, wherein the tightening assembly comprises a first bracket, two second brackets, two frame plates and two tightening shafts, the plate surface of the base plate is provided with a lifting assembly for enabling the first bracket to move vertically, the top of the first bracket is provided with a first moving assembly for enabling the two second brackets to move laterally, the two frame plates are respectively provided on the two second brackets, and the outer side of the second bracket is provided with a second moving assembly for enabling the frame plates to move longitudinally;

[0007] Two orthogonally distributed rectangular frames are provided on the top of the square frame plate, and T-shaped guide rails are slidably inserted at both ends of the rectangular frames. The T-shaped guide rails are fixed to the square frame plate, and a fixed block is slidably inserted at the overlap of the two rectangular frames. The top and bottom of the fixed block are fixed with limit frames, and a mounting hole is opened on the top of the fixed block, and the outer side of the tightening shaft is fixedly installed in the mounting hole;

[0008] A tightening head is fixed to the output end of the tightening shaft, and a hexagonal slot is provided at the bottom of the tightening head coaxially with the output end of the tightening shaft, and a feeding assembly is provided below the tightening assembly;

[0009] A sliding groove is provided in the middle position of each of the six surfaces of the inner hexagonal groove, a vertical rod is slidably inserted into the interior of the sliding groove, a recess is provided at the bottom of the vertical rod, and a contact rod is rotatably installed inside the recess, a pulling structure that applies pulling force to one end of the contact rod is provided on one side of the vertical rod, and a pushing structure that applies downward force to each vertical rod is provided on the outer side of the tightening shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a fixed frame fixed to the base plate, a screw elevator is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixed frame, the movable end of the screw elevator is fixed to the first bracket, a third slider is fixed on both sides of the first bracket, a third guide rail adapted to the third slider is fixed on both sides of the fixed frame, and the first bracket is slidably installed on the third guide rail through the third slider.

[0011] Preferably, a group of sprockets are rotatably installed on both sides of the top of the fixed frame, and a chain is provided on each group of sprockets. One end of the chain is fixed to the first bracket, and the other ends of the chains on the two groups of sprockets are jointly fixed with a counterweight box, and a plurality of counterweight plates are placed inside the counterweight box.

[0012] Preferably, the loading assembly includes a conveyor roller and a lifting mechanism, the conveyor roller is a double-track type, and the roller of the conveyor roller is provided with a workpiece placement mechanism, wherein the workpiece placement mechanism includes a pallet and a fixture fixed on the pallet, and the lifting mechanism is arranged below the conveyor roller.

[0013] Preferably, the jacking mechanism includes a bottom bracket fixed to the bottom plate, the bottom bracket is located directly below the tightening assembly, a positioning plate is fixed at the four corners of the top of the bottom bracket, a vertically arranged fourth guide rail is fixed on the outer side of the positioning plate, the track sliding sleeve of the fourth guide rail is provided with a fourth slider adapted thereto, a lifting platform is commonly fixed on the outer sides of the four fourth sliders, a plurality of fifth guide rails are fixed on the top of the bottom bracket, the outer sliding sleeve of the fifth guide rail is provided with a fifth slider adapted thereto, a platform is commonly fixed on the outer side of each of the fifth sliders, an inclined block is fixed at the four corners of the platform, four pulleys are rotatably installed on the bottom of the lifting platform, the wheel surfaces of the four pulleys are respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of the four inclined blocks, a third linear motor is fixed on the top of the bottom bracket, and the moving end of the third linear motor is fixed to the platform.

[0014] Preferably, the tension structure includes a tension spring, which is a double-hook spring. A first hanging groove is provided on the outer side of the vertical rod, and a second hanging groove is provided on the outer side of the contact rod. Both ends of the tension spring are hung in the first hanging groove and the second hanging groove respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the pushing structure includes a ring slidably mounted on the output end of the tightening shaft, the top of each vertical rod is fixed to the ring, and a rotating ring is rotatably installed on the bottom end of the outer shell of the tightening shaft, and a reset spring is fixed to the ring and the rotating ring together.

[0016] Preferably, a limiting plate is fixed on the outer side of the contact rod, and a hook head integrally formed with the contact rod is provided on the top end of the contact rod.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of spring support rods are fixed to the bottom of the first bracket, and a pressure plate is commonly fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of spring support rods.

[0018] Preferably, the first moving assembly includes two first linear motors each fixed to a first bracket, the moving ends of the two first linear motors being fixed to two second brackets respectively, two first sliders being fixed to both sides of the bottom of the two second brackets, and two first guide rails being fixed to the top of the first bracket; the bottom of the second bracket being slidably mounted on the first guide rail via the first sliders;

[0019] Wherein, the second moving assembly includes two second linear motors, and the housings of the two second linear motors are respectively fixed on two second brackets;

[0020] Among them, multiple second guide rails are fixed on one side of the second bracket, and second sliders are slidably installed on the tracks of the second guide rails. A connecting plate is fixed to the outer side of each second slider, and the connecting plate is fixed to the frame plate. The moving end of the second linear motor is fixed to the connecting plate.

[0021] The present invention provides an automatic differential bolt tightening machine through improvements, which has the following improvements and advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] First, the tightening shaft of the present invention adopts a floating design. When the tightening shaft moves downward, the screw head of the bolt will contact part of the contact rods of the tightening head. The tightening shaft moves in the horizontal plane until the screw head of the bolt contacts the six contact rods. Since the six contact rods are equidistantly distributed hexagonally on the tightening head, the tightening head and the bolt are now coaxially arranged.

[0023] Second: The six contact rods of the present invention can rotate, and the six contact rods are respectively located in the middle position of each of the six inner surfaces of the tightening shaft. When the tightening head and the bolt are coaxial, the tightening head continues to move downward, and the bolt head pushes the contact rod to rotate the contact rod until the contact rod is in a vertical state. At this time, the contact rod contacts the six surfaces of the bolt head, and the contact rod drives the output shaft of the tightening shaft to rotate, so that the tightening head can be smoothly put on the bolt head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lifting assembly of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lifting assembly of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the jacking mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the workpiece placement mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tightening assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom area of ​​the first bracket of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tightening shaft of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom end area of ​​the tightening shaft of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tightening head of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical rod, contact rod and tension structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the contact rod of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of the rectangular frame, T-shaped guide rail, fixed block and square frame plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing block and the limiting frame of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] 1. Bottom plate; 2. Conveyor roller; 3. Workpiece placement mechanism; 301. Pallet; 302. Fixture; 4. Tightening assembly; 401. First bracket; 402. Second bracket; 403. First guide rail; 404. First slider; 405. First linear motor; 406. Second guide rail; 407. Second slider; 408. Tightening shaft; 409. Second linear motor; 410. Spring support rod; 411. Press plate; 412. Connecting plate; 413. Rotating ring; 414. Return spring; 415. Collar; 416. Tightening head; 417. Hexagon socket; 418. Vertical rod; 419. First hanging slot; 420. Tension spring; 421. Second hanging slot; 422. Contact Rod; 423, limit plate; 424, hook head; 425, square plate; 426, rectangular frame; 427, T-shaped guide rail; 428, limit frame; 429, fixed block; 430, mounting hole; 5, lifting assembly; 501, fixed frame; 502, screw lift; 503, third slider; 504, third guide rail; 505, chain; 506, sprocket; 507, counterweight box; 6, lifting mechanism; 601, bottom bracket; 602, positioning plate; 603, fourth guide rail; 604, fourth slider; 605, third linear motor; 606, platform; 607, inclined block; 608, fifth slider; 609, fifth guide rail; 610, lifting platform; 611, pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below, clearly and completely describing the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] The present invention provides an automatic differential bolt tightening machine through improvement. The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0043] like Figures 1 to 14As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic differential bolt tightening machine, including a base plate 1 and a tightening assembly 4, the tightening assembly 4 including a first bracket 401, two second brackets 402, two frame plates 425 and two tightening shafts 408, the plate surface of the base plate 1 is provided with a lifting assembly 5 for enabling the first bracket 401 to move up and down linearly, the top of the first bracket 401 is provided with a first moving assembly for enabling the two second brackets 402 to move laterally, the two frame plates 425 are respectively provided on the two second brackets 402, and the outer side of the second bracket 402 is provided with a second moving assembly for enabling the frame plates 425 to move longitudinally;

[0044] Two orthogonal rectangular frames 426 are provided on the top of the frame plate 425. T-shaped guide rails 427 are slidably inserted at both ends of the rectangular frames 426. The T-shaped guide rails 427 are fixed to the frame plate 425. A fixed block 429 is slidably inserted at the overlapping part of the two rectangular frames 426. The top and bottom of the fixed block 429 are fixed with limit frames 428. A mounting hole 430 is opened on the top of the fixed block 429. The outer side of the tightening shaft 408 is fixedly installed in the mounting hole 430. From the above description, it can be seen that the entire fixed block 429 can maintain its original state (the fixed block 429 cannot rotate) and move to any point in the frame of the frame plate 425 in the horizontal plane, that is, the tightening shaft 408 moves to any point in the frame of the frame plate 425 in the horizontal plane;

[0045] The output end of the tightening shaft 408 is fixed with a tightening head 416, and the bottom of the tightening head 416 is provided with a hexagonal slot 417 coaxially arranged with the output end of the tightening shaft 408. A loading assembly for loading materials is provided below the tightening assembly 4;

[0046] The six faces of the inner hexagonal slot 417 are all provided with a sliding groove in the middle position, and a vertical rod 418 is slidably inserted in the inner part of the sliding groove. A notch is provided at the bottom of the vertical rod 418, and a contact rod 422 is rotatably installed in the inner part of the notch. A pulling structure that applies pulling force to one end of the contact rod 422 is provided on one side of the vertical rod 418, and a pushing structure that applies downward force to each vertical rod 418 is provided on the outer side of the tightening shaft 408. In the process of moving the tightening shaft 408 downward, the screw head of the bolt will contact the part of the contact rod 422 of the tightening head 416, and the screw head of the bolt will contact the part of the contact rod 422. 22 contact, the contact rod 422 is forced to drive the entire tightening shaft 408 to move. Since the entire fixed block 429 can maintain its original state (the fixed block 429 cannot rotate) and move to any point in the frame plate 425 in the horizontal plane, the tightening shaft 408 can maintain its original state and move to any point in the frame plate 425 in the horizontal plane until the screw head of the bolt contacts the six contact rods 422. Since the six contact rods 422 are equidistantly distributed hexagonally on the tightening head 416, the tightening head 416 and the bolt are now coaxially arranged.

[0047] Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 2 As shown, the lifting assembly 5 includes a fixed frame 501 fixed to the base plate 1, and a screw lift 502 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixed frame 501. The screw lift 502 here is the existing technology, that is, the moving end is controlled to move up and down by a screw transmission form. The screw lift 502 and the specific structure are not elaborated in detail here. The moving end of the screw lift 502 is fixed to the first bracket 401, and a third slider 503 is fixed on both sides of the first bracket 401. A third guide rail 504 adapted to the third slider 503 is fixed on both sides of the fixed frame 501. The first bracket 401 is slidably mounted on the third guide rail 504 through the third slider 503. The setting of the third slider 503 and the third guide rail 504 is to improve the stability of the movement of the first bracket 401; it can be seen from the above connection relationship that the moving end on the screw lift 502 causes the first bracket 401 to slide up and down on the third guide rail 504.

[0048] Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 3 As shown, a group of sprockets 506 are rotatably installed on both sides of the top of the fixed frame 501, and a chain 505 is provided on each group of sprockets 506. One end of the chain 505 is fixed to the first bracket 401, and the other ends of the chains 505 on the two groups of sprockets 506 are jointly fixed to a counterweight box 507, and a plurality of counterweight plates are placed inside the counterweight box 507; it can be seen from the above connection relationship that the chain 505 on the sprocket 506 is a force-guiding structure, and the gravity of the counterweight box 507 exerts a pulling force on the first bracket 401 through the chain 505. The weight of the counterweight plate is consistent with the weight of the entire tightening assembly 4 or slightly less than the weight of the entire tightening assembly 4, which can reduce the load on the moving end of the screw elevator 502, thereby ensuring that the screw of the screw elevator 502 will not be deformed.

[0049] Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 As shown, the loading assembly includes a conveyor roller 2 and a lifting mechanism 6. The conveyor roller 2 is a double-track type. The conveyor roller 2 is a prior art. The structure is not specifically shown in the figure. The conveyor roller 2 and the specific structure are not described in detail here. At the same time, the model of the conveyor roller 2 is not limited. The roller of the conveyor roller 2 is placed with a workpiece placement mechanism 3, wherein the workpiece placement mechanism 3 includes a tray 301 and a fixture 302 fixed on the tray 301. The fixture 302 is a non-standard part and can be customized according to actual production. Figure 5The figure shows a non-standard structure. The specific structure of the fixture 302 is not limited here, and corresponding replacements can be made. The lifting mechanism 6 is arranged below the conveyor roller 2. It can be seen from the upper connection relationship that the gear and the differential plate are pre-fixed by bolts. At this time, the bolts are only screwed in at one end. This process is a pre-tightening process in the prior art. It is then placed on the fixture 302 of the pallet 301, and the pallet 301 is placed on the roller of the conveyor roller 2. The conveyor roller 2 transports the pallet 301 to the top of the lifting mechanism 6.

[0050] Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 4 As shown, the jacking mechanism 6 includes a bottom bracket 601 fixed to the bottom plate 1, and the bottom bracket 601 is located directly below the tightening component 4. Positioning plates 602 are fixed at the four corners of the top of the bottom bracket 601. A vertically arranged fourth guide rail 603 is fixed on the outer side of the positioning plate 602. The track sliding sleeve of the fourth guide rail 603 is provided with a fourth slider 604 adapted thereto. A lifting platform 610 is fixed to the outer sides of the four fourth sliders 604. The fourth guide rail 603 and the fourth slider 604 are arranged so that the lifting platform 610 can only move up and down relative to the bottom bracket 601; a plurality of fifth guide rails 609 are fixed to the top of the bottom bracket 601, and the outer sliding sleeve of the fifth guide rail 609 is provided with a fifth slider 608 adapted thereto. A platform 606 is fixed to the outer side of each fifth slider 608. The fifth guide rail 609 and the fourth slider 604 are provided with a platform 606. The five sliders 608 are set to enable the platform 606 to move horizontally and linearly only relative to the bottom bracket 601; inclined blocks 607 are fixed at the four corners of the platform 606, and four pulleys 611 are rotatably installed at the bottom of the lifting platform 610. The wheel surfaces of the four pulleys 611 are in contact with the inclined surfaces of the four inclined blocks 607 respectively. A third linear motor 605 is fixed on the top of the bottom bracket 601, and the moving end of the third linear motor 605 is fixed to the platform 606; it can be seen from the upper connection relationship that the third linear motor 605 causes the platform 606 to move horizontally and linearly along the fifth guide rail 609 through the moving end, and the inclined plate on the platform 606 moves with the platform 606, and the pulley 611 at the bottom of the lifting platform 610 moves upward along the inclined surface of the inclined plate. At this time, the lifting platform 610 is lifted up, and the lifting platform 610 pushes the tray 301 away from the roller of the conveyor roller 2.

[0051] Specifically, in conjunction with Figures 9-12As shown, the tension structure includes a tension spring 420, which is a double-hook spring. A first hanging groove 419 is provided on the outer side of the vertical rod 418, and a second hanging groove 421 is provided on the outer side of the contact rod 422. The two ends of the tension spring 420 are respectively hung in the first hanging groove 419 and the second hanging groove 421. The pushing structure includes a collar 415 slidably sleeved on the output end of the tightening shaft 408. The top of each vertical rod 418 is fixed to the collar 415, and a rotating ring 413 is rotatably installed on the bottom end of the outer shell of the tightening shaft 408. A return spring 414 is fixed to the collar 415 and the rotating ring 413 together. It can be seen from the above connection relationship that when the tightening head 416 and the bolt are coaxial, the tightening head 416 continues to move downward, and the screw head of the bolt pushes the contact rod 422 to tighten the screw. Figure 11 For example, the contact rod 422 is rotated counterclockwise until the contact rod 422 is in a vertical state. At this time, the contact rod 422 contacts the six surfaces of the screw head, and the contact rod 422 drives the output shaft of the tightening shaft 408 to rotate, so that the hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416 can be smoothly aligned with the hexagonal screw head of the bolt; a limiting plate 423 is fixed on the outside of the contact rod 422, and the top of the contact rod 422 is provided with a hook head 424 with an integral structure therewith, and the hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416 is aligned with the hexagonal screw head of the bolt, and the tightening head 416 continues to move downward, and the hexagonal screw head of the bolt contacts the contact rod 422 and the hook head 424, thereby pushing the contact rod 422 and the vertical rod 418 to move upward, and the vertical rod 418 pushes the ring 415, and the ring 415 moves upward until the hexagonal screw head of the bolt enters the hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416.

[0052] Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 6 and attached Figure 7As shown, a plurality of spring support rods 410 are fixed to the bottom of the first bracket 401, and a pressure plate 411 is fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of spring support rods 410. The first moving assembly includes two first linear motors 405 fixed to the first bracket 401, and the moving ends of the two first linear motors 405 are respectively fixed to the two second brackets 402. Two first sliders 404 are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the two second brackets 402, and two first guide rails 403 are fixed on the top of the first bracket 401; the bottom of the second bracket 402 is slidably mounted on the first guide rail 403 through the first slider 404; wherein, the second moving assembly includes two second linear motors 409, and the shells of the two second linear motors 409 are respectively fixed to the two second brackets The second bracket 402 is mounted on a bracket 402; wherein, a plurality of second guide rails 406 are fixed on one side of the second bracket 402, and a second slider 407 is slidably installed on the track of the second guide rail 406, and a connecting plate 412 is fixed to the outer side of each second slider 407, and the connecting plate 412 is fixed to the square frame plate 425, and the moving end of the second linear motor 409 is fixed to the connecting plate 412; it can be seen from the above connection relationship that the first linear motor 405 drives the second bracket 402 to move horizontally through the moving end, and the second linear motor 409 drives the connecting plate 412 to move longitudinally through the moving end, and the square frame 425 on the connecting plate 412 moves synchronously with the connecting plate 412, so that the output shaft of the tightening shaft 408 on the frame plate 425 is roughly aligned with the bolt.

[0053] To supplement the above, the first linear motor 405, the second linear motor 409 and the third linear motor 605 are all existing technologies. The first linear motor 405, the second linear motor 409 and the third linear motor 605 are not described in detail or their specific structures are described here. At the same time, the models of the first linear motor 405, the second linear motor 409 and the third linear motor 605 are not limited.

[0054] Working principle: The gear and the differential plate are pre-fixed by bolts. At this time, the bolts are only screwed in at one end. This process is a pre-tightening process in the existing technology. Then, the pallet 301 is placed on the fixture 302. The pallet 301 is placed on the roller conveyor 2. The conveyor roller conveyor 2 transports the pallet 301 to the top of the lifting mechanism 6.

[0055] The third linear motor 605 moves the platform 606 horizontally and linearly along the fifth guide rail 609 through its movable end. The inclined plate on the platform 606 moves along with the platform 606. The pulley 611 at the bottom of the lifting platform 610 moves upward along the inclined surface of the inclined plate. At this time, the lifting platform 610 is lifted up, and the lifting platform 610 pushes the tray 301 off the roller of the conveyor roller 2.

[0056] The first linear motor 405 drives the second bracket 402 to move horizontally through the moving end, and the second linear motor 409 drives the connecting plate 412 to move longitudinally through the moving end. The frame plate 425 on the connecting plate 412 moves synchronously with the connecting plate 412, so that the output shaft of the tightening shaft 408 on the frame plate 425 is roughly aligned with the bolt;

[0057] The moving end of the screw lift 502 causes the first bracket 401 to slide downward. At this time, the pressure plate 411 contacts the differential, and the spring branch rod is compressed, generating a reaction force, causing the pressure plate 411 to press the differential.

[0058] The tightening shaft 408 continues to move downward. In the process of moving the tightening shaft 408 downward, the screw head of the bolt will contact part of the contact rod 422 of the tightening head 416. The screw head of the bolt will contact part of the contact rod 422. The contact rod 422 is forced to drive the entire tightening shaft 408 to move. Since the entire fixing block 429 can maintain its original state (the fixing block 429 cannot rotate) and move to any point in the frame 425 in the horizontal plane, the tightening shaft 408 can maintain its original state and move to any point in the frame 425 in the horizontal plane until the screw head of the bolt contacts the six contact rods 422. Since the six contact rods 422 are equidistantly distributed hexagonally on the tightening head 416, the tightening head 416 and the bolt are now coaxially arranged.

[0059] When the tightening head 416 is coaxial with the bolt, the tightening head 416 continues to move downward, and the screw head of the bolt pushes the contact rod 422 to Figure 11 For example, the contact rod 422 is rotated counterclockwise until the contact rod 422 is in a vertical state. At this time, the contact rod 422 contacts the six surfaces of the screw head. The contact rod 422 drives the output shaft of the tightening shaft 408 to rotate, so that the inner hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416 can be smoothly aligned with the hexagonal screw head of the bolt. The inner hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416 is aligned with the hexagonal screw head of the bolt. The tightening head 416 continues to move downward, and the hexagonal screw head of the bolt contacts the contact rod 422 and the hook head 424, thereby pushing the contact rod 422 and the vertical rod 418 to move upward. The vertical rod 418 pushes the collar 415, and the collar 415 moves upward until the hexagonal screw head of the bolt enters the inner hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416, and then the tightening work begins.

[0060] After the tightening is completed, the tightening shaft 408 and the lifting platform 610 are reset, and the conveyor roller 2 transports a new pallet 301 and places it directly above the lifting mechanism 6, and the above steps are repeated.

[0061] The above description is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A differential bolt automatic tightening machine, comprising a base plate (1) and a tightening assembly (4), characterized in that: The tightening assembly (4) comprises a first bracket (401), two second brackets (402), two square frame plates (425) and two tightening shafts (408); the plate surface of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a lifting assembly (5) for enabling the first bracket (401) to move linearly up and down; the top of the first bracket (401) is provided with a first moving assembly for enabling the two second brackets (402) to move laterally; the two square frame plates (425) are respectively provided on the two second brackets (402); and the outer side of the second bracket (402) is provided with a second moving assembly for enabling the square frame plates (425) to move longitudinally; Two orthogonally distributed rectangular frames (426) are provided on the top of the square frame plate (425), and T-shaped guide rails (427) are slidably inserted at both ends of the rectangular frames (426). The T-shaped guide rails (427) are fixed to the square frame plate (425). A fixed block (429) is slidably inserted at the overlap of the two rectangular frames (426), and the top and bottom of the fixed block (429) are fixed with a limit frame (428). A mounting hole (430) is opened on the top of the fixed block (429), and the outer side of the tightening shaft (408) is fixedly installed in the mounting hole (430); A tightening head (416) is fixed to the output end of the tightening shaft (408), and a hexagonal slot (417) coaxially arranged with the output end of the tightening shaft (408) is provided at the bottom of the tightening head (416), and a feeding assembly is provided below the tightening assembly (4); A sliding groove is provided at the middle position of each of the six surfaces of the inner hexagonal groove (417), and a vertical rod (418) is slidably inserted into the interior of the sliding groove. A notch is provided at the bottom of the vertical rod (418), and a contact rod (422) is rotatably installed inside the notch. A pulling structure for applying a pulling force to one end of the contact rod (422) is provided on one side of the vertical rod (418), and a pushing structure for applying a downward force to each vertical rod (418) is provided on the outer side of the tightening shaft (408).

2. The automatic differential bolt tightening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (5) includes a fixed frame (501) fixed to the base plate (1), a screw lift (502) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixed frame (501), a movable end of the screw lift (502) is fixed to the first bracket (401), a third slider (503) is fixed on both sides of the first bracket (401), a third guide rail (504) adapted to the third slider (503) is fixed on both sides of the fixed frame (501), and the first bracket (401) is slidably mounted on the third guide rail (504) via the third slider (503).

3. The automatic differential bolt tightening machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A group of sprockets (506) are rotatably mounted on both sides of the top of the fixed frame (501), and a chain (505) is sleeved on each group of sprockets (506). One end of the chain (505) is fixed to the first bracket (401), and the other ends of the chains (505) on the two groups of sprockets (506) are commonly fixed to a counterweight box (507), and a plurality of counterweight plates are placed inside the counterweight box (507).

4. The automatic differential bolt tightening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading assembly comprises a conveyor roller (2) and a lifting mechanism (6); the conveyor roller (2) is a double-track type; a workpiece placement mechanism (3) is placed on the roller of the conveyor roller (2); wherein the workpiece placement mechanism (3) comprises a tray (301) and a fixture (302) fixed on the tray (301); and the lifting mechanism (6) is arranged below the conveyor roller (2).

5. The automatic differential bolt tightening machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (6) includes a bottom bracket (601) fixed to the bottom plate (1), the bottom bracket (601) is located directly below the tightening assembly (4), and positioning plates (602) are fixed at the four corners of the top of the bottom bracket (601). A fourth guide rail (603) is fixed vertically on the outside of the positioning plate (602), and a track sliding sleeve of the fourth guide rail (603) is provided with a fourth slider (604) adapted thereto. A lifting platform (610) is fixed to the outside of the four fourth sliders (604), and a plurality of fifth guide rails (603) are fixed on the top of the bottom bracket (601). 9), the outer sliding sleeve of the fifth guide rail (609) is provided with a fifth slider (608) adapted thereto, and a platform (606) is fixed to the outer side of each of the fifth sliders (608), and inclined blocks (607) are fixed at the four corners of the platform (606), and four pulleys (611) are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the lifting platform (610), and the wheel surfaces of the four pulleys (611) are in contact with the inclined surfaces of the four inclined blocks (607) respectively, and a third linear motor (605) is fixed to the top of the bottom bracket (601), and the moving end of the third linear motor (605) is fixed to the platform (606).

6. The automatic differential bolt tightening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension structure includes a tension spring (420), which is a double-hook spring. A first hanging groove (419) is provided on the outer side of the vertical rod (418), and a second hanging groove (421) is provided on the outer side of the contact rod (422). Both ends of the tension spring (420) are respectively hung in the first hanging groove (419) and the second hanging groove (421).

7. The automatic differential bolt tightening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing structure includes a collar (415) slidably mounted on the output end of the tightening shaft (408), the top end of each vertical rod (418) is fixed to the collar (415), and a rotating ring (413) is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the outer shell of the tightening shaft (408), and a return spring (414) is fixed to the collar (415) and the rotating ring (413) together.

8. The automatic differential bolt tightening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting plate (423) is fixed on the outside of the contact rod (422), and a hook head (424) integrally formed with the contact rod (422) is provided at the top end.

9. The automatic differential bolt tightening machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of spring support rods (410) are fixed to the bottom of the first bracket (401), and a pressing plate (411) is commonly fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of spring support rods (410).

10. The automatic differential bolt tightening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first moving assembly comprises two first linear motors (405) both fixed to the first bracket (401), the moving ends of the two first linear motors (405) are respectively fixed to the two second brackets (402), two first sliders (404) are fixed to both sides of the bottom of the two second brackets (402), and two first guide rails (403) are fixed to the top of the first bracket (401); the bottom of the second bracket (402) is slidably mounted on the first guide rail (403) via the first slider (404); The second moving assembly comprises two second linear motors (409), and the housings of the two second linear motors (409) are respectively fixed on two second brackets (402); A plurality of second guide rails (406) are fixed on one side of the second bracket (402), a second slider (407) is slidably mounted on the track of the second guide rail (406), a connecting plate (412) is fixed to the outer side of each second slider (407), the connecting plate (412) is fixed to the frame plate (425), and the moving end of the second linear motor (409) is fixed to the connecting plate (412).

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