A direct-connected spindle tool change protection system and its working method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of machining center spindles, and particularly to a direct-coupled spindle tool change protection system and its working method, including: a fixed seat, which is fixedly arranged independently; a mandrel, which rotates within the fixed seat; a pull rod, which slides in the center of the mandrel; a tool pull claw, which is arranged at one end of the pull rod extending into the mandrel; a first oil cavity, which is arranged at the end of the mandrel; a second oil cavity, which is arranged on the side wall of the mandrel, and when the pull rod performs a tool pulling action, the volume of the second oil cavity decreases; when the pull rod performs a tool loosening action, the volume of the second oil cavity increases; a main oil circuit, which connects the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity; a pressure piston, which slides within the first oil cavity; a pressure spring, which is arranged within the first oil cavity; a limit branch circuit, one end of which is connected to the main oil circuit and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the mandrel; a limit piston, which slides within the limit branch circuit, and one end of which extends into the interior of the mandrel for abutting against the side surface of the tool pull claw. The present invention can effectively solve the problem that the tool of the existing spindle is prone to falling off during tool loosening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machining center spindles, and in particular to a direct-connected spindle tool-changing protection system and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A direct-coupled spindle is a spindle structure in which the motor is directly connected to the spindle. It realizes a compact structure and an efficient driving mode, and is particularly suitable for use in high-speed, high-precision machining centers. In the existing direct-coupled spindle structure, the tool is usually fixed by pulling the pull rod to make the tool claw clamp the tool handle at the tail of the tool; the tool claw is pushed forward by the pull rod to release the clamping of the tool handle, thereby realizing the tool change. The push action of the pull rod will bring a certain impact force to the spindle. When the tool is released during tool change, since the tool claw has been released, this impact force is likely to cause the tool to fall, causing damage to the tool. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a direct-connected spindle tool change protection system and a working method thereof, which can effectively solve the problem in the background technology that the tool is easy to fall off when the tool is released.

[0004] The present invention provides a direct-connected spindle tool change protection system, comprising:

[0005] Fixed seat, independent fixed setting;

[0006] A mandrel, which rotates in a fixed seat;

[0007] A pull rod slides axially at the center of the mandrel; one end of the pull rod extends into the mandrel;

[0008] The broach claw is arranged at the end of the drawbar extending into the mandrel;

[0009] A first oil chamber is arranged at the end of the core shaft;

[0010] The second oil chamber is arranged on the side wall of the mandrel, and when the pull rod performs a tool-pulling action, the volume of the second oil chamber decreases; when the pull rod performs a tool-loosening action, the volume of the second oil chamber increases;

[0011] A main oil circuit, connecting the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber;

[0012] A pressure piston slides in the first oil chamber;

[0013] A pressure spring is arranged in the first oil chamber and is located on a side of the pressure piston away from the main oil circuit;

[0014] A limit branch, one end of which is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the core shaft;

[0015] The limiting piston slides in the limiting branch, and one end of the limiting piston extends into the interior of the core shaft to abut against the side surface of the broaching claw.

[0016] Furthermore, the first oil cavity communicates with the end face of the mandrel, and a first plug screwed in with a thread is provided at the communicating end; one end of the pressure spring abuts against the first plug, and the other end abuts against the pressure piston.

[0017] Furthermore, it further includes a follow-up branch, one end of which communicates with the main oil passage, and the other end communicates with the inner wall of the mandrel;

[0018] It further includes a follow-up piston that slides at one end of the follow-up branch communicating with the inner wall of the mandrel; and one end of the follow-up piston extends into the interior of the mandrel;

[0019] A second oil cavity is formed at one end of the follow-up branch close to the main oil passage;

[0020] An action block extending radially outward is provided on the side surface of the pull rod, and the action block abuts against the end face of the follow-up piston; a slope gradually approaching the pull rod is further provided on the abutting surface of the action block in the direction away from the broach claw.

[0021] Furthermore, the follow-up piston is further provided with a limit block extending towards the pull rod, and the side surface of the limit block fits with the side surface of the action block.

[0022] Furthermore, a through groove is axially opened in the action block along the pull rod;

[0023] It further includes a movable block that slides axially along the side surface of the pull rod, and one end of the movable block away from the broach claw extends into the through groove; the other end of the movable block is provided with an abutting surface for abutting against one end of the action block facing the broach claw;

[0024] A limit retaining ring is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the mandrel;

[0025] It further includes a movable spring provided between the limit retaining ring and the movable block;

[0026] When broaching, one end of the movable block away from the broach claw is located at the middle section of the slope;

[0027] When releasing the tool, one end of the movable block away from the broach claw is located on the side surface of the follow-up piston.

[0028] Furthermore, a limit groove extending axially is opened on the side surface of the pull rod; the side surface of the movable block extends into the limit groove.

[0029] Furthermore, an installation groove extending axially is opened on the inner side surface of the mandrel, and the action block extends into the installation groove.

[0030] Furthermore, one end of the limit branch communicates with the outer side surface of the mandrel, and a second plug is provided at the communicating end.

[0031] Furthermore, it further includes a protection branch, one end of which communicates with the end face of the mandrel, and the other end communicates with the main oil passage;

[0032] A protection piston that slides in the protection branch and one end extends to the outside of the end face of the mandrel.

[0033] The present invention also provides a working method for a direct-connected spindle tool changing protection system, which is used for the above-mentioned direct-connected spindle tool changing protection system, and includes:

[0034] When pulling the tool, the pull rod moves to make the tool pulling claw move towards the inner direction of the mandrel. As the pull rod moves, the volume of the second oil cavity decreases, and the oil fluid is squeezed into the first oil cavity, causing the pressure piston to move and compress the pressure spring, increasing the oil pressure in the main oil circuit and making the limit piston unable to move;

[0035] When loosening the tool, the pull rod moves to make the tool pulling claw move towards the outer direction of the mandrel. As the pull rod moves, the volume of the second oil cavity increases, causing the pressure spring to release and push the pressure piston to make the oil fluid flow into the second oil cavity, reducing the oil pressure in the main oil circuit; When changing the tool, as the tool goes in and out, the limit piston retracts under the external force. The movement of the limit piston will cause the oil fluid in the limit branch to enter the main oil circuit, and then flow into the first oil cavity to compress the pressure spring. After the tool is taken away or placed properly, the pressure spring releases and pushes the oil fluid back into the limit branch, making the limit piston extend again.

[0036] Through the technical solution of the present invention, the following technical effects can be achieved:

[0037] Through the above protection system, it can be ensured that the tool will not fall off by itself during tool changing of this spindle structure. The tool pulling claw can only open when the tool taking device actively clamps the tool, thus effectively protecting the tool and avoiding accidental tool dropping. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the direct-connected spindle tool changing protection system in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is an enlarged structural view of the direct-connected spindle tool changing protection system in the present invention when pulling the tool;

[0041] Figure 3 It is an enlarged structural view of the direct-connected spindle tool changing protection system in the present invention when loosening the tool;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural view of the mandrel in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural view of the pull rod in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is an enlarged view of the structure of the action block and the movable block during broach pulling in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of the structure of the action block and the movable block during broach loosening in the present invention;

[0046] Reference numerals: 1, fixed seat; 2, mandrel; 21, limit retaining ring; 22, mounting groove; 3, pull rod; 31, action block; 31a, inclined surface; 32, movable block; 33, movable spring; 34, limit groove; 4, broach claw; 51, first oil chamber; 52, pressure piston; 53, pressure spring; 54, first plug; 61, second oil chamber; 62, follow-up branch; 63, follow-up piston; 63a, limit block; 7, main oil circuit; 81, limit branch; 82, limit piston; 83, second plug; 91, protection branch; 92, protection piston. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0050] Basic structure of a directly coupled spindle Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0051] A fixed seat 1, independently and fixedly installed on the ground or the processing center frame;

[0052] A mandrel 2, rotating inside the fixed seat 1;

[0053] The drawbar 3 slides axially along the center of the mandrel 2; one end of the drawbar 3 extends into the mandrel 2;

[0054] The broach claw 4 is arranged at one end of the drawbar 3 extending into the mandrel 2 and moves along with the drawbar 3;

[0055] When the direct-coupled spindle is working, the other ends of the mandrel 2 and the drawbar 3 will be connected to a power source that drives their rotation and pushes the drawbar 3 to slide. To ensure the fixation of the tool, the broach claw 4 will first clamp the tool shank, and then the drawbar 3 will push the broach claw 4 a certain distance in the direction of the mandrel 2. The outer side of the broach claw 4 will abut against the limiting surface on the inner wall of the mandrel 2, preventing the broach claw 4 from opening, thus fixing the tool shank, enabling the drawbar 3 to hold the tool, and making the taper surface of the tool shank fit with the taper surface at the end of the mandrel 2 to complete the broach fixation.

[0056] When changing the tool, the drawbar 3 will first push the broach claw 4 a certain distance in the direction of the outside of the mandrel 2. At this time, the outer side of the broach claw 4 will separate from the limiting surface on the inner wall of the mandrel 2, allowing the broach claw 4 to open, so that the tool shank can enter and exit the broach claw 4. However, it can be seen that at this time, since the broach claw 4 has no structural restriction, gravity, air flow (air curtain set to prevent waste chips from entering), etc. will cause the broach claw 4 to open and not automatically close. Therefore, it cannot restrict the tool at this time, and the tool is likely to fall from the spindle and be damaged.

[0057] To solve the above problems, on the basis of the basic structure of the direct-coupled spindle, a tool change protection system for the direct-coupled spindle is also designed, as Figures 2 - 7 shown, including:

[0058] The first oil chamber 51 is arranged at the end of the mandrel 2;

[0059] The second oil chamber 61 is arranged on the side wall of the mandrel 2. When the drawbar 3 performs the broaching action and pushes the broach claw 4 in the direction of the mandrel 2, the volume of the second oil chamber 61 will decrease; when the drawbar 3 performs the tool release action and pushes the broach claw 4 in the direction of the outside of the mandrel 2, the volume of the second oil chamber 61 will increase;

[0060] The main oil passage 7 connects the first oil chamber 51 and the second oil chamber 61;

[0061] The pressure piston 52 slides in the first oil chamber 51;

[0062] The pressure spring 53 is arranged in the first oil chamber 51 and is located on the side of the pressure piston 52 away from the main oil passage 7;

[0063] The limiting branch 81 has one end connected to the main oil passage 7 and the other end connected to the inner wall of the mandrel 2;

[0064] The limit piston 82 slides in the limit branch 81, and one end extends into the core shaft 2 to be used for abutting against the side surface of the broach claw 4;

[0065] When the protection system works, the oil cavities and oil circuits will be filled with oil.

[0066] The specific working method and principle of this protection system are as follows:

[0067] When broaching, as Figure 2 shown, the movement of the draw bar 3 causes the broach claw 4 to move towards the inside of the core shaft 2. As the draw bar 3 moves, the volume of the second oil cavity 61 will decrease, and the oil in the second oil cavity 61 will be extruded and then squeezed into the first oil cavity 51 through the main oil circuit 7; in the first oil cavity 51, as the oil increases, the pressure piston 52 will move to compress the pressure spring 53, and the pressure exerted by the pressure spring 53 on the oil will increase, thereby increasing the oil pressure in the main oil circuit 7 and each branch, and the oil pressure presses the limit piston 82 so that the limit piston 82 cannot move.

[0068] When loosening the tool, as Figure 3 shown, the movement of the draw bar 3 causes the broach claw 4 to move towards the outside of the core shaft 2. As the draw bar 3 moves, the volume of the second oil cavity 61 will increase, causing the pressure spring 53 to release and push the pressure piston 52 to extrude the oil from the first oil cavity 51, and the oil will flow into the second oil cavity 61 through the main oil circuit 7. Due to the release of the pressure spring 53, the pressure it exerts on the oil will also decrease, reducing the oil pressure in the main oil circuit 7 and each branch. At this time, the pressure of the oil on the limit piston 82 will be relatively small, enabling the limit piston 82 to abut against the side surface of the broach claw 4 to prevent it from naturally opening, thereby clamping the tool so that the tool will not fall.

[0069] When changing the tool, as the tool enters and exits, the broach claw 4 will open, and its side surface will push the limit piston 82. The limit piston 82 will retract under the external force. The movement of the limit piston 82 will cause the oil in the limit branch 81 to enter the main oil circuit 7 and then flow into the first oil cavity 51 to compress the pressure spring 53; after the tool is taken away or placed properly, the tool holder will no longer exert a thrust on the broach claw 4, that is, the limit piston 82 will no longer be subjected to an external thrust, and the pressure spring 53 will be released to push the oil back into the limit branch 81, causing the limit piston 82 to extend again and immediately push the broach claw 4 back to the closed state.

[0070] Through the above protection system, it can be ensured that the tool will not fall by itself during tool change. The broach claw 4 can only be opened when the tool picking device actively clamps the tool, thereby effectively protecting the tool and avoiding accidental tool dropping.

[0071] Preferably, the first oil chamber 51 is communicated with the end face of the mandrel 2, and a first plug 54 screwed in is arranged at one end of the first oil chamber 51 communicated with the end face of the mandrel 2; one end of the pressure spring 53 abuts against the first plug 54, and the other end abuts against the pressure piston 52. By adjusting the depth of the first plug 54 screwed into the first oil chamber 51, the compression degree of the pressure spring 53 can be controlled, so that the oil pressure in the protection system can be adjusted, and the protection system can adapt to more usage occasions. Preferably, the first oil chamber 51 is arranged in a form that its axis is parallel to the axial direction of the mandrel 2, so that the first oil chamber 51 can obtain a larger volume by increasing the length, so that the adjustment range of the first plug 54 is increased, and further the magnitude of the oil pressure can be controlled more precisely.

[0072] The simplest implementation of the variable second oil chamber 61 is achieved by externally installing a control system. However, since the mandrel 2 itself needs to rotate, there will be problems such as wiring entanglement in the externally connected control system, and there is also a requirement that the volume change of the second oil chamber 61 is opposite to the movement direction of the pull rod 3 (that is, when the pull rod 3 moves towards the main oil path 7, the volume of the second oil chamber 61 needs to increase). Therefore, a simple piston push structure is also difficult to implement. Therefore, the protection system proposes a special implementation structure, such as Figures 2 - 3 shown, including:

[0073] A follow-up branch 62, one end is communicated with the main oil path 7, and the other end is communicated with the inner wall of the mandrel 2;

[0074] A follow-up piston 63 slides at one end of the follow-up branch 62 communicated with the inner wall of the mandrel 2; and one end of the follow-up piston 63 extends into the mandrel 2;

[0075] The end of the follow-up branch 62 close to the main oil path 7 forms a second oil chamber 61;

[0076] An action block 31 extending radially outward is arranged on the side surface of the pull rod 3, and the action block 31 abuts against the end face of the follow-up piston 63; a slope 31a gradually approaching the pull rod 3 along the direction away from the tool pulling claw 4 is also arranged on the abutting surface of the action block 31.

[0077] The specific working process and principle of this structure are as follows:

[0078] When pulling the tool, as Figure 2 shown, the pull rod 3 drives the tool pulling claw 4 to move outward, the action block 31 moves along with the pull rod 3, and at the contact position between the follow-up piston 63 and the slope 31a, it will move from the end of the slope 31a close to the pull rod 3 to the end of the slope 31a away from the pull rod 3, so that the follow-up piston 63 moves in the direction away from the pull rod 3, realizing the reduction of the second oil chamber 61.

[0079] When loosening the tool, as Figure 3As shown in the figure, the pull rod 3 drives the broach claw 4 to move inwards. The action block 31 moves along with the pull rod 3. At the contact between the follower piston 63 and the inclined surface 31a, it will move from the end of the inclined surface 31a far from the pull rod 3 to the end of the inclined surface 31a close to the pull rod 3, so that the follower piston 63 moves towards the direction close to the pull rod 3, realizing the increase of the second oil cavity 61.

[0080] To ensure that the follower piston 63 and the action block 31 can be closely fitted and avoid dislocation, it is preferably provided with a limiting block 63a extending towards the pull rod 3 on the follower piston 63. The side surface of the limiting block 63a is in contact with the side surface of the action block 31 to prevent the follower piston 63 from shaking.

[0081] If the broach claw 4 can be opened before the pull rod 3 moves in place, then when the pull rod 3 is in place, the impact between components is likely to cause the broach claw 4 to become loose and the tool to fall. To avoid this situation, as Figure 5 shown, the protection system is also designed with the following structure:

[0082] The action block 31 is provided with a through groove along the axial direction of the pull rod 3;

[0083] It also includes a movable block 32 on the side surface of the pull rod 3 and sliding along the axial direction of the pull rod 3. One end of the movable block 32 far from the broach claw 4 extends into the through groove; the other end of the movable block 32 is provided with an abutting surface for abutting against one end of the action block 31 facing the broach claw 4;

[0084] A limiting retaining ring 21 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the mandrel 2;

[0085] It also includes a movable spring 33 arranged between the limiting retaining ring 21 and the movable block 32;

[0086] When broaching, one end of the movable block 32 far from the broach claw 4 is located at the middle section of the inclined surface 31a and is higher than the inclined surface 31a;

[0087] When loosening the tool, one end of the movable block 32 far from the broach claw 4 is located on the side surface of the follower piston 63.

[0088] The specific working process and principle of this structure are as follows:

[0089] When loosening the tool, as Figure 7 shown, the action block 31 will push the movable block 32 to move together. When moving to the inclined surface 31a, since the movable block 32 is higher than the inclined surface 31a, the follower piston 63 cannot act under the restriction of the movable block 32 until the pull rod 3 moves in place and the action block 31 pushes the movable block 32 to completely stagger the follower piston 63 and the movable block 32. At this time, the follower piston 63 can act to realize the increase of the second oil cavity 61, and at this time the pull rod 3 has moved in place, and there will no longer be an impact of the action affecting the tool safety.

[0090] When broaching, as Figure 6 shown, in the initial stage of the movement of the pull rod 3, due to the extension of the follower piston 63, it will resist the side of the movable block 32 and prevent it from moving. At this time, only the action block 31 will move with the pull rod 3, and the inclined surface 31a gradually pushes the follower piston 63 back, realizing the reduction of the second oil chamber 61 until the follower piston 63 retracts in place. At this time, the follower piston 63 no longer restricts the side of the movable block 32, and under the push of the movable spring 33, the movable block 32 will return to the end face of the follower piston 63 again.

[0091] Preferably, a limiting groove 34 extending axially is formed on the side surface of the pull rod 3, and the side surface of the movable block 32 extends into the limiting groove 34, so as to limit the movement track of the movable block 32 and prevent the movable block 32 from being skewed.

[0092] Preferably, an installation groove 22 extending axially is formed on the inner side surface of the mandrel 2, and the action block 31 extends into the installation groove 22, so as to limit the movement track of the action block 31 and ensure the contact between the action block 31 and the follower piston 63.

[0093] In order to facilitate the installation of the limiting piston 82, preferably, one end of the limiting branch 81 communicates with the outer side surface of the mandrel 2, and the limiting piston 82 can be placed into the limiting branch 81 from here, and then a second plug 83 is installed at the communicating end of the limiting branch 81 and the outer side surface of the mandrel 2 to ensure the sealing of the oil circuit.

[0094] In order to further improve the protection performance of the tool, this protection system is also provided with:

[0095] A protection branch 91, one end communicating with the end face of the mandrel 2 and the other end communicating with the main oil circuit 7;

[0096] A protection piston 92, sliding in the protection branch 91 and one end extending outside the end face of the mandrel 2.

[0097] When broaching, or when the pull rod 3 is not in place during the tool loosening process, due to the large oil pressure, the protection piston 92 cannot retract inward. Under the restriction of the protection piston 92, the tool taking device cannot approach the tool, so the tool taking action cannot be performed.

[0098] During the tool change process, when the tool taking device approaches the tool, it will push the protection piston 92 back into the protection branch 91, slightly increasing the oil pressure in the main oil circuit 7, and further making the limiting effect of the limiting piston 82 on the broaching claw 4 more obvious, preventing the tool taking device from hitting the tool and causing it to accidentally fall, thereby further protecting the tool.

[0099] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only to illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A direct-connected spindle tool change protection system, characterized in that: include: A fixing seat (1), independently fixedly arranged; A core shaft (2) rotates in the fixing seat (1); A pull rod (3) slides axially at the center of the core shaft (2); one end of the pull rod (3) extends into the core shaft (2); A broach claw (4) is arranged on one end of the draw rod (3) extending into the mandrel (2); A first oil chamber (51) is arranged at the end of the core shaft (2); A second oil chamber (61) is arranged on the side wall of the mandrel (2), and when the pull rod (3) performs a tool-pulling action, the volume of the second oil chamber (61) decreases; when the pull rod (3) performs a tool-loosening action, the volume of the second oil chamber (61) increases; A main oil passage (7) communicating with the first oil chamber (51) and the second oil chamber (61); A follower branch (62), one end of which is connected to the main oil circuit (7) and the other end of which is connected to the inner wall of the core shaft (2); the second oil chamber (61) is formed at one end of the follower branch (62) close to the main oil circuit (7); A follower piston (63) slides at one end of the follower branch (62) connected to the inner wall of the core shaft (2); and one end of the follower piston (63) extends into the interior of the core shaft (2); A pressure piston (52) slides in the first oil chamber (51); A pressure spring (53) is arranged in the first oil chamber (51) and is located on a side of the pressure piston (52) away from the main oil circuit (7); A limit branch (81), one end of which is connected to the main oil circuit (7) and the other end of which is connected to the inner wall of the core shaft (2); A limiting piston (82) slides in the limiting branch (81), and one end of the limiting piston extends into the interior of the core shaft (2) to abut against the side of the broaching claw (4); Wherein, an action block (31) extending radially outward is arranged on the side of the pull rod (3), and the action block (31) abuts against the end surface of the follower piston (63); and an inclined surface (31a) is also arranged on the abutting surface of the action block (31) which gradually approaches the pull rod (3) in a direction away from the broaching claw (4).

2. The direct-connected spindle tool change protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first oil chamber (51) is connected to the end face of the core shaft (2), and a first plug (54) screwed into the connection end is provided; one end of the pressure spring (53) abuts against the first plug (54), and the other end abuts against the pressure piston (52).

3. The direct-connected spindle tool change protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The follower piston (63) is also provided with a limit block (63a) extending in the direction of the pull rod (3), and the side surface of the limit block (63a) is in contact with the side surface of the action block (31).

4. The direct-connected spindle tool change protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The action block (31) is provided with a through groove along the axial direction of the pull rod (3); It also includes a movable block (32) on the side of the pull rod (3) and sliding along the axial direction of the pull rod (3), wherein one end of the movable block (32) away from the broaching claw (4) extends into the through groove; and a contact surface is provided at the other end of the movable block (32) for contacting with one end of the action block (31) facing the broaching claw (4); A limit ring (21) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the core shaft (2); It also includes a movable spring (33) arranged between the limit stop ring (21) and the movable block (32); When the knife is being broached, one end of the movable block (32) away from the broach claw (4) is located at the middle section of the inclined surface (31a); When the knife is loosened, one end of the movable block (32) away from the knife-pulling claw (4) is located on the side of the follower piston (63).

5. The direct-connected spindle tool change protection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A limiting groove (34) extending in the axial direction is provided on the side of the pull rod (3); and a side of the movable block (32) extends into the limiting groove (34).

6. The direct-connected spindle tool change protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner side surface of the core shaft (2) is provided with a mounting groove (22) extending in the axial direction, and the action block (31) extends into the mounting groove (22).

7. The direct-connected spindle tool change protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the limit branch (81) is connected to the outer side surface of the core shaft (2), and a second plug (83) is provided at the connecting end.

8. The direct-connected spindle tool change protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a protection branch (91), one end of which is connected to the end surface of the core shaft (2), and the other end of which is connected to the main oil circuit (7); A protection piston (92) slides in the protection branch (91), and one end of the protection piston extends to the outside of the end surface of the core shaft (2).

9. A working method of a direct-connected spindle tool change protection system, characterized in that: A direct-connected spindle tool change protection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: When the tool is broached, the pull rod (3) moves to cause the broach claw (4) to move toward the inner direction of the core shaft (2). As the pull rod (3) moves, the volume of the second oil chamber (61) decreases, and the oil is squeezed into the first oil chamber (51), causing the pressure piston (52) to move and compress the pressure spring (53). The oil pressure in the main oil circuit (7) increases, making the limit piston (82) unable to move. When the tool is loosened, the pull rod (3) moves to cause the pull claw (4) to move toward the outside of the core shaft (2). As the pull rod (3) moves, the volume of the second oil chamber (61) increases, causing the pressure spring (53) to release and push the pressure piston (52) to cause oil to flow into the second oil chamber (61), thereby reducing the oil pressure in the main oil circuit (7). When the tool is changed, as the tool moves in and out, the limit piston (82) retracts under the push of an external force. The movement of the limit piston (82) causes the oil in the limit branch (81) to enter the main oil circuit (7), and then flow into the first oil chamber (51) to compress the pressure spring (53). After the tool is removed or put away, the pressure spring (53) is released to push the oil back into the limit branch (81), causing the limit piston (82) to extend again.

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