One-way water guide solid material as well as preparation method and application thereof
By setting specific shape through holes on the surface of dense solid material sheets and filling them with hydrophilic fillers, combined with hydrophobic treatment, the problem of single-phase water conduction of dense solid material is solved, and one-way derivation of water and anti-gravity water conduction is achieved, avoiding the damage to the environment by water.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510065655.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-06
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to achieve single-phase water conduit of dense solid materials such as glass and ceramics, which leads to the inability to effectively derivate condensate in a closed environment, resulting in problems such as wetting the walls under water droplets.
By providing a through hole with a specific shape on the surface of the plate and filling the through holes with hydrophilic filler, combined with hydrophobic treatment, a hydrophilic channel with a special shape is constructed, so that water is unidirectional conduction from the second cylinder side to the first cylinder side.
The one-way derivation of water is achieved, which avoids the damage to the closed environment by water, and can effectively guide water under different inclinations and countergravity conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN119931597A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water-conducting materials, and in particular relates to a one-way water-conducting solid material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] It is a challenging task to quickly guide the water generated in a closed environment. Currently, many scholars have conducted in-depth research on the one-way water conduction of fabrics with large porosity, mainly through layer-by-layer competitive water absorption to achieve the purpose of one-way water conduction. However, the one-way water conduction of other relatively dense solid materials such as glass and ceramics is currently in the initial stage of exploration, and no effective scientific research results have been formed. That is, there is currently no effective method to enable dense solid materials such as glass and ceramics to achieve single-phase water conduction, which causes some troubles in life, such as the condensation water generated on the surface of indoor glass cannot be transported outward and can only flow down to wet the wall. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a one-way water-conducting solid material and a preparation method and application thereof. The material provided by the present invention can realize one-way conduction of water from a closed environment to prevent water from causing damage to the closed environment.
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a unidirectional water-conducting solid material, comprising a plate, a through hole penetrating the plate, and a hydrophilic filler filled in the through hole;
[0005] The surface of the plate is subjected to hydrophobic treatment;
[0006] The through hole comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder in direct contact; the ratio of the height of the first cylinder to the height of the second cylinder is 1:6-8, and the diameter of the first cylinder is more than twice the diameter of the second cylinder.
[0007] Preferably, the thickness of the plate is 4 to 8 mm.
[0008] Preferably, the material of the plate includes glass, metal, ceramic or wood.
[0009] Preferably, the material of the hydrophilic filler is consistent with the material of the plate;
[0010] The metal includes copper;
[0011] When the material of the plate is glass, the hydrophilic filler comprises a hydrophilic porous glass material;
[0012] When the material of the plate is copper, the hydrophilic filler comprises hydrophilic foam copper;
[0013] When the material of the plate is ceramic, the hydrophilic filler includes a hydrophilic porous ceramic material.
[0014] Preferably, the hydrophilic porous glass material is made of alkali silicate or borosilicate mother glass, the average pore size of the hydrophilic porous glass material is 280-320 μm, and the pore volume of the hydrophilic porous glass material is 68-72%;
[0015] The average pore size of the hydrophilic copper foam material is 330-370 μm, and the pore volume of the hydrophilic copper foam material is 68-72%;
[0016] The average pore size of the hydrophilic porous ceramic material is 230-270 μm, and the pore volume of the hydrophilic porous ceramic material is 68-72%.
[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the one-way water-conducting solid material according to the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
[0018] After a through hole is set on the surface of the plate, a hydrophobic treatment is performed to obtain a plate containing holes; the through hole includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder that are in direct contact; the ratio of the height of the first cylinder to the height of the second cylinder is 1:6-8, and the diameter of the first cylinder is more than twice the diameter of the second cylinder;
[0019] The through holes of the porous plate are filled with hydrophilic fillers to obtain the one-way water-conducting solid material.
[0020] Preferably, the material of the plate includes glass, metal, ceramic or wood; the metal includes copper;
[0021] When the material of the plate is glass, the hydrophobic treatment method is: spraying an organic silicon hydrophobic agent on the surface of the glass plate;
[0022] When the material of the plate is copper, the hydrophobic treatment is performed by spraying a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate and hydrophobic silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the surface of the copper plate;
[0023] When the material of the plate is ceramic, the hydrophobic treatment is performed by dipping the ceramic plate in a silane coupling agent and then drying it.
[0024] Preferably, the mass ratio of polymethyl methacrylate to hydrophobic silica nanoparticles in the mixture of polymethyl methacrylate and hydrophobic silica nanoparticles is 4 to 8:1.
[0025] Preferably, the silane coupling agent includes hexadecyltriethoxysilane; and the immersion time is 25 to 35 minutes.
[0026] The present invention also provides the use of the one-way water-conducting solid material described in the above technical solution or the one-way water-conducting solid material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in glass anti-fogging, constant water level device, oil-water separator and radiator.
[0027] The present invention provides a one-way water-conducting solid material, including a plate, a through hole penetrating the plate, and a hydrophilic filler filled in the through hole; the surface of the plate is hydrophobically treated; the through hole includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder in direct contact; the ratio of the height of the first cylinder to the height of the second cylinder is 1:6-8, and the diameter of the first cylinder is more than twice the diameter of the second cylinder. The present invention constructs a hydrophilic channel with a special shape in the plate, the Laplace force of the second cylindrical part of the channel is greater than the Laplace force of the first cylindrical part, and the liquid is unidirectionally conducted from the second cylindrical side to the first cylindrical side under the action of different Laplace forces, and can even achieve anti-gravity water conduction and long-distance water conduction. The one-way water-conducting material provided by the present invention can be used to transport indoor fog outward in winter when the material is glass, and can be used in radiators when the material is copper to achieve one-way water conduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of unidirectional water conduction of a unidirectional water conduction solid material at different inclinations;
[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a one-way water-conducting solid material realizing anti-gravity water conduction;
[0030] Figure 3 This is a physical picture of the one-way water-conducting ceramic plate prepared in Example 1;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a physical picture of the one-way water-conducting copper plate prepared in Example 2;
[0032] Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the one-way water-conducting glass plate prepared in Example 3;
[0033] Figure 6 This is a process diagram of conducting water conduction test on the one-way water-conducting ceramic plate prepared in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The invention provides a unidirectional water-conducting solid material, comprising a plate, a through hole penetrating the plate and a hydrophilic filler filled in the through hole.
[0035] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the plate may include glass, metal, ceramic or wood; the metal may include copper; the thickness of the plate may be 4 to 8 mm, specifically 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm or 8 mm; the surface of the plate is hydrophobic treated.
[0036] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the through hole includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder in direct contact; the ratio of the height of the first cylinder to the height of the second cylinder is 1:6-8, and can be specifically 1:7; the diameter of the first cylinder is more than 2 times the diameter of the second cylinder, and can be 3-5 times. In the present invention, water is unidirectionally discharged from one side of the second cylinder to one side of the first cylinder.
[0037] The present invention has no special limitation on the number and distribution of the through holes in the plate, and the specific design can be made according to the requirement of water conduction.
[0038] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the hydrophilic filler can be consistent with the material of the plate; when the material of the plate is glass, the hydrophilic filler can include a hydrophilic porous glass material; the hydrophilic porous glass material can be made of alkali silicate or borosilicate mother glass, and the average pore size of the hydrophilic porous glass material can be 280-320 μm, or 290-300 μm; the pore volume of the hydrophilic porous glass material can be 68-72%, or 70-71%; the hydrophilic porous glass material can be purchased from SCHOTT.
[0039] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the material of the plate is copper, the hydrophilic filler may include hydrophilic foam copper; the average pore size of the hydrophilic foam copper may be 330-370 μm, or 350-360 μm; the pore volume of the hydrophilic foam copper material may be 68-72%, or 70-71%; the hydrophilic foam copper material may be purchased from Sanhe New Materials Co., Ltd.
[0040] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the material of the plate is ceramic, the hydrophilic filler includes a hydrophilic porous ceramic material; the average pore size of the hydrophilic porous ceramic material can be 230-270 μm, or 250-260 μm; the pore volume of the hydrophilic porous ceramic material can be 68-72%, or 70-71%; the hydrophilic porous ceramic material can be purchased from Obray Company.
[0041] The present invention adopts a material consistent with the material of the plate as the hydrophilic filler, which can avoid significantly changing the overall material of the plate.
[0042] The present invention has no special requirement on the amount of the hydrophilic filler filled in the through hole, as long as the through hole can be fully filled.
[0043] The one-way water-conducting solid material provided by the present invention has a hydrophilic channel of special shape, and can realize one-way conduction of water from the second cylindrical side to the first cylindrical side under the action of Laplace force, and can even realize anti-gravity water conduction. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of unidirectional water conduction of unidirectional water conduction solid materials at different inclinations. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a unidirectional water-conducting solid material achieving anti-gravity water conduction.
[0044] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the one-way water-conducting solid material according to the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
[0045] After a through hole is set on the surface of the plate, a hydrophobic treatment is performed to obtain a plate containing holes; the through hole includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder that are in direct contact; the ratio of the height of the first cylinder to the height of the second cylinder is 1:6-8, and the diameter of the first cylinder is more than twice the diameter of the second cylinder;
[0046] The through holes of the porous plate are filled with hydrophilic fillers to obtain the one-way water-conducting solid material.
[0047] The present invention provides a through hole on the surface of the plate and then performs a hydrophobic treatment to obtain a plate with holes. As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the through hole can be provided by an electric drill.
[0048] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the plate may include glass, metal, ceramic or wood; the metal may include copper; when the material of the plate is glass, the hydrophobic treatment method may be: spraying an organosilicon hydrophobic agent on the surface of the glass plate, and the organosilicon hydrophobic agent may be eicosyldimethoxysilane or methyltriethoxysilane; when the material of the plate is copper, the hydrophobic treatment method is: spraying a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate and hydrophobic silica nanoparticles on the surface of the copper plate, and the mass ratio of polymethyl methacrylate and hydrophobic silica nanoparticles in the mixture of polymethyl methacrylate and hydrophobic silica nanoparticles may be 4 to 8:1, and may also be 5 to 7:1; when the material of the plate is ceramic, the hydrophobic treatment method is: immersing the ceramic plate in a silane coupling agent and then drying it, the silane coupling agent may include hexadecyltriethoxysilane, and the immersion time may be 25 to 35 minutes, and may be specifically 30 minutes.
[0049] After obtaining the porous plate, the present invention fills the through holes of the porous plate with hydrophilic fillers to obtain the one-way water-conducting solid material. The present invention has no special limitation on the method of filling the hydrophilic filler, and the conventional method in the art can be used.
[0050] The present invention also provides the use of the one-way water-conducting solid material described in the above technical solution or the one-way water-conducting solid material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in glass anti-fogging, constant water level device, oil-water separator and radiator.
[0051] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
[0052] Example 1
[0053] A through hole consisting of a first cylinder and a second cylinder connected to each other is set on the surface of a ceramic plate with a length×width×height of 20×20×5 mm by using an electric drill, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder is 5 mm and the height is 4.735 mm, and the diameter of the second cylinder is 1.25 mm and the height is 0.625 mm;
[0054] The ceramic plate with through holes was immersed in hexadecyltriethoxysilane coupling agent for 30 minutes for hydrophobic treatment and then dried; the through holes were filled with hydrophilic porous ceramic material (purchased from Obray Company) with an average pore size of 250 μm and a pore volume of 70% to obtain a unidirectional water-conducting ceramic plate.
[0055] Example 2
[0056] A through hole consisting of a first cylinder and a second cylinder connected to each other is set on the surface of a copper plate with a length×width×height of 20×20×5 mm by using an electric drill, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder is 5 mm and the height is 4.735 mm, and the diameter of the second cylinder is 1.25 mm and the height is 0.625 mm;
[0057] After the through holes were set, a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate and hydrophobic silica nanoparticles in a mass ratio of 6:1 was sprayed on the surface of the copper plate for hydrophobic treatment, and then hydrophilic foam copper (purchased from Sanhe New Materials Co., Ltd.) with an average pore diameter of 350 μm and a pore volume of 70% was filled into the through holes to obtain a unidirectional water-conducting copper plate.
[0058] Example 3
[0059] A through hole consisting of a first cylinder and a second cylinder connected to each other is set on the surface of a glass plate with a length×width×height of 20×20×5 mm by using an electric drill, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder is 5 mm and the height is 4.735 mm, and the diameter of the second cylinder is 1.25 mm and the height is 0.625 mm;
[0060] After the through holes are set, methyltriethoxysilane (organic silicone hydrophobic agent) is sprayed on the surface of the glass plate for hydrophobic treatment, and then a hydrophilic porous glass material (made of alkali silicate or borosilicate mother glass, purchased from SCHOTT) with an average pore size of 300 μm and a pore volume of 70% is filled into the through holes to obtain a unidirectional water-conducting glass plate.
[0061] Example 4
[0062] A unidirectional water-conducting ceramic plate was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the diameter of the first cylinder was adjusted from 5 mm to 2 mm, and the diameter of the second cylinder was adjusted from 1.25 mm to 1 mm.
[0063] Example 5
[0064] A unidirectional water-conducting ceramic plate was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the diameter of the first cylinder was adjusted from 5 mm to 4 mm, and the diameter of the second cylinder was adjusted from 1.25 mm to 1 mm.
[0065] Example 6
[0066] A unidirectional water-conducting ceramic plate was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the diameter of the first cylinder was adjusted from 5 mm to 8 mm, and the diameter of the second cylinder was adjusted from 1.25 mm to 1 mm.
[0067] The physical pictures of the one-way water-conducting solid materials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 are as follows: Figures 3 to 5 As shown, Figure 3 This is a physical picture of the one-way water-conducting ceramic plate prepared in Example 1. Figure 4 This is a physical picture of the one-way water-conducting copper plate prepared in Example 2. Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the one-way water-conducting glass plate prepared in Example 3.
[0068] The water conduction time of the one-way water-conducting solid materials prepared in Examples 1 to 6 was tested according to the following method, and the average water conduction time results of multiple water conduction tests are listed in Table 1. The one-way water-conducting solid material was placed horizontally, with the first cylinder facing upward, and water was dripped from the lower surface of the plate, with 20 μL dripped at a time. The time it takes for the droplet to be conducted to the upper surface of the plate after contacting the small holes on the lower surface is the water conduction time.
[0069] Table 1 Water conduction time of the one-way water-conducting solid materials prepared in Examples 1 to 6
[0070] Example Water conduction time(s) Example 1 1.2 Example 2 1.2 Example 3 1.2 Example 4 1.5 Example 5 1.2 Example 6 1.1
[0071] Figure 6 This is a process diagram of testing the water conduction time of the one-way water-conducting ceramic plate prepared in Example 1.
[0072] Combining Table 1 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the one-way water-conducting solid material provided by the present invention can realize one-way water conduction.
[0073] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A one-way water-conducting solid material, characterized in that: It comprises a plate, a through hole penetrating the plate, and a hydrophilic filler filled in the through hole; The surface of the plate is subjected to hydrophobic treatment; The through hole comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder in direct contact; the ratio of the height of the first cylinder to the height of the second cylinder is 1:6-8, and the diameter of the first cylinder is more than twice the diameter of the second cylinder.
2. The one-way water-conducting solid material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the plate is 4-8 mm.
3. The one-way water-conducting solid material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The material of the plate includes glass, metal, ceramic or wood.
4. The one-way water-conducting solid material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material of the hydrophilic filler is consistent with that of the plate; The metal includes copper; When the material of the plate is glass, the hydrophilic filler comprises a hydrophilic porous glass material; When the material of the plate is copper, the hydrophilic filler comprises hydrophilic foam copper; When the material of the plate is ceramic, the hydrophilic filler includes a hydrophilic porous ceramic material.
5. The one-way water-conducting solid material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrophilic porous glass material is made of alkali silicate or borosilicate mother glass, the average pore size of the hydrophilic porous glass material is 280-320 μm, and the pore volume of the hydrophilic porous glass material is 68-72%; The average pore size of the hydrophilic copper foam material is 330-370 μm, and the pore volume of the hydrophilic copper foam material is 68-72%; The average pore size of the hydrophilic porous ceramic material is 230-270 μm, and the pore volume of the hydrophilic porous ceramic material is 68-72%.
6. The method for preparing the one-way water-conducting solid material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After a through hole is set on the surface of the plate, a hydrophobic treatment is performed to obtain a plate containing holes; the through hole includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder that are in direct contact; the ratio of the height of the first cylinder to the height of the second cylinder is 1:6-8, and the diameter of the first cylinder is more than twice the diameter of the second cylinder; The through holes of the porous plate are filled with hydrophilic fillers to obtain the one-way water-conducting solid material.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material of the plate includes glass, metal, ceramic or wood; the metal includes copper; When the material of the plate is glass, the hydrophobic treatment method is: spraying an organic silicon hydrophobic agent on the surface of the glass plate; When the material of the plate is copper, the hydrophobic treatment is performed by spraying a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate and hydrophobic silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the surface of the copper plate; When the material of the plate is ceramic, the hydrophobic treatment is performed by dipping the ceramic plate in a silane coupling agent and then drying it.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass ratio of polymethyl methacrylate to hydrophobic silicon dioxide nanoparticles in the mixture of polymethyl methacrylate and hydrophobic silicon dioxide nanoparticles is 4-8:
1.
9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The silane coupling agent includes hexadecyltriethoxysilane; and the immersion time is 25 to 35 minutes.
10. Use of the one-way water-conducting solid material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the one-way water-conducting solid material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in glass anti-fogging, constant water level device, oil-water separator, and radiator.