An integrated measurement-while-drilling data acquisition system and method suitable for complex drilling conditions

Abstract

The present application discloses an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system and method suitable for complex drilling conditions, which relates to the field of measurement technology. The method includes a sensor detection module for acquiring downhole parameters and outputting sensor signals; a signal acquisition module for acquiring the sensor signals output by the sensor detection module and transmitting the sensor signals to a main control module; the main control module for processing the sensor signals and transmitting the processed sensor signals to an excitation output module; the excitation output module for receiving and controlling the processed sensor signals and determining control signals; and a host computer monitoring module for monitoring and analyzing the control signals and completing the acquisition, processing and transmission of downhole parameters. The present application improves the accuracy and stability of the acquired data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to an integrated measurement-while-drilling data acquisition system and method suitable for complex drilling conditions. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of oil and gas exploration technology, measurement while drilling (MWD) has become widely used in deep well, offshore, and unconventional oil and gas drilling. This technology collects key downhole parameters such as temperature, pressure, rotational speed, and torque in real time, providing immediate feedback during drilling operations. This allows engineers to adjust drilling parameters and optimize the process, thereby improving efficiency and mitigating potential risks. However, existing MWD systems face numerous technical challenges in their application.

[0003] First, the underground environment is usually very complex, especially in deep well and high temperature and high pressure drilling operations. Existing sensors and data acquisition equipment often find it difficult to adapt to extreme working conditions, resulting in equipment failure or inaccurate data.

[0004] Secondly, current downhole data transmission technology often fails to ensure stable and real-time data transmission in environments with electromagnetic interference and long-distance transmission, which in turn affects the timeliness and safety of operational decisions. Furthermore, existing systems can only collect limited downhole parameters, and the accuracy of different sensors is often inconsistent, making it difficult to provide comprehensive and accurate real-time data support. Furthermore, the power management of existing systems also faces problems. Downhole operations place high demands on batteries and power modules, but existing systems struggle to provide a stable power supply during long-term downhole operations, resulting in equipment downtime or data loss. Finally, the signal processing capabilities of existing measurement while drilling systems are limited, and they are unable to effectively filter, amplify, and convert multi-channel, high-speed signals, affecting the accuracy and real-time nature of the data.

[0005] Existing measurement-while-drilling systems typically utilize multiple independent sensors and data acquisition modules, resulting in low integration, poor stability, and high maintenance costs. Due to the varying interfaces, connection methods, and power requirements between these modules, the system is susceptible to signal interference and failures, leading to unstable data acquisition and increased maintenance workload and costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system and method suitable for complex drilling conditions, which solves the problem of inaccurate and unstable collected data.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions, comprising:

[0009] A sensor detection module is used to collect downhole parameters and output sensor signals; the downhole parameters include temperature, pressure, rotation speed and torsion;

[0010] A signal acquisition module, configured to acquire the sensor signal output by the sensor detection module and transmit the sensor signal to the main control module;

[0011] A main control module is used to process the sensor signal and transmit the processed sensor signal to the excitation output module; the main control module includes an STM32 single chip microcomputer;

[0012] an excitation output module, configured to receive and control the processed sensor signal and determine a control signal;

[0013] The host computer monitoring module is used to monitor and analyze the control signal and complete the collection, processing and transmission of downhole parameters.

[0014] Optionally, the output ends of the pressure sensor, the torsion sensor and the speed sensor are connected to the signal conditioning circuit; the pressure sensor, the torsion sensor and the speed sensor output analog signals through the signal conditioning circuit;

[0015] The signal conditioning circuit is connected to the A / D converter; the output end of the A / D converter is connected to the GPIO pin of the STM32 microcontroller;

[0016] The temperature sensor and the STM32 microcontroller are connected 2 C bus interface is connected; the temperature sensor is used to 2 C bus output digital signal; the STM32 microcontroller is used for the A / D converter or I 2 The C bus receives the analog signal and the digital signal, processes and stores the analog signal and the digital signal; the sensor signal includes the analog signal and the digital signal.

[0017] Optionally, the signal conditioning circuit is used to process the analog signal and convert the processed analog signal into a digital signal according to the A / D converter; the processing includes amplification processing and filtering processing.

[0018] Optionally, the conversion module is connected to the A / D converter, and is used to convert the downhole parameter into a voltage signal; the A / D converter is used to convert the voltage signal into a digital signal.

[0019] Optionally, the integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions includes multiple acquisition channels; the acquisition channels support bidirectional I 2 C bus communication, used to exchange information with the sensor modules and components; the acquisition channel can automatically detect the connection status of the sensor and identify the sensor signal; the sensor data includes type, serial number, calibration data and calibration date;

[0020] The information collection module is connected to the 2 C bus access to the STM32 microcontroller, each connected to the I 2 Each sensor on the C bus has a unique address, and the data of the sensor is transmitted to the STM32 microcontroller to identify the signal type of the sensor.

[0021] Optionally, the excitation output module is also used to power strain gauges, external signal conditioning equipment, and pressure control equipment and is pre-programmed;

[0022] The adjustable voltage output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the strain gauge to provide a power supply voltage for the strain gauge;

[0023] The adjustable current output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the external signal conditioning device, and is used to provide a stable current source for the external signal conditioning device;

[0024] The adjustable voltage output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the pressure control device to provide an operating voltage for the pressure control device.

[0025] Optionally, the power supply and conversion module is used to provide stable power supply for each module; each module includes the sensor detection module, the signal acquisition module, the main control module, the excitation output module and the host computer monitoring module.

[0026] Optionally, the host computer monitoring module is also used to set the data storage frequency, correct the test data, display the curve in real time and output Excel reports.

[0027] Optionally, the STM32 single-chip microcomputer serves as the main control module of the integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions, and serves as the control core; the operating temperature range of the STM32 single-chip microcomputer is -40°C to +80°C.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition method applicable to complex drilling conditions, comprising:

[0029] Using the sensor detection module to collect downhole parameters and determine sensor signals; the downhole parameters include temperature, pressure, rotation speed and torsion;

[0030] Acquire the sensor signal of the sensor detection module and transmit the sensor signal to the main control module;

[0031] The main control module is used to process the sensor signal and transmit the processed sensor signal to the excitation output module; the main control module includes an STM32 single chip microcomputer;

[0032] Utilizing the excitation output module to receive and control the processed sensor signal and determine a control signal;

[0033] The host computer monitoring module is used to monitor and analyze the control signal to complete the collection, processing and transmission of downhole parameters.

[0034] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects:

[0035] The present application provides an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system and method suitable for complex drilling conditions. By collecting downhole parameters and sensor signals, the sensor signal output by the sensor detection module is obtained. The signal output by the sensor detection module is usually weak and may contain noise. The signal is amplified and filtered by the signal conditioning circuit to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal and transmitted to the main control module. The signal is processed and the processed signal is transmitted to the excitation output module. The excitation output module should accurately output the control signal according to the instruction of the main control module to ensure control accuracy, receive and control the processed signal, determine the control signal, monitor and analyze the control signal, complete the collection, processing and transmission of downhole parameters, and improve the accuracy and stability of the collected data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions in one embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 2 An overall design diagram of an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions is provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a prototype main control scheme of an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a multi-parameter signal acquisition and automatic recognition structure provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a power supply and conversion module design scheme provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a voltage conversion circuit and a voltage stabilization circuit provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 7 A flowchart of an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition method suitable for complex drilling conditions is provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0046] An existing implementation scheme similar to the present application is based on the LabVIEW platform and is designed and applied to real-time signal processing in a measurement while drilling system. The main steps of this scheme include: first, designing a data acquisition module, driving an ordinary A / D data acquisition card through a code interface node (CIN) icon to complete signal acquisition; then, using a finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter to suppress noise and smooth the collected signal, and using the filter module provided by LabVIEW to achieve efficient digital filtering; then, designing a virtual oscilloscope module for real-time display of waveforms in the time domain and frequency domain, supporting multi-waveform display, and performing data analysis; then, developing a demodulation and decoding function to process the collected signal in real time, and display and analyze it; finally, according to the requirements of the field application, the user can select different working modes and transmission frequencies, and perform parameter monitoring, data storage, and real-time adjustment through a graphical interface. This scheme has been verified in many practical applications, demonstrating powerful real-time signal processing capabilities, good user experience, and stable performance.

[0047] Existing measurement-while-drilling (MWD) systems typically utilize multiple independent sensors and data acquisition modules, resulting in low integration, poor stability, and high maintenance costs. Due to the different interfaces, connection methods, and power consumption requirements between modules, the system is susceptible to signal interference and failures, resulting in unstable data acquisition and increased equipment maintenance workload and costs. Therefore, this application proposes an integrated MWD data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions. By integrating multiple sensors and data acquisition units into a single platform, the system's integration and stability are improved, the risk of equipment failure is reduced, and maintenance costs are lowered, making it more suitable for complex drilling environments.

[0048] This application relates to measurement technology, particularly a data acquisition platform for measurement-while-drilling systems. Specifically, it provides a data acquisition platform capable of real-time acquisition, storage, and transmission of key parameters during downhole drilling, such as temperature, pressure, rotational speed, and torque. This acquisition platform is adaptable to harsh downhole environments and enables multi-channel signal acquisition, automatic identification, and efficient data transmission.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions, and the measurement while drilling data acquisition system includes the following modules.

[0050] S1: sensor detection module, used to collect downhole parameters and output sensor signals; the downhole parameters include temperature, pressure, rotation speed and torsion.

[0051] S2: a signal acquisition module, configured to acquire the sensor signal output by the sensor detection module and transmit the sensor signal to the main control module.

[0052] S3: a main control module, used for processing the sensor signal and transmitting the processed sensor signal to the excitation output module; the main control module includes an STM32 single chip microcomputer.

[0053] S4: an excitation output module, used to receive and control the processed sensor signal and determine a control signal.

[0054] S5: A host computer monitoring module is used to monitor and analyze the control signal and complete the acquisition, processing and transmission of downhole parameters.

[0055] The present application provides an integrated downhole measurement data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions, and its system architecture includes a power supply and conversion module, an STM32 main control module, a sensor detection module, a signal acquisition module, an excitation output module and a host computer monitoring software. The platform can collect downhole temperature, pressure, speed, and torque parameters in real time, and ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the data through efficient signal processing, storage and transmission systems. The downhole measurement data acquisition platform solves a major technical problem: the existing downhole measurement system cannot simultaneously meet the needs of high-precision, multi-parameter real-time acquisition, processing and transmission, especially the reliability and stability issues in extreme downhole environments. The overall system design is as follows: Figure 2 The figure shows the system architecture of a measurement-while-drilling data acquisition platform. The system includes a power supply and conversion module, which provides power to each module; a sensor detection module, which collects key downhole parameters such as temperature, pressure, speed, and torque; a signal acquisition module, which acquires sensor output signals and transmits them to the main control unit; an STM32 microcontroller, which processes the collected data and implements signal control through the excitation output module; and finally, electromagnetic wave transmission, which transmits the data to a host PC for real-time monitoring and analysis. This design achieves efficient acquisition, processing, and transmission of downhole parameters, meeting the monitoring requirements of complex drilling environments.

[0056] Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment, the output ends of the pressure sensor, the torsion sensor and the speed sensor are connected to the signal conditioning circuit; the pressure sensor, the torsion sensor and the speed sensor output analog signals through the signal conditioning circuit.

[0057] The pressure, torque and speed sensors output analog signals through the conditioning circuit.

[0058] The signal conditioning circuit is connected to the A / D converter; the output end of the A / D converter is connected to the GPIO pin of the STM32 single chip microcomputer.

[0059] All signals are sampled by AD or I 2 C interface to the STM32 microcontroller for processing and storage. The storage media includes EMMC storage, DDR3 memory and SD card external storage, and supports expanded data transmission function through the USB2.0 interface.

[0060] The temperature sensor and the STM32 microcontroller are connected 2 C bus interface is connected; the temperature sensor is used to 2 C bus output digital signal; the STM32 microcontroller is used for the A / D converter or I 2 The C bus receives the analog signal and the digital signal, processes and stores the analog signal and the digital signal; the sensor signal includes the analog signal and the digital signal.

[0061] The overall design of the measurement while drilling data acquisition system includes the following modules.

[0062] (1) Power supply and conversion module: The power supply and conversion module is used to provide stable power to each module. The sensor detection module is powered by 24V, and the main control module uses 3.3V. This module includes voltage conversion and voltage stabilization circuits to ensure that each module in the system can obtain a stable power supply.

[0063] (2) STM32 main control module: The main control module uses an STM32 microcontroller as the prototype's control core, responsible for data reception, reading and storage, driving and control, and communicating with the host computer. The STM32 microcontroller has low power consumption, high performance, and a wide operating temperature range of -40°C to +85°C, meeting the needs of the complex underground environment.

[0064] (3) Signal Acquisition Module: The signal acquisition module is responsible for collecting, filtering, and performing A / D conversion on the sensor output signals. The processed data is further stored and communicated via the STM32 microcontroller. This module supports the acquisition of multiple signal types, including signals from temperature, pressure, speed, and torque sensors.

[0065] (4) Excitation Output Module: The excitation output module is designed to drive strain gauges, external signal conditioning equipment, and pressure control equipment. This module can output adjustable voltage and current to meet the power requirements of downhole sensors and control equipment. The excitation output module can also be pre-programmed to respond to changes in input signals and output control signals.

[0066] (5) Host computer monitoring software: The host computer monitoring software communicates with the prototype through electromagnetic wave transmission, collects, displays, and stores sensor data in real time, and has a data playback function. The software supports data storage frequency setting, test data correction, real-time curve display, and Excel report output.

[0067] The platform uses STM32 as the main controller. The STM32 series microcontroller uses a 32-bit processor core, has an operating voltage range of 2.6V to 3.6V, has low power consumption, and is suitable for long-term operation. The STM32 microcontroller can meet all the functional requirements of the measurement while drilling platform. The prototype main control solution is as follows Figure 3 The figure shows the framework design of a measurement while drilling (MWD) data acquisition system. The system comprises a sensor detection module, a signal processing and acquisition module, a data storage and transmission module, and a host computer module. The pressure, torque, and speed sensors output analog signals through conditioning circuits, while the temperature sensor directly outputs digital signals via the I2C bus. All signals are transmitted to the STM32 microcontroller via AD sampling or the I2C interface for processing and storage. Storage media include EMMC storage, DDR3 memory, and SD cards, and data transfer functionality is supported via a USB 2.0 interface. The communication module transmits and receives electromagnetic waves to enable wireless data transmission from downhole to the surface, and transmits the data to a host PC for monitoring and analysis. The power management module provides stable power for the entire system, ensuring continuous operation in the complex underground environment. This system integrates data acquisition, storage, and transmission functions, making it suitable for multi-parameter monitoring and real-time data processing requirements in downhole operations.

[0068] Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment, the signal conditioning circuit is used to process the analog signal and convert the processed analog signal into a digital signal according to the A / D converter; the processing includes amplification processing and filtering processing.

[0069] The measurement-while-drilling sensor measures raw signals, and the output analog signals are all standard voltage or current signals. The signal conditioning circuit amplifies and filters the standard signals before passing them through an A / D converter. To ensure interoperability, meaning that the prototype can recognize and read data regardless of whether the port is connected to the voltage or current being measured, the following designs were considered: ① ±10V and ±24V differential signal acquisition circuits; ② 200mA AC / DC and encoder pulse signal acquisition circuits; ③ sensor information communication circuits; and ④ bidirectional communication acquisition circuits. Based on the sensor signal type identified by the microcontroller bus, the logic controls the switching of the corresponding acquisition circuits. The acquired signals are then converted and fed into the microcontroller for A / D conversion and data storage.

[0070] Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment, the conversion module is connected to the A / D converter and is used to convert the downhole parameter into a voltage signal; and the A / D converter is used to convert the voltage signal into a digital signal.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, the integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions includes multiple acquisition channels; the acquisition channels support bidirectional I 2 C bus communication is used to exchange information with the sensor modules and components; the acquisition channel can automatically detect the connection status of the sensor and identify the sensor signal; the sensor data includes type, serial number, calibration data and calibration date.

[0072] The signal acquisition module is responsible for receiving the signal output by the sensor and filtering, amplifying and A / D converting it. Each acquisition channel has a 16-pin interface and supports bidirectional I 2 C communication for exchanging information with external sensors and other components. 2 C bus, each connected sensor has a unique address and can transmit data in real time. The module supports automatic detection of sensor connection status, identification of sensor type, serial number, calibration data and calibration date to ensure data accuracy. Signal conditioning circuit: For the analog signals (such as voltage and current) output by the sensor, the signal conditioning circuit is responsible for amplifying and filtering the signals, and then converting them through the A / D converter to obtain digital signals for processing by the main control microcontroller. ±10V and ±24V differential signal acquisition circuits, as well as 200mA AC and DC signals and encoder pulse signal acquisition circuits are designed to process different sensor output signals. Each acquisition channel is equipped with a switch for switching between different sensor signals to ensure the correct acquisition of different types of signals.

[0073] Design of multi-channel high-speed AC / DC voltage signal acquisition module. The prototype has multiple acquisition channels, each channel port is 16 pins and supports bidirectional I 2 C communication is used to exchange information with external sensors and components. The acquisition channel can automatically detect the connection status of the sensor, identify the sensor type, serial number, calibration data and calibration date. 2 C bus is connected to the STM32 microcontroller. Each sensor connected to the bus has a unique address and can transmit data to the microcontroller to identify the sensor signal type.

[0074] The information collection module is connected to the 2 C bus access to the STM32 microcontroller, each connected to the I 2Each sensor on the C bus has a unique address, and the data of the sensor is transmitted to the STM32 microcontroller to identify the signal type of the sensor.

[0075] Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment, the excitation output module is also used to power the strain gauge, the external signal conditioning device and the pressure control device, and is pre-programmed.

[0076] The adjustable voltage output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the strain gauge to provide a power supply voltage for the strain gauge.

[0077] Design of multi-channel high-speed AC / DC current signal acquisition software and hardware module. Each port of the prototype's acquisition channel provides an output excitation control voltage, and the excitation output has multiple functions as a constant voltage output or a constant current output. The signal can be fixed, user-defined, or a predefined waveform pattern. Typically, this output is used to power strain gauges, external signal conditioning equipment, and pressure control equipment. The excitation output can also be pre-programmed as a control signal to respond to any input signal changes on any port. According to the requirements, the following circuits are designed: ① Maximum 24V / 55mA voltage / current excitation output adjustable circuit design; ② Frequency adjustable circuit design; ③ Constant voltage / constant current excitation output circuit design; ④ Programmable constant voltage / constant current excitation output module software implementation. Multi-parameter signal acquisition and automatic identification such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the framework structure of a multi-channel parameter measurement and automatic identification system is shown. The system collects a variety of key parameters in the well through temperature, pressure, torque and speed sensors. After these signals pass through parameter and range multiplexers, they are converted into voltage signals through corresponding conversion modules (such as R / V conversion, V / V conversion, I / V conversion, etc.). The converted signal is converted into a digital signal through the AD conversion module and transmitted to the microcontroller unit (MCU) for processing. The MCU integrates power and management modules, and is connected to external devices through wired or wireless communication modules to realize data transmission and real-time monitoring. The system can support multi-channel signal cyclic measurement and automatic identification of parameter ranges. It is suitable for multi-parameter monitoring needs under complex working conditions and provides efficient and accurate data support for drilling operations.

[0078] The adjustable current output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the external signal conditioning device, and is used to provide a stable current source for the external signal conditioning device.

[0079] The adjustable voltage output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the pressure control device to provide an operating voltage for the pressure control device.

[0080] The excitation output module is used to provide power for strain gauges, external signal conditioning equipment, and pressure control equipment. According to different working requirements, each acquisition channel provides an output excitation voltage, supporting constant voltage or constant current output. Fixed voltage, user-defined voltage, or predefined waveform output can be set as needed. Adjustable circuit design: The module is designed with a maximum 24V / 55mA voltage / current excitation output circuit, which can meet the different power supply requirements of downhole sensors. Frequency-adjustable circuit design: According to working requirements, a frequency-adjustable circuit is designed, allowing the output frequency to be adjusted according to different working environments and sensor requirements. Programming control: The excitation output also supports pre-programming, automatically responding to changes in the input signal, and providing control signals to meet application requirements under different operating conditions.

[0081] Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment, the power supply and conversion module is used to provide stable power supply for each module; each module includes the sensor detection module, the signal acquisition module, the main control module, the excitation output module and the host computer monitoring module.

[0082] The power management module provides stable power support for the entire system, ensuring the continuous operation of the equipment in the complex environment underground.

[0083] Power supply management function module and electromagnetic compatibility design. In order to meet the portable function of the prototype, the prototype needs to be movable and rechargeable, and it is required to be able to power each module. From the overall design plan of the system, it can be seen that the prototype contains many modules, and each module has different power requirements. The sensor power supply voltage is required to be 24V or 12V, and the microcontroller power supply voltage is 3.3V. Two 24V DC regulated rechargeable power supplies are selected to cooperate with the DC / DC step-down module to power each module of the system. A 24V lithium battery is selected as the charging and discharging power supply. In order to make the system have excellent electromagnetic compatibility, consider using a shell assembly that can improve electromagnetic compatibility, and use shielded wires for communication lines. Design the following circuits: ① voltage conversion circuit (DC / DC) and voltage stabilization circuit; ② battery switching circuit; ③ battery charge and discharge management circuit. As Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the power supply and conversion module design scheme is shown. The voltage conversion circuit and voltage stabilization circuit are as follows Figure 6 As shown, the system is powered by a 220V AC power supply, which also charges two lithium batteries and provides backup power for a stable 24V DC output. The DC power supply converts the 24V voltage into different voltages, such as 12V, 5V, and 15V, through multiple DC / DC converter modules to power the sensor module, main control module, and other modules. This design meets the diverse voltage requirements of different modules and provides backup power to ensure stable system operation during power outages, providing reliable power support for multi-module equipment in complex environments.

[0084] The sensor detection module is powered by a 24V supply voltage and uses a high-efficiency voltage-stabilizing circuit for voltage conversion. To ensure stable operation of the sensor, a low-power, high-efficiency DC-DC buck converter was designed to accommodate different voltage and current requirements. The STM32 main control module is powered by 3.3V and has an operating voltage range of 2.6V to 3.6V. Considering the complexity of the underground environment, the low-power, high-performance STM32 microcontroller was selected, which can operate stably within a temperature range of -40°C to +85°C. The power module is designed with overload protection and battery power monitoring functions to ensure that the system can continuously provide stable power during long-term operations and avoid system downtime or data loss due to power problems.

[0085] Battery Switching and Charging Management: The battery design supports automatic switching. When one battery runs low, the system automatically switches to the other, ensuring continuous power. The battery charge and discharge management circuit design ensures long battery life and stability. Electromagnetic Compatibility: To ensure stable operation in the complex electromagnetic environment underground, the platform casing is made of high-quality anti-interference materials, and shielded cables are used for communication to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference.

[0086] Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment, the host computer monitoring module is also used to set data storage frequency, correct test data, display curves in real time, and output Excel reports.

[0087] The communication module transmits and receives electromagnetic waves to achieve wireless data transmission from underground to the surface, and transmits the data to the PC host computer for monitoring and analysis.

[0088] The host computer monitoring software is the control center of the entire system, responsible for the real-time display, storage, analysis, and playback of data. Real-time data acquisition and display: It connects to the main control module via electromagnetic wave transmission, collects sensor data in real time, and displays changes in various parameters in a graphical interface. Data storage and playback: The software can store real-time data locally or in the cloud, and supports the playback and analysis of historical data. Users can set the data storage frequency and view historical data for any time period. Real-time curve and report output: The software supports real-time curve display, allowing users to view the changing trends of different parameters at any time. The system also supports exporting measurement data as Excel reports to facilitate later analysis and report generation.

[0089] Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment, the STM32 single-chip microcomputer serves as the main control module of the integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions, and serves as the control core; the operating temperature range of the STM32 single-chip microcomputer is -40°C to +80°C.

[0090] The platform uses an STM32 microcontroller as its main controller. The STM32 series microcontroller features a 32-bit processor core and operates in a voltage range of 2.6V to 3.6V. This low power consumption makes it suitable for extended operation. The STM32 microcontroller meets all the functional requirements of the measurement while drilling platform.

[0091] The STM32 microcontroller utilizes a 32-bit processor core, boasting strong data processing capabilities and low power consumption, supporting the simultaneous operation of multiple acquisition channels. The main control module features a rich I / O interface, supporting a variety of sensor interfaces (both analog and digital). It receives processed data from the signal acquisition module in real time and stores the results in internal memory or an external SD card. Communication with the host computer utilizes electromagnetic wave transmission, ensuring real-time data transmission and remote monitoring. A sophisticated communication protocol ensures seamless data upload to the ground control system for analysis and monitoring.

[0092] Currently, no alternative to the present invention's technical solution can simultaneously achieve the proposed goals of high integration, real-time multi-parameter acquisition and processing, stable data transmission, and efficient power management in complex underground environments. While existing distributed acquisition, single-module designs, or low-integration solutions can partially achieve similar functions in some aspects, they cannot meet the overall technical level and application requirements of the present invention in terms of system integration, environmental adaptability, real-time performance, and stability.

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition method applicable to complex drilling conditions. The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition method applicable to complex drilling conditions is as follows.

[0094] Step 101: Use a sensor detection module to collect downhole parameters and determine sensor signals; the downhole parameters include temperature, pressure, rotation speed and torsion.

[0095] Step 102: Acquire the sensor signal of the sensor detection module and transmit the sensor signal to the main control module.

[0096] Step 103: Utilize the main control module to process the sensor signal, and transmit the processed sensor signal to the excitation output module; the main control module includes an STM32 single chip microcomputer.

[0097] Step 104: Utilize the excitation output module to receive and control the processed sensor signal and determine a control signal.

[0098] Step 105: Utilize the host computer monitoring module to monitor and analyze the control signal to complete the acquisition, processing and transmission of downhole parameters.

[0099] The innovation of this application is the modular multi-voltage power supply system design, which provides a combination of 220V AC power supply and dual lithium battery power supply. It uses a DC / DC conversion module to output multiple voltages (12V, 5V, 15V, etc.) to achieve accurate power supply to different modules and ensure continuous power supply capability in the event of power outages. Multi-channel parameter measurement and automatic identification technology integrates multiple sensors (temperature, pressure, speed, torque, etc.), and uniformly processes sensor signals through parameter and range multiplexers and signal conversion modules (R / V, V / V, I / V, etc.), realizing automatic identification and real-time measurement of multiple signals. The highly integrated data processing and transmission platform uses STM32 as the core control unit, integrates AD conversion modules, data storage modules (EMMC, DDR3, SD card), wireless communication modules, etc., to achieve efficient data acquisition, processing and real-time transmission, and support remote monitoring and data management under complex working conditions underground. The scalability of the modular design means that the system has good scalability and can easily access different types of sensors to meet the needs of different application scenarios. The working mode and monitoring parameters can be flexibly adjusted through the host computer.

[0100] Based on the aforementioned innovations, the integrated measurement-while-drilling data acquisition system for complex drilling conditions presented in this application offers the following advantages: The data acquisition platform can simultaneously collect multiple key parameters, such as temperature, pressure, rotational speed, and torque, ensuring high-precision and synchronized data, providing comprehensive monitoring for drilling operations. This synchronized multi-parameter acquisition better reflects the overall status of downhole operations. The data acquisition platform is equipped with a large-capacity storage module, supporting long-term data storage and facilitating later data playback, analysis, and optimization. The playback and trend analysis of historical data help drilling engineers identify potential equipment issues and operational bottlenecks, and optimize drilling plans. The data acquisition platform utilizes a low-power design, rechargeable batteries, and an efficient power management system, ensuring long-term stable operation during downhole operations and reducing the risk of equipment downtime due to battery depletion. Efficient power management enhances the platform's reliability and service life. The data acquisition platform utilizes a specialized electromagnetic compatibility design and high-quality shielding materials to ensure stability in the complex downhole electromagnetic environment, preventing signal interference that can affect data acquisition and transmission, and ensuring reliable system operation. The system integration design of the entire measurement-while-drilling (MWD) data acquisition platform ensures the coordinated and stable operation of each module, guaranteeing the accuracy, reliability, and real-time nature of the data. All modules are rationally configured according to their functional requirements and interconnected via a data bus, ensuring the system's long-term stable operation in the complex underground environment.

[0101] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0102] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above examples is only intended to help understand the method and core concept of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the concept of this application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. An integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions, characterized by: The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions includes: A sensor detection module is used to collect downhole parameters and output sensor signals; the downhole parameters include temperature, pressure, rotation speed and torsion; A signal acquisition module, configured to acquire the sensor signal output by the sensor detection module and transmit the sensor signal to the main control module; A main control module is used to process the sensor signal and transmit the processed sensor signal to the excitation output module; the main control module includes an STM32 single chip microcomputer; an excitation output module, configured to receive and control the processed sensor signal and determine a control signal; The excitation output module is also used to power strain gauges, external signal conditioning equipment and pressure control equipment, and is pre-programmed; The adjustable voltage output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the strain gauge to provide a power supply voltage for the strain gauge; The adjustable current output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the external signal conditioning device, and is used to provide a stable current source for the external signal conditioning device; The adjustable voltage output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the pressure control device to provide the operating voltage for the pressure control device; The host computer monitoring module is used to monitor and analyze the control signal and complete the collection, processing and transmission of downhole parameters.

2. The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sensor detection module, specifically including: pressure sensor, torsion sensor, speed sensor, signal conditioning circuit, A / D converter and temperature sensor; The output ends of the pressure sensor, the torsion sensor and the speed sensor are connected to the signal conditioning circuit; the pressure sensor, the torsion sensor and the speed sensor output analog signals through the signal conditioning circuit; The signal conditioning circuit is connected to the A / D converter; the output end of the A / D converter is connected to the GPIO pin of the STM32 microcontroller; The temperature sensor and the STM32 microcontroller are connected 2 C bus interface is connected; the temperature sensor is used to 2 C bus outputs digital signals; the STM32 microcontroller is used to output digital signals through the A / D converter or I 2 The C bus receives the analog signal and the digital signal, processes and stores the analog signal and the digital signal; the sensor signal includes the analog signal and the digital signal.

3. The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal conditioning circuit is used to process the analog signal and convert the processed analog signal into a digital signal according to the A / D converter; the processing includes amplification processing and filtering processing.

4. The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions further includes: a conversion module; The conversion module is connected to the A / D converter and is used to convert the downhole parameters into voltage signals; the A / D converter is used to convert the voltage signals into digital signals.

5. The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal acquisition module specifically includes: The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions includes multiple acquisition channels; the acquisition channels support bidirectional I 2 C bus communication, used to exchange information with the sensor detection module; the acquisition channel can automatically detect the connection status of the sensor and identify the sensor signal; the data of each sensor includes type, serial number, calibration data and calibration date; The signal acquisition module is connected to the 2 C bus access to the STM32 microcontroller, each connected to the I 2 Each sensor on the C bus has a unique address, and the data of the sensor is transmitted to the STM32 microcontroller to identify the signal type of the sensor.

6. The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system applicable to complex drilling conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system suitable for complex drilling conditions also includes a power supply and conversion module; The power supply and conversion module is used to provide stable power supply for each module; each module includes the sensor detection module, the signal acquisition module, the main control module, the excitation output module and the host computer monitoring module.

7. The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system applicable to complex drilling conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host computer monitoring module is also used to set data storage frequency, correct test data, display curves in real time and output Excel reports.

8. The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system applicable to complex drilling conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The STM32 single-chip microcomputer serves as the control core; the operating temperature range of the STM32 single-chip microcomputer is -40°C to +80°C.

9. An integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition method suitable for complex drilling conditions, characterized in that: The integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition method applicable to complex drilling conditions applies the integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition system applicable to complex drilling conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the integrated measurement while drilling data acquisition method applicable to complex drilling conditions includes: Using the sensor detection module to collect downhole parameters and determine sensor signals; the downhole parameters include temperature, pressure, rotation speed and torsion; Acquire the sensor signal of the sensor detection module and transmit the sensor signal to the main control module; The main control module is used to process the sensor signal and transmit the processed sensor signal to the excitation output module; the main control module includes an STM32 single chip microcomputer; Utilizing the excitation output module to receive and control the processed sensor signal and determine a control signal; The excitation output module is also used to power strain gauges, external signal conditioning equipment and pressure control equipment, and is pre-programmed; The adjustable voltage output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the strain gauge to provide a power supply voltage for the strain gauge; The adjustable current output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the external signal conditioning device, and is used to provide a stable current source for the external signal conditioning device; The adjustable voltage output terminal of the excitation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the pressure control device to provide the operating voltage for the pressure control device; The host computer monitoring module is used to monitor and analyze the control signal to complete the collection, processing and transmission of downhole parameters.

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